Farms, Land in Farms, and Livestock Operations 2011 Summary February 2012 ISSN: 1930-7128 United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Contents 2011 Number of Farms and Land in Farms Highlights........................................................ 4 2011 Livestock Operations Highlights..................................................................... 5 Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2010 and 2011................................... 6 Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2010 and 2011................................. 6 Farms and Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2011.................................... 7 Number of Farms and Average Farm Size - United States: 1995-2011......................................... 7 Point Farms, Percent of Total - United States: 2002-2011................................................. 8 Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - United States: 2002-2011......................... 8 Percent of Farms and Land in Farms and the Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2010 and 2011............................................................................................ 8 Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - States and United States: 2010 and 2011.......... 9 Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011............... 10 Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011................. 14 Number of Cattle and Calves, Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011............................................................................................ 18 Number of Milk Cow Operations, Percent of Inventory, and Percent of Milk Production by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011............................................................................. 18 Number of Hog and Pig Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011... 19 Number of Hog and Pig Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Based on Ownership - United States: 2010 and 2011............................................................................. 19 Number of Sheep and Goat Operations - United States: 2010 and 2011....................................... 19 Breeding Sheep, Survey Percent by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011.............................. 19 Statistical Methodology ................................................................................. 20 Terms and Definitions ................................................................................... 21 Farm Definition History.................................................................................. 22 Special Note Regarding 2007 Estimates.................................................................... 23 Information Contacts..................................................................................... 25 2011 Number of Farms and Land in Farms Highlights The number of farms in the United States in 2011 is estimated at 2.2 million, down slightly from 2010. Total land in farms, at 917 million acres, decreased 1.85 million acres from 2010. The average farm size is 420 acres, up 1 acre from the previous year. Farm numbers and land in farms are broken down into five economic sales classes. Farms and ranches are classified into these "sales classes" by summing their sales of agricultural products and government program payments. Sales class breaks occur at $10,000, $100,000, $250,000, and $500,000. Farm numbers increased slightly in the $10,000-$99,999, $250,000-$499,999, and $500,000 and over sales classes. Higher commodity prices and larger value of sales contributed to changes in the number of farms within these sales classes. Farm numbers increased 1.3 percent, to slightly over 600,000 farms in the $10,000 - $99,999 sales class and 1.9 percent in the $250,000 - $499,999 sales class to over 100,000 farms. Meanwhile, the number of farms in the $500,000 and over sales class increased by 5.9 percent, to 133,570 farms. Land in farms increased in the largest sales class while decreasing in all other sales classes. Land operated by farms in the $500,000 & over in sales class increased 2.5 percent, to 305.7 million acres. Land operated by farms in both $1,000-$9,999 and $100,000-$249,999 sales classes decreased by 3.5 percent, to 100.7 million acres and 138.7 million acres respectively. The average farm size increased 1 acre in 2011 to 420 acres per farm. However, average farm sizes declined in some of the sales classes partially due to smaller farms moving up to higher sales classes. 2011 Livestock Operations Highlights The number of operations with cattle totaled 922,000 for 2011, down 1 percent from 2010. Beef cow operations in 2011, at 734,000, were also down 1 percent from last year. The number of milk cow operations for 2011 totaled 60,000, down 4 percent from 2010. The three operation classes: cattle, beef cows, and milk cows, are classified into size groups independently. Therefore, it is possible to have more beef cow operations in a particular size group than cattle operations. As an example, an operator with 75 cattle and 40 beef cows would be classified in the 50-99 size group for cattle and 1-49 size group for beef cows. The number of operations with hogs totaled 69,100 for 2011, unchanged from 2010. Places with 2,000 or more head accounted for 87 percent of the inventory. The number of operations with sheep totaled 80,000 for 2011, down 1 percent from 2010. Of all sheep operations that include breeding sheep, 93.5 percent were comprised of 1-99 head, 5.4 percent had 100-499 head, and the remaining 1.1 percent were operations with 500 head or more. Operations with 1-99 head account for 35.9 percent of the inventory, 100-499 head account for 21.1 percent of the inventory, and 500+ head account for 43.0 percent of the inventory. The number of operations with goats totaled 151,000 for 2011, down 1 percent