Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released January 29, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Special Note USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service is updating the rounding for the Prices Received and Prices Paid 2011=100 Index series beginning with the February 2016 Agricultural Prices report. http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df December Farm Prices Received Index Decreased 2.2 Percent The December Prices Received Index (Agricultural Production), at 90, decreased 2.2 percent from November. At 84, the Crop Production Index increased 2.4 percent. At 97, the Livestock Production Index decreased 7.6 percent. Producers received lower prices for market eggs, cattle, milk, and calves but higher prices for broilers, grapes, corn, and celery. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the monthly mix of commodities producers market. Increased monthly movement of oranges, milk, broilers, and wheat offset the decreased marketing of corn, grapes, soybeans, and calves. The Prices Received Index is down 11 percent from the previous year. The Food Commodities Index, at 97, decreased 4.0 percent from the previous month and is down 16 percent from December 2014. December Prices Paid Index Down 1.9 Percent The December Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 104, is down 1.9 percent from November and 6.3 percent below December 2014. Lower prices in December for feeder cattle, concentrates, complete feeds, and diesel offset higher prices for nitrogen, feeder pigs, feed grains, and hay & forages. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : November : December Index Group : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Prices received by farmers ...............: 101 92 90 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 111 106 104 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 91 87 87 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers...................................................................... ............. 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons........................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2014 and 2015............... 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2014 and 2015................... 6 Received and Paid Indexes, Annual Average - United States: 2011=100 Chart.................................... 6 Crop Farm Received and Paid Indexes, All Items by Quarter - United States: 2011=100 Chart.................... 7 Livestock Farm Received and Paid Indexes All Items by Quarter - United States: 2011=100 Chart................ 7 Received Indexes by Month, Agricultural, Crop, and Livestock Production - United States: 2011=100 Chart...... 8 Received Indexes by Month, Feed Grain, Food Grain, and Oilseed - United States: 2011=100 Chart............... 8 Received Indexes by Month, Fruit & Tree Nut and Vegetable & Melon - United States: 2011=100 Chart............ 9 Received Indexes by Month, Dairy, Meat Animal, and Poultry & Egg - United States: 2011=100 Chart............. 9 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................... 10 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................. 11 Prices Received for Corn by Month - United States Chart...................................................... 12 Prices Received for Wheat by Month - United States Chart..................................................... 12 Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month - United States Chart............................................. 13 Prices Received for Soybeans by Month - United States Chart.................................................. 13 Prices Received for Cattle by Month - United States Chart.................................................... 14 Prices Received for Milk by Month - United States Chart...................................................... 14 Prices Received for Hogs by Month - United States Chart...................................................... 15 Prices Received for Poultry by Month - United States Chart................................................... 15 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2015 with Comparisons............ 16 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2015 with Comparisons................. 16 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons..................... 17 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.................. 17 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................... 18 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.................. 18 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.......................... 18 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.................... 19 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................ 19 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................... 19 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................. 19 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.......................... 20 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................... 20 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons..................... 21 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............ 21 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons..................... 21 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons........................ 21 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................... 22 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................................................. ............................. 22 Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................................................. ............................. 22 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................... 23 Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons........................ 23 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2014................... 24 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2015................... 25 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2015................... 26 Prices Received for Potatoes - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................... 27 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................... 28 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons...................... 28 Parity Price Overview..................................................................... ................... 29 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................................................. ............................. 30 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons...................................... 31 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons (continued).......................... 32 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities.................................................................. ... 33 Sweet Potato Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2013 - 2015..... 33 Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2012 through 2014................................................................. .................. 33 All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016............................................................ ............................. 34 Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016............................................................ ............................. 34 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016............................................................ ................... 35 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2014-2015 through 2015-2016............................................................ ............................. 35 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015..... 36 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 ................................................................... ............................. 38 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates.................................................................... . 39 Prices Paid by Farmers...................................................................... ................. 40 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons................ 41 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................................................. ............... 42 Paid Indexes by Month, All Items and Production Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart........................ 43 Paid Indexes, Annual Averages, Production Items, Interest, Taxes, and Wages - United States: 2011=100 Chart.. 43 Paid Indexes by Farm Type and Month, All Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart............................... 44 Paid Indexes by Origin and Month, All Production Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart....................... 44 Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Origin and Month, Chemicals, Fertilizer, and Fuels - United States: 2011=100 Chart.. 45 Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Origin and Month, Machinery and Supplies & Repairs - United States: 2011=100 Chart.. 45 Paid Indexes by Farm Origin and Month, Feed and Livestock & Poultry - United States: 2011=100 Chart.......... 46 Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................................ 46 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons.......... 47 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons............................. 47 Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock and Poultry - United States: 2010-2015....................... 47 Annual Averages for Feed and Livestock & Poultry Indexes - United States: 2011-2015.......................... 47 Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2014 and 2015............................. 48 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015......... 49 Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015..................................................... ............................. 52 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 ................................................................... ............................. 56 Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011 - 2015.......................................... 59 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates.................................................................... ..... 60 Information Contacts..................................................................... .................... 