Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released April 28, 2023, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). March Prices Received Index Up 1.3 Percent The March Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 128.4, increased 1.3 percent from February and 1.0 percent from March 2022. At 118.9, the Crop Production Index was down 1.5 percent from last month and 1.4 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 138.3, increased 3.8 percent from February and 3.3 percent from March last year. Producers received higher prices during March for broilers, cattle, market eggs, and hogs but lower prices for corn, milk, oranges, and soybeans. In addition to prices, the volume change of commodities marketed also influences the indexes. In March, there was increased monthly movement for strawberries, cattle, milk, and broilers and decreased marketing of soybeans, apples, cotton, and hay. March Prices Paid Index Unchanged The March Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 139.8, is unchanged from February 2023 but up 3.6 percent from March 2022. Lower prices in March for nitrogen, other services, complete feeds, and diesel offset higher prices for feeder cattle, repairs, feeder pigs, and other machinery. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : March : February : March Index Group : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 127.1 126.7 128.4 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 135.0 139.8 139.8 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 94 91 91 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................. 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons............................ 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons....................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2022 and 2023............. 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2022 and 2023................. 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................... 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2023 with Comparisons.......... 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2023 with Comparisons............... 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons...................... 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons................... 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................... 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons................... 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons........................... 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons..................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons................. 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................... 12 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................. 13 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons........................... 13 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons....................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons......................... 15 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons....................... 15 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons............. 15 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons...................... 15 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons... 16 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons..... 16 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.................... 17 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: March 2023................. 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: March 2022.................... 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: February 2023................. 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: March 2023.................... 18 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons....................... 19 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons...................... 19 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.. 20 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons....................................... 21 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities................................................................... 23 Prices Received for Broilers by Month - United States: 2017-2022........................................... 23 Prices Received for Turkeys by Month - United States: 2017-2022............................................ 24 Prices Received for All Eggs by Month - United States: 2017-2022........................................... 25 Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month - United States: 2017-2022........................................ 25 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2021...................... 26 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2022...................... 27 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2021............. 28 Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2022............. 29 Adjustment for Seasonal Variation - All Eggs and All Milk.................................................. 30 Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2019-2022........... 30 Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2019-2022........... 30 Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2019-2022........................ 30 Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2019-2022........... 31 Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2019-2022........... 31 Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2019-2022........................ 31 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates................................................................... 32 Prices Paid by Farmers..................................................................................... 33 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons................. 34 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons............................................................................. 35 Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons............................................. 36 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons........... 36 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons.............................. 36 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates....................................................................... 37 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 38 March Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The March index, at 118.9, is 1.5 percent lower than February and 1.4 percent lower than March 2022. The grain & oilseed, fruit & tree nut, and vegetable & melon index decreases more than offset the other crop index increases. Grain and oilseed: The March index, at 114.6, is down 1.8 percent from February and 1.3 percent from March 2022. Feed grain: The March index, at 111.2, decreased 1.9 percent from last month but increased 1.6 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $6.67 per bushel, is down 13 cents from last month but up 11 cents from March 2022. Food grain: At 119.0, the index for March decreased 1.2 percent from the previous month and 6.9 percent from a year ago. The March price for all wheat, at $8.34 per bushel, is 19 cents lower than February and $1.59 lower than March 2022. The March price for rice, at $18.40 per cwt, is 10 cents lower than February but $2.70 higher than March 2022. Oilseed: At 118.6, the index for March decreased 1.6 percent from February and 3.5 percent from March 2022. The soybean price, at $14.90 per bushel, is 20 cents lower than February and 50 cents lower than March a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The March index, at 135.9, is down 3.6 percent from February but up 10 percent from a year earlier. Price decreases during March for oranges, apples, strawberries, and grapefruit more than offset price increases for lemons. Vegetable and melon: At 147.6, the index for March decreased 4.8 percent from the previous month and 15 percent from March 2022. Price declines during March for lettuce, cauliflower, onions, and sweet corn more than offset price increases for broccoli and potatoes. Other crop: The March index, at 112.8, is up 1.6 percent from the previous month but down 0.4 percent from March 2022. The all hay price, at $231.00 per ton, is unchanged from February but $33.00 higher than March 2022. At 