Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released April 30, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). March Prices Received Index Up 3.1 Percent The March Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 93.3, increased 3.1 percent from February but was unchanged from March 2019. At 88.7, the Crop Production Index was up 3.1 percent from last month and up 1.1 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 97.4, increased 2.9 percent from February, but decreased 0.7 percent from March last year. Producers received higher prices during March for market eggs, lettuce, broilers, and hogs but lower prices for cattle, milk, corn, and lemons. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the volume change of commodities producers market. In March, there was increased monthly movement for strawberries, cattle, milk, and calves and decreased marketing of cotton, apples, and soybeans. March Prices Paid Index Down 0.9 Percent The March Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 109.9, is down 0.9 percent from February 2020 and 0.7 percent from March 2019. Lower prices in March for feeder cattle, LP gas, feeder pigs, and field crops more than offset higher prices for potash and phosphate, mixed fertilizer, nitrogen, and supplements. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : March : February : March Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 93.3 90.5 93.3 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 110.7 110.9 109.9 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 84 81 85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................. 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons............................ 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons....................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020............. 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020................. 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................... 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons.......... 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons............... 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons...................... 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons................... 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................... 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons................... 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons........................... 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons..................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons................. 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................... 12 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................. 13 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons........................... 13 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons....................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons............. 15 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons...................... 15 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons......................... 15 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons....................... 15 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons... 16 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons..... 16 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.................... 17 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: March 2020................. 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: March 2019............................... 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2020............................ 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: March 2020............................... 18 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons....................... 19 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: April 2020 with Comparisons...................... 19 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.. 20 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons....................................... 21 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities................................................................... 23 Prices Received for Broilers by Month - United States: 2014-2019........................................... 23 Prices Received for Turkeys by Month - United States: 2014-2019............................................ 23 Prices Received for All Eggs by Month - United States: 2014-2019........................................... 24 Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month - United States: 2014-2019........................................ 24 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2018...................... 25 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2019...................... 26 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2018............. 27 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2019............. 28 Adjustment for Seasonal Variation - All Eggs and All Milk.................................................. 29 Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2016-2019........... 29 Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2016-2019........... 29 Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2016-2019........................ 29 Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2016-2019........... 30 Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2016-2019........... 30 Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2016-2019........................ 30 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates................................................................... 31 Prices Paid by Farmers..................................................................................... 32 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons................. 33 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons............................................................................. 34 Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons............................................. 35 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons........... 35 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons.............................. 35 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates....................................................................... 36 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 37 March Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The March index, at 88.7, is 3.1 percent higher than February and 1.1 percent higher than March 2019. The fruit & tree nut index increase more than offset the other crop, and vegetable & melon index. Grain and oilseed: The March index, at 65.9, is down 1.6 percent from February but up 0.9 percent from March 2019. Food grain and feed grain index increases offset the lower oilseed index. Feed grain: The March index, at 61.6, decreased 2.4 percent from last month but increased 1.7 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $3.68 per bushel, is down 10 cents from last month but up 7 cents from March 2019. Food grain: At 77.9, the index for March increased slightly from the previous month and increased 3.0 percent from a year ago. The March price for all wheat, at $4.86 per bushel, is 2 cents lower than February and 33 cents lower than March 2019. The March price for rice, at $13.20 per cwt, is 10 cents lower than February but $1.30 higher than March 2019. Oilseed: At 68.4, the index for March decreased 1.2 percent from February and decreased 0.3 percent from March 2019. The soybean price, at $8.46 per bushel, is 13 cents lower than February and 6 cents lower than March a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The March index, at 133.4, is up 9.8 percent from February and up 14 percent from a year earlier. Price increases during March for oranges and grapefruit more than offset price decreases for lemons. Vegetable and melon: At 134.1, the index for March increased 9.6 percent from the previous month but decreased 6.7 percent from March 2019. Price increases during March for broccoli, celery, and cauliflower more than offset decreases for tomatoes and corn. Other crop: The March index, at 78.8, is down 1.0 percent from the previous month and down 8.7 percent from March 