61 December Prices Received by Farmers The December Prices Received Index for agricultural production is 90 percent of its 2011 base, down 2.2 percent from the November index and 11 percent below the December 2014 index. Crop Production: The December index, at 84, increased 2.4 percent from November and is 1.2 percent above December 2014. Index increases for oilseed & grain, vegetable & melon, and other crop production more than offset the index decrease for fruit & tree nut production. Grain and oilseed: The December index, at 66, is 1.5 percent higher than November but is 8.3 percent lower than December 2014. Higher feed grain index and oilseed indexes more than offset the lower food grain index. Feed grain: The December index, at 62, is up 3.3 percent from November but is 3.1 percent below a year ago. The corn price, at $3.65 per bushel, is up 5 cents from last month but is down 14 cents from December 2014. At $5.76 per cwt, sorghum grain is 7 cents below November and $1.57 lower than December a year earlier. Food grain: At 71, the index for December is 2.7 percent lower than the previous month and is 18 percent below a year earlier. The December price for all wheat, at $4.71 per bushel, is down 15 cents from November and is $1.43 below December 2014. Oilseed: At 70, the index for December is up 1.4 percent from November but 15 percent lower than December 2014. The soybean price, at $8.76 per bushel, increased 8 cents from November but is $1.54 below December a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The December index, at 133, is down 3.6 percent from November but 8.1 percent higher than a year earlier. Price decreases during December for oranges more than offset price increases for grapes and apples. Vegetable and melon: At 135, the index for December is up 6.3 percent from November and 41 percent above December 2014. Price increases during December for celery and cauliflower more than offset the lower price for lettuce. Other crop: The December index, at 81, is up 1.3 percent from November but is 2.4 percent below December 2014. The all hay price, at $142 per ton, is unchanged from November but $14.00 lower than December 2014. At 59.9 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is up 0.8 cents from November but is 0.9 cents below December 2014. Livestock Production: The index for December, at 97, is down 7.6 percent from November and 24 percent lower than December a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices for cattle, hogs, broilers, milk, market eggs, and calves are down but prices are higher for turkeys. Meat animal: At 96, the December index is down 7.7 percent from November and 28 percent lower than a year earlier. At $42.80 per cwt, the December hog price is down $3.10 from November and $21.50 lower than a year earlier. The December beef cattle price of $122 per cwt is down $7.00 from the previous month and $42.00 lower than December 2014. Dairy: The index for December, at 86, is down 5.5 percent from November and 15 percent lower than December a year earlier. The December all milk price of $17.20 per cwt is down $1.00 from November and $3.20 less than December 2014. Poultry and egg: At 111, the December index is down 9.8 percent from November and 19 percent below December 2014. The December market egg price, at $1.04 per dozen, decreased 89.0 cents from November and is 62.0 cents below December 2014. The December broiler price, at 47.0 cents per pound, is up 5.0 cents from November but 11.0 cents less than a year earlier. At 88.6 cents per pound, the December turkey price is down 3.6 cents from November but is up 15.2 cents from December 2014. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural Production ........: 101 92 90 Crop Production ..............: 83 82 84 Grain and oilseed ..........: 72 65 66 Feed grain ...............: 64 60 62 Food grain ...............: 87 73 71 Oilseed ..................: 82 69 70 Fruit and tree nut .........: 123 138 133 Vegetable and melon ........: 96 127 135 Other crop .................: 83 80 81 : Livestock Production .........: 127 105 97 Meat animal ................: 134 104 96 Cattle ...................: 149 117 109 Hog ......................: 97 69 64 Dairy ......................: 101 91 86 Poultry and egg ............: 137 123 111 : Food Commodity .................: 115 101 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural Production ........: 1039 950 928 Crop Production ..............: 720 717 734 Livestock Production .........: 1475 1222 1127 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2014 and 2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : Production : Production : Production : Commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 99 97 91 82 116 120 111 108 February ......: 107 99 94 84 121 114 117 107 March .........: 112 102 96 86 128 117 123 110 April .........: 115 103 100 89 131 116 126 111 May ...........: 115 107 100 90 130 122 125 115 June ..........: 113 105 99 88 128 121 123 113 July ..........: 110 99 93 86 133 115 121 106 August ........: 109 102 91 88 130 117 121 110 September .....: 107 98 87 87 132 109 119 103 October .......: 100 89 81 80 135 104 112 95 November ......: 102 92 82 82 134 105 120 101 December ......: 101 90 83 84 127 97 115 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2014 and 2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All Items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : Sector : Sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 108 110 110 111 106 106 111 114 February ......: 109 110 110 111 107 106 112 113 March .........: 110 110 112 111 107 106 113 114 April .........: 112 110 114 111 108 106 116 114 May ...........: 112 110 115 111 108 106 117 113 June ..........: 113 110 116 111 108 106 118 113 July ..........: 113 109 115 110 108 106 118 113 August ........: 112 108 114 109 107 106 116 111 September .....: 112 107 115 107 107 105 118 109 October .......: 112 107 114 107 107 105 117 109 November ......: 112 106 114 106 107 105 117 107 December ......: 111 104 114 104 106 104 117 104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2014 :November 2015 :December 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Austrian winter peas .........dollars/cwt: 19.50 (D) (D) (D) Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 5.16 5.59 5.89 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 2.99 3.03 3.12 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 5.63 5.83 5.99 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 34.10 27.10 23.70 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 16.60 15.10 14.90 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 25.30 27.00 28.20 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 26.70 29.10 32.20 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 20.10 24.90 25.20 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.79 3.60 3.65 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.608 0.591 0.599 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 186.00 234.00 217.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 11.40 8.71 8.62 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 156.00 142.00 142.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 180.00 150.00 150.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 122.00 127.00 129.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 29.90 31.80 29.50 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 3.21 2.10 2.11 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.209 0.178 0.178 Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 11.60 12.10 12.50 : Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 9.78 8.63 8.20 8.54 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 13.60 12.30 12.80 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 12.50 11.50 11.40 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 17.90 15.50 16.20 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 7.33 5.83 5.76 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 10.30 8.68 8.76 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 19.70 18.40 19.40 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 6.14 4.86 4.71 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 6.14 4.66 4.49 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 10.70 6.99 6.93 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.80 4.91 4.77 Hard red winter .........dollars/bushel: 7.07 6.08 4.30 4.33 Soft red winter .........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.64 4.37 4.52 Hard red spring .........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.77 4.88 4.76 White ...................dollars/bushel: 6.58 6.60 5.44 5.37 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 8.92 13.42 10.79 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 21.15 30.46 24.02 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 9.43 17.56 9.71 Tangelos ....................dollars/box: 3.50 8.41 12.19 10.30 Tangerines and mandarins ....dollars/box: 15.30 (D) (D) (D) : Non-citrus, fresh : Apples 1/ .................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.318 0.403 0.454 Grapes 1/ ...................dollars/ton: 628.00 1,680.00 1,810.00 2,070.00 Peaches 1/ ..................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears 1/ ....................dollars/ton: 559.00 702.00 778.00 813.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 209.00 190.00 193.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), Pennsylvania (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2014 :November 2015 :December 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (NA) (NA) (S) Beans, snap 2/ ...............dollars/cwt: 69.00 68.10 72.80 118.00 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 33.10 65.10 84.70 Cantaloupes 2/ ...............dollars/cwt: 16.50 21.30 (D) (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 33.40 31.00 32.90 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 84.80 121.00 184.00 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 28.70 40.60 59.80 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 41.40 24.40 26.00 Cucumbers 2/ .................dollars/cwt: 18.70 34.20 29.30 38.40 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 15.90 60.10 51.90 Onions 3/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 9.56 12.00 12.20 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 66.70 39.30 42.50 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 303.00 217.00 193.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 164.00 129.00 122.00 Cows 4/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 115.00 82.00 74.80 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 166.00 131.00 123.00 Milk cows 5/ 6/ .............dollars/head: 1,420.00 1,990.00 1,980.00 1,830.00 Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 64.30 45.90 42.80 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 64.20 45.80 43.30 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 65.80 48.50 28.40 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 7/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 20.40 18.20 17.20 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 3.86 3.87 3.89 Broilers, live 8/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.580 0.420 0.470 Eggs, all 9/ ...............dollars/dozen: 0.969 1.77 2.00 1.24 Market 9/ 10/ .............dollars/dozen: 0.796 1.66 1.93 1.04 Turkeys, live 11/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.734 0.922 0.886 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 1.52 1.72 1.07 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 116 116 116 Milk, all 7/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.20 20.20 17.10 17.10 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 101 106 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning January 2006, point of first sale. FOB shipping point for prior years. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Includes some processing. 4/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 5/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 6/ Milk cow prices are for January 2015, October 2015, and January 2016. 7/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 8/ Live weight equivalent price. 9/ Mid-month price. 10/ Also referred to as table eggs. 11/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2015 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 8.12 6.65 6.15 6.96 4.42 3.82 14.30 12.90 10.30 February ...: 7.97 6.50 5.89 7.04 4.35 3.79 14.60 13.20 9.91 March ......: 7.79 6.74 5.70 7.13 4.52 3.81 14.60 13.70 9.85 April ......: 7.71 6.82 5.56 6.97 4.71 3.75 14.40 14.30 9.69 May ........: 7.68 7.08 5.33 6.97 4.71 3.64 14.90 14.40 9.58 June .......: 7.37 6.49 5.43 6.97 4.50 3.59 15.10 14.30 9.58 July .......: 6.95 6.15 5.23 6.79 4.06 3.80 15.30 13.10 9.95 August .....: 6.88 5.97 4.85 6.21 3.63 3.68 14.10 12.40 9.71 September ..: 6.80 5.71 4.72 5.40 3.49 3.68 13.30 10.90 9.05 October ....: 6.94 5.71 4.87 4.63 3.57 3.67 12.50 9.97 8.81 November ...: 6.85 6.04 4.86 4.37 3.60 3.60 12.70 10.20 8.68 December ...: 6.73 6.14 4.71 4.41 3.79 3.65 13.00 10.30 8.