80.3 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 0.5 cents higher than February but 23.7 cents lower than March 2022. Livestock production: The index for March, at 138.3, increased 3.8 percent from the previous month and 3.3 percent from March a year earlier. Meat animal and poultry & egg index increases more than offset the lower dairy index. Meat animal: At 129.3, the March index increased 4.0 percent from the previous month and 8.1 percent from a year earlier. The March beef cattle price of $164.00 per cwt is $6.00 higher than the previous month and $25.00 higher than March 2022. At $61.70 per cwt, the March hog price is $2.10 higher than February but $13.40 lower than a year earlier. Dairy: The index for March, at 105.0, is down 2.3 percent from the previous month and 18 percent from March a year ago. The March all milk price of $21.10 per cwt is 50 cents lower than February and $4.50 lower than March 2022. Poultry and egg: At 193.0, the March index increased 7.2 percent from February and 9.0 percent from March 2022. The March market egg price, at $2.68 per dozen, is 22.0 cents higher than February and $1.29 higher than March 2022. The March broiler price, at 77.0 cents per pound, is 6.2 cents higher than February but 11.5 cents lower than a year ago. At $1.18 per pound, the March turkey price is 1.0 cent higher than the previous month and 26.0 cents higher than March 2022. Food Commodities: The index, at 134.6, increased 1.8 percent from the previous month and 1.1 percent from March 2022. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : March : February : March Index Group : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 127.1 126.7 128.4 Crop production ..............: 120.6 120.7 118.9 Grain and oilseed ..........: 116.1 116.7 114.6 Feed grain ...............: 109.4 113.4 111.2 Food grain ...............: 127.8 120.4 119.0 Oilseed ..................: 122.9 120.5 118.6 Fruit and tree nut .........: 123.2 141.0 135.9 Vegetable and melon ........: 173.2 155.0 147.6 Other crop .................: 113.2 111.0 112.8 : Livestock production .........: 133.9 133.3 138.3 Meat animal ................: 119.6 124.3 129.3 Cattle ...................: 121.7 138.4 144.1 Hog ......................: 112.9 89.6 92.8 Dairy ......................: 127.4 107.5 105.0 Poultry and egg ............: 176.9 180.0 193.0 : Food commodity .................: 133.1 132.2 134.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : March : February : March Index Group : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 1311 1307 1325 Crop production ..............: 1052 1052 1037 Livestock production .........: 1554 1548 1606 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2022 and 2023 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 111.5 124.5 104.7 118.0 123.6 136.4 118.5 132.0 February ......: 119.6 126.7 114.2 120.7 125.6 133.3 125.0 132.2 March .........: 127.1 128.4 120.6 118.9 133.9 138.3 133.1 134.6 April .........: 133.6 122.4 144.8 139.3 May ...........: 134.5 123.2 145.6 140.2 June ..........: 134.7 125.8 144.5 139.9 July ..........: 134.0 124.5 146.2 139.1 August ........: 131.5 128.4 135.0 135.4 September .....: 131.2 126.8 136.6 135.4 October .......: 127.7 121.8 139.2 133.8 November ......: 133.5 127.0 143.6 145.3 December ......: 137.9 128.8 150.8 150.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2022 and 2023 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 131.0 139.9 129.1 139.1 133.4 140.6 128.5 139.1 February ......: 133.1 139.8 131.7 138.9 134.8 139.8 131.2 139.8 March .........: 135.0 139.8 134.1 138.8 136.7 139.3 133.3 140.3 April .........: 137.6 137.9 140.0 135.1 May ...........: 137.6 137.6 140.3 134.7 June ..........: 138.1 137.9 140.8 135.3 July ..........: 138.6 138.3 140.6 136.6 August ........: 139.3 139.2 140.8 137.7 September .....: 138.8 138.4 140.0 137.5 October .......: 138.6 138.0 140.0 137.1 November ......: 138.8 138.3 140.2 137.3 December ......: 138.6 138.1 139.6 137.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : March 2022 :February 2023 : March 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 5.69 7.65 7.48 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 6.12 6.64 6.13 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 5.59 7.77 7.63 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 49.10 39.60 41.30 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 39.20 30.70 30.90 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 38.60 34.20 33.20 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 38.60 36.20 34.50 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 (S) 28.10 28.80 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 6.56 6.80 6.67 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 1.040 0.798 0.803 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 (NA) 332.00 (NA) Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 28.90 16.20 14.80 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 198.00 231.00 231.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 228.00 266.00 267.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 155.00 172.00 171.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 38.50 40.00 36.10 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 5.89 4.02 4.22 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.250 0.272 0.269 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 14.70 16.70 17.00 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 15.70 18.50 18.40 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 14.00 17.30 17.20 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 25.50 26.40 28.20 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 12.60 12.10 11.70 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 15.40 15.10 14.90 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 33.90 30.80 26.90 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 9.93 8.53 8.34 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 9.50 8.33 8.25 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 15.30 9.34 9.13 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 9.86 8.70 8.33 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 9.51 8.74 8.68 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 8.82 7.77 7.63 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 9.88 8.78 8.37 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 9.71 7.79 7.48 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 11.55 18.05 17.14 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 14.12 10.80 14.65 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 14.47 13.86 11.46 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ...................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.761 0.915 0.882 Grapes .....................dollars/ton: 598.00 (S) (S) (S) Peaches ....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears ......................dollars/ton: 559.00 1,230.00 1,510.00 1,490.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 125.00 181.00 170.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : March 2022 :February 2023 : March 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 50.10 80.60 42.40 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 58.00 69.20 86.60 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) (S) (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 50.20 52.20 51.60 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 94.20 143.00 113.00 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 64.90 67.00 65.20 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 45.60 71.20 38.50 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 43.30 36.40 22.40 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 68.70 30.90 26.30 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 51.50 27.60 24.40 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 14.30 21.20 22.00 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 45.70 53.40 47.50 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 187.00 217.00 230.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 139.00 158.00 164.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 84.70 89.50 95.70 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 142.00 162.00 167.