2019. The all hay price, at $158.00 per ton, is $1.00 higher than February but $15.00 lower than March 2019. At 57.6 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 3.1 cents lower than February and 11.3 cents lower than March 2019. Livestock production: The index for March, at 97.4, increased 2.9 percent from the previous month but decreased 0.7 percent from March a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices are lower for broilers, steers and heifers, beef cattle, and calves. Prices are higher for market eggs, turkeys, cows, hogs, and milk. Meat animal: At 92.8, the March index decreased 3.8 percent from the previous month and decreased 7.8 percent from a year earlier. The March beef cattle price of $113.00 per cwt is $7.00 lower than the previous month and $13.00 lower than March 2019. At $47.70 per cwt, the March hog price is $2.20 higher than February and $1.20 higher than a year earlier. Dairy: The index for March, at 89.6, is down 4.7 percent from the previous month but up 2.3 percent from March a year ago. The March all milk price of $18.00 per cwt is 90 cents lower than February but 40 cents higher than March 2019. Poultry and egg: At 112.2, the March index increased 22 percent from February and increased 10 percent from March 2019. The March market egg price, at $1.58 per dozen, is 94.0 cents higher than February and 94.1 cents higher than March 2019. The March broiler price, at 43.0 cents per pound, is 1.1 cents higher than February but 8.0 cents lower than a year ago. At 66.4 cents per pound, the March turkey price is 2.0 cents higher than the previous month and 13.2 cents higher than March 2019. Food Commodities: The index, at 98.7, increased 4.1 percent from the previous month and increased 0.7 percent from March 2019. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : March : February : March Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 93.3 90.5 93.3 Crop production ..............: 87.7 86.0 88.7 Grain and oilseed ..........: 65.3 67.0 65.9 Feed grain ...............: 60.6 63.1 61.6 Food grain ...............: 75.6 77.7 77.9 Oilseed ..................: 68.6 69.2 68.4 Fruit and tree nut .........: 116.6 121.5 133.4 Vegetable and melon ........: 143.7 122.4 134.1 Other crop .................: 86.3 79.6 78.8 : Livestock production .........: 98.1 94.7 97.4 Meat animal ................: 100.7 96.5 92.8 Cattle ...................: 110.3 105.2 99.3 Hog ......................: 69.9 68.4 71.7 Dairy ......................: 87.6 94.0 89.6 Poultry and egg ............: 102.4 91.9 112.2 : Food commodity .................: 98.0 94.8 98.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : March : February : March Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 962 933 962 Crop production ..............: 765 750 773 Livestock production .........: 1139 1100 1131 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 86.5 88.8 78.7 82.3 97.8 98.5 93.0 96.3 February ......: 90.3 90.5 85.1 86.0 95.2 94.7 94.3 94.8 March .........: 93.3 93.3 87.7 88.7 98.1 97.4 98.0 98.7 April .........: 93.7 85.8 100.5 97.7 May ...........: 92.7 85.0 99.2 96.1 June ..........: 93.8 89.9 97.4 96.7 July ..........: 91.4 89.3 93.7 93.5 August ........: 91.8 89.8 93.8 94.5 September .....: 88.1 88.9 87.4 90.1 October .......: 86.0 83.1 90.6 89.3 November ......: 90.4 85.1 97.2 97.4 December ......: 90.7 85.3 97.2 96.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 110.5 111.1 107.4 107.5 111.6 111.7 109.3 110.5 February ......: 110.6 110.9 107.5 107.1 111.8 111.7 109.4 110.0 March .........: 110.7 109.9 107.6 105.8 111.6 111.2 109.8 108.5 April .........: 111.3 108.4 111.6 110.9 May ...........: 110.9 107.8 111.7 110.0 June ..........: 110.4 107.2 111.8 108.9 July ..........: 110.7 107.3 112.1 109.1 August ........: 109.9 106.2 111.4 108.2 September .....: 109.6 105.8 111.0 108.0 October .......: 110.3 106.7 111.6 109.0 November ......: 110.6 107.1 111.7 109.4 December ......: 110.9 107.4 111.9 109.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for non-citrus fruit commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : March 2019 :February 2020 : March 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.88 4.68 4.89 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.23 3.16 3.55 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 5.02 4.78 5.08 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 24.80 36.20 37.00 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 15.80 15.80 15.50 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 20.80 16.70 17.70 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 20.70 16.80 17.70 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 23.30 15.90 17.70 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.61 3.78 3.68 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.689 0.607 0.576 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 (NA) 210.00 (NA) Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 10.10 10.40 10.70 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 173.00 157.00 158.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 186.00 171.00 175.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 154.00 136.00 130.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 17.60 17.60 21.20 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 2.67 2.73 2.96 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.198 0.205 0.206 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.30 9.90 9.56 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 11.90 13.30 13.20 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 10.70 12.50 12.50 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 17.60 16.10 15.40 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 5.86 5.86 5.88 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 8.52 8.59 8.46 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 17.80 20.20 20.60 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 5.19 4.88 4.86 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 5.16 4.98 4.84 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 5.05 4.96 5.46 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.23 4.73 4.82 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 5.02 4.63 4.62 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.11 5.70 5.75 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.22 4.70 4.80 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 5.41 5.65 5.39 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 11.44 9.08 9.73 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 15.54 14.98 10.64 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 11.70 9.65 9.97 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ...................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.377 0.583 0.577 Grapes .....................dollars/ton: 628.00 (S) (S) (S) Peaches ....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears ......................dollars/ton: 559.00 539.00 1,200.00 1,170.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 114.00 257.00 189.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for vegetables, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : March 2019 :February 2020 : March 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 30.40 48.40 43.20 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 62.40 41.00 79.60 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) (S) (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 29.00 49.70 57.50 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 99.70 70.40 102.00 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 96.00 33.90 55.70 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 26.60 38.20 28.60 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 33.30 (S) 42.00 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 52.40 20.60 27.40 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 17.90 19.30 20.60 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 11.30 14.50 15.90 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 52.20 84.70 57.60 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 170.00 168.00 160.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 126.00 120.00 113.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 62.80 65.80 67.50 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 129.00 122.00 114.