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2015 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 125.00 138.00 164.00 63.80 61.20 57.40 February .: 123.00 144.00 159.00 64.50 65.50 50.40 March ....: 125.00 148.00 160.00 59.20 81.90 50.30 April ....: 125.00 148.00 162.00 61.80 88.80 49.00 May ......: 126.00 146.00 160.00 68.60 82.80 58.90 June .....: 122.00 147.00 155.00 74.40 84.80 59.90 July .....: 120.00 156.00 149.00 75.80 93.30 58.70 August ...: 121.00 158.00 148.00 74.20 83.20 59.00 September : 122.00 157.00 139.00 70.70 75.70 54.50 October ..: 127.00 161.00 128.00 68.50 77.00 55.50 November .: 130.00 167.00 129.00 63.60 66.70 45.90 December .: 130.00 164.00 122.00 61.50 64.30 42.80 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) Arkansas ...........: 5.97 (D) 4.09 California .........: 7.24 (D) 5.43 Colorado ...........: 6.18 3.98 4.06 Idaho ..............: 6.17 5.20 5.35 Illinois ...........: 5.35 4.16 3.65 Indiana ............: 5.42 4.45 5.05 Kansas .............: 6.19 4.22 4.18 Michigan ...........: 6.11 5.81 5.63 Minnesota ..........: 5.64 5.00 4.72 : Missouri ...........: 5.61 3.32 3.73 Montana ............: 6.36 5.13 5.17 Nebraska ...........: 5.93 3.97 4.00 North Carolina .....: 5.29 4.86 4.98 North Dakota .......: 6.05 4.96 4.86 Ohio ...............: 6.08 4.24 4.38 Oklahoma ...........: 6.23 4.17 4.45 Oregon .............: 7.30 5.49 5.25 South Dakota .......: 5.88 4.66 4.70 Texas ..............: 6.03 3.91 3.84 Washington .........: 6.82 5.54 5.36 : United States ......: 6.14 4.86 4.71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 5.97 (D) 4.09 California .........: 7.24 (D) 5.45 Colorado ...........: 6.19 3.98 4.07 Idaho ..............: 6.01 5.18 5.32 Illinois ...........: 5.35 4.16 3.65 Indiana ............: 5.42 4.45 5.05 Kansas .............: 6.19 4.22 4.18 Michigan ...........: 6.11 5.81 5.63 Minnesota ..........: 5.56 4.24 (D) Missouri ...........: 5.61 3.32 3.73 : Montana ............: 5.99 4.78 4.91 Nebraska ...........: 5.93 3.97 4.00 North Carolina .....: 5.29 4.86 4.98 North Dakota .......: 4.85 3.90 3.71 Ohio ...............: 6.08 4.24 4.38 Oklahoma ...........: 6.23 4.17 4.45 Oregon .............: 7.25 5.46 5.23 South Dakota .......: 5.81 4.15 4.17 Texas ..............: 6.03 3.91 3.84 Washington .........: 6.69 5.49 5.31 : United States ......: 6.14 4.66 4.49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (S) (S) (D) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 10.60 (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 10.90 7.05 7.02 : United States ......: 10.70 6.99 6.93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: (D) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: 6.41 5.13 5.40 Minnesota ..........: 5.64 5.00 4.72 Montana ............: 6.21 5.11 4.95 North Dakota .......: 5.56 4.71 4.64 Oregon .............: 7.64 5.71 5.37 South Dakota .......: 5.92 4.78 4.83 Washington .........: 7.45 5.82 5.59 : United States ......: 5.80 4.91 4.77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (S) (D) (D) Iowa ...............: 3.76 2.71 2.64 Michigan ...........: (D) 1.84 (D) Minnesota ..........: 2.89 2.39 2.12 Montana ............: (D) (D) (S) Nebraska ...........: 2.92 (D) (D) New York ...........: (D) (D) 2.33 North Dakota .......: 2.36 2.08 2.26 Oregon .............: (D) (D) (S) Pennsylvania .......: (S) (D) (D) South Dakota .......: 3.15 2.01 2.03 Texas ..............: (S) (S) (D) Wisconsin ..........: 3.23 1.89 1.89 : United States ......: 3.21 2.10 2.11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: (S) 6.23 (D) Idaho ..............: 5.22 5.79 6.22 Minnesota ..........: 5.45 5.28 5.22 Montana ............: 4.90 5.86 6.06 North Dakota .......: 5.31 5.04 5.00 Oregon .............: (D) (D) (D) Utah ...............: (D) (D) 3.56 Washington .........: 3.34 3.12 2.96 Wyoming ............: (D) 6.22 (D) : United States ......: 5.16 5.59 5.89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 5.75 6.05 6.48 Minnesota ..........: 5.45 5.30 5.30 Montana ............: 5.58 6.04 6.11 North Dakota .......: 5.43 5.11 5.04 Wyoming ............: (D) 6.22 (D) : United States ......: 5.63 5.83 5.99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 2.91 3.07 3.00 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) 2.93 Montana ............: 2.71 2.80 (D) North Dakota .......: 2.74 2.23 2.29 Wyoming ............: (S) (S) (D) : United States ......: 2.99 3.03 3.12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arkansas ...........: 7.25 7.82 7.20 Illinois ...........: (D) (D) 6.72 Kansas .............: 7.30 5.62 5.57 Louisiana ..........: (D) (D) 7.76 Missouri ...........: 6.96 6.74 6.44 Nebraska ...........: 7.48 5.82 5.78 Oklahoma ...........: 7.87 5.97 6.04 Texas ..............: 7.24 6.34 6.20 : United States ......: 7.33 5.83 5.76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 4.13 3.72 3.66 Illinois ...........: 3.81 3.69 3.79 Indiana ............: 3.80 3.99 3.88 Iowa ...............: 3.79 3.53 3.53 Kansas .............: 3.90 3.72 3.63 Kentucky ...........: 3.95 3.76 3.96 Michigan ...........: 3.63 3.50 3.56 Minnesota ..........: 3.73 3.43 3.44 Missouri ...........: 3.62 3.75 3.80 Nebraska ...........: 3.79 3.62 3.64 : North Carolina .....: 4.51 4.21 4.41 North Dakota .......: 3.49 3.26 3.23 Ohio ...............: 3.90 3.87 4.01 Pennsylvania .......: 3.95 3.77 3.93 South Dakota .......: 3.43 3.28 3.32 Tennessee ..........: 4.26 3.98 4.01 Texas ..............: 4.50 4.03 4.12 Wisconsin ..........: 3.69 3.42 3.38 : United States ......: 3.79 3.60 3.65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 10.70 9.25 9.32 Illinois ...........: 10.50 8.92 8.99 Indiana ............: 10.50 8.77 8.95 Iowa ...............: 10.00 8.58 8.45 Kansas .............: 9.75 8.21 8.27 Kentucky ...........: 10.70 9.11 9.22 Louisiana ..........: 10.90 9.89 9.67 Michigan ...........: 10.10 8.30 8.40 Minnesota ..........: 10.10 8.51 8.55 Mississippi ........: 11.10 9.62 9.83 : Missouri ...........: 10.30 8.89 8.91 Nebraska ...........: 9.88 8.33 8.36 North Carolina .....: 10.10 8.49 8.36 North Dakota .......: 9.82 8.21 8.23 Ohio ...............: 10.60 8.83 9.06 South Dakota .......: 9.85 8.51 8.26 Tennessee ..........: 10.70 9.15 9.21 Wisconsin ..........: 10.00 8.36 8.44 : United States ......: 10.30 8.68 8.76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: 65.60 77.50 71.70 Colorado ...........: 24.00 19.50 26.20 Idaho ..............: 27.10 35.70 33.90 Michigan ...........: 38.10 27.00 25.30 Minnesota ..........: (D) 32.50 29.40 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 29.70 23.60 21.00 : United States ......: 34.10 27.10 23.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.208 0.130 0.141 Florida ............: 0.216 0.190 0.153 Georgia ............: 0.202 0.177 0.183 Mississippi ........: 0.190 0.169 0.112 New Mexico .........: (S) 0.216 (S) North Carolina .....: 0.258 0.201 0.208 Oklahoma ...........: 0.093 0.215 0.211 South Carolina .....: 0.243 0.083 0.082 Texas ..............: 0.202 0.216 0.207 Virginia ...........: (S) 0.215 (S) : United States ......: 0.209 0.178 0.178 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Colorado ...........: (D) (S) (D) Kansas .............: 18.60 21.20 20.10 Minnesota ..........: (D) 21.20 19.00 North Dakota .......: 21.90 19.00 21.30 South Dakota .......: 17.60 16.80 17.30 : United States ......: 19.70 18.40 19.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (S) North Dakota .......: 16.60 15.10 14.90 : United States ......: 16.60 15.10 14.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 11.40 8.71 8.62 : United States ......: 11.40 8.71 8.62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: 0.630 0.656 0.609 186.00 204.00 203.00 Arizona ............: 0.648 0.628 0.638 282.00 303.00 323.00 Arkansas ...........: 0.605 0.592 0.609 (S) 285.00 (S) California .........: (D) (S) (S) (S) 299.00 (D) Georgia ............: 0.630 0.637 0.623 173.00 195.00 194.00 Louisiana ..........: 0.609 0.567 0.579 (S) (S) 270.00 Mississippi ........: 0.612 0.585 0.608 (S) 280.00 265.00 North Carolina .....: 0.660 0.577 0.559 195.00 235.00 218.00 Tennessee ..........: 0.602 0.593 0.608 (S) 272.00 (S) Texas ..............: 0.594 0.569 0.591 183.00 227.00 225.00 : United States ......: 0.608 0.591 0.599 186.00 234.00 217.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.608 0.591 0.599 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 3,721 1,007 2,359 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 13.60 12.30 12.80 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 17,627 13,160 14,793 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.50 11.50 11.40 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 13,776 10,267 10,432 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.30 18.60 18.90 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 15.00 11.90 11.80 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 17.90 15.50 16.20 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 3,851 2,893 4,361 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ......: 201.00 141.00 141.00 200.00 140.00 140.00 220.00 200.00 200.00 California ...: 207.00 152.00 157.00 220.00 160.00 165.00 160.00 120.00 120.00 Colorado .....: 200.00 159.00 159.00 200.00 160.00 160.00 195.00 150.00 150.00 Idaho ........: 199.00 178.00 188.00 200.00 180.00 190.00 170.00 150.00 150.00 Illinois .....: 159.00 145.00 150.00 180.00 160.00 170.00 115.00 100.00 110.00 Iowa .........: 132.00 120.00 110.00 144.00 125.00 120.00 105.00 95.00 94.00 Kansas .......: 140.00 101.00 105.00 154.00 110.00 114.00 92.00 80.00 76.00 Kentucky .....: 118.00 131.00 139.00 195.00 215.00 220.00 95.00 110.00 115.00 Michigan .....: 163.00 187.00 144.00 180.00 200.00 160.00 140.00 170.00 130.00 Minnesota ....: 140.00 93.00 93.00 158.00 109.00 105.00 94.00 76.00 73.00 : Missouri .....: 91.00 93.00 95.00 170.00 160.00 170.00 75.00 75.00 80.00 Montana ......: 123.00 124.00 119.00 125.00 125.00 120.00 115.00 120.00 110.00 Nebraska .....: 94.00 84.00 85.00 98.00 89.00 89.00 85.00 75.00 76.00 Nevada .......: 235.00 166.00 161.00 235.00 165.00 160.00 220.00 195.00 175.00 New Mexico ...: 223.00 179.00 179.00 235.00 185.00 185.00 145.00 145.00 145.00 New York .....: 136.00 192.00 173.00 222.00 200.00 225.00 132.00 192.00 170.00 North Dakota .: 83.00 79.00 77.00 85.00 80.00 78.00 59.00 58.00 57.00 Ohio .........: 144.00 152.00 150.00 175.00 200.00 200.00 120.00 120.00 110.00 Oklahoma .....: 93.00 124.00 136.00 193.00 162.00 180.00 86.00 68.00 83.00 Oregon .......: 216.00 207.00 186.00 240.00 220.00 200.00 190.00 190.00 170.00 : Pennsylvania .: 212.00 241.00 234.00 240.00 253.00 231.00 208.00 235.00 234.00 South Dakota .: 112.00 102.00 107.00 119.00 107.00 111.00 94.00 87.00 92.00 Texas ........: 82.00 95.00 97.00 233.00 212.00 205.00 67.00 76.00 82.00 Utah .........: 179.00 160.00 160.00 180.00 160.00 160.00 145.00 130.00 130.00 Washington ...: 210.00 169.00 169.00 210.00 165.00 160.00 210.00 180.00 185.00 Wisconsin ....: 154.00 88.00 91.00 165.00 93.00 98.00 95.00 68.00 64.00 Wyoming ......: 136.00 117.00 111.00 140.00 120.00 115.00 125.00 100.00 100.00 : United States : 156.00 142.00 142.00 180.00 150.00 150.00 122.00 127.00 129.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Prices at point of first sale for other States] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apples, fresh use State :----------------------------------------------------------- : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Michigan ...........: 0.385 0.330 0.335 New York ...........: 0.300 0.326 0.298 Pennsylvania .......: 0.312 0.294 0.379 Virginia ...........: 0.270 0.250 0.250 Washington .........: 0.314 0.430 0.477 : United States ......: 0.318 0.403 0.454 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2014 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 17.49 (D) (D) 15.49 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 25.20 10.52 14.43 3.04 8.01 12.19 0.01 White ...........................: 25.70 9.24 14.80 3.25 6.87 12.65 0.65 Red .............................: 25.20 10.68 14.40 3.00 8.15 12.15 -0.10 Texas .............................: 23.80 10.03 12.20 (D) 8.45 10.59 (D) : United States .....................: 25.00 11.16 14.57 2.67 8.92 12.49 0.03 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 50.10 27.68 40.65 (D) 21.98 34.51 (D) : United States .....................: 50.30 26.82 40.83 (D) 21.15 34.69 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 31.20 19.29 21.85 (D) 16.66 19.24 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 31.20 19.29 21.85 (D) 16.66 19.24 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 30.90 10.18 19.75 9.55 7.53 17.15 6.90 Early and mids ..................: 30.90 10.18 19.75 9.55 7.53 17.15 6.90 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 31.10 12.07 21.41 9.25 9.43 18.80 6.60 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: 26.50 11.76 14.85 6.65 8.41 11.70 2.95 : United States .....................: 26.50 11.76 14.85 6.65 8.41 11.70 2.95 : Tangerines and mandarins : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: (D) 27.49 33.13 0.42 24.40 30.32 -4.02 Florida ...........................: 41.10 20.44 27.70 7.57 16.85 24.45 3.37 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2015 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 16.43 (D) (D) 13.91 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 29.70 15.72 18.86 5.77 13.29 16.62 2.74 White ...........................: 34.20 18.26 23.30 5.90 15.98 21.15 3.30 Red .............................: 29.10 15.37 18.30 5.75 12.92 16.05 2.65 Texas .............................: 31.50 15.29 19.90 (D) 13.72 18.29 (D) : United States .....................: 29.90 15.65 19.14 4.48 13.42 17.05 1.82 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 55.90 36.50 46.26 (D) 30.54 40.00 (D) : United States .....................: 56.20 36.41 46.53 (D) 30.46 40.27 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 33.40 21.33 23.86 (D) 18.65 21.20 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 33.40 21.33 23.86 (D) 18.65 21.20 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 34.60 16.24 23.45 7.25 13.62 20.85 4.60 Early and mids ..................: 34.60 16.24 23.45 7.25 13.62 20.85 4.60 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 32.40 18.20 20.80 (D) 16.40 18.97 (D) Early and mids ..................: 32.40 18.20 20.80 (D) 16.40 18.97 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 33.50 20.19 23.68 (D) 17.56 21.06 0.88 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: 31.90 15.51 20.25 5.15 12.19 17.10 1.45 : United States .....................: 31.90 15.51 20.25 5.15 12.19 17.10 1.45 : Tangerines and mandarins : California ........