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 75.10 59.60 61.70 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 74.60 59.70 61.60 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 84.60 57.50 64.40 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 25.60 21.60 21.10 Fat test ........................percent: 4.19 4.12 4.21 4.19 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.885 0.708 0.770 Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 1.59 2.61 2.80 Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 1.39 2.46 2.68 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.920 1.17 1.18 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 1.45 2.63 2.56 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 110 99 110 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 25.90 22.10 21.30 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 99 98 99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2023 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 5.48 8.48 8.82 4.24 5.58 6.64 10.90 12.90 14.50 February ...: 5.83 9.16 8.53 4.75 6.09 6.80 12.70 14.70 15.10 March ......: 5.86 9.93 8.34 4.89 6.56 6.67 13.20 15.40 14.90 April ......: 6.04 10.20 5.31 7.07 13.90 15.80 May ........: 6.46 10.90 5.91 7.26 14.80 16.10 June .......: 6.23 9.55 6.00 7.38 14.50 16.40 July .......: 6.26 8.69 6.12 7.25 14.10 15.50 August .....: 7.14 8.55 6.32 7.24 13.70 15.30 September ..: 7.75 8.85 5.47 7.09 12.20 14.10 October ....: 7.92 9.21 5.02 6.50 11.90 13.50 November ...: 8.52 9.16 5.26 6.49 12.10 14.00 December ...: 8.59 8.98 5.47 6.58 12.50 14.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2023 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 110.00 135.00 156.00 50.20 58.80 58.50 February .: 112.00 137.00 158.00 56.40 68.60 59.60 March ....: 113.00 139.00 164.00 67.20 75.10 61.70 April ....: 118.00 139.00 75.60 76.20 May ......: 118.00 141.00 79.30 75.90 June .....: 121.00 140.00 82.70 78.70 July .....: 122.00 142.00 80.00 83.00 August ...: 123.00 141.00 79.00 85.80 September : 124.00 143.00 70.80 73.80 October ..: 123.00 145.00 65.50 70.50 November .: 129.00 151.00 58.60 66.70 December .: 137.00 154.00 56.50 62.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (S) (S) (S) Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 9.25 8.35 7.95 Idaho ..............: 8.48 8.12 8.21 Illinois ...........: 8.36 7.77 7.78 Indiana ............: 8.92 7.73 7.55 Kansas .............: 9.88 8.62 8.32 Michigan ...........: 8.40 7.34 7.53 Minnesota ..........: 9.83 9.10 9.78 : Missouri ...........: 9.22 8.44 8.05 Montana ............: 10.10 9.09 (D) Nebraska ...........: 9.24 8.22 8.33 North Carolina .....: 9.44 8.49 7.72 North Dakota .......: 10.30 8.71 8.41 Ohio ...............: 9.51 7.43 6.93 Oklahoma ...........: 9.42 8.40 8.09 Oregon .............: 10.60 8.28 8.04 South Dakota .......: 9.80 8.72 8.64 Texas ..............: 10.50 (D) 9.63 Washington .........: 9.98 7.72 7.29 : United States ......: 9.93 8.53 8.34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 9.25 8.35 7.95 Idaho ..............: 8.47 8.00 8.21 Illinois ...........: 8.36 7.77 7.78 Indiana ............: 8.92 7.73 7.55 Kansas .............: 9.88 8.62 8.32 Michigan ...........: 8.40 7.34 7.53 Missouri ...........: 9.22 8.44 8.05 : Montana ............: 9.01 9.08 (D) Nebraska ...........: 9.24 8.22 8.33 North Carolina .....: 9.44 8.49 7.72 North Dakota .......: 9.44 8.15 8.68 Ohio ...............: 9.51 7.43 6.93 Oklahoma ...........: 9.42 8.40 8.09 Oregon .............: 10.60 8.28 8.07 South Dakota .......: 9.64 8.63 8.61 Texas ..............: 10.50 (D) 9.63 Washington .........: 9.96 7.70 7.27 : United States ......: 9.50 8.33 8.25 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (S) (S) (S) California .........: (S) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: (S) (S) (S) Montana ............: (D) (S) (S) North Dakota .......: 15.00 9.35 9.11 : United States ......: 15.30 9.34 9.13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 8.52 8.44 8.21 Minnesota ..........: 9.83 9.10 9.78 Montana ............: 10.00 9.16 (D) North Dakota .......: 9.85 8.60 8.05 South Dakota .......: 9.96 8.81 8.68 Washington .........: 10.10 7.86 7.44 : United States ......: 9.86 8.70 8.33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (D) (D) Iowa ...............: 6.32 (D) 4.85 Michigan ...........: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: 5.91 3.50 3.84 Montana ............: (S) (S) (S) Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) 5.39 New York ...........: (S) (S) (S) North Dakota .......: 5.08 3.85 3.96 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: 6.50 4.79 (D) South Dakota .......: 6.95 4.26 3.92 Texas ..............: (S) (S) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 5.39 4.58 4.54 : United States ......: 5.89 4.02 4.22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.96 7.25 7.35 Idaho ..............: 5.62 7.84 7.90 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 7.18 7.53 8.67 North Dakota .......: 5.75 7.47 7.00 Washington .........: 6.38 8.07 7.72 Wyoming ............: 5.04 7.37 7.36 : United States ......: 5.69 7.65 7.48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.93 7.25 7.35 Idaho ..............: 5.61 7.88 7.94 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) (D) 8.77 North Dakota .......: 5.70 7.73 7.20 Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: 5.04 (D) (D) : United States ......: 5.59 7.77 7.63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: (D) (S) (S) Idaho ..............: 6.55 5.89 (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) (S) Montana ............: 7.16 (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 5.80 6.76 6.07 Washington .........: 5.69 5.72 5.90 Wyoming ............: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 6.12 6.64 6.13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 6.79 7.72 7.75 Illinois ...........: 6.65 6.65 6.54 Indiana ............: 6.59 6.69 6.57 Iowa ...............: 6.59 6.83 6.70 Kansas .............: 6.91 7.35 7.09 Kentucky ...........: 6.49 7.05 6.93 Michigan ...........: 6.40 6.55 6.16 Minnesota ..........: 6.33 6.62 6.47 Missouri ...........: 6.73 6.91 6.81 Nebraska ...........: 6.40 7.05 6.90 : North Carolina .....: 7.62 7.62 7.52 North Dakota .......: 6.33 6.45 6.42 Ohio ...............: 6.53 6.49 6.28 Pennsylvania .......: 6.81 7.23 7.45 South Dakota .......: 6.68 6.75 6.67 Tennessee ..........: 6.98 7.20 7.15 Texas ..............: 7.29 7.86 8.23 Wisconsin ..........: 6.34 6.34 6.25 : United States ......: 6.56 6.80 6.67 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: 12.60 12.50 12.10 Nebraska ...........: 12.70 12.60 12.40 Oklahoma ...........: 12.50 (D) 11.80 Texas ..............: 12.80 10.90 8.60 : United States ......: 12.60 12.10 11.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 15.60 14.80 15.10 Illinois ...........: 15.40 15.10 15.00 Indiana ............: 15.50 15.10 15.10 Iowa ...............: 15.00 15.00 14.90 Kansas .............: 15.70 15.10 14.90 Kentucky ...........: 14.80 15.00 15.10 Louisiana ..........: 14.70 14.30 14.80 Michigan ...........: 16.00 15.10 15.40 Minnesota ..........: 15.60 15.10 14.50 Mississippi ........: 13.20 (D) 15.00 : Missouri ...........: 15.70 15.30 15.20 Nebraska ...........: 15.50 15.10 14.90 North Carolina .....: 15.50 15.10 15.20 North Dakota .......: 15.10 14.40 13.90 Ohio ...............: 15.80 15.40 15.30 South Dakota .......: 15.60 14.90 14.80 Tennessee ..........: 15.60 15.20 14.90 Wisconsin ..........: 15.20 14.80 14.40 : United States ......: 15.40 15.10 14.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 45.00 40.10 37.70 Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (S) Michigan ...........: 48.80 (D) 44.50 Minnesota ..........: 49.50 40.90 39.20 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 49.20 37.40 37.20 : United States ......: 49.10 39.60 41.30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) (D) Montana ............: 34.60 (D) (S) North Dakota .......: 39.50 30.70 30.40 Oklahoma ...........: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 39.20 30.70 30.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 28.90 16.20 14.80 : United States ......: 28.90 16.20 14.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.260 0.309 0.291 Arkansas ...........: (S) (S) (S) Florida ............: 0.249 0.283 0.299 Georgia ............: 0.242 0.258 0.257 Mississippi ........: 0.230 0.226 0.321 New Mexico .........: 0.301 (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.261 0.289 0.271 Oklahoma ...........: 0.292 0.346 0.354 South Carolina .....: 0.256 0.260 0.261 Texas ..............: 0.297 0.352 0.365 Virginia ...........: 0.264 0.271 0.276 : United States ......: 0.250 0.272 0.269 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: 29.50 (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 34.30 32.80 26.60 South Dakota .......: 34.20 25.20 27.20 : United States ......: 33.90 30.80 26.