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 46.50 45.50 47.70 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 46.50 46.30 48.30 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 43.90 26.10 31.50 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 17.60 18.90 18.00 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 3.99 4.01 3.96 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.510 0.419 0.430 Eggs, all .................dollars/dozen: 0.969 0.866 0.893 1.72 Market 7/ ................dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.639 0.640 1.58 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.532 0.644 0.664 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.700 0.874 1.37 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 124 102 126 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 18.30 19.50 18.70 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 96 97 96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 4.65 5.28 4.87 3.29 3.56 3.79 9.30 8.64 8.84 February ...: 4.92 5.33 4.88 3.38 3.60 3.78 9.50 8.52 8.59 March ......: 5.10 5.19 4.86 3.51 3.61 3.68 9.81 8.52 8.46 April ......: 5.28 4.93 3.58 3.53 9.85 8.28 May ........: 5.39 4.78 3.68 3.63 9.84 8.02 June .......: 5.19 4.81 3.58 3.98 9.55 8.31 July .......: 5.00 4.52 3.47 4.16 9.08 8.38 August .....: 5.31 4.35 3.36 3.93 8.59 8.22 September ..: 5.15 4.26 3.40 3.80 8.78 8.35 October ....: 5.22 4.45 3.42 3.84 8.59 8.60 November ...: 5.23 4.39 3.41 3.68 8.36 8.59 December ...: 5.28 4.64 3.54 3.71 8.56 8.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 120.00 121.00 122.00 52.50 44.60 47.80 February .: 125.00 123.00 120.00 54.60 43.40 45.50 March ....: 125.00 126.00 113.00 50.00 46.50 47.70 April ....: 119.00 125.00 45.30 59.40 May ......: 120.00 120.00 51.50 62.30 June .....: 112.00 114.00 59.10 59.50 July .....: 110.00 112.00 58.60 56.60 August ...: 110.00 111.00 44.30 58.50 September : 108.00 103.00 43.20 47.70 October ..: 110.00 107.00 50.30 49.10 November .: 113.00 113.00 46.20 48.00 December .: 117.00 118.00 43.40 47.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S) Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.89 4.34 4.28 Idaho ..............: 5.45 5.28 5.01 Illinois ...........: 4.47 (D) 6.19 Indiana ............: 5.21 5.32 5.43 Kansas .............: 4.81 4.42 4.37 Michigan ...........: 5.56 5.65 5.66 Minnesota ..........: 5.64 4.38 4.76 : Missouri ...........: 5.24 5.82 5.66 Montana ............: 5.33 4.80 5.01 Nebraska ...........: 4.36 4.40 4.30 North Carolina .....: 4.94 5.50 6.39 North Dakota .......: 5.07 4.72 4.75 Ohio ...............: 5.15 5.69 5.62 Oklahoma ...........: 4.32 4.42 4.49 Oregon .............: 5.91 6.04 6.02 South Dakota .......: 5.12 4.85 4.81 Texas ..............: 6.09 5.03 5.24 Washington .........: 5.25 5.75 5.68 : United States ......: 5.19 4.88 4.86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.95 4.34 4.28 Idaho ..............: 5.44 5.24 5.03 Illinois ...........: 4.47 (D) 6.19 Indiana ............: 5.21 5.32 5.43 Kansas .............: 4.81 4.42 4.37 Michigan ...........: 5.56 5.65 5.66 Minnesota 1/ .......: (S) (NA) (NA) Missouri ...........: 5.24 5.82 5.66 : Montana ............: 5.28 4.82 5.06 Nebraska ...........: 4.36 4.40 4.30 North Carolina .....: 4.94 5.50 6.39 North Dakota .......: 4.72 3.13 (D) Ohio ...............: 5.15 5.69 5.62 Oklahoma ...........: 4.32 4.42 4.49 Oregon .............: 5.88 6.04 6.02 South Dakota .......: 4.79 4.78 4.60 Texas ..............: 6.09 5.03 5.24 Washington .........: 5.10 5.72 5.59 : United States ......: 5.16 4.98 4.84 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S) California .........: (S) (S) (D) Idaho ..............: 6.16 (D) (S) Montana ............: (D) 4.72 (D) North Dakota .......: 4.89 4.78 5.63 : United States ......: 5.05 4.96 5.46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado 1/ ........: (D) (NA) (NA) Idaho ..............: 5.42 5.35 4.98 Minnesota ..........: 5.64 4.38 4.76 Montana ............: 5.18 4.82 4.96 North Dakota .......: 5.10 4.72 4.58 Oregon 1/ ..........: 6.03 (NA) (NA) South Dakota .......: 5.25 5.00 5.00 Washington .........: 5.73 5.90 6.09 : United States ......: 5.23 4.73 4.82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (S) (D) (S) Iowa ...............: 3.80 3.18 4.04 Michigan ...........: 3.68 (D) 3.86 Minnesota ..........: 2.71 2.64 2.49 Montana ............: (S) (S) (S) Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) New York ...........: (S) (D) (S) North Dakota .......: 2.49 2.52 2.73 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: (D) 4.45 4.50 South Dakota .......: 2.87 2.79 2.75 Texas ..............: (D) (S) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 2.92 3.15 3.26 : United States ......: 2.67 2.73 2.96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.68 5.06 4.94 Idaho ..............: 5.30 4.83 5.15 Minnesota ..........: 4.41 (D) (D) Montana ............: 4.65 4.21 4.66 North Dakota .......: 4.37 4.16 4.08 Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.88 4.68 4.89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.68 5.08 (D) Idaho ..............: 5.36 (D) 5.19 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) 4.49 4.73 North Dakota .......: 4.63 4.25 4.62 Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (S) : United States ......: 5.02 4.78 5.08 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: (S) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: 3.26 3.41 3.93 Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) (S) Montana ............: (D) 3.01 3.09 North Dakota .......: 3.22 3.15 3.50 Washington .........: (D) 3.12 3.02 Wyoming ............: (S) (D) (D) : United States ......: 3.23 3.16 3.55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arkansas 1/ ........: (S) (NA) (NA) Kansas .............: 5.45 5.59 5.81 Louisiana 1/ .......: (S) (NA) (NA) Missouri 1/ ........: 6.95 (NA) (NA) Nebraska ...........: 5.32 5.50 (D) Oklahoma ...........: 5.69 5.97 6.21 Texas ..............: 6.79 6.67 6.75 : United States ......: 5.86 5.86 5.88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...............: 3.66 3.78 3.74 Illinois ...............: 3.59 3.71 3.65 Indiana ................: 3.75 4.04 4.03 Iowa ...................: 3.57 3.74 3.64 Kansas .................: 3.54 3.66 3.59 Kentucky ...............: 3.89 4.16 4.11 Michigan ...............: 3.63 4.03 3.73 Minnesota ..............: 3.47 3.58 3.49 Missouri ...............: 3.67 3.93 3.85 Nebraska ...............: 3.58 3.71 3.63 : North Carolina .........: 4.47 4.67 4.62 North Dakota ...........: 3.30 3.17 3.16 Ohio ...................: 3.74 4.14 3.99 Pennsylvania ...........: 4.24 4.46 4.11 South Dakota ...........: 3.34 3.52 3.42 Tennessee ..............: 3.75 3.97 4.02 Texas ..................: 4.34 4.41 4.24 Wisconsin ..............: 3.54 3.66 3.51 : United States ..........: 3.61 3.78 3.68 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 8.40 8.75 8.50 Illinois ...........: 8.70 8.80 8.78 Indiana ............: 8.83 9.04 9.01 Iowa ...............: 8.46 8.56 8.43 Kansas .............: 8.05 8.31 8.18 Kentucky ...........: 8.74 9.00 8.99 Louisiana ..........: 8.52 8.52 (D) Michigan ...........: 8.70 8.94 8.90 Minnesota ..........: 8.57 7.82 7.40 Mississippi ........: (D) 8.69 (D) : Missouri ...........: 8.61 8.87 8.80 Nebraska ...........: 8.25 8.33 8.23 North Carolina .....: (D) 8.94 8.73 North Dakota .......: 7.83 7.83 7.67 Ohio ...............: 8.66 9.30 9.11 South Dakota .......: 8.10 8.26 8.13 Tennessee ..........: 8.64 8.98 8.99 Wisconsin ..........: 8.61 8.45 8.30 : United States ......: 8.52 8.59 8.46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: 66.20 (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 22.60 (D) 36.10 Idaho ..............: 24.20 30.30 (D) Michigan ...........: (D) 37.60 37.40 Minnesota ..........: (D) 36.40 38.20 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 21.40 34.50 35.90 : United States ......: 24.80 36.20 37.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.187 0.198 0.198 Arkansas ...........: (S) 0.209 (S) Florida ............: 0.196 0.198 0.195 Georgia ............: 0.194 0.196 0.197 Mississippi ........: 0.180 0.188 0.189 New Mexico .........: 0.226 (S) (S) North Carolina .....: (S) 0.214 0.222 Oklahoma ...........: 0.228 0.231 0.236 South Carolina .....: 0.189 0.212 0.209 Texas ..............: 0.233 0.278 0.331 Virginia ...........: (S) 0.220 0.214 : United States ......: 0.198 0.205 0.206 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (D) 19.50 Minnesota ..........: (D) 20.40 22.40 North Dakota .......: 18.40 19.80 21.10 South Dakota .......: 17.40 21.00 20.70 : United States ......: 17.80 20.20 20.