from a year earlier. Angora goat operations totaled 5,500, down 8 percent from 2010. Milk goat operations totaled 31,000, unchanged from 2010. Meat goat operations totaled 124,000, down 3 percent from a year earlier. Total goat operations will be equal to or less than the sum of angora, milk and meat goat operations since places which own more than one goat type count as only one operation. Point Farms, Percent of Total - United States: 2002-2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Farms : Land -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent : 2002 ...................................: 19.0 3.0 2003 ...................................: 18.0 3.0 2004 ...................................: 17.0 2.5 2005 ...................................: 18.0 2.5 2006 ...................................: 19.0 2.7 2007 ...................................: 22.0 3.0 2008 ...................................: 17.0 2.8 2009 ...................................: 18.0 2.9 2010 ...................................: 19.0 3.0 2011 ...................................: 19.0 3.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - United States: 2002-2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : Land : Average Year : of farms : in farms : farm size -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number 1,000 acres acres : 2002 ...............: 2,135,360 940,300 440 2003 ...............: 2,126,860 936,750 440 2004 ...............: 2,112,970 932,260 441 2005 ...............: 2,098,690 927,940 442 2006 ...............: 2,088,790 925,790 443 2007 ...............: 2,204,950 921,460 418 2008 ...............: 2,200,100 919,910 418 2009 ...............: 2,200,210 919,890 418 2010 ...............: 2,192,000 918,840 419 2011 ...............: 2,181,000 916,990 420 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent of Farms and Land in Farms and the Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2010 and 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent of total : :---------------------------------------: Economic sales class: Farms : Land in farms : Average farm size :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent acres acres : $1,000 - $2,499 ....: 27.3 27.0 3.6 3.5 55 54 $2,500 - $4,999 ....: 14.9 14.5 3.6 3.5 101 101 $5,000 - $9,999 ....: 13.7 13.5 4.2 4.0 128 124 $10,000 - $24,999 ..: 12.2 12.0 6.9 6.8 236 238 $25,000 - $49,999 ..: 8.0 8.3 7.3 7.3 381 370 $50,000 - $99,999 ..: 6.8 7.2 10.1 10.4 620 608 $100,000 - $249,999 : 6.8 6.7 15.9 15.1 980 951 $250,000 - $499,999 : 4.5 4.6 15.9 16.0 1,481 1,468 $500,000 - $999,999 : 3.5 3.7 16.0 16.4 1,916 1,871 $1,000,000 + .......: 2.3 2.5 16.5 17.0 3,007 2,870 : Total ..............: 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 419 420 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :------ number ------ --- 1,000 acres -- ----- acres ---- : Alabama .......: 48,200 47,500 9,000 8,950 187 188 Alaska ........: 680 680 880 880 1,294 1,294 Arizona .......: 15,500 15,500 26,100 26,100 1,684 1,684 Arkansas ......: 48,700 48,300 13,600 13,500 279 280 California ....: 81,500 81,500 25,400 25,400 312 312 Colorado ......: 36,400 36,700 31,300 31,300 860 853 Connecticut ...: 4,900 4,900 400 400 82 82 Delaware ......: 2,500 2,500 490 490 196 196 Florida .......: 47,500 47,500 9,250 9,250 195 195 Georgia .......: 47,400 47,000 10,300 10,300 217 219 : Hawaii ........: 7,500 7,500 1,110 1,110 148 148 Idaho .........: 25,200 24,700 11,400 11,400 452 462 Illinois ......: 75,400 74,600 26,700 26,600 354 357 Indiana .......: 62,000 62,000 14,800 14,700 239 237 Iowa ..........: 92,400 92,300 30,800 30,700 333 333 Kansas ........: 65,500 65,500 46,100 46,000 704 702 Kentucky ......: 85,500 85,300 14,000 14,000 164 164 Louisiana .....: 29,500 29,000 8,000 7,950 271 274 Maine .........: 8,100 8,100 1,350 1,350 167 167 Maryland ......: 12,800 12,800 2,050 2,050 160 160 : Massachusetts .: 7,700 7,700 520 520 68 68 Michigan ......: 54,900 54,900 10,000 10,000 182 182 Minnesota .....: 80,500 79,800 26,900 26,850 334 336 Mississippi ...: 42,400 42,400 11,150 11,150 263 263 Missouri ......: 107,300 106,500 29,000 28,900 270 271 Montana .......: 29,400 29,300 60,600 60,500 2,061 2,065 Nebraska ......: 47,200 46,800 45,600 45,500 966 972 Nevada ........: 3,050 2,950 5,900 5,850 1,934 1,983 New Hampshire .: 4,150 4,150 470 470 113 113 New Jersey ....: 10,300 10,300 730 730 71 71 : New Mexico ....: 21,700 23,000 43,300 43,400 1,995 1,887 New York ......: 36,300 36,000 7,000 7,000 193 194 North Carolina : 51,400 50,400 8,600 8,500 167 169 North Dakota ..: 31,900 31,900 39,600 39,600 1,241 1,241 Ohio ..........: 74,300 73,700 13,700 13,600 184 185 Oklahoma ......: 86,000 85,500 34,900 34,700 406 406 Oregon ........: 38,500 38,300 16,350 16,300 425 426 Pennsylvania ..: 62,700 62,200 7,700 7,650 123 123 Rhode Island ..: 1,220 1,220 70 70 57 57 South Carolina : 26,800 26,500 4,900 4,900 183 185 : South Dakota ..: 31,500 31,300 43,700 43,650 1,387 1,395 Tennessee .....: 78,000 77,300 10,850 10,800 139 140 Texas .........: 246,300 245,000 130,200 130,000 529 531 Utah ..........: 16,600 16,600 11,100 11,100 669 669 Vermont .......: 7,000 7,000 1,220 1,220 174 174 Virginia ......: 46,700 46,400 8,000 7,950 171 171 Washington ....: 39,500 39,500 14,800 14,800 375 375 West Virginia .: 23,000 22,500 3,650 3,650 159 162 Wisconsin .....: 77,500 77,000 15,100 15,000 195 195 Wyoming .......: 11,000 11,000 30,200 30,200 2,745 2,745 : United States .:2,192,000 2,181,000 918,840 916,990 419 420 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $1,000-$9,999 : $10,000-$99,999 : $100,000-$249,999 :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Northeast : Connecticut .....: 3,050 3,050 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Maine ...........: 5,300 5,300 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Massachusetts ...: 4,800 4,800 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Hampshire ...: 2,900 2,900 