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March : February : March : March : February : March : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- -------- dollars per ton ------- : Alabama ............: 0.949 0.889 0.927 (NA) 290.00 (NA) Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S) (NA) 323.00 (NA) Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) 0.871 (NA) (S) (NA) California .........: (D) (D) (S) (NA) (S) (NA) Georgia ............: 0.962 0.914 0.856 (NA) 297.00 (NA) Louisiana ..........: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (S) (NA) Mississippi ........: (D) (D) 0.899 (NA) (S) (NA) North Carolina .....: (D) 0.913 0.936 (NA) 290.00 (NA) Tennessee ..........: 1.090 0.810 0.776 (NA) (S) (NA) Texas ..............: 1.080 0.765 0.721 (NA) 400.00 (NA) : United States ......: 1.040 0.798 0.803 (NA) 332.00 (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 1.040 0.798 0.803 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 761 945 910 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 15.70 18.50 18.40 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 14,143 10,731 14,012 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 14.00 17.30 17.20 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 12,040 9,342 12,519 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 32.30 32.10 34.20 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 13.90 18.20 19.30 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 25.50 26.40 28.20 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 2,103 1,389 1,493 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March : February : March : March : February : March : March : February : March : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 282.00 354.00 349.00 285.00 355.00 350.00 215.00 245.00 240.00 California ...........: 286.00 333.00 313.00 310.00 345.00 320.00 250.00 290.00 290.00 Colorado .............: 211.00 268.00 274.00 205.00 270.00 275.00 225.00 255.00 265.00 Idaho ................: 238.00 261.00 253.00 240.00 265.00 255.00 190.00 230.00 230.00 Illinois .............: 174.00 162.00 168.00 180.00 175.00 180.00 140.00 120.00 120.00 Iowa .................: 159.00 173.00 183.00 165.00 179.00 189.00 135.00 152.00 162.00 Kansas ...............: 156.00 240.00 214.00 186.00 280.00 274.00 109.00 155.00 146.00 Kentucky .............: 161.00 178.00 187.00 220.00 220.00 230.00 150.00 166.00 170.00 Michigan .............: 174.00 173.00 172.00 190.00 195.00 190.00 130.00 130.00 135.00 Minnesota ............: 176.00 164.00 172.00 180.00 175.00 179.00 154.00 141.00 148.00 : Missouri .............: 116.00 140.00 136.00 165.00 165.00 165.00 110.00 135.00 130.00 Montana ..............: 248.00 233.00 243.00 260.00 235.00 245.00 215.00 225.00 235.00 Nebraska .............: 147.00 196.00 200.00 165.00 220.00 230.00 105.00 135.00 140.00 Nevada ...............: 233.00 309.00 274.00 235.00 310.00 280.00 215.00 240.00 230.00 New Mexico ...........: 228.00 290.00 298.00 235.00 300.00 310.00 210.00 235.00 235.00 New York .............: 152.00 169.00 176.00 217.00 235.00 248.00 136.00 152.00 159.00 North Dakota .........: 157.00 123.00 120.00 188.00 129.00 129.00 113.00 91.00 96.00 Ohio .................: 151.00 178.00 177.00 180.00 195.00 200.00 140.00 165.00 155.00 Oklahoma .............: 124.00 144.00 147.00 194.00 257.00 267.00 100.00 122.00 111.00 Oregon ...............: 259.00 291.00 307.00 260.00 320.00 325.00 255.00 255.00 255.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 155.00 169.00 174.00 225.00 235.00 248.00 140.00 154.00 161.00 South Dakota .........: 166.00 163.00 169.00 181.00 175.00 185.00 125.00 135.00 135.00 Texas ................: 158.00 198.00 199.00 215.00 271.00 271.00 148.00 184.00 184.00 Utah .................: 258.00 299.00 289.00 260.00 300.00 290.00 200.00 245.00 235.00 Washington ...........: 262.00 311.00 320.00 255.00 325.00 335.00 285.00 280.00 285.00 Wisconsin ............: 152.00 156.00 151.00 161.00 169.00 162.00 120.00 109.00 115.00 Wyoming ..............: 220.00 234.00 241.00 225.00 240.00 245.00 195.00 215.00 220.00 : United States ........: 198.00 231.00 231.00 228.00 266.00 267.00 155.00 172.00 171.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 335.00 380.00 340.00 Idaho ..............: 285.00 300.00 300.00 Michigan ...........: 210.00 220.00 220.00 Minnesota ..........: 215.00 218.00 223.00 New York ...........: 272.00 298.00 321.00 Pennsylvania .......: 279.00 308.00 331.00 Texas ..............: 254.00 344.00 344.00 Wisconsin ..........: 213.00 202.00 196.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 299.00 324.00 314.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For March 2022, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For February 2023, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For March 2023, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: March 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 40.20 14.60 28.31 6.73 11.55 25.62 3.48 : Lemons ..............................: 43.20 20.49 32.52 (D) 14.12 25.60 (D) : Oranges .............................: 39.10 17.54 27.95 10.39 14.47 24.97 7.25 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: February 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 44.80 20.42 33.52 7.17 18.05 31.31 4.64 : Lemons ..............................: 40.50 17.07 29.89 (D) 10.80 22.97 (D) : Oranges .............................: 32.30 16.84 21.61 (D) 13.86 18.69 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: March 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 43.10 19.35 32.73 4.55 17.14 30.56 2.31 : Lemons ..............................: 39.60 21.17 28.96 (D) 14.65 22.04 (D) : Oranges .............................: 31.20 14.56 20.59 9.01 11.46 17.65 5.77 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : March 2022 : February 2023 : March 2023 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 25.30 3.74 21.00 3.85 20.00 3.78 California .........: 24.90 4.10 22.20 4.18 21.20 4.17 Colorado ...........: 25.80 3.95 22.00 4.04 21.40 3.98 Florida ............: 28.40 3.66 26.00 3.78 24.40 3.78 Georgia ............: 27.90 3.74 25.60 3.87 24.00 3.83 Idaho ..............: 26.10 4.19 21.60 4.33 21.70 4.30 Illinois ...........: 25.80 4.14 21.80 4.22 20.90 4.18 Indiana ............: 25.50 4.08 22.70 4.13 21.70 4.10 Iowa ...............: 25.70 4.22 19.60 4.39 20.20 4.36 Kansas .............: 24.30 4.24 20.10 4.32 19.50 4.26 : Michigan ...........: 24.90 4.03 21.20 4.12 20.60 4.11 Minnesota ..........: 26.00 4.34 20.80 4.53 21.20 4.52 New Mexico .........: 23.50 3.94 19.20 4.04 18.50 3.96 New York ...........: 25.90 4.09 22.50 4.17 21.80 4.18 Ohio ...............: 25.10 4.04 22.60 4.12 21.90 4.07 Oregon .............: 27.10 4.29 24.60 4.40 24.40 4.37 Pennsylvania .......: 26.40 4.06 22.70 4.14 21.70 4.14 South Dakota .......: 27.20 4.60 21.90 4.68 22.00 4.69 Texas ..............: 26.20 4.37 21.30 4.35 20.80 4.26 Utah ...............: 25.60 4.02 21.60 4.12 21.00 4.09 : Vermont ............: 26.60 4.12 23.00 4.21 22.20 4.23 Virginia ...........: 27.20 3.96 25.30 4.04 24.00 4.01 Washington .........: 26.90 4.19 22.10 4.29 21.60 4.26 Wisconsin ..........: 25.30 4.12 20.40 4.19 20.50 4.17 : United States ......: 25.60 4.12 21.60 4.21 21.10 4.19 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : April 2022 : January 2023 : April 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,700 1,850 1,800 California .........: 1,440 1,820 1,655 Colorado ...........: 1,600 1,700 1,700 Florida ............: 1,580 1,750 1,980 Georgia ............: 1,450 1,550 1,640 Idaho ..............: 1,500 1,600 1,700 Illinois ...........: 1,510 1,640 1,670 Indiana ............: 1,640 1,860 1,900 Iowa ...............: 1,630 1,670 1,700 Kansas .............: 1,550 1,700 1,650 : Michigan ...........: 1,680 1,800 1,860 Minnesota ..........: 1,560 1,560 1,630 New Mexico .........: 1,500 1,750 1,800 New York ...........: 1,600 1,720 1,760 Ohio ...............: 1,500 1,550 1,650 Oregon .............: 1,550 1,500 1,550 Pennsylvania .......: 1,700 1,800 1,770 South Dakota .......: 1,450 1,700 1,700 Texas ..............: 1,550 1,550 1,650 Utah ...............: 1,350 1,450 1,500 : Vermont ............: 1,700 1,760 1,800 Virginia ...........: 1,450 1,700 1,720 Washington .........: 1,500 1,500 1,600 Wisconsin ..........: 1,710 1,810 1,840 : United States ......: 1,570 1,720 1,720 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price : March :February : March : March :February : March : : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.544 18.90 20.40 20.60 53 42 40 Rice ....................cwt: 1.29 45.50 48.50 48.80 35 38 38 Corn .................bushel: 0.407 14.50 15.30 15.40 45 44 43 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.066 2.34 2.48 2.49 44 32 32 American Pima .......pound: 0.133 4.48 5.00 5.03 27 49 49 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.021 0.781 0.789 0.794 32 34 34 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.26 79.60 84.90 85.40 45 33 34 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.76 101.00 104.00 104.00 38 35 33 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.33 78.50 87.50 88.10 49 46 41 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.80 62.20 67.60 68.00 42 33 31 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.198 7.03 7.44 7.48 38 40 40 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.147 5.26 5.52 5.56 32 28 28 Mohair ................pound: 0.485 16.60 18.20 18.30 34 35 35 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.045 1.490 1.690 1.700 51 54 52 Barley ...............bushel: 0.489 17.30 18.40 18.50 33 42 40 Canola ..................cwt: 1.82 63.60 68.40 68.80 62 45 45 Cottonseed ..............ton: 18.80 686.00 706.00 711.00 37 47 47 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.09 110.00 116.00 117.00 45 34 35 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.19 39.40 44.70 45.00 73 36 33 Oats .................bushel: 0.301 10.20 11.30 11.40 58 36 37 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.07 38.70 40.20 40.40 37 53 54 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.718 25.40 27.00 27.10 50 45 43 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.01 36.20 37.90 38.20 43 40 39 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.06 71.80 77.40 77.90 47 40 35 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 1.02 33.20 38.30 38.60 35 47 44 Lemons ..................box: 2.09 72.10 78.50 79.00 20 14 19 Oranges .................box: 1.080 38.00 40.60 40.80 38 34 28 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.80 416.00 443.00 446.00 33 36 37 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.78 1.95 1.97 50 36 39 Calves ..................cwt: 17.30 614.00 650.00 654.00 30 33 35 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.111 3.52 4.17 4.20 41 63 61 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.50 194.00 207.00 208.00 39 29 30 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.069 2.340 2.590 2.610 39 45 45 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : March : February : March : : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.481 16.20 18.10 18.20 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 2.94 108.00 110.00 111.00 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.37 88.80 89.00 89.60 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.598 22.10 22.50 22.60 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.17 78.10 81.50 82.00 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.65 60.70 62.00 62.40 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.06 72.80 77.40 77.90 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.185 6.61 6.95 6.99 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.251 9.06 9.43 9.49 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.184 6.61 6.91 6.96 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.177 6.22 6.65 6.69 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.224 8.06 8.41 8.47 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.235 7.96 8.83 8.88 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.70 732.00 777.00 782.00 Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 124.00 4,440.00 4,660.00 4,690.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 188.00 6,570.00 7,060.00 7,110.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 207.00 7,600.00 7,770.00 7,820.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.032 1.070 1.200 1.210 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.20 118.00 120.00 121.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 238.00 7,810.00 8,940.00 9,000.00 : Grapes (California) : Wine, processing ..................ton: 81.00 2,820.00 3,040.00 3,060.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 141.00 4,550.00 5,300.00 5,330.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 87.90 2,990.00 3,300.00 3,320.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 109.00 3,980.00 4,090.00 4,120.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : March : February : March : : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.045 1.49 1.69 1.70 Peaches, fresh 4/ 5/ ...............ton: 113.00 3,940.00 4,240.00 4,270.00 Pears, fresh 5/ ....................ton: 61.50 2,190.00 2,310.00 2,320.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 6/ .........................ton: 90.80 3,040.00 3,410.00 3,430.00 Strawberries : Fresh 7/ .......................pound: 10.40 362.00 391.00 393.00 Processing .....................pound: 4.12 140.00 155.00 156.00 : Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 3.97 162.00 149.00 150.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.18 121.00 119.00 120.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.247 9.02 9.28 9.34 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 223.00 8,170.00 8,380.00 8,430.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.253 8.99 9.50 9.56 Walnuts ............................ton: 206.00 7,990.00 7,740.00 7,790.00 : Vegetables, fresh 7/ : Carrots 10/ ........................cwt: 2.64 96.30 99.20 99.80 Cauliflower 10/ ....................cwt: 4.21 155.00 158.00 159.00 Celery 10/ .........................cwt: 2.13 75.70 80.00 80.50 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.10 74.20 78.90 79.40 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.64 94.50 99.20 99.80 Onions 10/ .........................cwt: 1.45 50.10 54.50 54.80 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.07 145.00 153.00 154.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except Peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 7/ FOB shipping point price. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Broilers: December 1, previous year through November 30 for the United States. Eggs: December 1, previous year to November 30 for the United States. Milk: January 1 to December 31 for the United States. Turkeys: January 1 to December 31 for the United States. Prices Received for Broilers by Month - United States: 2017-2022 [Live weight equivalent price] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2017 ...: 0.480 0.490 0.480 0.550 0.570 0.660 2018 ...: 0.500 0.530 0.520 0.600 0.650 0.720 2019 ...: 0.510 0.560 0.490 0.510 0.550 0.570 2020 ...: 0.449 0.494 0.419 0.430 0.226 0.345 2021 ...: 0.430 0.417 0.423 0.431 0.548 0.593 2022 ...: 0.735 0.780 0.739 0.885 1.037 1.069 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2017 ...: 0.660 0.620 0.540 0.510 0.480 0.490 2018 ...: 0.730 0.670 0.490 0.460 0.460 0.490 2019 ...: 0.540 0.487 0.421 0.391 0.410 0.403 2020 ...: 0.366 0.345 0.309 0.292 0.315 0.391 2021 ...: 0.600 0.593 0.587 0.595 0.578 0.592 2022 ...: 1.045 0.963 0.780 0.733 0.711 0.729 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for Turkeys by Month - United States: 2017-2022 [Live weight equivalent price] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2017 ...: 0.689 0.672 0.690 0.666 0.686 0.658 2018 ...: 0.508 0.506 0.499 0.500 0.498 0.508 2019 ...: 0.509 0.528 0.532 0.556 0.533 0.561 2020 ...: 0.625 0.644 0.664 0.677 0.701 0.714 2021 ...: 0.707 0.721 0.739 0.768 0.801 0.831 2022 ...: 0.859 0.890 0.920 0.945 0.986 1.050 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : 2017 ...: 0.678 0.647 0.623 0.627 0.577 0.529 2018 ...: 0.519 0.517 0.531 0.511 0.530 0.498 2019 ...: 0.576 0.592 0.622 0.639 0.671 0.624 2020 ...: 0.737 0.735 0.776 0.784 0.734 0.721 2021 ...: 0.833 0.878 0.961 0.940 0.839 0.839 2022 ...: 1.090 1.110 1.200 1.270 1.270 1.220 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Eggs by Month - United States: 2017-2022 [Includes hatching and market eggs] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2017 ...: 1.210 0.813 0.621 0.783 0.629 0.615 2018 ...: 1.330 1.150 1.260 2.010 1.190 0.848 2019 ...: 1.080 0.983 0.888 0.818 0.614 0.483 2020 ...: 0.931 0.754 0.892 1.720 1.030 0.772 2021 ...: 0.734 0.936 0.995 1.150 0.859 0.828 2022 ...: 1.360 1.470 1.430 1.590 2.300 2.010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2017 ...: 0.631 0.819 0.744 1.090 0.895 1.380 2018 ...: 1.030 