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) 13.60 13.60 North Dakota .......: 15.80 15.80 15.60 Oklahoma ...........: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 15.80 15.80 15.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 10.10 10.40 10.70 : United States ......: 10.10 10.40 10.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March : February : March : March : February : March : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- -------- dollars per ton ------- : Alabama ............: 0.700 0.613 0.588 (NA) 157.00 (NA) Arizona ............: (D) (S) (S) (NA) 270.00 (NA) Arkansas ...........: (D) 0.626 (D) (NA) 150.00 (NA) California .........: (D) (S) (S) (NA) (D) (NA) Georgia ............: 0.707 0.612 0.558 (NA) 116.00 (NA) Louisiana ..........: (D) 0.613 (D) (NA) (S) (NA) Mississippi ........: (D) 0.625 (D) (NA) (S) (NA) North Carolina .....: 0.719 0.640 0.583 (NA) 130.00 (NA) Tennessee ..........: 0.680 0.601 0.594 (NA) (S) (NA) Texas ..............: 0.676 0.584 0.533 (NA) 151.00 (NA) : United States ......: 0.689 0.607 0.576 (NA) 210.00 (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.689 0.607 0.576 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 1,449 931 564 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 11.90 13.30 13.20 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 16,003 12,427 13,738 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 10.70 12.50 12.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 13,240 9,688 10,545 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.00 18.70 18.00 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.50 11.70 11.80 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 17.60 16.10 15.40 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 2,763 2,739 3,193 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March : February : March : March : February : March : March : February : March : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 209.00 200.00 200.00 210.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 California ...........: 215.00 189.00 200.00 225.00 200.00 200.00 185.00 150.00 145.00 Colorado .............: 235.00 230.00 225.00 240.00 230.00 225.00 220.00 230.00 225.00 Idaho ................: 160.00 153.00 149.00 160.00 155.00 150.00 160.00 140.00 140.00 Illinois .............: 167.00 162.00 173.00 175.00 175.00 185.00 140.00 120.00 125.00 Iowa .................: 149.00 115.00 111.00 150.00 119.00 116.00 145.00 101.00 94.00 Kansas ...............: 147.00 127.00 115.00 171.00 138.00 132.00 105.00 103.00 95.00 Kentucky .............: 166.00 147.00 152.00 220.00 205.00 205.00 150.00 130.00 130.00 Michigan .............: 164.00 168.00 157.00 175.00 185.00 175.00 135.00 135.00 120.00 Minnesota ............: 181.00 138.00 128.00 186.00 156.00 139.00 153.00 101.00 90.00 : Missouri .............: 133.00 116.00 118.00 160.00 150.00 155.00 125.00 110.00 110.00 Montana ..............: 147.00 141.00 135.00 150.00 140.00 135.00 135.00 145.00 135.00 Nebraska .............: 113.00 102.00 103.00 121.00 110.00 113.00 96.00 82.00 82.00 Nevada ...............: 180.00 185.00 179.00 180.00 185.00 180.00 180.00 170.00 175.00 New Mexico ...........: 242.00 215.00 220.00 260.00 220.00 220.00 165.00 190.00 190.00 New York .............: 147.00 174.00 169.00 166.00 200.00 243.00 146.00 165.00 145.00 North Dakota .........: 86.00 82.00 78.00 92.00 85.00 82.00 67.00 68.00 66.00 Ohio .................: 144.00 187.00 171.00 185.00 220.00 200.00 125.00 160.00 145.00 Oklahoma .............: 122.00 100.00 105.00 196.00 160.00 157.00 100.00 88.00 90.00 Oregon ...............: 190.00 189.00 186.00 190.00 200.00 195.00 190.00 175.00 160.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 200.00 183.00 168.00 230.00 229.00 265.00 192.00 171.00 157.00 South Dakota .........: 109.00 101.00 90.00 112.00 106.00 96.00 98.00 88.00 77.00 Texas ................: 153.00 141.00 140.00 212.00 184.00 187.00 132.00 133.00 130.00 Utah .................: 185.00 175.00 180.00 185.00 175.00 180.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Washington ...........: 183.00 184.00 189.00 180.00 195.00 200.00 190.00 160.00 165.00 Wisconsin ............: 188.00 176.00 174.00 203.00 184.00 180.00 152.00 145.00 153.00 Wyoming ..............: 171.00 170.00 179.00 175.00 180.00 185.00 145.00 140.00 145.00 : United States ........: 173.00 157.00 158.00 186.00 171.00 175.00 154.00 136.00 130.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 235.00 220.00 215.00 Idaho ..............: 170.00 170.00 170.00 Michigan ...........: 180.00 200.00 190.00 Minnesota ..........: 215.00 256.00 232.00 New York ...........: 212.00 256.00 256.00 Pennsylvania .......: 278.00 305.00 338.00 Texas ..............: 258.00 225.00 219.00 Wisconsin ..........: 247.00 264.00 260.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 213.00 210.00 205.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For February 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For March 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: March 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 31.10 14.69 21.49 11.77 11.44 18.81 8.28 : Lemons ..............................: 40.10 21.72 29.84 (D) 15.54 23.19 (D) : Oranges .............................: 28.50 14.68 18.31 13.06 11.70 15.47 10.01 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 30.30 11.63 19.64 7.17 9.08 17.37 4.47 : Lemons ..............................: 40.20 21.32 29.81 (D) 14.98 23.03 (D) : Oranges .............................: 27.30 12.69 16.90 9.85 9.65 14.01 6.71 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: March 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 31.50 12.26 21.12 6.32 9.73 18.85 3.61 : Lemons ..............................: 38.20 16.81 27.77 (D) 10.64 20.99 (D) : Oranges .............................: 26.80 12.98 16.43 11.69 9.97 13.54 8.64 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March 2019 : February 2020 : March 2020 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 16.80 3.71 17.90 3.80 17.10 3.75 California .........: 17.30 4.00 18.60 3.93 17.60 3.89 Colorado ...........: 17.80 3.84 19.20 3.91 18.60 3.86 Florida ............: 20.80 3.58 22.10 3.67 22.10 3.67 Georgia ............: 18.50 3.59 20.60 3.80 20.10 3.72 Idaho ..............: 17.00 4.02 17.90 4.09 17.30 4.04 Illinois ...........: 17.50 3.99 19.10 4.01 18.30 3.97 Indiana ............: 17.30 3.87 18.70 3.99 18.00 3.95 Iowa ...............: 17.80 4.03 19.90 4.11 19.00 4.06 Kansas .............: 16.60 4.00 17.70 4.06 16.40 4.05 : Michigan ...........: 16.50 3.89 17.70 3.89 16.60 3.85 Minnesota ..........: 17.80 4.14 19.80 4.17 18.20 4.07 New Mexico .........: 16.00 3.78 17.00 3.91 15.40 3.84 New York ...........: 18.30 3.96 19.10 3.98 18.50 3.95 Ohio ...............: 17.90 4.01 19.40 4.01 18.90 3.97 Oregon .............: 19.80 4.22 20.90 4.14 20.10 4.09 Pennsylvania .......: 18.50 3.92 19.40 3.98 18.90 3.96 South Dakota .......: 18.50 4.34 20.30 4.35 19.00 4.29 Texas ..............: 18.00 4.21 19.40 4.31 18.30 4.25 Utah ...............: 17.20 3.97 18.60 4.07 17.80 4.02 : Vermont ............: 18.70 4.03 19.60 3.99 19.00 3.96 Virginia ...........: 18.60 3.82 19.90 3.92 19.80 3.87 Washington .........: 18.10 4.22 18.90 4.14 18.00 4.09 Wisconsin ..........: 17.30 3.96 19.10 3.97 18.10 3.94 : United States ......: 17.60 3.99 18.90 4.01 18.00 3.96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: April 2020 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : April 2019 : January 2020 : April 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,300 1,450 1,350 California .........: 1,100 1,400 1,300 Colorado ...........: 1,200 1,300 1,250 Florida ............: 1,200 1,350 1,310 Georgia ............: 1,200 1,310 1,310 Idaho ..............: 1,200 1,350 1,250 Illinois ...........: 1,170 1,260 1,200 Indiana ............: 1,100 1,220 1,220 Iowa ...............: 1,090 1,200 1,170 Kansas .............: 1,300 1,400 1,350 : Michigan ...........: 1,180 1,260 1,300 Minnesota ..........: 1,060 1,140 1,100 New Mexico .........: 1,200 1,400 1,350 New York ...........: 1,090 1,190 1,190 Ohio ...............: 1,000 1,200 1,170 Oregon .............: 1,200 1,300 1,150 Pennsylvania .......: 1,090 1,210 1,170 South Dakota .......: 1,170 1,280 1,230 Texas ..............: 1,250 1,400 1,350 Utah ...............: 1,100 1,250 1,150 : Vermont ............: 1,120 1,290 1,300 Virginia ...........: 980 1,160 1,160 Washington .........: 1,150 1,250 1,200 Wisconsin ..........: 