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Jersey ......: 6,700 6,700 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New York ........: 19,000 18,900 10,700 10,800 3,400 3,200 Pennsylvania ....: 37,000 35,800 15,500 15,700 5,300 5,200 Rhode Island ....: 750 750 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Vermont .........: 4,000 4,000 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: (X) (X) 10,950 11,050 2,270 2,220 : Total ...........: 83,500 82,200 37,150 37,550 10,970 10,620 : North Central : Illinois ........: 33,000 31,300 17,100 16,600 8,300 8,200 Indiana .........: 33,700 33,000 15,200 15,500 5,300 5,000 Iowa ............: 30,200 30,000 28,500 28,400 14,300 14,400 Kansas ..........: 28,000 28,000 22,500 22,300 6,700 6,700 Michigan ........: 32,200 32,300 14,400 14,000 3,500 3,700 Minnesota .......: 36,500 35,500 21,500 21,300 9,200 8,900 Missouri ........: 58,300 56,300 36,800 37,900 5,500 5,300 Nebraska ........: 11,500 10,000 12,900 13,600 9,000 8,200 North Dakota ....: 10,500 10,200 9,200 9,400 4,600 3,800 Ohio ............: 40,200 38,700 22,300 22,700 5,300 5,000 South Dakota ....: 9,200 9,000 9,900 9,800 4,800 4,800 Wisconsin .......: 38,800 37,500 20,500 20,400 8,800 9,300 : Total ...........: 362,100 351,800 230,800 231,900 85,300 83,300 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $1,000-$9,999 : $10,000-$99,999 : $100,000-$249,999 :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : South : Alabama .........: 31,200 28,400 12,000 14,300 1,300 1,100 Arkansas ........: 26,900 26,600 13,400 13,300 1,500 1,500 Delaware ........: 1,000 1,000 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Florida .........: 29,500 29,600 12,600 12,400 2,200 2,300 Georgia .........: 29,700 28,700 10,000 10,300 2,300 2,400 Kentucky ........: 55,300 54,400 24,000 24,400 2,800 3,100 Louisiana .......: 18,400 18,100 7,700 7,600 1,100 1,000 Maryland ........: 7,100 7,100 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mississippi .....: 27,700 27,700 10,000 10,000 1,000 1,000 North Carolina ..: 31,900 30,800 11,300 11,600 1,900 1,800 Oklahoma ........: 51,000 50,000 27,700 28,400 3,400 3,300 South Carolina ..: 19,200 18,100 5,500 6,200 500 700 Tennessee .......: 55,400 54,600 18,500 18,200 1,600 1,800 Texas ...........: 169,900 165,200 59,000 62,000 6,900 6,800 Virginia ........: 30,000 29,500 13,200 12,800 1,300 1,400 West Virginia ...: 18,400 17,700 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ .: (X) (X) 7,730 7,830 1,230 1,280 : Total ...........: 602,600 587,500 232,630 239,330 29,030 29,480 : West : Alaska ..........: 350 350 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Arizona .........: 12,000 12,000 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) California ......: 35,500 35,600 26,700 26,300 6,500 6,600 Colorado ........: 19,600 19,800 11,400 11,400 2,600 2,700 Hawaii ..........: 4,600 4,600 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Idaho ...........: 13,400 11,400 7,200 8,200 1,700 2,000 Montana .........: 13,100 13,400 9,300 9,000 3,400 3,200 Nevada ..........: 1,650 1,600 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Mexico ......: 14,500 15,300 5,400 5,800 840 900 Oregon ..........: 24,400 24,600 9,200 8,700 2,100 2,000 Utah ............: 10,200 10,200 4,750 4,700 840 850 Washington ......: 24,500 25,000 8,800 8,400 1,900 1,900 Wyoming .........: 5,200 5,200 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 3/ .: (X) (X) 9,090 9,070 2,110 2,090 : Total ...........: 179,000 179,050 91,840 91,570 21,990 22,240 : United States .....:1,227,200 1,200,550 592,420 600,350 147,290 145,640 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $250,000-$499,999 : $500,000 and over : Total :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Northeast : Connecticut .....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 4,900 4,900 Maine ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 8,100 8,100 Massachusetts ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 7,700 7,700 New Hampshire ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 4,150 4,150 New Jersey ......: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 10,300 10,300 New York ........: 1,450 1,300 1,750 1,800 36,300 36,000 Pennsylvania ....: 2,600 2,900 2,300 2,600 62,700 62,200 Rhode Island ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 1,220 1,220 Vermont .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 7,000 7,000 : Other States 1/ .: 1,270 1,220 1,380 1,380 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 5,320 5,420 5,430 5,780 142,370 141,570 : North Central : Illinois ........: 8,000 8,300 9,000 10,200 75,400 74,600 Indiana .........: 3,300 3,600 4,500 4,900 62,000 62,000 Iowa ............: 9,600 9,500 9,800 10,000 92,400 92,300 Kansas ..........: 3,900 3,900 4,400 4,600 65,500 65,500 Michigan ........: 2,200 2,200 2,600 2,700 54,900 54,900 Minnesota .......: 6,600 7,000 6,700 7,100 80,500 79,800 Missouri ........: 2,900 2,900 3,800 4,100 107,300 106,500 Nebraska ........: 6,300 6,000 7,500 9,000 47,200 46,800 North Dakota ....: 3,700 3,900 3,900 4,600 31,900 31,900 Ohio ............: 3,400 3,900 3,100 3,400 74,300 73,700 South Dakota ....: 4,200 4,100 3,400 3,600 31,500 31,300 Wisconsin .......: 5,500 5,500 3,900 4,300 77,500 77,000 : Total ...........: 59,600 60,800 62,600 68,500 800,400 796,300 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Number of Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $250,000-$499,999 : $500,000 and over : Total :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : South : Alabama .........: 1,400 1,300 2,300 2,400 48,200 47,500 Arkansas ........: 2,000 2,000 4,900 4,900 48,700 48,300 Delaware ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 2,500 2,500 Florida .........: 1,100 1,100 2,100 2,100 47,500 47,500 Georgia .........: 1,600 1,500 3,800 4,100 47,400 47,000 Kentucky ........: 1,500 1,500 1,900 1,900 85,500 85,300 Louisiana .......: 800 900 1,500 1,400 29,500 29,000 Maryland ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 12,800 12,800 Mississippi .....: 900 900 2,800 2,800 42,400 42,400 North Carolina ..: 2,400 2,300 3,900 3,900 51,400 50,400 Oklahoma ........: 1,850 1,800 2,050 2,000 86,000 85,500 South Carolina ..: 400 400 1,200 1,100 26,800 26,500 Tennessee .......: 1,050 1,200 1,450 1,500 78,000 77,300 Texas ...........: 4,200 4,200 6,300 6,800 246,300 245,000 Virginia ........: 900 1,200 1,300 1,500 46,700 46,400 West Virginia ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 23,000 22,500 : Other States 2/ .: 870 890 1,970 2,000 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 20,970 21,190 37,470 38,400 922,700 915,900 : West : Alaska ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 680 680 Arizona .