1.090 1.090 0.929 0.909 1.130 2019 ...: 0.654 0.507 0.809 0.700 0.685 1.110 2020 ...: 0.717 0.759 0.772 0.830 0.995 0.969 2021 ...: 0.808 0.866 1.080 1.030 0.903 1.090 2022 ...: 2.030 2.640 1.940 2.650 2.810 3.340 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month - United States: 2017-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2017 ...: 1.020 0.572 0.371 0.555 0.376 0.358 2018 ...: 1.180 0.955 1.090 1.940 0.998 0.612 2019 ...: 0.886 0.776 0.663 0.584 0.351 0.197 2020 ...: 0.715 0.487 0.640 1.580 0.797 0.486 2021 ...: 0.453 0.670 0.737 0.909 0.569 0.528 2022 ...: 1.160 1.260 1.210 1.390 2.210 1.880 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per dozen : 2017 ...: 0.375 0.589 0.504 0.900 0.680 1.230 2018 ...: 0.810 0.886 0.886 0.710 0.693 0.945 2019 ...: 0.389 0.219 0.568 0.446 0.430 0.919 2020 ...: 0.421 0.474 0.490 0.555 0.751 0.725 2021 ...: 0.505 0.580 0.826 0.773 0.626 0.846 2022 ...: 1.900 2.610 1.800 2.620 2.820 3.430 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 15.40 15.20 15.80 16.70 17.60 18.30 California ...: 16.50 15.90 16.70 17.90 18.60 18.00 Colorado .....: 17.00 16.90 17.50 18.10 18.50 18.80 Florida ......: 19.70 20.00 20.50 20.60 21.50 22.70 Georgia ......: 18.80 18.90 19.20 19.30 20.40 21.10 Idaho ........: 17.70 17.00 17.60 18.90 19.30 17.90 Illinois .....: 16.70 16.60 17.00 17.70 18.50 18.40 Indiana ......: 17.20 17.10 17.40 18.30 19.10 19.00 Iowa .........: 18.00 17.50 18.00 19.20 19.80 17.90 Kansas .......: 15.60 14.40 15.70 16.60 17.70 16.40 : Michigan .....: 15.90 15.90 16.40 17.20 18.10 18.00 Minnesota ....: 18.40 18.00 18.20 19.50 20.30 17.90 New Mexico ...: 15.20 13.50 15.40 16.00 17.00 15.80 New York .....: 17.10 17.40 17.90 18.30 19.00 18.30 Ohio .........: 17.70 17.80 18.10 18.70 19.50 19.50 Oregon .......: 19.70 19.50 20.00 21.00 21.70 20.80 Pennsylvania .: 17.30 17.40 17.90 18.40 19.30 19.10 South Dakota .: 19.20 18.70 19.20 20.70 21.60 19.10 Texas ........: 17.00 15.50 17.10 17.70 18.60 17.50 Utah .........: 17.60 17.00 17.40 18.30 19.20 18.40 : Vermont ......: 17.80 17.90 18.40 18.90 19.70 19.20 Virginia .....: 18.70 18.90 19.10 19.40 20.40 20.90 Washington ...: 16.80 16.40 17.10 18.20 19.00 18.70 Wisconsin ....: 17.60 17.30 17.70 18.90 19.80 18.40 : United States : 17.10 16.70 17.30 18.30 19.10 18.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 17.60 17.60 17.90 18.70 19.80 20.90 California ...: 17.50 17.30 18.00 19.30 20.40 21.40 Colorado .....: 18.10 17.90 18.60 19.80 21.00 21.80 Florida ......: 22.30 21.50 21.70 22.00 23.40 24.50 Georgia ......: 20.70 20.50 20.60 20.70 22.30 23.40 Idaho ........: 17.30 17.50 18.60 20.40 20.80 21.90 Illinois .....: 17.70 17.40 18.00 19.40 20.70 21.40 Indiana ......: 17.90 17.40 18.00 19.20 20.10 21.70 Iowa .........: 17.80 17.30 18.20 19.90 20.70 21.40 Kansas .......: 16.30 16.20 16.90 18.20 19.70 20.40 : Michigan .....: 17.00 16.60 17.10 18.30 19.70 20.70 Minnesota ....: 17.70 17.40 18.60 19.90 20.70 21.50 New Mexico ...: 15.70 15.60 16.10 17.50 19.00 19.90 New York .....: 18.10 18.20 18.90 19.90 21.30 22.00 Ohio .........: 18.30 17.70 18.20 19.70 21.10 21.80 Oregon .......: 20.10 19.90 20.80 22.00 22.90 23.70 Pennsylvania .: 18.50 18.40 19.00 19.90 21.50 22.30 South Dakota .: 18.80 18.40 19.40 21.40 22.10 22.80 Texas ........: 17.50 17.50 18.30 19.10 20.80 22.10 Utah .........: 17.60 17.50 18.10 19.30 20.50 21.60 : Vermont ......: 18.80 18.70 19.40 20.30 21.70 22.70 Virginia .....: 20.40 20.10 20.20 20.70 22.40 23.40 Washington ...: 17.90 17.80 18.70 19.90 21.50 22.30 Wisconsin ....: 17.90 17.70 18.40 19.70 20.60 21.50 : United States : 17.80 17.60 18.30 19.60 20.70 21.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month - States and United States: 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 23.30 24.20 25.30 26.30 26.50 26.80 California ...: 23.50 23.80 24.90 26.30 26.70 26.50 Colorado .....: 24.00 24.70 25.80 27.10 27.20 26.80 Florida ......: 26.10 27.50 28.40 29.70 30.20 31.00 Georgia ......: 25.60 26.90 27.90 29.20 29.60 29.90 Idaho ........: 24.30 25.00 26.10 27.70 27.80 26.90 Illinois .....: 23.90 24.60 25.80 27.10 27.10 26.60 Indiana ......: 23.90 24.60 25.50 26.90 26.80 26.50 Iowa .........: 23.60 24.10 25.70 27.10 27.10 25.70 Kansas .......: 23.10 23.60 24.30 25.80 26.10 25.40 : Michigan .....: 23.20 23.80 24.90 26.40 26.50 26.30 Minnesota ....: 23.50 24.50 26.00 27.90 28.00 26.30 New Mexico ...: 22.40 22.90 23.50 24.80 25.00 24.70 New York .....: 24.70 25.40 25.90 27.10 27.10 27.30 Ohio .........: 23.60 24.10 25.10 26.40 26.50 26.00 Oregon .......: 26.00 26.30 27.10 28.70 29.00 28.00 Pennsylvania .: 24.80 25.70 26.40 27.50 27.30 27.70 South Dakota .: 25.20 25.70 27.20 29.00 29.20 27.60 Texas ........: 24.70 25.20 26.20 27.30 27.10 26.60 Utah .........: 24.00 24.70 25.60 27.30 27.40 26.80 : Vermont ......: 25.20 26.00 26.60 27.70 27.70 27.90 Virginia .....: 25.20 26.30 27.20 28.30 28.50 28.90 Washington ...: 25.20 25.80 26.90 28.20 28.40 28.20 Wisconsin ....: 23.40 23.90 25.30 27.10 27.40 26.30 : United States : 23.90 24.50 25.60 27.00 27.20 26.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arizona ......: 26.20 24.30 24.60 25.40 25.40 23.90 California ...: 25.30 23.90 23.80 25.10 24.80 23.90 Colorado .....: 25.60 24.40 24.50 25.90 25.90 25.00 Florida ......: 30.90 30.50 29.40 28.70 29.40 28.10 Georgia ......: 29.70 29.70 29.30 28.70 29.20 27.70 Idaho ........: 25.40 23.80 24.80 26.70 26.20 25.10 Illinois .....: 25.20 23.90 24.30 26.10 25.70 24.50 Indiana ......: 25.60 24.80 25.20 26.20 26.20 25.30 Iowa .........: 23.80 22.00 22.20 24.40 24.50 24.00 Kansas .......: 24.30 23.40 23.00 24.70 24.40 23.10 : Michigan .....: 25.30 23.90 23.40 24.20 24.20 23.40 Minnesota ....: 24.20 22.40 23.10 25.70 25.30 24.50 New Mexico ...: 23.70 22.60 22.20 23.80 23.60 22.20 New York .....: 26.70 25.90 26.00 26.70 26.00 24.90 Ohio .........: 25.60 24.50 24.90 26.20 26.00 25.50 Oregon .......: 27.70 25.70 26.20 28.00 28.70 28.20 Pennsylvania .: 26.80 26.20 26.10 26.90 26.60 25.50 South Dakota .: 25.50 23.30 23.70 26.40 26.40 25.90 Texas ........: 25.70 24.30 24.10 25.90 25.80 24.60 Utah .........: 25.70 24.70 24.80 25.90 25.90 24.40 : Vermont ......: 27.20 26.30 26.40 27.00 26.30 25.40 Virginia .....: 28.80 28.80 28.60 28.50 29.00 27.70 Washington ...: 27.20 25.70 25.80 27.40 27.20 26.10 Wisconsin ....: 24.40 22.30 22.30 24.60 24.00 23.70 : United States : 25.50 24.10 24.10 25.60 25.40 24.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.78 3.77 3.73 3.67 3.67 3.75 California ...: 4.02 3.98 3.96 3.90 3.84 3.81 Colorado .....: 4.00 4.00 3.94 3.88 3.77 3.66 Florida ......: 3.74 3.70 3.63 3.61 3.59 3.59 Georgia ......: 3.82 3.83 3.74 3.71 3.64 3.57 Idaho ........: 4.23 4.20 4.18 4.10 4.03 3.94 Illinois .....: 4.10 4.12 4.03 3.99 3.92 3.84 Indiana ......: 4.09 4.11 4.01 3.93 3.92 3.81 Iowa .........: 4.23 4.27 4.17 4.13 4.10 4.01 Kansas .......: 4.18 4.16 4.04 4.06 4.01 3.93 : Michigan .....: 3.99 4.02 3.94 3.88 3.84 3.76 Minnesota ....: 4.30 4.34 4.26 4.21 4.15 4.03 New Mexico ...: 3.97 3.95 3.89 3.81 3.73 3.67 New York .....: 4.09 4.11 4.06 3.98 3.94 3.86 Ohio .........: 4.01 4.05 3.96 3.88 3.86 3.80 Oregon .......: 4.19 4.18 4.14 4.05 3.97 3.92 Pennsylvania .: 4.08 4.09 4.03 3.95 3.92 3.85 South Dakota .: 4.52 4.57 4.48 4.46 4.41 4.27 Texas ........: 4.36 4.36 4.28 4.22 4.15 4.05 Utah .........: 4.10 4.01 3.99 3.94 3.87 3.78 : Vermont ......: 4.12 4.13 4.09 4.01 3.99 3.90 Virginia .....: 4.01 4.01 3.91 3.83 3.80 3.72 Washington ...: 4.19 4.18 4.14 4.05 3.97 3.92 Wisconsin ....: 4.10 4.13 4.05 4.00 3.97 3.88 : United States : 4.10 4.10 4.05 3.99 3.94 3.86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.74 3.75 3.76 3.84 3.91 3.88 California ...: 3.78 3.86 3.89 4.00 4.08 4.20 Colorado .....: 3.72 3.69 3.79 3.92 3.98 4.00 Florida ......: 3.61 3.65 3.69 3.67 3.68 3.68 Georgia ......: 3.56 3.59 3.66 3.65 3.68 3.71 Idaho ........: 3.86 3.96 4.08 4.19 4.24 4.30 Illinois .....: 3.82 3.85 3.93 4.06 4.18 4.19 Indiana ......: 3.79 3.80 3.85 3.96 4.12 4.12 Iowa .........: 3.99 4.01 4.09 4.18 4.32 4.29 Kansas .......: 3.88 3.93 4.01 4.17 4.29 4.28 : Michigan .....: 3.76 3.78 3.83 3.91 4.04 4.07 Minnesota ....: 4.02 4.04 4.13 4.21 4.36 4.38 New Mexico ...: 3.67 3.70 3.72 3.87 3.98 4.11 New York .....: 3.84 3.86 3.92 4.00 4.11 4.14 Ohio .........: 3.80 3.82 3.85 3.94 4.09 4.10 Oregon .......: 3.89 3.95 4.11 4.19 4.27 4.41 Pennsylvania .: 3.81 3.84 3.90 3.99 4.11 4.11 South Dakota .: 4.26 4.24 4.33 4.47 4.65 4.67 Texas ........: 4.05 4.08 4.11 4.24 4.39 4.41 Utah .........: 3.77 3.83 3.91 4.04 4.10 4.12 : Vermont ......: 3.90 3.91 3.97 4.05 4.14 4.17 Virginia .....: 3.70 3.72 3.76 3.87 4.03 4.05 Washington ...: 3.89 3.95 4.11 4.21 4.29 4.33 Wisconsin ....: 3.87 3.88 3.95 4.03 4.16 4.17 : United States : 3.85 3.88 3.95 4.05 4.15 4.