1,130 1,260 1,250 : United States ......: 1,140 1,300 1,250 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price : March :February : March : March :February : March : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.558 17.10 16.60 16.60 30 29 29 Rice ....................cwt: 1.29 40.10 38.40 38.40 30 35 34 Corn .................bushel: 0.433 13.10 12.90 12.90 28 29 29 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.070 2.07 2.08 2.08 33 29 28 American Pima .......pound: 0.140 4.07 4.17 4.16 28 28 28 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.688 0.684 0.684 29 30 30 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.40 72.40 71.40 71.40 32 22 25 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.12 97.60 92.90 92.80 21 18 19 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.39 76.60 71.10 71.10 23 25 30 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.80 52.70 53.60 53.50 35 36 35 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.191 5.57 5.68 5.68 39 38 38 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.149 4.19 4.43 4.43 42 43 43 Mohair ................pound: 0.457 12.80 13.60 13.60 41 47 47 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.036 1.050 1.070 1.070 36 54 54 Barley ...............bushel: 0.495 15.10 14.70 14.70 32 32 33 Canola ..................cwt: 1.87 56.30 55.70 55.60 28 28 28 Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.50 605.00 580.00 580.00 29 36 36 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.11 95.80 92.60 92.50 26 39 40 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.09 32.60 32.40 32.40 31 32 33 Oats .................bushel: 0.290 8.62 8.63 8.62 31 32 34 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.07 33.20 31.80 31.80 34 46 50 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.736 22.20 21.90 21.90 26 27 27 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.06 32.60 31.50 31.50 26 27 27 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.07 62.90 61.60 61.60 28 33 33 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.837 22.10 24.90 24.90 52 36 39 Lemons ..................box: 1.87 56.00 55.70 55.60 28 27 19 Oranges .................box: 1.010 27.20 30.10 30.00 43 32 33 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.90 350.00 354.00 354.00 36 34 32 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.56 1.55 1.55 33 27 28 Calves ..................cwt: 17.30 509.00 515.00 515.00 33 33 31 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.101 3.05 3.01 3.00 23 29 46 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.72 170.00 170.00 170.00 27 27 28 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 1.980 1.960 1.960 27 33 34 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : March : February : March : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.422 12.20 12.60 12.60 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.15 98.80 93.70 93.70 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.64 81.10 78.60 78.50 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.628 18.80 18.70 18.70 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.19 67.00 65.20 65.10 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.75 51.80 52.10 52.00 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.01 62.00 59.80 59.80 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.187 5.54 5.57 5.56 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.257 7.60 7.65 7.64 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.184 5.42 5.48 5.47 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.173 5.12 5.15 5.15 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.229 6.82 6.82 6.81 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.201 5.87 5.98 5.98 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.30 605.00 604.00 604.00 Apricots : Fresh 3/ ..........................ton: 128.00 3,620.00 3,810.00 3,810.00 Dried (California) ................ton: 313.00 9,370.00 9,310.00 9,310.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 198.00 5,990.00 5,890.00 5,890.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 210.00 6,430.00 6,250.00 6,250.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.030 0.958 0.893 0.892 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.55 116.00 106.00 106.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 184.00 4,760.00 5,480.00 5,470.00 : Grapes (California) : Raisin variety 5/ .................ton: 147.00 4,400.00 4,370.00 4,370.00 Wine, processing ..................ton: 75.90 2,150.00 2,260.00 2,260.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 105.00 3,140.00 3,120.00 3,120.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 78.50 2,180.00 2,340.00 2,330.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 111.00 3,170.00 3,300.00 3,300.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : March : February : March : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.045 1.26 1.34 1.34 Peaches : Fresh 4/ 6/ ......................ton: 103.00 2,910.00 3,070.00 3,060.00 Dried (California) 1/ 5/ .........ton: 43.30 1,300.00 1,290.00 1,290.00 Processing, excludes dried : Clingstone (California) 4/ ....ton: 39.20 1,130.00 1,170.00 1,170.00 : Pears, Fresh 6/ ....................ton: 63.90 1,900.00 1,900.00 1,900.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 74.50 2,050.00 2,220.00 2,220.00 Prunes, dried (California) 1/ 2/ 5/ ton: 178.00 5,120.00 5,300.00 5,290.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 9.82 288.00 292.00 292.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.74 108.00 111.00 111.00 Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 4.91 153.00 146.00 146.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.50 105.00 104.00 104.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.253 7.24 7.53 7.52 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 237.00 7,060.00 7,050.00 7,050.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.244 7.12 7.26 7.26 Walnuts ............................ton: 236.00 7,090.00 7,020.00 7,020.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.82 83.50 83.90 83.90 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.66 137.00 139.00 139.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 2.05 59.30 61.00 61.00 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.04 60.50 60.70 60.70 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.52 72.70 75.00 74.90 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.41 42.20 42.00 41.90 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.01 121.00 119.00 119.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Broilers: December 1, previous year through November 30 for the United States. Eggs: December 1, previous year to November 30 for the United States. Milk: January 1 to December 31 for the United States. Turkeys: January 1 to December 31 for the United States. Prices Received for Broilers by Month - United States: 2014-2019 [Live weight equivalent price] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2014 ...: 0.560 0.570 0.550 0.650 0.680 0.730 2015 ...: 0.580 0.600 0.540 0.590 0.640 0.650 2016 ...: 0.470 0.500 0.460 0.480 0.510 0.560 2017 ...: 0.480 0.490 0.480 0.550 0.570 0.660 2018 ...: 0.500 0.530 0.520 0.600 0.650 0.720 2019 ...: 0.510 0.560 0.490 0.510 0.550 0.570 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2014 ...: 0.700 0.660 0.600 0.660 0.650 0.630 2015 ...: 0.620 0.510 0.470 0.430 0.410 0.420 2016 ...: 0.570 0.510 0.440 0.420 0.370 0.440 2017 ...: 0.660 0.620 0.540 0.510 0.480 0.490 2018 ...: 0.730 0.670 0.490 0.460 0.460 0.490 2019 ...: 0.540 0.487 0.421 0.391 0.410 0.403 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for Turkeys by Month - United States: 2014-2019 [Live weight equivalent price] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2014 ...: 0.645 0.664 0.683 0.687 0.726 0.728 2015 ...: 0.662 0.669 0.683 0.702 0.759 0.812 2016 ...: 0.789 0.794 0.789 0.832 0.831 0.865 2017 ...: 0.689 0.672 0.690 0.666 0.686 0.658 2018 ...: 0.508 0.506 0.499 0.500 0.498 0.508 2019 ...: 0.509 0.528 0.532 0.556 0.533 0.561 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2014 ...: 0.740 0.756 0.775 0.822 0.821 0.734 2015 ...: 0.848 0.897 0.925 0.971 0.922 0.886 2016 ...: 0.866 0.843 0.878 0.852 0.815 0.744 2017 ...: 0.678 0.647 0.623 0.627 0.577 0.529 2018 ...: 0.519 0.517 0.531 0.511 0.530 0.498 2019 ...: 0.576 0.592 0.622 0.639 0.671 0.624 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Eggs by Month - United States: 