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 15,500 15,500 California ......: 3,900 3,900 8,900 9,100 81,500 81,500 Colorado ........: 1,200 1,200 1,600 1,600 36,400 36,700 Hawaii ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 7,500 7,500 Idaho ...........: 1,100 1,200 1,800 1,900 25,200 24,700 Montana .........: 2,200 2,400 1,400 1,300 29,400 29,300 Nevada ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 3,050 2,950 New Mexico ......: 400 450 560 550 21,700 23,000 Oregon ..........: 1,000 1,000 1,800 2,000 38,500 38,300 Utah ............: 350 400 460 450 16,600 16,600 Washington ......: 1,700 1,700 2,600 2,500 39,500 39,500 Wyoming .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 11,000 11,000 : Other States 3/ .: 1,240 1,230 1,490 1,490 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 13,090 13,480 20,610 20,890 326,530 327,230 : United States .....: 98,980 100,890 126,110 133,570 2,192,000 2,181,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Other States includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 2/ Other States includes Delaware, Maryland, and West Virginia. 3/ Other States includes Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, and Wyoming. Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $1,000-$9,999 : $10,000-$99,999 : $100,000-$249,999 :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Northeast .........: Connecticut .....: 130 130 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Maine ...........: 480 480 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Massachusetts ...: 210 210 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Hampshire ...: 230 230 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Jersey ......: 180 180 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New York ........: 1,600 1,600 1,700 1,800 1,200 1,100 Pennsylvania ....: 2,400 2,300 2,100 2,050 1,100 1,000 Rhode Island ....: 30 30 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Vermont .........: 340 340 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: (X) (X) 1,250 1,250 500 500 : Total ...........: 5,600 5,500 5,050 5,100 2,800 2,600 : North Central .....: Illinois ........: 1,400 1,300 2,300 2,200 3,400 3,100 Indiana .........: 1,300 1,200 2,200 1,900 2,000 1,800 Iowa ............: 1,500 1,400 4,900 4,900 5,500 5,400 Kansas ..........: 3,000 3,000 9,300 9,100 8,300 8,300 Michigan ........: 1,700 1,650 1,900 1,800 1,300 1,350 Minnesota .......: 3,100 2,900 4,800 4,650 4,100 3,900 Missouri ........: 4,900 4,600 10,200 10,300 3,600 3,300 Nebraska ........: 1,300 1,100 5,500 5,500 8,600 7,800 North Dakota ....: 1,800 1,600 6,000 6,000 6,900 5,400 Ohio ............: 1,950 1,850 3,150 3,150 2,150 2,000 South Dakota ....: 1,500 1,450 7,400 7,300 9,100 9,100 Wisconsin .......: 2,400 2,300 3,200 3,000 2,500 2,600 : Total ...........: 25,850 24,350 60,850 59,800 57,450 54,050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $1,000-$9,999 : $10,000-$99,999 : $100,000-$249,999 :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : South .............: Alabama .........: 3,000 2,650 3,100 3,550 800 650 Arkansas ........: 2,050 2,000 3,250 3,200 1,000 1,000 Delaware ........: 30 30 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Florida .........: 1,400 1,400 1,900 1,800 850 850 Georgia .........: 2,900 2,750 2,500 2,550 950 950 Kentucky ........: 4,400 4,350 4,800 4,800 1,300 1,400 Louisiana .......: 1,400 1,400 1,900 1,900 900 850 Maryland ........: 400 400 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mississippi .....: 3,450 3,450 2,700 2,700 950 950 North Carolina ..: 2,000 1,900 1,600 1,700 800 750 Oklahoma ........: 6,100 6,000 12,500 12,800 5,500 5,350 South Carolina ..: 1,700 1,550 1,300 1,450 300 400 Tennessee .......: 3,800 3,700 3,600 3,450 800 900 Texas ...........: 19,100 18,200 43,500 44,500 16,000 15,500 Virginia ........: 2,250 2,100 3,000 2,750 800 850 West Virginia ...: 1,900 1,800 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ .: (X) (X) 1,770 1,770 550 600 : Total ...........: 55,880 53,680 87,420 88,920 31,500 31,000 : West ..............: Alaska ..........: 270 270 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Arizona .........: 750 750 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) California ......: 1,800 1,800 4,900 4,700 3,700 3,700 Colorado ........: 2,600 2,700 9,400 9,500 5,100 5,300 Hawaii ..........: 80 80 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Idaho ...........: 1,000 800 2,500 2,500 1,900 1,900 Montana .........: 2,300 2,400 11,800 11,500 14,700 14,300 Nevada ..........: 200 200 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) New Mexico ......: 3,100 3,100 11,500 11,700 8,400 8,000 Oregon ..........: 1,600 1,600 3,550 3,300 3,200 3,000 Utah ............: 850 850 2,310 2,280 1,410 1,410 Washington ......: 1,200 1,300 3,100 3,000 1,800 1,700 Wyoming .........: 1,300 1,300 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Other States 3/ .: (X) (X) 22,750 22,750 11,750 11,770 : Total ...........: 17,050 17,150 71,810 71,230 51,960 51,080 : United States .....: 104,380 100,680 225,130 225,050 143,710 138,730 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $250,000-$499,999 : $500,000 and over : Total :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Northeast : Connecticut .....