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test - States and United States: 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.92 3.85 3.74 3.75 3.72 3.73 California ...: 4.19 4.14 4.10 4.05 3.95 3.94 Colorado .....: 4.03 4.01 3.95 3.87 3.79 3.72 Florida ......: 3.71 3.73 3.66 3.65 3.63 3.60 Georgia ......: 3.78 3.81 3.74 3.75 3.69 3.66 Idaho ........: 4.31 4.27 4.19 4.15 4.12 4.02 Illinois .....: 4.22 4.20 4.14 4.08 3.99 3.91 Indiana ......: 4.15 4.13 4.08 4.04 3.94 3.84 Iowa .........: 4.33 4.28 4.22 4.20 4.11 4.01 Kansas .......: 4.28 4.29 4.24 4.17 4.09 4.00 : Michigan .....: 4.11 4.08 4.03 4.00 3.90 3.82 Minnesota ....: 4.40 4.40 4.34 4.33 4.24 4.13 New Mexico ...: 4.03 4.02 3.94 3.85 3.78 3.74 New York .....: 4.16 4.13 4.09 4.05 3.97 3.91 Ohio .........: 4.11 4.11 4.04 4.00 3.92 3.84 Oregon .......: 4.43 4.37 4.29 4.28 4.10 4.15 Pennsylvania .: 4.13 4.11 4.06 4.01 3.92 3.86 South Dakota .: 4.70 4.66 4.60 4.61 4.46 4.31 Texas ........: 4.42 4.42 4.37 4.27 4.19 4.12 Utah .........: 4.15 4.11 4.02 4.03 3.93 3.82 : Vermont ......: 4.19 4.16 4.12 4.07 4.01 3.97 Virginia .....: 4.05 4.05 3.96 3.92 3.86 3.82 Washington ...: 4.34 4.27 4.19 4.19 4.12 4.04 Wisconsin ....: 4.19 4.17 4.12 4.08 4.00 3.92 : United States : 4.21 4.18 4.12 4.08 4.00 3.94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July : August : September : October : November : December -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Arizona ......: 3.73 3.73 3.76 3.86 3.98 3.94 California ...: 3.91 3.93 4.00 4.07 4.23 4.27 Colorado .....: 3.67 3.68 3.80 3.94 4.05 4.07 Florida ......: 3.65 3.68 3.70 3.75 3.79 3.78 Georgia ......: 3.65 3.70 3.81 3.93 3.96 3.97 Idaho ........: 3.96 3.97 4.09 4.28 4.43 4.43 Illinois .....: 3.87 3.90 3.99 4.12 4.25 4.27 Indiana ......: 3.81 3.85 3.94 4.07 4.11 4.16 Iowa .........: 3.98 4.03 4.12 4.24 4.30 4.38 Kansas .......: 3.95 3.97 4.04 4.20 4.32 4.39 : Michigan .....: 3.81 3.83 3.90 4.04 4.06 4.11 Minnesota ....: 4.09 4.15 4.24 4.39 4.45 4.51 New Mexico ...: 3.73 3.73 3.82 3.96 4.10 4.10 New York .....: 3.89 3.86 3.95 4.08 4.11 4.17 Ohio .........: 3.82 3.86 3.96 4.08 4.08 4.17 Oregon .......: 4.12 4.08 4.21 4.36 4.59 4.60 Pennsylvania .: 3.85 3.83 3.97 4.09 4.12 4.18 South Dakota .: 4.25 4.33 4.42 4.59 4.66 4.72 Texas ........: 4.09 4.10 4.19 4.31 4.42 4.40 Utah .........: 3.80 3.80 3.92 4.05 4.19 4.20 : Vermont ......: 3.96 3.93 3.99 4.10 4.11 4.18 Virginia .....: 3.80 3.82 3.89 4.06 4.09 4.12 Washington ...: 4.03 4.00 4.11 4.25 4.47 4.48 Wisconsin ....: 3.90 3.92 3.99 4.13 4.18 4.22 : United States : 3.91 3.93 4.01 4.14 4.23 4.27 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Adjustment for Seasonal Variation - All Eggs and All Milk Base prices used in calculating parity prices are averages of prices received by farmers for ten years; therefore, any seasonal variation is largely averaged out. To facilitate comparisons with parity prices, monthly prices for All Eggs and All Milk are adjusted for seasonal variation. The seasonally adjusted price is calculated by dividing the monthly price by the adjustment factor. Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation, dollars per dozen State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 0.965 0.939 0.875 0.700 0.712 0.677 0.831 0.585 0.854 0.691 0.722 1.070 2020 ...: 0.816 0.690 0.840 1.410 1.110 1.010 0.844 0.882 0.759 0.875 1.160 0.829 2021 ...: 0.611 0.847 0.913 0.936 0.853 0.990 0.954 0.982 1.030 1.080 1.020 0.978 2022 ...: 1.170 1.480 1.460 1.450 2.180 2.360 2.440 2.990 1.930 2.800 3.160 3.120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 32 31 29 23 23 22 27 19 28 23 24 35 2020 ...: 27 23 28 47 37 34 28 29 25 29 38 27 2021 ...: 20 28 30 31 28 32 31 32 33 35 32 31 2022 ...: 36 44 43 41 61 65 68 83 53 78 87 86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonal price adjustment factors, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 121 108 105 124 89 70 86 87 104 98 92 120 2020 ...: 114 109 106 122 94 77 85 86 102 95 86 117 2021 ...: 120 110 109 123 101 84 85 89 104 95 89 111 2022 ...: 117 100 98 110 105 85 83 88 100 95 89 107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation, dollars per cwt State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 16.10 17.00 17.40 18.30 18.50 18.70 18.50 19.00 18.80 18.70 18.90 19.60 2020 ...: 20.10 19.70 19.40 18.50 15.00 14.20 19.00 21.30 18.60 17.00 18.60 19.20 2021 ...: 17.70 17.60 17.50 17.90 18.90 19.90 18.70 18.30 17.70 18.00 18.70 19.80 2022 ...: 21.50 24.30 25.50 25.90 27.80 28.00 27.40 26.40 24.70 24.40 24.80 24.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 31 33 33 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 37 2020 ...: 38 37 36 35 28 27 36 40 35 32 35 35 2021 ...: 32 32 32 33 35 36 34 33 31 32 33 34 2022 ...: 37 41 43 42 44 44 43 42 39 38 39 38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month - United States: 2019-2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Seasonal price adjustment factors, percent State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :Dec 1/ : Jan : Feb : Mar : Apr : May : Jun : Jul : Aug : Sep : Oct : Nov -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 ...: 103 98 96 96 96 96 98 98 100 103 106 107 2020 ...: 103 99 98 97 96 96 96 97 100 104 108 110 2021 ...: 104 99 98 97 97 96 97 97 100 102 105 105 2022 ...: 101 100 97 99 98 98 98 97 99 100 104 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. March Prices Paid by Farmers The March Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 139.8, is unchanged from February 2023 but up 3.6 percent from March 2022. Production: The March index, at 138.8, is down 0.1 percent from February but up 3.5 percent above last year. Lower prices in March for nitrogen, other services, complete feeds, and diesel more than offset higher prices for feeder cattle, repairs, feeder pigs, and other machinery. Feed: At 139.7, the March index decreased 0.9 percent from February but increased 3.5 percent from last March. Since February, prices are lower for complete feeds, feed grains, supplements, and concentrates, but unchanged for hay & forages. Livestock and poultry: The March index, at 142.3, increased 4.2 percent from February and 16 percent from last year. Since February, prices are higher for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The March feeder cattle price, at $199.00 per cwt, is up $10.00 per cwt from the February price. The March feeder pigs price, at $213.00 per cwt, is up $2.00 per cwt from February. Fertilizer: The index for March, at 129.3, is down 3.0 percent from February and 14 percent since March a year ago. Since February, prices are lower for nitrogen, mixed fertilizer, and potash & phosphate. Chemicals: The March index, at 159.2, is down 0.1 percent from February but up 21 percent from last March. Fuels: At 92.0, the March index is down 3.4 percent from February and 23 percent since March 2022. Compared with February, prices are lower for diesel and LP gas but higher for gasoline. Machinery: The index for March, at 157.1, increased 0.1 percent from February and 6.7 percent from last March. Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery and tractors but unchanged for self-propelled machinery. Consumer Price Index: The March 2023 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 5.0 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 301.836 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.3 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : March : February : March : March : February : March Ratios : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3652 3781 3781 135.0 139.8 139.8 Production ....................: 2790 2890 2888 134.1 138.9 138.8 Feed ........................: 1485 1552 1538 135.0 141.0 139.7 Livestock and poultry .......: 2421 2696 2808 122.7 136.6 142.3 Seeds .......................: 4329 4329 4329 131.7 131.7 131.7 Fertilizer ..................: 1816 1607 1558 150.6 133.3 129.3 Chemicals ...................: 1178 1431 1429 131.3 159.4 159.2 Fuels .......................: 3360 2664 2573 120.2 95.2 92.0 Supplies and repairs ........: 1603 1678 1682 135.8 142.2 142.6 : Autos and trucks ............: 3729 3951 3962 121.3 128.5 128.9 Machinery ...................: 8996 9581 9595 147.3 156.9 157.1 Building materials ..........: 3797 3829 3849 163.2 164.5 165.4 Services and rent ...........: 3009 3149 3135 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 132.4 140.2 139.2 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 124.0 127.0 129.0 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4693 5205 5205 128.6 142.7 142.7 Taxes 2/ ......................: 8197 8532 8532 138.1 143.8 143.8 Wage rates ....................: 11286 11343 11343 157.6 158.4 158.4 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2732 2859 2869 127.8 133.8 134.2 : Production, interest, taxes, : and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3841 3969 3967 136.2 140.8 140.7 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 94 91 91 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 36 35 35 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 37 36 36 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 2031 1995 1996 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 136.7 139.8 139.3 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 133.3 139.8 142.3 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 130.2 138.0 139.2 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 136.5 139.5 138.