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ...........................: 50.40 22.24 37.00 6.60 18.53 33.75 2.40 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2015 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 19.17 (D) (D) 16.73 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 28.10 13.20 17.26 7.09 10.66 15.02 4.11 White ...........................: 31.00 12.86 20.10 6.75 10.47 17.95 4.15 Red .............................: 27.60 13.27 16.80 7.20 10.71 14.55 4.10 Texas .............................: 27.10 10.96 15.50 (D) 9.40 13.89 (D) : United States .....................: 27.80 13.01 17.19 5.29 10.79 15.14 2.74 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 52.30 30.57 42.66 (D) 24.71 36.40 (D) : United States .....................: 52.00 29.86 42.39 (D) 24.02 36.13 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 31.60 19.67 22.06 (D) 16.99 19.40 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 31.60 19.67 22.06 (D) 16.99 19.40 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 31.40 9.62 20.25 8.95 6.97 17.65 6.30 Early and mids ..................: 31.40 9.62 20.25 8.95 6.97 17.65 6.30 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 30.40 14.57 18.80 (D) 12.79 16.97 (D) Early and mids ..................: 30.40 14.57 18.80 (D) 12.79 16.97 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 31.50 12.35 21.63 8.53 9.71 19.02 5.88 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: 29.80 13.64 18.15 5.50 10.30 15.00 1.80 : United States .....................: 29.80 13.64 18.15 5.50 10.30 15.00 1.80 : Tangerines and mandarins : California ........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ...........................: 51.70 27.53 38.30 6.90 23.95 35.05 2.70 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Potatoes - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California, all 1/ ...: 9.20 9.90 9.85 Spring .............: (S) (S) (S) Fall ...............: 9.20 9.90 9.85 Colorado, all 1/ .....: 9.15 9.05 8.05 Fresh 2/ ...........: 10.20 10.00 9.40 Florida ..............: (S) (S) (S) Idaho, all 1/ ........: 6.85 6.70 6.45 Fresh 2/ ...........: (D) 6.10 5.55 Processing .........: (D) 7.20 7.30 Maine ................: (D) (D) (D) : Michigan .............: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ............: 9.20 9.60 10.20 New York .............: (D) (D) (D) North Carolina .......: (S) (S) (S) North Dakota, all 1/ .: (D) (D) (D) Fresh 2/ ...........: (D) (D) (D) Processing .........: (D) (D) (D) Oregon ...............: 7.25 7.80 8.45 Texas ................: (D) (D) (D) Virginia .............: (S) (S) (S) : Washington, all 1/ ...: 8.40 7.50 8.10 Processing .........: (D) 7.15 7.85 Wisconsin, all 1/ ....: 9.65 9.50 8.95 Fresh 2/ ...........: 9.50 9.70 9.00 Processing .........: 9.80 9.35 8.90 : United States, all 1/ : 8.63 8.20 8.54 Fresh 2/ ...........: 9.40 8.62 8.88 Processing .........: 8.23 7.93 8.29 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed, and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only. Includes table stock prices. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December 2014 : November 2015 : December 2015 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 19.60 3.57 17.60 3.63 16.70 3.62 California .........: 17.90 3.81 16.12 3.82 15.82 3.88 Colorado ...........: 21.60 3.70 19.00 3.75 18.10 3.78 Florida ............: 26.90 3.65 22.20 3.64 21.50 3.62 Idaho ..............: 19.40 3.92 17.60 3.97 16.70 4.02 Illinois ...........: 21.20 3.98 18.30 3.89 17.40 3.89 Indiana ............: 21.20 3.82 19.00 3.84 17.50 3.85 Iowa ...............: 20.90 3.82 18.00 3.93 17.20 3.93 Kansas .............: 20.60 3.90 18.20 3.85 16.70 3.89 Michigan ...........: 20.50 3.78 17.80 3.75 16.50 3.74 : Minnesota ..........: 20.50 3.96 17.70 4.00 17.00 4.01 New Mexico .........: 19.40 3.70 17.50 3.72 16.00 3.78 New York ...........: 22.30 3.90 20.00 3.88 18.80 3.86 Ohio ...............: 21.80 3.91 19.60 3.86 17.80 3.89 Oregon .............: 21.70 4.09 19.80 4.12 18.80 4.14 Pennsylvania .......: 22.60 3.86 20.30 3.85 19.20 3.85 South Dakota .......: 21.20 4.08 19.00 4.16 18.20 4.18 Texas ..............: 20.70 4.00 19.10 4.04 17.80 4.08 Utah ...............: 21.50 3.84 18.40 3.95 17.80 4.00 Vermont ............: 22.80 3.93 20.10 3.89 19.00 3.86 : Virginia ...........: 25.00 3.81 21.40 3.81 20.20 3.79 Washington .........: 21.30 4.09 19.40 4.12 18.30 4.14 Wisconsin ..........: 20.70 3.85 18.20 3.85 17.20 3.85 : United States ......: 20.40 3.86 18.20 3.87 17.20 3.89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : October 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 2,000.00 2,100.00 1,900.00 California .........: 1,800.00 2,100.00 1,800.00 Colorado ...........: 2,100.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 Florida ............: 2,170.00 2,030.00 1,800.00 Idaho ..............: 2,000.00 2,050.00 1,850.00 Illinois ...........: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,850.00 Indiana ............: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,800.00 Iowa ...............: 2,030.00 1,980.00 1,860.00 Kansas .............: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,830.00 Michigan ...........: 2,200.00 2,100.00 2,000.00 : Minnesota ..........: 1,870.00 1,820.00 1,730.00 New Mexico .........: 2,000.00 1,900.00 1,900.00 New York ...........: 1,910.00 1,750.00 1,700.00 Ohio ...............: 2,000.00 1,800.00 1,750.00 Oregon .............: 2,000.00 1,950.00 1,850.00 Pennsylvania .......: 2,000.00 1,820.00 1,780.00 South Dakota .......: 1,980.00 1,850.00 1,700.00 Texas ..............: 2,100.00 2,000.00 1,850.00 Utah ...............: 1,900.00 1,900.00 1,700.00 Vermont ............: 1,980.00 1,870.00 1,830.00 : Virginia ...........: 2,060.00 1,880.00 1,770.00 Washington .........: 1,950.00 1,950.00 1,800.00 Wisconsin ..........: 2,160.00 2,050.00 1,910.00 : United States ......: 1,990.00 1,980.00 1,830.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2015, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2015, the 10-average includes the years 2005-2014). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price :December :November :December :December :November :December : : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------- : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.624 18.50 17.90 17.60 33 27 27 Rice ....................cwt: 1.34 39.60 38.40 37.90 34 32 34 Corn .................bushel: 0.444 13.30 12.70 12.50 28 28 29 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.066 1.98 1.89 1.87 31 31 32 American Pima .......pound: 0.136 4.11 3.90 3.84 42 40 40 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.024 0.720 0.688 0.678 29 26 26 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.200 (NA) 63.10 62.20 (NA) 39 41 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.330 (NA) 95.50 94.10 (NA) 30 34 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.280 (NA) 65.40 64.40 (NA) 49 46 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.83 54.30 52.50 51.70 37 33 33 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.150 4.41 4.30 4.24 48 49 50 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.117 3.42 3.36 3.31 42 43 44 Mohair ................pound: 0.378 10.80 10.80 10.70 39 45 45 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.033 1.020 0.946 0.933 31 43 49 Barley ...............bushel: 0.467 13.60 13.40 13.20 38 42 45 Canola ..................cwt: 1.880 56.10 53.90 53.10 30 28 28 Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.20 573.00 551.00 543.00 32 42 40 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.25 95.90 93.20 91.80 36 29 26 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.170 34.50 33.60 33.10 33 26 26 Oats .................bushel: 0.295 8.51 8.46 8.34 38 25 25 Potatoes ................cwt: 0.846 25.00 24.30 23.90 35 34 36 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.757 22.40 21.70 21.40 33 27 27 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.080 31.80 31.00 30.50 32 28 29 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.13 63.60 61.10 60.20 31 30 32 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.777 21.70 22.30 22.00 41 60 49 Lemons ..................box: 1.49 40.80 42.70 42.10 52 71 57 Oranges .................box: 0.806 23.10 23.10 22.80 41 76 43 Tangerines ..............box: 1.75 48.30 50.20 49.50 48 32 30 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 10.80 312.00 310.00 305.00 53 42 40 Calves ..................cwt: 15.30 429.00 439.00 432.00 71 49 45 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.81 173.00 167.00 164.00 37 27 26 Eggs 1/ ...............dozen: 0.094 2.76 2.70 2.66 55 64 40 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.061 1.800 1.750 1.720 41 53 52 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.325 9.53 9.32 9.18 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.07 89.60 88.00 86.80 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.43 68.70 69.70 68.70 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.614 17.40 17.60 17.40 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.16 62.70 61.90 61.00 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.64 48.00 47.00 46.30 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.08 62.70 59.70 58.80 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.181 5.55 5.19 5.12 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.259 7.97 7.43 7.32 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.181 5.61 5.19 5.12 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.171 5.07 4.90 4.83 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.234 7.20 6.71 6.61 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.181 5.46 5.19 5.12 Cigar binder, 51 ................pound: 0.632 19.00 18.10 17.90 : : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 18.10 543.00 519.00 512.00 Apricots : Fresh 3/ ..........................ton: 119.00 3,480.00 3,410.00 3,360.00 Dried (California) ................ton: 257.00 7,850.00 7,370.00 7,260.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 183.00 5,550.00 5,250.00 5,170.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 215.00 6,480.00 6,170.00 6,080.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.033 0.989 0.946 0.933 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 4.44 138.00 127.00 125.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 152.00 4,860.00 4,360.00 4,300.00 : Grapes (California) : Raisin variety 5/ .................ton: 144.00 4,260.00 4,130.00 4,070.00 Wine, processing ..................ton: 66.60 (NA) 1,910.00 1,880.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 90.00 2,680.00 2,580.00 2,540.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 60.90 1,720.00 1,750.00 1,720.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 95.60 2,810.00 2,740.00 2,700.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.041 1.26 1.18 1.16 Peaches : Fresh 4/ 6/ ......................ton: 87.00 2,500.00 2,500.00 2,460.00 Dried (California) 1/ 5/ .........ton: 46.50 1,430.00 1,330.00 1,310.00 Processing, excludes dried : Clingstone (California) 4/ ....ton: 33.50 989.00 961.00 947.00 : Pears, Fresh 6/ ....................ton: 57.70 1,710.00 1,650.00 1,630.