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 400 400 Maine ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 1,350 1,350 Massachusetts ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 520 520 New Hampshire ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 470 470 New Jersey ......: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 730 730 New York ........: 700 700 1,800 1,800 7,000 7,000 Pennsylvania ....: 900 1,000 1,200 1,300 7,700 7,650 Rhode Island ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 70 70 Vermont .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 1,220 1,220 : Other States 1/ .: 455 445 955 965 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 2,055 2,145 3,955 4,065 19,460 19,410 : North Central : Illinois ........: 4,900 4,900 14,700 15,100 26,700 26,600 Indiana .........: 2,500 2,500 6,800 7,300 14,800 14,700 Iowa ............: 6,800 6,700 12,100 12,300 30,800 30,700 Kansas ..........: 8,500 8,000 17,000 17,600 46,100 46,000 Michigan ........: 1,500 1,500 3,600 3,700 10,000 10,000 Minnesota .......: 4,900 4,900 10,000 10,500 26,900 26,850 Missouri ........: 3,300 3,200 7,000 7,500 29,000 28,900 Nebraska ........: 9,800 9,300 20,400 21,800 45,600 45,500 North Dakota ....: 8,400 8,800 16,500 17,800 39,600 39,600 Ohio ............: 2,350 2,450 4,100 4,150 13,700 13,600 South Dakota ....: 10,300 9,800 15,400 16,000 43,700 43,650 Wisconsin .......: 2,800 2,600 4,200 4,500 15,100 15,000 : Total ...........: 66,050 64,650 131,800 138,250 342,000 341,100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Land in Farms by Economic Sales Class - Region, States, and United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Economic sales class :----------------------------------------------------------- Region and state : $250,000-$499,999 : $500,000 and over : Total :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : South : Alabama .........: 700 650 1,400 1,450 9,000 8,950 Arkansas ........: 1,400 1,400 5,900 5,900 13,600 13,500 Delaware ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 490 490 Florida .........: 900 900 4,200 4,300 9,250 9,250 Georgia .........: 1,050 950 2,900 3,100 10,300 10,300 Kentucky ........: 1,050 1,000 2,450 2,450 14,000 14,000 Louisiana .......: 900 1,050 2,900 2,750 8,000 7,950 Maryland ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 2,050 2,050 Mississippi .....: 950 950 3,100 3,100 11,150 11,150 North Carolina ..: 1,200 1,150 3,000 3,000 8,600 8,500 Oklahoma ........: 4,500 4,400 6,300 6,150 34,900 34,700 South Carolina ..: 400 400 1,200 1,100 4,900 4,900 Tennessee .......: 900 950 1,750 1,800 10,850 10,800 Texas ...........: 18,600 17,300 33,000 34,500 130,200 130,000 Virginia ........: 650 850 1,300 1,400 8,000 7,950 West Virginia ...: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 3,650 3,650 : Other States 2/ .: 410 410 1,130 1,180 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 33,610 32,360 70,530 72,180 278,940 278,140 : West : Alaska ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 880 880 Arizona .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 26,100 26,100 California ......: 2,800 2,800 12,200 12,400 25,400 25,400 Colorado ........: 5,700 5,800 8,500 8,000 31,300 31,300 Hawaii ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 1,110 1,110 Idaho ...........: 1,100 1,100 4,900 5,100 11,400 11,400 Montana .........: 13,500 14,500 18,300 17,800 60,600 60,500 Nevada ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 5,900 5,850 New Mexico ......: 7,700 8,500 12,600 12,100 43,300 43,400 Oregon ..........: 2,400 2,400 5,600 6,000 16,350 16,300 Utah ............: 1,080 1,100 5,450 5,460 11,100 11,100 Washington ......: 2,800 2,900 5,900 5,900 14,800 14,800 Wyoming .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 30,200 30,200 : Other States 3/ .: 8,500 8,550 18,590 18,470 (X) (X) : Total ...........: 45,580 47,650 92,040 91,230 278,440 278,340 : United States .....: 147,295 146,805 298,325 305,725 918,840 916,990 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Other States includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 2/ Other States includes Delaware, Maryland, and West Virginia. 3/ Other States includes Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, and Wyoming. Number of Cattle and Calves, Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations : Percent of inventory :-------------------------------------------------------- Head : : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- number ------ ----- percent ----- : Cattle and calves .....: 1-49 .................: 635,000 627,000 11.4 11.6 50-99 ................: 129,000 127,000 9.6 9.5 100-499 ..............: 141,600 138,700 31.0 30.4 500-999 ..............: 18,700 18,600 13.5 13.5 1,000-1,999 ..........: 6,500 6,500 9.0 9.0 2,000-4,999 ..........: 3,010 3,020 8.9 8.9 5,000-9,999 ..........: 720 710 4.9 5.0 10,000-19,999 ........: 270 270 3.7 3.8 20,000+ ..............: 200 200 8.0 8.3 : Total ................: 935,000 922,000 100.0 100.0 : Beef cows 1/ : 1-49 .................: 588,000 583,000 28.0 27.7 50-99 ................: 82,000 81,000 17.4 17.4 100-499 ..............: 66,300 64,200 38.0 38.2 500-999 ..............: 4,280 4,390 8.8 9.1 1,000-1,999 ..........: 1,090 1,080 4.5 4.3 2,000-4,999 ..........: 280 280 2.1 2.1 5,000+ ...............: 50 50 1.2 1.2 : Total ................: 742,000 734,000 100.0 100.