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : : March :February : March : 2022 : 2023 1/ : 2022 : 2023 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 72.5 74.105 134.1 138.9 138.8 : Feed ......................: 13.6 14.697 135.0 141.0 139.7 Feed grains .............: 1.9 2.102 111.7 114.5 112.2 Complete feeds ..........: 6.7 7.202 139.4 142.3 140.8 Hay and forages .........: 1.7 1.837 129.9 148.7 148.7 Concentrates ............: 2.2 2.322 140.1 147.5 146.8 Supplements .............: 1.1 1.235 146.6 155.1 153.3 Livestock and poultry .....: 9.6 9.752 122.7 136.6 142.3 Feeder cattle ...........: 7.5 7.597 116.6 138.0 145.1 Feeder pigs .............: 0.8 0.780 208.6 150.7 152.1 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.8 0.790 97.2 121.1 121.1 Poultry .................: 0.6 0.585 121.2 121.2 121.2 : Seeds .....................: 5.1 4.901 131.7 131.7 131.7 Field crops .............: 4.6 4.440 128.7 128.7 128.7 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.461 159.7 159.7 159.7 Fertilizer ................: 5.5 6.668 150.6 133.3 129.3 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.4 2.934 124.0 136.0 133.7 Nitrogen ................: 2.3 2.801 175.9 133.4 126.5 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.8 0.934 158.5 124.5 123.5 Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.637 131.3 159.4 159.2 Herbicides ..............: 2.3 2.291 149.6 181.7 181.5 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.837 101.4 123.1 122.9 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.509 98.1 119.1 118.9 : Fuels .....................: 2.7 3.042 120.2 95.2 92.0 Diesel ..................: 1.7 1.893 115.3 99.6 95.1 Gasoline ................: 0.6 0.637 111.0 89.9 90.8 LP gas ..................: 0.5 0.511 149.7 85.6 82.1 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.5 4.392 135.8 142.2 142.6 Supplies ................: 1.5 1.471 139.7 144.1 143.9 Repairs .................: 3.0 2.920 133.9 141.2 141.9 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.2 1.140 121.3 128.5 128.9 Autos ...................: 0.2 0.148 115.2 122.3 122.7 Trucks ..................: 1.0 0.992 122.2 129.4 129.8 : Machinery .................: 4.3 4.827 147.3 156.9 157.1 Tractors ................: 0.9 1.062 128.0 134.2 134.4 Self-propelled ..........: 1.7 1.931 137.8 159.6 159.6 Other machinery .........: 1.6 1.834 168.4 167.1 167.6 Building materials ........: 3.6 3.648 163.2 164.5 165.4 Services ..................: 11.7 10.954 132.4 140.2 139.2 Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.128 126.0 126.0 126.0 Other services ..........: 10.5 9.826 133.2 141.8 140.7 Rent ......................: 7.0 6.448 124.0 127.0 127.0 Cash ....................: 3.8 3.463 126.1 129.0 129.0 Share ...................: 3.2 2.986 121.5 124.7 124.7 : Interest ....................: 2.2 2.095 128.6 142.7 142.7 Taxes .......................: 3.2 3.159 138.1 143.8 143.8 Wage rates ..................: 7.8 7.114 157.6 158.4 158.4 Family living-CPI ...........: 14.3 13.526 127.8 133.8 134.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Starting 2023, relative weights published to three decimals. Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ : March 2022 :February 2023 : March 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.0 4.0 4.4 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 9.2 16.0 17.7 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 11.4 8.8 9.3 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.02 1.58 1.56 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 21.6 23.8 25.0 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 5.5 7.2 7.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2022 :February 2023 : March 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.885 0.708 0.770 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 1.40 2.46 2.68 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 75.10 59.60 61.70 Milk, all .......................cwt: 25.60 21.60 21.10 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 142.00 162.00 167.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.920 1.170 1.180 : Corn .........................bushel: 6.56 6.80 6.67 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 228.00 266.00 267.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 15.40 15.10 14.90 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 9.93 8.53 8.34 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: March 2023 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : March 2022 :February 2023 : March 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 160.00 189.00 199.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 292.00 211.00 213.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for all items is the full preceding calendar year. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. Information Contacts General Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans.................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley................................................................................ (202) 690-1042 Michelle Harder - Hay.................................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-2127 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat............................................................................ (202) 720-8068 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................................................ (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower.................................. (202) 720-7369 Lihan Wei - Peanuts, Rice.............................................................................. (202) 720-7688 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section....................................... (202) 720-2127 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................................. (202) 720-4288 Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes................................................... (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Pistachios, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and Tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges...................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Blueberries, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes.................... (202) 720-4285 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............................. (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans........................................... (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed................................................................. (202) 720-3040 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................ (202) 720-3106 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Jean Porter, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................. (202) 720-8068 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 505-0041 Seth Riggins - Honey................................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Autumn Stone - Eggs.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Ralph Mondesir - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes.......................... (202) 720-6146 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 720-8844 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php Agricultural Prices Program and Survey https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/