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 62.30 1,800.00 1,790.00 1,760.00 Prunes, dried (California) 1/ 2/ 5/ ton: 157.00 4,560.00 4,500.00 4,440.00 Prunes and plums : Fresh, excludes California 7/ ....ton: 62.90 1,880.00 1,800.00 1,780.00 Processing, excludes dried 1/ ....ton: 23.90 735.00 685.00 675.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 9.040 264.00 259.00 255.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.38 98.40 96.90 95.50 Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 5.34 163.00 153.00 151.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.55 106.00 102.00 100.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.236 6.81 6.77 6.67 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 222.00 6,240.00 6,370.00 6,270.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.227 6.24 6.51 6.42 Walnuts ............................ton: 223.00 6,090.00 6,400.00 6,300.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.63 79.80 75.40 74.30 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.17 123.00 120.00 118.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 1.99 61.50 57.10 56.20 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 1.98 59.10 56.80 56.00 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.17 64.80 62.20 61.30 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.41 40.20 40.40 39.80 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.21 130.00 121.00 119.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Rice: August 1 to July 31 for United States; July 1 to June 30 for Louisiana and Texas; August 1 to July 31 for Arkansas and Mississippi; October 1 to September 30 for California; September 1 to August 31 for Missouri. Sweet Potatoes: July - June for United States; July 1 to June 30 for Alabama and California; July 1 to May 31 for Arkansas, Louisiana, North Carolina and Texas; August 1 to July 31 for Mississippi and New Jersey; and January 1 to December 31 for Florida. Sweet Potato Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2013 - 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Alabama .................: 28.50 24.10 23.80 Arkansas ................: 32.20 (D) 26.70 California ..............: 24.60 30.10 27.50 Florida .................: (D) (D) (D) Louisiana ...............: 17.90 17.40 21.00 Mississippi .............: 16.40 19.30 21.20 New Jersey ..............: 29.50 36.90 31.00 North Carolina ..........: 24.90 22.00 20.30 Texas ...................: (D) 27.60 (D) : United States ...........: 24.10 23.90 23.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Preliminary. Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2012 through 2014 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : All rice : Arkansas ..............: 14.30 15.20 12.00 California ............: 18.60 20.90 21.80 Louisiana .............: 14.40 15.50 12.90 Mississippi ...........: 14.60 15.40 12.20 Missouri ..............: 14.10 15.10 11.00 Texas .................: 15.20 16.40 13.80 : United States 1/ ......: 15.10 16.30 13.40 : Long grain : United States 1/ ......: 14.50 15.40 11.90 : Medium and short grain : California ............: 18.40 20.70 21.60 Other States 1/ .......: 14.70 15.70 14.40 : United States 1/ ......: 17.40 19.20 18.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July. All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 :2015-2016 2/: 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 :2015-2016 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars per cwt ------- ----------- 1,000 cwt ----------- : August ....: 15.80 15.50 12.00 8,879 9,798 10,973 September .: 15.60 14.40 11.90 11,420 10,055 12,292 October ...: 16.10 13.90 12.30 13,239 17,576 16,319 November ..: 16.30 14.50 12.30 9,462 13,906 13,160 December ..: 16.50 13.60 12.80 11,544 17,627 14,793 January 3/ : 17.10 15.10 19,762 17,091 February ..: 16.70 12.80 13,495 12,456 March .....: 16.40 12.60 12,694 14,560 April .....: 16.20 12.60 8,573 15,918 May .......: 16.20 12.50 7,858 13,145 June ......: 16.30 12.00 7,777 14,657 July ......: 16.10 11.60 8,013 16,542 : MYA .......: 16.30 13.40 132,716 173,331 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2014 - November 2015. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2017 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 2/ : 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt ------------- : August ....: 15.20 14.30 10.40 6,566 7,692 8,646 September .: 15.30 13.60 10.90 10,032 8,490 10,141 October ...: 15.40 12.90 11.50 10,856 14,328 12,730 November ..: 15.40 12.50 11.50 6,873 9,509 10,267 December ..: 15.50 12.50 11.40 8,144 13,776 10,432 January 3/ : 15.50 12.50 12,223 11,456 February ..: 15.50 11.80 9,794 10,047 March .....: 15.50 11.40 9,729 11,772 April .....: 15.60 11.10 6,983 12,163 May .......: 15.50 10.90 6,218 9,945 June ......: 15.60 10.40 6,356 11,417 July ......: 15.40 9.95 6,691 12,964 : MYA .......: 15.40 11.90 100,465 133,559 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2014 - November 2015. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2017 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings - United States: Marketing Years 2013-2014 through 2015-2016 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 2/ : 2013-2014 : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt ------------- : August ....: 17.40 20.20 18.20 2,313 2,106 2,327 September .: 17.80 18.60 16.60 1,388 1,565 2,151 October ...: 19.50 18.30 14.90 2,383 3,248 3,589 November ..: 18.90 18.80 15.50 2,589 4,397 2,893 December ..: 18.90 17.90 16.20 3,400 3,851 4,361 January 3/ : 19.80 20.40 7,539 5,635 February ..: 19.60 17.10 3,701 2,409 March .....: 19.30 17.60 2,965 2,788 April .....: 18.50 17.30 1,590 3,755 May .......: 18.70 17.50 1,640 3,200 June ......: 19.70 17.70 1,421 3,240 July ......: 19.90 17.40 1,322 3,578 : MYA .......: 19.20 18.30 32,251 39,772 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2014 - November 2015. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2017 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2014-2015 through 2015-2016 [Marketing year for California: October - September. Marketing Year for Other States: August - July. Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : California : Other States Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 1/ : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars per cwt ------ ------ dollars per cwt ------ : August ....: (NA) 20.80 15.60 12.90 September .: (NA) 20.50 15.30 12.20 October ...: 21.60 20.20 14.80 12.10 November ..: 22.50 18.60 14.90 11.90 December ..: 21.30 18.90 15.00 11.80 January 2/ : 23.20 14.90 February ..: 21.10 14.40 March .....: 21.10 14.70 April .....: 20.80 14.30 May .......: 21.40 13.80 June ......: 21.00 13.30 July ......: 21.30 12.90 August ....: 20.80 12.90 September .: 20.50 12.20 : MYA .......: 21.60 14.40 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for August 2015 - November 2015. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price for California will be published in the January 2017 "Agricultural Prices" report. 2/ Second year. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 91 98 100 102 101 102 102 104 100 98 101 102 100 2012 ..: 100 101 103 102 102 102 105 107 107 109 111 108 105 2013 ..: 111 109 110 108 110 110 107 106 103 100 99 101 107 2014 ..: 99 107 112 115 115 113 110 109 107 100 102 101 108 2015 ..: 97 99 102 103 107 105 99 102 98 89 92 90 99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 91 101 99 102 103 102 102 103 99 96 99 102 100 2012 ..: 99 100 102 104 105 104 110 112 110 111 112 108 107 2013 ..: 112 111 112 108 109 110 107 105 100 95 91 92 106 2014 ..: 91 94 96 100 100 99 93 91 87 81 82 83 92 2015 ..: 82 84 86 89 90 88 86 88 87 80 82 84 86 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grain and oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 87 97 96 105 105 103 101 108 102 96 97 102 100 2012 ..: 99 102 105 107 106 104 115 122 114 113 115 114 110 2013 ..: 115 116 116 114 115 113 108 103 96 90 84 86 105 2014 ..: 86 86 88 92 91 88 81 76 72 71 69 72 82 2015 ..: 74 73 72 71 69 69 71 69 67 67 65 66 70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 92 98 98 103 103 98 95 102 101 104 104 101 100 2012 ..: 100 99 101 100 95 92 106 108 110 111 113 111 104 2013 ..: 110 108 107 106 106 101 95 95 97 101 101 98 101 2014 ..: 98 97 99 99 102 90 85 83 82 83 88 87 90 2015 ..: 90 84 82 81 79 75 71 68 69 73 73 71 75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 82 93 92 105 104 105 104 113 106 95 97 103 100 2012 ..: 101 104 105 105 105 106 118 126 115 113 117 114 111 2013 ..: 116 117 119 116 116 116 112 103 90 77 73 74 102 2014 ..: 74 73 76 79 79 75 69 63 59 60 60 64 69 2015 ..: 64 64 64 63 61 61 64 65 63 62 60 62 63 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 92 100 101 104 104 104 104 105 97 94 94 100 100 2012 ..: 96 99 105 111 113 112 123 127 115 114 114 114 112 2013 ..: 114 116 116 114 118 119 120 110 105 100 100 103 112 2014 ..: 102 104 108 113 113 111 103 97 87 80 81 82 99 2015 ..: 82 79 79 78 77 77 80 78 72 70 69 70 76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fruit and tree nut :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 103 93 95 96 99 98 104 104 100 100 102 106 100 2012 ..: 106 101 104 107 109 112 108 114 120 126 126 115 112 2013 ..: 107 106 107 101 109 115 112 120 123 126 127 123 119 2014 ..: 128 131 130 127 129 138 136 132 132 133 136 123 134 2015 ..: 123 122 126 126 133 131 122 128 129 131 138 133 131 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables & melons :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 106 135 123 101 104 103 101 82 81 77 96 91 100 2012 ..: 79 77 83 91 98 99 95 93 93 90 101 87 92 2013 ..: 126 109 114 99 97 98 104 105 91 99 96 94 104 2014 ..: 92 98 98 102 106 116 106 99 94 96 113 96 103 2015 ..: 111 87 95 105 102 110 107 106 107 102 127 135 109 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other crop :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 88 92 90 95 101 101 105 106 107 107 105 103 100 2012 ..: 103 106 106 107 107 104 103 102 108 102 96 96 103 2013 ..: 97 101 103 102 105 109 105 102 103 97 93 93 100 2014 ..: 92 92 93 96 100 104 104 97 98 92 85 83 95 2015 ..: 81 80 83 85 91 92 91 85 90 84 80 81 86 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food commodity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 93 99 102 102 101 101 102 102 98 98 101 101 100 2012 ..: 99 100 103 101 101 101 102 104 105 109 111 109 104 2013 ..: 110 108 109 107 110 109 106 107 107 107 109 109 109 2014 ..: 111 117 123 126 125 123 121 121 119 112 120 115 120 2015 ..: 108 107 110 111 115 113 106 110 103 95 101 97 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 91 95 100 103 100 101 102 104 99 101 103 101 100 2012 ..: 101 102 104 99 99 99 98 101 102 105 109 109 102 2013 ..: 108 106 107 107 111 109 107 106 107 109 112 112 109 2014 ..: 116 121 128 131 130 128 133 130 132 135 134 127 129 2015 ..: 120 114 117 116 122 121 115 117 109 104 105 97 113 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Meat animal :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 92 95 100 105 100 97 101 102 100 104 104 100 100 2012 ..: 104 106 108 104 103 105 102 102 100 103 104 104 104 2013 ..: 105 104 103 104 108 107 107 107 108 110 110 108 107 2014 ..: 114 119 128 131 128 129 138 137 134 140 140 134 131 2015 ..: 131 125 127 127 130 127 122 123 114 109 104 96 120 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 95 96 102 106 99 95 99 98 99 104 107 100 100 2012 ..: 107 109 111 108 106 105 100 102 106 107 109 109 107 2013 ..: 110 108 109 109 110 106 105 106 109 113 115 115 109 2014 ..: 122 127 131 131 129 130 138 141 141 149 154 149 137 2015 ..: 148 142 144 146 143 139 133 133 125 118 117 109 133 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hog :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 84 92 94 102 103 105 108 114 101 103 97 98 100 2012 ..: 95 98 98 94 94 106 108 101 84 93 92 94 97 2013 ..: 96 97 89 93 103 112 114 112 106 103 96 92 101 2014 ..: 92 98 123 134 125 128 140 125 114 116 100 97 116 2015 ..: 86 76 76 74 89 90 88 89 82 83 69 64 80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dairy :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 83 95 101 97 97 105 108 110 105 99 102 98 100 