2014-2019 [Includes hatching and market eggs. 2014-2017 are mid-month prices, starting in 2018 prices are full month] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2014 ...: 1.370 1.110 1.400 1.230 1.270 1.170 2015 ...: 1.750 1.240 1.290 1.540 1.080 1.730 2016 ...: 1.240 1.180 1.080 0.970 0.680 0.552 2017 ...: 1.210 0.813 0.621 0.783 0.629 0.615 2018 ...: 1.330 1.150 1.260 2.010 1.190 0.848 2019 ...: 1.150 0.999 0.920 0.866 0.633 0.475 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2014 ...: 1.090 1.240 1.070 1.040 1.140 1.510 2015 ...: 2.000 1.900 2.390 1.890 1.430 2.000 2016 ...: 0.541 0.651 0.654 0.604 0.513 0.591 2017 ...: 0.631 0.819 0.744 1.090 0.895 1.380 2018 ...: 1.030 1.090 1.090 0.929 0.909 1.130 2019 ...: 0.714 0.511 0.891 0.680 0.663 1.280 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month - United States: 2014-2019 [2014-2017 are mid-month prices, starting in 2018 prices are full month] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2014 ...: 1.210 0.906 1.230 1.040 1.090 0.970 2015 ...: 1.650 1.060 1.110 1.410 0.870 1.610 2016 ...: 1.040 0.969 0.850 0.731 0.391 0.242 2017 ...: 1.020 0.572 0.371 0.555 0.376 0.358 2018 ...: 1.180 0.960 1.090 1.940 1.000 0.614 2019 ...: 0.970 0.791 0.696 0.639 0.373 0.187 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2014 ...: 0.873 1.050 0.861 0.824 0.934 1.370 2015 ...: 1.920 1.810 2.380 1.800 1.260 1.930 2016 ...: 0.231 0.361 0.369 0.316 0.215 0.308 2017 ...: 0.375 0.589 0.504 0.900 0.680 1.230 2018 ...: 0.816 0.888 0.890 0.710 0.690 0.945 2019 ...: 0.452 0.224 0.659 0.425 0.407 1.110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 15.10 14.40 14.50 14.80 15.50 16.00 California ...: 15.24 14.85 15.15 14.68 15.55 15.74 Colorado .....: 16.70 15.90 16.00 16.20 16.60 16.80 Florida ......: 20.40 19.20 18.70 19.10 19.60 20.40 Georgia ......: 17.70 15.40 15.00 16.20 16.70 17.10 Idaho ........: 15.20 14.90 15.50 15.30 16.00 15.70 Illinois .....: 16.70 15.60 15.90 16.30 16.50 16.10 Indiana ......: 16.10 14.90 15.10 15.30 15.50 15.50 Iowa .........: 16.40 15.70 16.10 16.30 16.80 16.20 Kansas .......: 16.10 14.60 14.90 15.10 15.20 15.30 : Michigan .....: 14.90 13.80 14.10 14.50 14.80 14.80 Minnesota ....: 16.20 16.00 16.30 16.60 16.90 16.30 New Mexico ...: 15.60 14.00 14.20 14.30 14.80 14.90 New York .....: 16.70 15.60 15.80 16.10 16.40 16.90 Ohio .........: 16.80 15.70 15.80 16.10 16.10 16.10 Oregon .......: 18.10 17.60 18.10 18.40 19.20 19.10 Pennsylvania .: 17.00 15.90 16.00 16.40 16.70 17.00 South Dakota .: 17.00 16.60 17.00 17.30 17.60 17.00 Texas ........: 17.60 16.20 16.40 16.50 17.00 17.00 Utah .........: 16.20 15.10 15.70 15.80 16.20 16.10 : Vermont ......: 17.00 15.90 16.20 16.70 17.00 17.40 Virginia .....: 18.30 16.50 16.10 16.80 17.20 17.60 Washington ...: 16.70 15.90 15.80 16.10 16.90 17.10 Wisconsin ....: 16.40 15.60 16.20 16.50 16.80 16.50 : United States : 16.20 15.30 15.60 15.80 16.20 16.30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 15.40 15.50 16.20 16.80 16.40 16.00 California ...: 15.14 15.85 16.56 17.04 17.21 16.53 Colorado .....: 16.00 16.40 17.30 18.20 17.60 17.10 Florida ......: 20.10 19.50 19.90 21.40 20.80 20.10 Georgia ......: 17.30 17.00 17.50 19.20 18.60 17.60 Idaho ........: 14.90 15.90 16.40 16.80 16.30 16.00 Illinois .....: 15.60 16.10 17.20 17.90 17.50 16.70 Indiana ......: 14.70 15.20 16.00 17.20 17.20 16.60 Iowa .........: 15.40 16.50 17.40 18.00 16.90 16.50 Kansas .......: 14.50 14.90 15.80 16.60 16.00 15.20 : Michigan .....: 14.20 14.60 15.40 16.50 16.10 15.60 Minnesota ....: 15.40 16.60 17.70 17.50 16.70 16.20 New Mexico ...: 14.10 14.40 15.10 15.70 15.30 14.70 New York .....: 16.10 16.40 17.10 18.10 17.80 17.40 Ohio .........: 15.50 15.80 16.40 17.50 17.50 17.20 Oregon .......: 17.90 18.10 19.50 19.90 19.60 19.00 Pennsylvania .: 16.20 16.40 17.10 18.10 18.00 17.60 South Dakota .: 16.20 17.10 18.30 18.70 17.60 17.00 Texas ........: 16.10 16.50 17.30 18.10 17.60 16.80 Utah .........: 15.30 15.80 16.80 17.50 16.80 16.30 : Vermont ......: 16.50 16.70 17.50 18.50 18.20 17.80 Virginia .....: 17.40 17.10 17.50 19.20 19.00 18.10 Washington ...: 16.30 16.40 17.40 18.30 17.80 17.40 Wisconsin ....: 15.40 16.30 17.50 17.80 17.00 16.20 : United States : 15.50 16.10 16.90 17.50 17.20 16.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 16.30 16.50 16.80 16.90 17.40 17.80 California ...: 16.30 16.50 17.30 17.40 17.80 18.10 Colorado .....: 17.10 17.20 17.80 18.00 18.40 18.30 Florida ......: 20.30 20.50 20.80 20.80 21.40 22.00 Georgia ......: 18.20 18.50 18.50 18.70 19.30 19.40 Idaho ........: 15.70 16.10 17.00 17.20 17.40 17.40 Illinois .....: 16.80 16.90 17.50 17.90 18.10 18.00 Indiana ......: 16.70 16.80 17.30 17.30 17.60 17.60 Iowa .........: 16.50 16.90 17.80 18.20 18.60 18.40 Kansas .......: 15.60 15.70 16.60 16.50 16.80 17.20 : Michigan .....: 15.70 15.80 16.50 16.40 16.80 16.90 Minnesota ....: 16.30 16.70 17.80 18.30 18.50 18.30 New Mexico ...: 15.00 15.00 16.00 16.10 16.50 16.60 New York .....: 17.50 17.70 18.30 18.20 18.40 18.60 Ohio .........: 17.30 17.40 17.90 17.70 18.00 18.10 Oregon .......: 18.70 18.80 19.80 20.20 20.50 20.60 Pennsylvania .: 17.80 18.00 18.50 18.40 18.70 18.90 South Dakota .: 17.20 17.60 18.50 19.10 19.40 19.10 Texas ........: 17.00 17.10 18.00 18.10 18.40 18.60 Utah .........: 16.30 16.30 17.20 17.40 17.60 17.90 : Vermont ......: 17.90 18.10 18.70 18.50 18.80 19.00 Virginia .....: 18.40 18.60 18.60 18.40 18.80 19.10 Washington ...: 17.40 17.60 18.10 18.00 18.30 18.50 Wisconsin ....: 16.30 16.40 17.30 17.90 18.20 17.90 : United States : 16.60 16.80 17.60 17.70 18.00 18.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 18.40 18.60 18.70 18.90 19.40 19.70 California ...: 18.60 18.70 18.60 18.90 19.50 19.80 Colorado .....: 18.80 19.10 19.40 20.00 20.30 20.60 Florida ......: 22.20 23.10 22.50 22.70 23.10 23.80 Georgia ......: 20.10 21.10 20.70 21.00 21.50 21.90 Idaho ........: 18.20 18.30 19.10 20.90 21.70 20.30 Illinois .....: 18.80 19.20 19.70 20.30 21.60 21.20 Indiana ......: 18.00 18.50 18.80 19.50 20.30 20.40 Iowa .........: 19.10 19.30 20.40 21.40 23.30 22.40 Kansas .......: 17.40 17.50 18.10 19.10 20.20 19.50 : Michigan .....: 17.30 17.60 17.90 18.50 19.20 19.40 Minnesota ....: 19.20 19.50 20.60 21.70 23.20 22.10 New Mexico ...: 17.20 16.90 17.40 18.40 19.90 19.30 New York .....: 18.80 19.10 19.40 19.70 20.50 20.50 Ohio .........: 18.40 18.80 19.30 20.00 20.70 21.00 Oregon .......: 21.50 21.50 22.10 23.30 24.60 23.60 Pennsylvania .: 19.20 19.60 19.80 20.20 21.10 21.10 South Dakota .: 19.80 20.20 21.30 22.40 24.10 22.70 Texas ........: 19.10 19.30 19.30 21.00 22.10 21.30 Utah .........: 18.20 18.60 19.10 20.40 21.70 21.30 : Vermont ......: 19.20 19.50 19.70 20.00 20.90 20.80 Virginia .....: 19.50 20.30 20.10 20.40 21.20 21.60 Washington ...: 19.10 19.20 19.10 19.90 20.70 20.50 Wisconsin ....: 18.80 19.10 19.90 20.70 22.50 21.40 : United States : 18.70 18.90 19.30 20.00 21.10 20.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.70 3.69 3.68 3.62 3.61 3.60 California ...: 3.99 3.96 3.94 3.75 3.89 3.79 Colorado .....: 3.82 3.81 3.75 3.72 3.65 3.58 Florida ......: 3.77 3.69 3.65 3.61 3.59 3.61 Georgia ......: 3.71 3.62 3.58 3.69 3.65 3.59 Idaho ........: 4.05 4.01 4.05 3.97 3.85 3.83 Illinois .....: 4.00 3.96 3.93 3.91 3.80 3.74 Indiana ......: 3.93 3.84 3.83 3.83 3.70 3.62 Iowa .........: 4.06 4.02 3.97 3.98 3.86 3.77 Kansas .......: 3.99 3.94 3.89 3.87 3.73 3.69 : Michigan .....: 3.93 3.87 3.83 3.86 3.78 3.70 Minnesota ....: 4.05 4.02 3.98 3.99 3.87 3.80 New Mexico ...: 3.83 3.77 3.71 3.66 3.60 3.56 New York .....: 3.97 3.91 3.91 3.90 3.80 3.74 Ohio .........: 4.06 3.96 3.94 3.92 3.80 3.71 Oregon .......: 4.17 4.16 4.04 3.99 3.97 3.93 Pennsylvania .: 3.95 3.87 3.87 3.84 3.73 3.68 South Dakota .: 4.27 4.27 4.21 4.22 4.11 3.97 Texas ........: 4.24 4.20 4.11 4.07 3.97 3.91 Utah .........: 3.97 3.96 3.92 3.84 3.77 3.70 : Vermont ......: 3.99 3.95 3.93 3.95 3.87 3.79 Virginia .....: 3.93 3.83 3.82 3.79 3.69 3.65 Washington ...: 4.17 4.16 4.04 3.99 3.97 3.93 Wisconsin ....: 3.99 3.96 3.93 3.94 3.83 3.74 : United States : 4.00 3.95 3.92 3.87 3.82 3.76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.60 3.57 3.60 3.72 3.79 3.78 California ...: 3.78 3.79 3.89 3.98 4.03 4.04 Colorado .....: 3.57 3.63 3.69 3.85 3.87 3.89 Florida ......: 3.65 3.69 3.71 3.69 3.71 3.71 Georgia ......: 3.59 3.57 3.59 3.61 3.75 3.77 Idaho ........: 3.80 3.79 3.93 4.06 4.13 4.13 Illinois .....: 3.72 3.75 3.83 3.99 4.05 4.03 Indiana ......: 3.60 3.63 3.67 3.80 3.97 