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Included in operations with cattle. Number of Milk Cow Operations, Percent of Inventory, and Percent of Milk Production by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011 [Included in operations with cattle] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent of : Percent of : Operations : inventory : production 1/ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- number ---- --------------- percent -------------- : 1-29 .........: 20,000 19,400 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.0 30-49 ........: 10,800 10,100 4.7 4.3 3.5 3.2 50-99 ........: 15,800 14,800 12.2 11.2 10.6 9.4 100-199 ......: 8,600 8,300 12.3 11.9 11.3 10.9 200-499 ......: 3,950 4,000 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 500-999 ......: 1,670 1,650 12.4 12.3 12.7 12.6 1,000-1,999 ..: 920 950 13.3 13.7 15.5 15.7 2,000+ .......: 760 800 30.9 32.5 32.7 34.6 : Total ........: 62,500 60,000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Estimates reflect the average distributions of various probability surveys conducted during the year. Number of Hog and Pig Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations : Percent of inventory :----------------------------------------------------------- Head : : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- number ------ ------ percent ----- : 1-99 ..............: 49,000 49,400 0.8 0.8 100-499 ...........: 5,200 5,100 2.1 2.0 500-999 ...........: 2,800 2,400 3.1 2.7 1,000-1,999 .......: 3,650 3,400 8.0 7.5 2,000-4,999 .......: 5,350 5,500 25.0 24.9 5,000+ ............: 3,100 3,300 61.0 62.1 : Total .............: 69,100 69,100 100.0 100.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Hog and Pig Operations and Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Based on Ownership - United States: 2010 and 2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations : Percent of inventory :----------------------------------------------------------- Head : : : : : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- number ------ ------ percent ----- : 1-99 ..............: 48,400 49,250 0.8 0.9 100-499 ...........: 4,450 4,450 2.0 2.0 500-999 ...........: 1,920 1,750 2.1 1.9 1,000-1,999 .......: 2,050 1,900 4.2 3.8 2,000-4,999 .......: 2,300 2,250 10.1 9.8 5,000-9,999 .......: 675 660 7.5 7.2 10,000-19,999 .....: 360 360 7.7 7.5 20,000-49,999 .....: 175 185 8.6 8.8 50,000+ ...........: 130 135 57.0 58.1 : Total .............: 60,460 60,940 100.0 100.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Sheep and Goat Operations - United States: 2010 and 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number number : Sheep ..................................: 81,000 80,000 : Angora goats ...........................: 6,000 5,500 Milk goats .............................: 31,000 31,000 Meat and other goats ...................: 128,000 124,000 All goats ..............................: 152,000 151,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Breeding Sheep, Survey Percent by Size Group - United States: 2010 and 2011 [Percents reflect distributions from the January annual survey] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1-99 head : 100-499 head :500-4,999 head : 5,000+ head Item :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 : 2010 : 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent : Operations ...: 93.8 93.5 5.1 5.4 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.1 : Inventory ....: 35.8 35.9 20.1 21.1 30.6 31.1 13.5 11.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Data are collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) during the June Agricultural Survey using sampling procedures to ensure every farm and ranch has a chance of being selected. NASS uses a multiple sampling frame approach to count farms and measure land in farms. An Area Sampling Frame that divides all land into segments is built for every State. A sample of segments is selected in each State and enumerated in early June. Highly trained interviewers locate each sampled segment and identify every farm and ranch operating land in the segment and the number of acres in each operation. These data are used to compute summary indications of farm numbers and acres of land in farms. Additionally, all farms found in the segments are checked against a list of farms and ranches maintained by NASS to determine if the farm is on the list. Operations found in the Area Frame sample that are not on the list provide a measure of incompleteness of the list. The summarized totals for these non-overlap (or not-on-list) operations are combined with summarized totals collected from a sample selected from the list to calculate additional indications of farms and land in farms. Estimation Procedures: Data are checked for reasonableness and consistency and summarized for each state. State estimates are aggregated to regional and national totals for Headquarters review. Field Offices perform a thorough review of their survey results and historical data relationships and recommend official estimates. Headquarters establishes regional and national estimates and ensures that state estimates are in balance with the Regional and National numbers. Revision Policy: Estimates are subject to revision the following year and following review of the five-year Census of Agriculture. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data which directly affects the level of the estimate. Reliability: Two types of errors, sampling and non-sampling, are possible in an estimate based on a sample survey. Both types can affect the quality of the estimates. Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The sampling error measures the variation in estimates from the average of all possible samples. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean that chances are 19 out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples averaged together would be between 98 and 102; which is the survey estimate, plus or minus two times the sampling error. The sampling error expressed as a percent of the estimate is called the relative sampling error. The relative sampling error for the United States number of farms and land in farms is 1.3 and 1.2 percent respectively. The sampling error for total number of farms and total land in farms is less than the sampling error for each component of the total, such as number of farms by economic sales class. Relative sampling errors by economic sales class generally ranged from 1.3 to 2.7 percent for number of farms and 1.2 to 4.1 percent for land in farms at the United States level. Non-sampling errors can occur in complete censuses as well as sample surveys. They are caused by the inability to obtain correct information from each person surveyed, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, and mistakes in coding or processing the data. Special efforts are taken at each step of the survey to minimize non-sampling errors. Terms and Definitions A farm is "any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the year". Government payments are included in sales. Ranches, institutional farms, experimental and research farms, and Indian Reservations are included as farms. Places with the entire acreage enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), or other government programs are counted as farms. The definition of a farm was first established in 1850 and has changed nine times since. The current definition was first used for the 1974 Census. Land in farms consists of agricultural land used for crops, pasture, or grazing. Also included is woodland and wasteland not actually under cultivation or used for pasture or grazing, provided it was part of the farm operator's total operation. Land in farms includes acres in the Conservation Reserve, Wetlands Reserve Programs, or other government programs. Land in farms includes land owned and operated as well as land rented from others. Land used rent-free is included as land rented from others. All grazing land, except land used under government permits on a per-head basis, is included as land in farms provided it was part of a farm or ranch. Land under the exclusive use of a grazing association is reported by the grazing association and included as land in farms. All land in American Indian reservations used for growing crops or grazing livestock is included as land in farms. Land in reservations not reported by individual American Indians or non-Native Americans is reported in the name of the cooperative group that used the land. In many instances, the entire American Indian reservation is reported as one farm. Economic sales classes are based on the gross value of agricultural products sold. Government program payments are also included. Point Farms are places that did not have $1,000 of reported sales for the year, but had sufficient crops and livestock to normally have sales of $1,000 or more. A cattle operation is any place having one or more head of cattle on hand on December 31. A beef cow operation is any place having one or more head of beef cows on hand on December 31. A milk cow operation is any place having one or more head of milk cows on hand on December 31. A hog and pig operation is any place having one or more hog or pig on hand on December 31. A sheep and lamb operation is any place having one or more head of sheep or lambs on hand on December 31. A goat and kid operation is any place having one or more head of goats or kids on hand on December 31. Farm Definition History The definition of a farm has remained the same since 1974. Activities included as agriculture, however, have undergone modification in recent years. Beginning in 1995, operations having 5 or more horses or ponies and no other agricultural sales were counted as horse farms. An operation with 1 or more horses with agricultural sales of at least $1,000, qualified as a farm. Two industries, maple syrup and short rotation woody crop farms, were added beginning in 1997 as a result of the new North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). These changes were made to achieve comparability with the Census of Agriculture farm definition. All the changes in the farm definition beginning in 1995 were carried back to 1993 and included in the 1993-1998 estimates. These changes bring comparability between the Census of Agriculture data and the annually published NASS estimates. Because of these changes in the farm definition, the official estimates show a level difference in the number of farms between 1992 and 1993 in some states. To further align the counting of farms with the Census of Agriculture, places with 100 acres or more of pasture only in 2002 were included in farm and land in farm numbers. The handling of Indian reservation land was changed in 2002 to provide some accounting for individual farms. Historic Estimates: Final estimates of Farms and Land in Farms in earlier years are available in Statistical Bulletins, No. 1018 for 2003-2007, No. 991 for 1998-2002, No. 955 for 1993-97, No. 895 for 1988-92, No. 792 for 1979-87, SpSy3 for 1975-80, No. 594 for 1969-75, No. 507 for 1959-70, No. 316 for number of farm estimates for 1910-59 and land in farms estimates for 1950-59. Special Note Regarding the 2007 Estimates Census: The Farms, Land in Farms, and Livestock Operations publication is produced annually. The purpose of this publication is to provide annual estimates of Farms, Land in Farms, and Operations with Livestock. It also provides revisions, as necessary, to previous year estimates. The Census of Agriculture, conducted every five years provides a base from which the annual surveys measure the change from that base. At the end of the next five year cycle, the annual estimates are revised based on inter-census trends. The 2007 Census of Agriculture showed a significant increase in the number of farms, and reversed the downward trend that was shown in the annual estimates of Farm Numbers since the 2002 Census of Agriculture. NASS believes that some of the increase is due to methodological changes that allowed NASS to more accurately count small farms in the 2007 Census. This is discussed in more detail below. Methodological Discussion: Each year NASS conducts the June Area Frame Survey (AFS) to provide an estimate of the number of farms and the land in farms. The exception is Alaska, which does not have