2012 ..: 94 88 86 84 81 81 84 91 98 107 110 103 92 2013 ..: 100 97 95 97 98 97 95 98 100 104 107 109 100 2014 ..: 117 123 125 126 120 115 116 120 128 124 114 101 119 2015 ..: 88 84 83 82 83 84 83 83 87 88 91 86 85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 93 93 99 104 102 103 100 105 96 97 103 106 100 2012 ..: 99 105 116 105 107 106 103 107 109 107 120 122 109 2013 ..: 124 123 132 127 136 129 122 114 115 113 122 124 123 2014 ..: 119 122 134 139 145 139 136 124 133 134 139 137 133 2015 ..: 127 119 133 129 146 149 131 136 120 108 123 111 128 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 941 1009 1031 1056 1047 1048 1054 1070 1027 1011 1040 1049 1032 2012 ..: 1027 1039 1065 1049 1049 1051 1079 1103 1099 1123 1146 1119 1083 2013 ..: 1141 1121 1132 1111 1138 1131 1105 1090 1067 1030 1022 1037 1104 2014 ..: 1025 1099 1152 1191 1186 1163 1133 1128 1106 1029 1050 1039 1112 2015 ..: 1004 1023 1054 1068 1104 1080 1024 1056 1006 918 950 928 1017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 798 878 867 887 897 892 891 900 868 839 862 888 872 2012 ..: 862 870 891 907 912 907 956 981 962 967 979 946 933 2013 ..: 978 966 978 943 953 960 934 916 874 826 791 804 922 2014 ..: 790 821 835 870 875 866 813 796 761 708 713 720 802 2015 ..: 719 734 746 774 785 769 750 768 759 696 717 734 747 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1052 1099 1164 1194 1161 1168 1183 1209 1155 1170 1199 1178 1161 2012 ..: 1169 1181 1212 1153 1147 1154 1140 1170 1184 1221 1269 1261 1190 2013 ..: 1254 1234 1244 1244 1291 1268 1243 1235 1245 1266 1296 1299 1260 2014 ..: 1343 1402 1492 1526 1505 1486 1539 1515 1537 1571 1554 1475 1495 2015 ..: 1399 1322 1362 1352 1414 1405 1337 1359 1269 1211 1222 1127 1317 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implement to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: update the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011, link the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011, create index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers, re-classify agricultural commodities into the index groups, expand the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non- citrus, and tree nuts, update monthly market weights, and adjust (normalization) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. See Price Program Quick Stats Links at end of this report for program change details. December Prices Paid by Farmers The December Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 104, is down 1.9 percent from November 2015 and 6.3 percent below December 2014. Production index: The December index, at 104, is down 1.9 percent from November and 8.8 percent lower than last year. Lower prices for feeder cattle, concentrates, complete feeds, and diesel more than offset higher prices for nitrogen, feeder pigs, feed grains, and hay & forages. Feed: At 99, the December index decreased 1.0 percent from November and is down 11 percent from last December. Since November, lower prices for concentrates, complete feeds, and supplements more than offset higher prices for feed grains and hay & forages. Livestock and poultry: The December index, at 116, decreased 11 percent from November and is down 33 percent from last year. Since November, lower prices for feeder cattle more than offset higher prices for feeder pigs. The December feeder cattle price, at $161.00 per cwt, is down $25.00 per cwt from the November price. December feeder pigs averaged $126.00 per cwt, up $13.00 per cwt from November. Fertilizer: The index for December, at 86, is up 1.2 percent from November but is 5.5 percent below December a year ago. Since November, higher prices for nitrogen more than offset lower prices for mixed fertilizer and potash & phosphate. Chemicals: The December index, at 106, is unchanged from November but is down 3.6 percent from last December. Fuels: At 54, the December index is down 6.9 percent from November and 30 percent below December 2014. Compared with November, prices are lower for diesel, LP gas, and gasoline. Machinery: The index for December, at 116, is unchanged from November but is 2.7 percent above last December. Consumer price index: The December 2015 Consumer Price Index, as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for all urban consumers (CPI-U) decreased 0.3 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 236.525 (1982-1984=100). The November index is 237.336. For the 12 month period ending in December, the overall index increased 0.7 percent. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : December : November : December : December : November : December Ratios : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3011 2868 2826 111 106 104 Production ....................: 2365 2197 2155 114 106 104 Feed ........................: 1224 1104 1087 111 100 99 Livestock and poultry .......: 3405 2563 2288 172 130 116 Seeds .......................: 3746 3755 3755 114 114 114 Fertilizer ..................: 1093 1026 1038 91 85 86 Chemicals ...................: 983 952 954 110 106 106 Fuels .......................: 2162 1627 1516 77 58 54 Supplies and repairs ........: 1252 1243 1243 106 105 105 : Autos and trucks ............: 3224 3243 3242 105 106 105 Machinery ...................: 6913 7116 7116 113 116 116 Building materials ..........: 2497 2488 2487 107 107 107 Services and rent ...........: 2306 2355 2352 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 109 111 111 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108 110 110 : Interest 1/ ...................: 3504 3539 3539 96 97 97 Taxes 2/ ......................: 6233 6376 6376 105 107 107 Wage rates ....................: 7756 8204 8204 108 115 115 Production, interest, taxes, : and wage rates (PITW) .......: 3169 2991 2941 112 106 104 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2231 2255 2247 104 106 105 : Ratio (received/paid) .........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 91 87 87 Parity ratio 4/ ...............: 35 33 33 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ......: 36 34 34 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ .............: 1418 1416 1409 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 106 105 104 Livestock sector (PPITW) ......: (NA) (NA) (NA) 117 107 104 : Farm sector (production) ......: (NA) (NA) (NA) 130 111 106 Non-farm sector (production) ..: (NA) (NA) (NA) 103 102 102 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.026 for 2016 and the revised factor is 1.026 for 2015. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : :December :November :December : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 74.1 74.6 114 106 104 : Feed ......................: 15.5 15.5 111 100 99 Feed grains .............: 2.2 2.2 66 61 62 Complete feeds ..........: 7.6 7.6 116 110 108 Hay and forages .........: 1.9 1.9 102 93 94 Concentrates ............: 2.5 2.5 141 102 96 Supplements .............: 1.3 1.3 115 117 116 Livestock and poultry .....: 8.5 8.3 172 130 116 Feeder cattle ...........: 6.6 6.4 182 136 117 Feeder pigs .............: 0.7 0.7 155 81 90 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.7 149 139 139 Poultry .................: 0.5 0.5 102 102 102 : Seeds .....................: 4.9 5.0 114 114 114 Field crops .............: 4.4 4.5 113 114 114 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 123 120 120 Fertilizer ................: 6.2 6.4 91 85 86 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.7 2.8 86 84 84 Nitrogen ................: 2.6 2.7 96 88 91 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.9 0.9 89 80 79 Chemicals .................: 3.1 3.2 110 106 106 Herbicides ..............: 1.9 2.0 110 106 107 Insecticides ............: 0.7 0.7 111 107 107 Fungicides and other ....: 0.4 0.5 106 103 103 : Fuels .....................: 4.1 4.0 77 58 54 Diesel ..................: 2.6 2.5 79 56 52 Gasoline ................: 0.9 0.8 74 61 57 LP gas ..................: 0.7 0.7 75 64 58 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.3 4.3 106 105 105 Supplies ................: 1.4 1.4 106 106 106 Repairs .................: 2.8 2.9 106 105 105 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.1 1.1 105 106 105 Autos ...................: 0.1 0.1 101 101 101 Trucks ..................: 1.0 1.0 105 106 106 : Machinery .................: 4.9 5.2 113 116 116 Tractors ................: 1.1 1.1 108 110 110 Self-propelled ..........: 2.0 2.1 116 121 121 Other machinery .........: 1.9 2.0 113 115 115 Building materials ........: 3.7 3.7 107 107 107 Services ..................: 10.8 10.8 109 111 111 Custom rates ............: 1.1 1.1 109 112 112 Other services ..........: 9.7 9.7 109 111 111 Rent ......................: 6.9 7.1 108 110 110 Cash ....................: 3.7 3.8 109 110 110 Share ...................: 3.2 3.3 108 110 110 : Interest ....................: 2.6 2.3 96 97 97 Taxes .......................: 2.9 2.8 105 107 107 Wage rates ..................: 6.4 6.4 108 115 115 Family living-CPI ...........: 14.0 13.9 104 106 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ :December 2014 :November 2015 :December 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.2 4.3 4.7 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 17.7 22.9 12.2 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 17.0 12.8 11.7 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.40 2.42 2.27 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 43.8 36.4 33.7 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 7.1 10.2 9.8 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2014 :November 2015 :December 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.580 0.420 0.470 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 1.66 1.93 1.04 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 64.30 45.90 42.80 Milk, all .......................cwt: 20.40 18.20 17.20 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 166.00 131.00 123.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.734 0.922 0.886 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.79 3.60 3.65 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 180.00 150.00 150.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 10.30 8.68 8.76 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 6.14 4.86 4.71 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2015 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2014 :November 2015 :December 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 249.00 186.00 161.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 217.00 113.00 126.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock and Poultry - United States: 2010-2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Broiler chicks ............100: 27.00 28.20 29.50 29.90 31.00 1/ Egg-type chicks ...........100: 83.00 86.70 89.70 93.40 74.80 1/ Feeders and stockers : Cattle and calves .......cwt:109.00 133.00 149.00 150.00 215.00 214.00 Feeder pigs .............cwt:156.00 145.00 126.00 158.00 254.00 135.00 Turkey poults ............each: 1.43 1.47 1.54 1.67 1.67 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Discontinued publishing in "Agricultural Prices" beginning in 2015. Published in "Poultry - Production and Value" in April 2016. Annual Averages for Feed and Livestock & Poultry Indexes - United States: 2011-2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Index : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed .........................: 100 115 118 115 105 Livestock and Poultry ........: 100 107 108 154 147 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2014 and 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Survey average rates 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : Animal unit 2/ : Cow-calf : Per head :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per month : Arizona .........: 9.00 9.00 (S) (S) (S) (S) California ......: 20.00 19.10 25.10 25.50 22.50 23.50 Colorado ........: 17.00 17.00 20.00 21.00 19.00 19.00 Idaho ...........: 16.50 17.00 19.00 20.00 18.50 18.50 Kansas ..........: 18.00 19.00 22.00 24.00 21.50 21.50 Montana .........: 23.00 23.00 26.00 26.00 23.00 23.00 Nebraska ........: 38.00 39.00 44.50 45.00 35.00 36.00 Nevada ..........: 11.50 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) New Mexico ......: 13.50 15.50 (S) (S) 15.50 15.50 North Dakota ....: 19.20 20.50 22.00 23.00 18.00 (S) : Oklahoma ........: (S) (S) (S) (S) 14.00 12.00 Oregon ..........: 17.00 16.50 19.50 21.00 19.00 19.00 South Dakota ....: 30.00 32.00 35.00 39.00 32.50 32.50 Texas ...........: (S) (S) (S) (S) 14.00 12.00 Utah ............: 15.00 16.00 19.00 20.00 16.50 17.00 Washington ......: 13.50 13.00 16.50 17.00 15.00 15.50 Wyoming .........: 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 21.00 21.00 : 17-State 3/ .....: 19.90 20.20 23.20 24.20 20.70 20.10 16-State 4/ .....: 21.60 22.10 25.40 26.40 22.60 22.60 11-State 5/ .....: 18.20 18.40 21.60 22.20 19.70 20.00 9-State 6/ ......: 20.30 20.70 23.50 24.70 20.90 20.00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ The average rates are estimates based on survey indications of monthly lease rates for private, non-irrigated grazing land from the January Cattle Survey. 