3.96 Iowa .........: 3.77 3.81 3.88 4.04 4.09 4.06 Kansas .......: 3.70 3.73 3.76 3.96 4.06 4.04 : Michigan .....: 3.68 3.69 3.73 3.85 3.94 3.95 Minnesota ....: 3.80 3.85 3.95 4.15 4.19 4.12 New Mexico ...: 3.56 3.60 3.65 3.77 3.88 3.87 New York .....: 3.70 3.71 3.76 3.89 4.01 4.01 Ohio .........: 3.70 3.75 3.77 3.91 4.06 4.07 Oregon .......: 3.94 3.86 4.00 4.19 4.24 4.25 Pennsylvania .: 3.65 3.67 3.71 3.85 3.97 3.98 South Dakota .: 3.96 3.99 4.09 4.30 4.37 4.35 Texas ........: 3.91 3.95 4.04 4.24 4.35 4.32 Utah .........: 3.68 3.73 3.82 3.96 4.04 4.07 : Vermont ......: 3.73 3.75 3.81 3.96 4.06 4.06 Virginia .....: 3.64 3.67 3.70 3.78 3.94 3.95 Washington ...: 3.94 3.86 4.00 4.19 4.24 4.25 Wisconsin ....: 3.71 3.73 3.82 3.98 4.04 4.01 : United States : 3.74 3.76 3.84 3.97 4.05 4.04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.80 3.78 3.71 3.67 3.65 3.68 California ...: 4.03 4.03 4.00 3.84 3.79 3.84 Colorado .....: 3.87 3.87 3.84 3.78 3.76 3.68 Florida ......: 3.66 3.63 3.58 3.60 3.57 3.59 Georgia ......: 3.72 3.64 3.59 3.59 3.60 3.58 Idaho ........: 4.10 4.07 4.02 3.94 3.86 3.82 Illinois .....: 4.02 4.02 3.99 3.91 3.87 3.81 Indiana ......: 3.93 3.92 3.87 3.82 3.76 3.68 Iowa .........: 4.05 4.08 4.03 3.93 3.95 3.84 Kansas .......: 4.02 4.01 4.00 3.87 3.87 3.83 : Michigan .....: 3.91 3.94 3.89 3.84 3.77 3.70 Minnesota ....: 4.13 4.15 4.14 4.03 3.99 3.89 New Mexico ...: 3.84 3.80 3.78 3.71 3.69 3.65 New York .....: 3.99 3.98 3.96 3.90 3.84 3.78 Ohio .........: 4.05 4.05 4.01 3.91 3.84 3.79 Oregon .......: 4.20 4.23 4.22 4.07 4.00 3.95 Pennsylvania .: 3.94 3.94 3.92 3.84 3.77 3.73 South Dakota .: 4.33 4.38 4.34 4.24 4.21 4.07 Texas ........: 4.30 4.25 4.21 4.12 4.09 4.03 Utah .........: 4.02 4.00 3.97 3.89 3.84 3.80 : Vermont ......: 4.04 4.05 4.03 3.98 3.93 3.86 Virginia .....: 3.89 3.85 3.82 3.74 3.66 3.63 Washington ...: 4.20 4.23 4.22 4.07 4.00 3.95 Wisconsin ....: 3.98 3.99 3.96 3.89 3.85 3.78 : United States : 4.02 4.02 3.99 3.89 3.85 3.81 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.69 3.66 3.69 3.77 3.84 3.91 California ...: 3.71 3.71 3.78 3.92 3.95 3.98 Colorado .....: 3.65 3.65 3.76 3.94 3.99 3.96 Florida ......: 3.62 3.68 3.72 3.75 3.76 3.74 Georgia ......: 3.59 3.63 3.66 3.70 3.81 3.83 Idaho ........: 3.78 3.82 3.94 4.18 4.13 4.18 Illinois .....: 3.78 3.78 3.86 3.99 4.11 4.10 Indiana ......: 3.66 3.68 3.73 3.81 3.98 3.97 Iowa .........: 3.80 3.83 3.91 4.07 4.15 4.10 Kansas .......: 3.78 3.83 3.87 4.04 4.14 4.12 : Michigan .....: 3.69 3.65 3.77 3.84 3.99 3.96 Minnesota ....: 3.85 3.91 4.01 4.16 4.22 4.19 New Mexico ...: 3.63 3.64 3.69 3.85 4.02 4.00 New York .....: 3.73 3.74 3.84 3.94 4.02 4.02 Ohio .........: 3.75 3.77 3.82 3.91 4.08 4.07 Oregon .......: 3.94 3.96 3.94 4.13 4.20 4.19 Pennsylvania .: 3.68 3.71 3.81 3.94 4.02 4.02 South Dakota .: 4.01 4.06 4.16 4.35 4.44 4.39 Texas ........: 3.99 4.02 4.06 4.24 4.41 4.36 : Utah .........: 3.75 3.76 3.88 4.07 4.12 4.13 Vermont ......: 3.78 3.80 3.89 3.96 4.04 4.01 Virginia .....: 3.62 3.66 3.73 3.83 3.98 4.00 Washington ...: 3.94 3.96 3.94 4.13 4.20 4.19 Wisconsin ....: 3.72 3.77 3.86 3.96 4.05 4.00 : United States : 3.75 3.77 3.85 3.99 4.07 4.06 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjustment for Seasonal Variation - All Eggs and All Milk Base prices used in calculating parity prices are averages of prices received by farmers for ten years; therefore, any seasonal variation is largely averaged out. To facilitate comparisons with parity prices, monthly prices for All Eggs and All Milk are adjusted for seasonal variation. The seasonally adjusted price is calculated by dividing the monthly price by the adjustment factor. Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation, dollars per dozen State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 0.983 1.240 1.120 0.994 0.808 0.632 0.591 0.621 0.606 0.606 0.584 0.471 2017 ...: 0.969 0.786 0.645 0.750 0.748 0.754 0.765 0.849 0.717 1.080 1.040 1.090 2018 ...: 1.070 1.090 1.290 1.900 1.370 1.130 1.170 1.140 1.050 0.991 1.060 0.861 2019 ...: 0.965 0.939 0.875 0.699 0.717 0.658 0.855 0.530 0.867 0.730 0.773 0.978 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 37 42 38 33 27 21 20 21 21 21 20 16 2017 ...: 33 27 22 26 25 26 26 29 24 37 35 37 2018 ...: 36 37 43 64 46 38 39 38 35 33 35 29 2019 ...: 32 31 29 23 23 22 28 17 29 24 25 32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonal price adjustment factors, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 126 95 97 97 84 87 91 105 107 99 87 125 2017 ...: 125 101 97 104 85 82 83 97 104 101 87 126 2018 ...: 124 105 98 106 87 75 88 96 104 94 86 131 2019 ...: 121 108 105 124 89 72 84 97 103 93 86 132 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation, dollars per cwt State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 16.90 16.40 16.40 16.00 15.60 15.20 15.40 16.50 17.20 16.70 15.60 16.50 2017 ...: 18.10 19.10 18.90 18.00 17.10 17.80 18.20 17.70 17.90 17.00 16.90 17.00 2018 ...: 16.50 16.00 15.60 16.30 16.40 17.00 16.90 15.90 16.00 16.20 16.40 16.10 2019 ...: 16.10 17.00 17.40 18.30 18.50 18.80 18.70 19.10 18.70 18.50 18.80 19.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 33 31 32 31 30 29 29 32 33 33 31 32 2017 ...: 35 37 36 35 33 34 35 34 35 33 32 32 2018 ...: 31 31 30 31 31 32 32 31 31 31 31 31 2019 ...: 31 33 33 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 36 38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2016-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonal price adjustment factors, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 ...: 102 98 96 96 97 95 96 97 100 104 107 108 2017 ...: 105 99 98 96 96 94 95 97 101 105 107 107 2018 ...: 105 101 98 96 96 95 97 97 101 104 107 107 2019 ...: 103 98 96 96 96 96 97 98 101 104 106 106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also the modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. March Prices Paid by Farmers The March Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 109.9, is down 0.9 percent from February 2020 and 0.7 percent from March 2019. Production: The March index, at 105.8, is down 1.2 percent from February and 1.7 percent from last year. Lower prices for feeder cattle, LP gas, feeder pigs, and field crops more than offset higher prices for potash and phosphate, mixed fertilizer, nitrogen, and supplements. Feed: At 103.0, the March index decreased 0.4 percent from February but increased 0.3 percent from last March. Since February, lower prices for complete feeds, feed grains, hay and forages, and concentrates more than offset higher prices for supplements. Livestock and poultry: The March index, at 98.6, decreased 5.9 percent from February and 7.2 percent from last year. Since February, prices are lower for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The March feeder cattle price, at $136.00 per cwt, is down $9.00 per cwt from February. Feeder pigs March price, at $127.00 per cwt, is down $18.00 per cwt from February. Fertilizer: The index for March, at 71.8, is up 2.3 percent from February and 2.4 percent from a year ago. Since February, prices are higher for potash and phosphate, mixed fertilizer, and nitrogen. Chemicals: The March index, at 97.9, is down 0.6 percent from February and 4.3 percent from last March. Fuels: At 68.0, the March index is down 9.7 percent from February and 4.8 percent from March 2019. Compared with February, prices are lower for LP gas, diesel, and gasoline. Machinery: The index for March, at 123.3, decreased 0.2 percent from February and 1.4 percent from last March. Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery and tractors but lower for self- propelled machinery. Consumer Price Index: The March 2020 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 1.5 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 258.115 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index decreased 0.2 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : March : February : March : March : February : March Ratios : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 2997 3000 2974 110.7 110.9 109.9 Production ....................: 2239 2229 2202 107.6 107.1 105.8 Feed ........................: 1132 1140 1135 102.7 103.4 103.0 Livestock and poultry .......: 2098 2069 1946 106.3 104.8 98.6 Seeds .......................: 3800 3800 3723 115.6 115.6 113.3 Fertilizer ..................: 844 845 864 70.1 70.2 71.8 Chemicals ...................: 918 884 879 102.3 98.5 97.9 Fuels .......................: 1996 2107 1903 71.4 75.3 68.0 Supplies and repairs ........: 1348 1362 1362 114.3 115.5 115.5 : Autos and trucks ............: 3276 3275 3261 106.6 106.6 106.1 Machinery ...................: 7640 7553 7535 125.0 123.6 123.3 Building materials ..........: 2746 2761 2776 118.0 118.7 119.3 Services and rent ...........: 2472 2478 2475 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.3 116.0 115.8 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.5 117.8 117.8 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4205 4307 4307 115.3 118.1 118.1 Taxes 2/ ......................: 7000 7095 7095 117.9 119.5 119.5 Wage rates ....................: 9574 9612 9612 133.7 134.2 134.2 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2415 2457 2452 113.0 115.0 114.8 : Production, interest, taxes, ....: and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3112 3107 3076 110.4 110.2 109.1 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 84 81 85 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 32 31 32 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 34 32 33 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1686 1707 1702 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 111.6 111.7 111.2 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 109.8 110.0 108.5 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 106.5 106.2 103.4 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.2 107.6 107.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : : March :February : March : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 73.2 72.9 107.6 107.1 105.8 : Feed ......................: 12.8 13.3 102.7 103.4 103.0 Feed grains .............: 1.8 1.9 60.9 63.1 62.1 Complete feeds ..........: 6.3 6.5 106.3 109.5 109.1 Hay and forages .........: 1.6 1.7 114.8 103.7 103.2 Concentrates ............: 2.0 2.1 113.8 116.0 115.6 Supplements .............: 1.1 1.1 114.3 112.4 113.3 Livestock and poultry .....: 8.8 9.2 106.3 104.8 98.6 Feeder cattle ...........: 6.8 7.2 105.8 105.6 99.0 Feeder pigs .............: 0.7 0.7 132.1 103.6 90.7 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.7 80.3 91.5 91.5 Poultry .................: 0.5 0.6 113.1 113.1 113.1 : Seeds .....................: 5.4 5.1 115.6 115.6 113.3 Field crops .............: 4.9 4.6 114.0 114.0 112.0 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 131.8 131.8 125.4 Fertilizer ................: 5.0 5.1 70.1 70.2 71.8 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.2 2.2 71.1 70.4 71.5 Nitrogen ................: 2.1 2.1 70.8 72.5 73.5 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.7 0.7 65.1 63.0 67.4 Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.5 102.3 98.5 97.9 Herbicides ..............: 2.2 2.2 102.9 100.1 99.6 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 102.3 93.2 92.2 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 99.5 99.9 99.7 : Fuels .....................: 2.8 3.2 71.4 75.3 68.0 Diesel ..................: 1.8 2.0 70.8 70.8 66.7 Gasoline ................: 0.6 0.7 70.7 74.7 69.2 LP gas ..................: 0.5 0.5 74.4 93.0 71.6 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.6 4.6 114.3 115.5 115.5 Supplies ................: 1.5 1.5 114.8 116.4 116.6 Repairs .................: 3.1 3.0 114.0 115.0 114.9 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.3 1.2 106.6 106.6 106.1 Autos ...................: 0.2 0.2 100.9 101.4 100.9 Trucks ..................: 1.1 1.1 107.5 107.3 106.9 : Machinery .................: 5.3 4.7 125.0 123.6 123.3 Tractors ................: 1.2 1.0 109.3 111.8 112.0 Self-propelled ..........: 2.1 1.9 131.0 127.5 126.4 Other machinery .........: 2.0 1.8 127.8 126.3 126.5 Building materials ........: 4.1 4.0 118.0 118.7 119.3 Services ..................: 11.7 11.9 116.3 116.0 115.8 Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.2 118.4 118.4 118.4 Other services ..........: 10.5 10.7 116.1 115.8 115.5 Rent ......................: 7.8 7.1 116.5 117.8 117.8 Cash ....................: 4.2 3.8 123.3 124.7 124.7 Share ...................: 3.6 3.3 108.6 109.7 109.7 : Interest ....................: 2.6 2.6 115.3 118.1 118.1 Taxes .......................: 3.2 3.1 117.9 119.5 119.5 Wage rates ..................: 7.2 7.4 133.7 134.2 134.2 Family living-CPI ...........: 13.9 14.0 113.0 115.0 114.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ : March 2019 :February 2020 : March 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.3 4.2 4.4 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 7.6 7.4 18.7 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 12.9 12.0 13.0 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.14 2.34 2.23 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 35.7 32.3 31.0 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 5.9 7.0 7.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2019 :February 2020 : March 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.510 0.419 0.430 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.639 0.640 1.58 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 46.50 45.50 47.70 Milk, all .......................cwt: 17.60 18.90 18.00 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 129.00 122.00 114.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.532 0.644 0.664 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.61 3.78 3.68 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 186.00 171.00 175.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 8.52 8.59 8.46 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 5.19 4.88 4.86 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: March 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2019 :February 2020 : March 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 145.00 145.00 136.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 185.00 145.00 127.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. Information Contacts General Herman Ellison, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch................................. (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-2127 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Chris Hawthorn - Peanuts, Rice......................................................................... (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Weather............................................................................ (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Chris Singh - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum......................................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower, Barley.......................... (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables, and Special Crops Section................................. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.......................................................................... (202) 720-4288 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................................. ....... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons -Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries........................................................................................... ........ (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelon ........................... (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Dry beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................................................. (202) 720-2157 Dawn Smoker - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans................................................................. ....... (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 720-0585 Heidi Lanouette - Cattle and Cattle on Feed............................................................ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Tony Dorn, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................... (202) 690-3223 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 720-3244 Kim Linonis - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Adam Peters - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3237 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Herman Ellison, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch................................. (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Eric Barnes - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 690-3225 Kuan Chen - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-3347 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df