an area frame and uses a list survey instead. The area frame is stratified by land use. A sample of approximately 11,000 segments of land (each approximately one square mile in size) is selected, and field enumerators visit each sampled segment to identify agricultural activity within the segment. The AFS is assumed to provide complete coverage of the universe of farm and ranch operations because the area-based frame covers all land in the U.S. In preparation for the census of agriculture, NASS builds the Census Mail List (CML) consisting of all known farms and potential farms. In addition, NASS uses the area frame sample to measure and account for the incompleteness of the CML in a dual-frame estimation procedure. This dual-frame estimation procedure assumes complete coverage of the universe of farm and ranch operations because the undercoverage of the CML is accounted for through the area frame sample. Results from the 2002 Census of Agriculture indicated undercoverage of farms in the lowest value of sales categories. This category includes a high concentration of disadvantaged and minority farm operators. In preparation for the 2007 Census, NASS exerted more extensive efforts than in previous censuses to build a comprehensive list. Additionally, NASS worked with several community based organizations and producer groups to enhance awareness, to increase response, and to improve coverage of these types of farms. This resulted in a 2007 CML with 3,194,373 records as compared with 2,841,788 in 2002. Additionally, NASS augmented the area frame sample with segments that were located in areas where small and minority operated farms were likely to be located. The 2007 Census of Agriculture produced a greater number of farms in the lowest value of sales categories. The extensive list building efforts and the augmentation of the area frame sample allowed NASS to capture more of the small farms with less than $10,000 in value of agricultural sales. Additionally, 2007 was a year of relatively high commodity prices. As the value of farm commodities increased, more very small operations are able to meet the $1,000 value of sales threshold to qualify as a farm in the census. After the 2007 Census of Agriculture NASS conducted a classification error research study for the census in five states. The study used data from the 2007 AFS and the 2007 census to examine whether there were farms incorrectly classified as nonfarms, and whether there were any nonfarms incorrectly classified as farms. Records in the 2007 AFS were matched to the 2007 census using probabilistic record linkage. Records whose farm status differed in the two data collections were interviewed to determine which data source was correct. Results of the study showed that where there were discrepancies in farm status between the two reports, the census data was more often correct than the AFS data. Some AFS farms had not been correctly classified by the enumeration and processing procedures. These results challenged the NASS assumption made for its annual estimates that all farms are captured using the AFS estimation procedures. This assumption had been made on the basis of the completeness of the frame, the high quality of the personal enumeration mode utilized for the data collection, and the extensive training of field enumerators collecting the data. However, the more extensive census procedures using dual-frame estimation produced a larger farm count than the AFS estimation. This result and the results of the research study provided evidence that the AFS procedure is underestimating the number of farms. Because the AFS estimate is the major indicator for producing annual farm number estimates, it is likely these farms were also underestimated in the non census years. The 2007- 2009 farm number estimates reflect adjustments in the number of farms based on estimates produced by the 2007 Census of Agriculture. NASS has launched a research initiative to address the methodological issues discussed above. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Economics Section of the Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Kevin Hintzman, Head, Economics Section................................................ (202) 690-3223 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Received, Prices Received Indexes........................... (202) 720-8844 Kuan Chen - Prices, Prices Research................................................. (202) 720-5446 Bryan Combs - ARMS.................................................................. (202) 720-9168 Mark Gorsak - Prices, Prices Research .............................................. (202) 720-3225 Vincent Davis - Prices Paid, Prices Paid Indexes.................................... (202) 690-3229 Michael Mathison - ARMS............................................................. (202) 720-3243 Scott Shimmin - Cash Rents, Farm Numbers, Land in Farms, Land Values, Grazing Fees.. (202) 690-3231 Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ................................................. (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ................................................. (202) 690-2424 Travis Averill - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ............................................ (202) 720-3040 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ............................................ (515) 284-4340 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs, Goats ................................................. (202) 720-3106 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows ........................................ (202) 720-3278 Everett Olbert - Dairy Products Prices ............................................. (202) 720-4751 Lorie Warren - Dairy Products, Sheep ............................................... (202) 690-3236 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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