2/ Includes animal unit plus cow-calf rates. Cow-calf rate converted to animal unit (AUM) using (1 aum=cow-calf *0.833). 3/ 17 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 4/ 16 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 5/ 11 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 6/ 9 Great Plains States: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 96 97 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 102 101 100 2012 ..: 102 103 104 104 104 104 103 105 105 105 105 105 104 2013 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 107 106 107 106 106 106 106 2014 ..: 108 109 110 112 112 113 113 112 112 112 112 111 111 2015 ..: 110 110 110 110 110 110 109 108 107 107 106 104 108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 96 97 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 102 101 100 2012 ..: 102 103 105 104 104 104 104 105 106 106 106 106 105 2013 ..: 107 107 107 107 107 107 108 106 107 107 106 107 107 2014 ..: 109 110 111 113 114 114 114 113 114 113 113 112 113 2015 ..: 111 110 111 111 110 110 110 109 107 107 106 104 109 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 95 96 99 100 101 100 101 101 101 101 102 102 100 2012 ..: 103 103 106 105 105 105 104 106 107 107 107 107 105 2013 ..: 107 108 107 107 107 108 109 107 108 107 107 107 107 2014 ..: 110 110 112 114 115 116 115 114 115 114 114 114 114 2015 ..: 111 111 111 111 111 111 110 109 107 107 106 104 109 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 90 94 94 99 102 103 103 106 107 102 101 99 100 2012 ..: 100 102 108 109 111 112 118 128 127 124 122 122 115 2013 ..: 119 119 120 119 121 122 126 118 119 111 107 109 118 2014 ..: 112 113 116 121 122 122 116 113 116 106 109 111 115 2015 ..: 109 109 108 106 104 104 106 105 104 102 100 99 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 100 103 103 97 95 98 95 95 101 107 109 100 2012 ..: 113 118 116 111 109 107 94 95 99 103 105 108 107 2013 ..: 109 107 101 100 97 98 103 108 111 119 122 124 108 2014 ..: 128 129 134 143 145 153 162 159 164 177 176 172 154 2015 ..: 160 152 157 159 159 159 152 147 136 137 130 116 147 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 94 94 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 98 98 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 106 2013 ..: 107 107 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 111 110 2014 ..: 111 111 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 2015 ..: 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 93 93 97 99 99 100 101 101 101 104 106 105 100 2012 ..: 105 101 102 103 104 105 104 97 98 99 99 98 101 2013 ..: 98 99 101 103 105 103 97 91 90 90 91 91 97 2014 ..: 91 94 97 100 103 100 94 93 92 91 90 91 95 2015 ..: 90 90 90 91 91 91 88 87 88 86 85 86 89 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 99 100 100 99 99 99 99 100 100 102 101 102 100 2012 ..: 102 105 104 104 104 105 106 106 106 106 108 108 105 2013 ..: 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 110 110 110 109 2014 ..: 110 111 110 109 109 109 109 109 110 110 110 110 110 2015 ..: 99 106 106 106 106 106 107 107 107 107 106 106 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 88 93 100 105 106 103 102 102 102 99 102 99 100 2012 ..: 98 101 106 105 100 93 93 99 102 102 98 95 99 2013 ..: 95 101 99 97 96 95 96 100 101 99 99 102 98 2014 ..: 104 107 99 103 102 102 101 99 99 93 88 77 98 2015 ..: 67 68 69 67 68 66 66 61 60 60 58 54 64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 98 98 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 102 102 100 2012 ..: 102 102 102 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 2014 ..: 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2015 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 105 105 105 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 99 100 100 100 101 100 100 100 100 100 101 100 2012 ..: 101 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 103 102 2013 ..: 103 103 103 104 103 104 103 103 103 103 104 104 103 2014 ..: 104 104 104 105 105 104 104 104 104 105 105 105 104 2015 ..: 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 105 106 105 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 97 98 98 99 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 100 2012 ..: 103 103 104 105 105 105 106 106 106 106 107 107 105 2013 ..: 107 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 109 108 2014 ..: 111 111 111 112 112 112 112 113 112 112 113 113 112 2015 ..: 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 116 116 115 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 98 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 101 102 102 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 104 104 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 2014 ..: 106 106 106 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 2015 ..: 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 107 107 107 107 107 108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 99 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 101 102 101 101 102 103 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 2013 ..: 105 105 105 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 105 106 106 2014 ..: 108 108 109 108 109 110 110 110 110 109 109 109 109 2015 ..: 112 112 112 112 112 113 113 113 113 112 111 111 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Rent 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 2013 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2014 ..: 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 2015 ..: 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Ratio :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 95 101 101 102 101 102 101 103 99 97 99 101 100 2012 ..: 98 98 99 98 98 98 102 102 102 104 106 103 101 2013 ..: 105 103 104 102 104 104 100 100 96 94 93 95 100 2014 ..: 92 98 102 103 103 100 97 97 96 89 91 91 97 2015 ..: 88 90 93 94 97 95 91 94 92 83 87 87 91 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 2013 ..: 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95 2014 ..: 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 2015 ..: 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 2013 ..: 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2014 ..: 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 2015 ..: 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 102 102 102 99 99 99 99 99 99 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 103 103 103 102 102 102 102 102 102 105 105 105 103 2013 ..: 107 107 107 106 106 106 104 104 104 107 107 107 106 2014 ..: 109 109 109 107 107 107 107 107 107 108 108 108 108 2015 ..: 112 112 112 110 110 110 111 111 111 115 115 115 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 98 98 99 100 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 100 100 2012 ..: 101 101 102 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 102 102 102 2013 ..: 102 103 104 103 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 2014 ..: 104 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 104 105 2015 ..: 104 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with farm origin 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 93 96 98 101 100 100 101 102 102 102 102 102 100 2012 ..: 104 106 111 109 110 109 108 114 114 114 114 115 111 2013 ..: 114 113 113 112 112 113 117 114 115 114 112 114 114 2014 ..: 117 117 121 126 128 130 129 127 130 128 130 130 126 2015 ..: 125 122 123 123 122 122 121 119 115 115 111 106 119 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with non-farm origin 4/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 96 97 99 100 101 100 101 101 101 101 102 101 100 2012 ..: 102 102 103 103 103 102 102 102 103 102 102 102 102 2013 ..: 103 104 104 104 105 104 104 103 103 103 103 104 104 2014 ..: 105 106 106 107 107 107 106 106 106 105 104 103 106 2015 ..: 103 104 104 104 104 104 103 103 103 102 102 102 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 97 97 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 101 102 101 100 2012 ..: 101 102 103 103 103 103 102 103 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 104 105 105 105 105 105 105 104 104 104 104 104 105 2014 ..: 106 107 107 108 108 108 108 107 107 107 107 106 107 2015 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 105 104 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock Sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2011 ..: 96 97 98 100 100 100 101 101 102 101 102 101 100 2012 ..: 103 104 106 105 105 105 104 107 108 108 108 108 106 2013 ..: 108 108 108 107 108 108 110 108 109 108 107 108 108 2014 ..: 111 112 113 116 117 118 118 116 118 117 117 117 116 2015 ..: 114 113 114 114 113 113 113 111 109 109 107 104 111 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures 2/ For the 2011=100 base period, the Services & Rent Index is separated. 3/ Feed, livestock & poultry purchases, and seed. 4/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, supplies & repairs, autos & trucks, machinery, building materials, and services & rent. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grains :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 83 95 93 106 105 105 104 112 105 97 98 98 100 2012 ..: 101 104 105 105 105 104 116 124 114 114 117 115 110 2013 ..: 116 117 118 116 115 115 110 101 89 78 75 75 102 2014 ..: 75 74 78 81 80 76 70 64 61 61 62 66 71 2015 ..: 66 66 66 65 63 63 66 64 64 62 61 62 64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Complete feeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 92 94 96 99 101 102 102 104 106 103 102 100 100 2012 ..: 100 100 111 112 114 114 117 126 129 127 125 124 117 2013 ..: 121 120 120 120 120 122 125 124 123 119 115 116 120 2014 ..: 119 120 124 127 129 128 125 120 121 115 114 116 122 2015 ..: 119 117 116 115 113 111 113 114 112 111 110 108 113 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hay & forages :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 74 76 82 90 105 105 112 112 111 114 108 111 100 2012 ..: 110 114 117 121 120 114 115 117 117 121 122 122 118 2013 ..: 123 125 126 125 124 123 118 114 111 112 110 108 118 2014 ..: 109 111 113 123 125 121 119 115 109 109 105 102 113 2015 ..: 99 101 104 109 110 103 101 93 93 95 93 94 100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Concentrates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 103 104 99 99 100 103 103 103 105 97 93 90 100 2012 ..: 94 98 99 103 109 117 130 146 144 133 123 126 119 2013 ..: 117 117 121 112 134 132 158 120 142 115 108 113 124 2014 ..: 123 126 127 138 139 150 131 138 160 114 139 141 136 2015 ..: 122 121 121 111 107 115 122 121 114 110 102 96 114 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 94 97 92 96 99 98 98 105 110 102 105 103 100 2012 ..: 96 95 100 95 98 96 106 124 118 115 113 116 106 2013 ..: 108 109 116 119 111 113 114 110 114 113 110 117 113 2014 ..: 121 117 120 123 120 117 110 107 111 110 109 115 115 2015 ..: 120 120 118 112 108 112 111 115 116 116 117 116 115 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 95 97 100 101 96 95 100 97 96 103 109 110 100 2012 ..: 113 117 116 113 112 110 97 101 106 109 108 109 109 2013 ..: 109 105 101 100 97 98 104 111 114 122 124 125 109 2014 ..: 129 128 132 138 143 155 164 165 174 188 188 182 157 2015 ..: 169 160 166 170 170 174 166 160 144 146 136 117 157 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder pigs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 127 140 140 127 97 77 79 71 68 73 92 109 100 2012 ..: 136 146 141 114 91 88 48 33 30 50 91 114 90 2013 ..: 128 131 109 101 94 86 90 96 103 124 136 154 113 2014 ..: 168 184 205 238 217 199 209 164 142 150 147 155 182 2015 ..: 143 125 123 115 112 84 68 63 74 84 81 90 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cow replacements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 92 92 92 100 100 100 104 104 104 104 104 104 100 2012 ..: 103 103 103 101 101 101 100 100 100 98 98 98 101 2013 ..: 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 99 99 99 97 2014 ..: 101 101 101 127 127 127 139 139 139 149 149 149 129 2015 ..: 140 140 140 139 139 139 143 143 143 139 139 139 140 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 2014 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 2015 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crop seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 94 94 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 98 98 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 2013 ..: 106 106 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 109 2014 ..: 110 110 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 2015 ..: 113 113 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grass & legume seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 97 97 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 94 94 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 117 113 2013 ..: 117 117 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 2014 ..: 120 120 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 2015 ..: 123 123 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 121 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Mixed fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 94 98 100 101 100 100 100 99 100 102 103 103 100 2012 ..: 103 104 100 100 100 100 98 92 92 93 92 91 97 2013 ..: 91 92 94 94 94 93 90 86 85 86 86 86 90 2014 ..: 86 87 90 90 91 91 86 85 85 85 85 86 87 2015 ..: 86 86 86 86 87 87 86 86 86 85 84 84 86 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Nitrogen :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 86 87 94 98 100 102 104 104 102 106 108 108 100 2012 ..: 108 99 103 107 112 113 111 102 103 105 104 104 106 2013 ..: 105 108 109 114 117 114 105 95 95 96 97 97 104 2014 ..: 98 102 106 108 114 109 103 100 98 97 95 96 102 2015 ..: 96 96 94 95 97 96 91 89 92 88 88 91 93 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Potash & phosphate :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 107 94 95 99 96 95 97 96 101 104 109 106 100 2012 ..: 107 101 106 99 97 96 98 99 100 103 102 101 101 2013 ..: 101 97 101 101 102 102 97 92 92 88 87 85 95 2014 ..: 84 89 96 104 105 99 92 93 94 94 93 89 94 2015 ..: 86 89 90 91 89 89 83 83 84 82 80 79 85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Herbicides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 100 102 101 102 100 2012 ..: 102 105 106 105 106 106 106 107 107 107 108 108 106 2013 ..: 108 108 107 107 107 107 107 107 108 110 110 110 108 2014 ..: 110 111 110 109 109 109 109 109 110 110 110 110 110 2015 ..: 100 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 106 107 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Insecticides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 83 95 93 106 105 105 104 112 105 97 98 98 100 2012 ..: 101 104 105 105 105 104 116 124 114 114 117 115 110 2013 ..: 108 109 111 110 111 111 111 111 112 113 113 113 111 2014 ..: 113 114 114 112 112 112 111 111 112 112 111 111 112 2015 ..: 100 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 107 108 107 107 107 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fungicides & other :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 99 99 100 100 99 99 99 100 100 102 101 102 100 2012 ..: 102 105 103 103 104 105 105 105 106 106 108 108 105 2013 ..: 108 108 107 107 107 106 105 105 105 106 106 105 106 2014 ..: 105 105 104 103 103 104 104 104 105 105 106 106 105 2015 ..: 96 103 103 103 103 103 104 104 104 104 103 103 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Diesel :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 88 93 102 106 105 102 102 100 100 99 103 100 100 2012 ..: 99 103 108 107 103 97 96 103 106 105 102 101 103 2013 ..: 99 104 100 96 95 95 95 96 97 96 95 96 97 2014 ..: 96 98 99 97 96 94 93 91 90 86 85 79 92 2015 ..: 69 65 65 63 65 65 63 59 57 57 56 52 61 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Gasoline :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 88 91 101 108 111 104 104 103 103 98 96 93 100 2012 ..: 96 102 109 111 106 101 98 106 109 106 98 94 103 2013 ..: 94 104 102 100 102 104 105 106 107 103 102 104 103 2014 ..: 107 110 99 119 118 117 113 107 103 95 86 74 104 2015 ..: 61 63 68 68 75 77 77 73 66 64 61 57 68 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : LP Gas :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 91 91 91 96 102 103 104 105 109 104 104 101 100 2012 ..: 94 90 94 91 74 62 71 74 77 83 78 71 80 2013 ..: 76 80 92 95 94 86 91 104 108 109 113 120 97 2014 ..: 131 134 98 106 105 112 115 118 128 117 105 75 112 2015 ..: 67 83 81 82 70 58 61 56 68 67 64 58 68 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 98 98 98 100 100 101 101 102 102 101 102 100 2012 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 102 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 103 103 103 104 104 104 105 104 104 104 105 105 104 2014 ..: 105 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2015 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 98 98 99 100 100 100 101 102 102 102 102 100 2012 ..: 102 102 103 103 103 103 104 104 104 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 2014 ..: 104 104 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2015 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 105 105 105 105 105 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 97 98 99 99 100 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 100 2012 ..: 101 101 101 102 102 102 101 101 101 101 102 102 101 2013 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 101 101 101 102 102 2014 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 101 101 101 102 101 102 2015 ..: 101 102 102 102 102 102 102 101 101 101 101 101 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 99 100 100 100 101 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 101 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 103 102 2013 ..: 103 103 103 104 104 104 104 103 104 104 104 104 104 2014 ..: 104 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 2015 ..: 105 106 106 107 107 107 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Tractors :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 98 99 99 99 99 99 100 100 102 102 102 102 100 2012 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 103 105 105 105 105 103 2013 ..: 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 107 107 106 2014 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 103 105 105 105 105 103 2015 ..: 108 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Self-propelled :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 97 97 98 98 99 99 100 100 101 103 103 104 100 2012 ..: 104 105 105 106 106 106 107 107 107 107 107 109 106 2013 ..: 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 110 111 109 2014 ..: 104 105 105 106 106 106 107 107 107 107 107 109 106 2015 ..: 118 118 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 119 121 121 119 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 97 98 98 99 100 100 100 101 101 101 102 102 100 2012 ..: 102 102 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 2013 ..: 107 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 109 109 109 108 2014 ..: 102 102 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 105 2015 ..: 115 115 115 115 115 114 115 115 115 115 115 115 115 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Custom rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2013 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2014 ..: 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 2015 ..: 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other services :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Average 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 99 99 100 99 100 101 101 101 101 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 101 101 101 101 102 103 102 102 102 101 101 101 102 2013 ..: 105 105 105 105 105 106 106 106 106 105 105 105 105 2014 ..: 101 101 101 101 102 103 102 102 102 101 101 101 102 2015 ..: 112 112 112 112 112 113 113 113 113 112 111 111 112 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cash rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 2013 ..: 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 106 2014 ..: 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 2015 ..: 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Share rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 2012 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 2013 ..: 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 105 2014 ..: 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 2015 ..: 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2601 2631 2679 2710 2716 2714 2726 2732 2736 2736 2751 2743 2706 2012 ..: 2761 2778 2823 2815 2816 2810 2798 2837 2850 2855 2848 2850 2820 2013 ..: 2873 2880 2880 2871 2878 2881 2899 2870 2884 2873 2863 2878 2878 2014 ..: 2931 2948 2977 3026 3044 3062 3046 3023 3044 3022 3025 3011 3013 2015 ..: 2977 2964 2977 2971 2965 2967 2954 2934 2900 2899 2868 2826 2934 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2703 2737 2790 2825 2830 2828 2842 2848 2852 2853 2870 2862 2820 2012 ..: 2884 2902 2953 2942 2944 2937 2924 2969 2982 2988 2982 2986 2949 2013 ..: 3011 3016 3014 3004 3012 3014 3036 3001 3017 3005 2993 3012 3011 2014 ..: 3074 3093 3125 3182 3202 3224 3204 3178 3202 3177 3183 3169 3168 2015 ..: 3130 3112 3124 3116 3107 3108 3092 3069 3029 3027 2991 2941 3071 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1977 2006 2052 2088 2092 2091 2103 2108 2112 2109 2124 2117 2082 2012 ..: 2136 2152 2196 2188 2190 2184 2173 2212 2224 2223 2217 2221 2193 2013 ..: 2234 2238 2237 2231 2237 2239 2261 2231 2245 2230 2220 2236 2237 2014 ..: 2282 2298 2325 2378 2395 2413 2397 2374 2395 2371 2376 2365 2364 2015 ..: 2320 2305 2316 2313 2305 2306 2289 2269 2235 2228 2197 2155 2270 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 996 1035 1037 1089 1121 1133 1135 1169 1175 1126 1110 1096 1102 2012 ..: 1105 1120 1192 1202 1226 1229 1298 1408 1398 1369 1348 1347 1270 2013 ..: 1308 1310 1325 1310 1337 1343 1393 1297 1312 1224 1180 1200 1295 2014 ..: 1235 1245 1279 1336 1348 1347 1280 1249 1280 1167 1201 1224 1266 2015 ..: 1206 1197 1195 1170 1148 1147 1166 1162 1143 1129 1104 1087 1155 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1930 1984 2032 2040 1909 1866 1939 1880 1866 1988 2104 2152 1974 2012 ..: 2233 2321 2300 2197 2153 2117 1850 1882 1952 2030 2078 2135 2104 2013 ..: 2161 2108 1997 1978 1925 1927 2026 2133 2188 2358 2408 2442 2138 2014 ..: 2528 2549 2641 2816 2859 3027 3202 3146 3238 3487 3484 3405 3032 2015 ..: 3167 2998 3090 3145 3135 3144 3003 2908 2675 2714 2563 2288 2903 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 3082 3082 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3327 3286 2012 ..: 3208 3208 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3521 3469 2013 ..: 3521 3521 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3643 3623 2014 ..: 3643 3643 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3746 3729 2015 ..: 3746 3746 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3755 3754 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1119 1116 1165 1195 1197 1203 1220 1214 1217 1253 1279 1270 1204 2012 ..: 1270 1220 1232 1238 1257 1263 1248 1173 1180 1196 1189 1184 1221 2013 ..: 1186 1196 1220 1244 1262 1242 1169 1093 1085 1088 1093 1091 1164 2014 ..: 1091 1128 1172 1201 1234 1202 1134 1114 1104 1098 1087 1093 1138 2015 ..: 1086 1089 1084 1092 1099 1097 1054 1044 1061 1033 1026 1038 1067 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 891 895 894 892 890 886 891 894 902 912 910 918 898 2012 ..: 919 942 938 931 938 947 948 951 954 954 967 966 946 2013 ..: 972 969 967 966 969 966 968 970 976 989 989 989 974 2014 ..: 987 993 988 979 978 977 975 980 986 986 985 983 983 2015 ..: 892 955 955 955 953 953 958 958 957 959 952 954 950 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2468 2589 2801 2931 2959 2875 2863 2843 2841 2778 2850 2769 2797 2012 ..: 2745 2813 2966 2949 2786 2598 2594 2771 2859 2852 2741 2670 2779 2013 ..: 2661 2815 2764 2711 2695 2663 2699 2785 2829 2783 2771 2843 2752 2014 ..: 2911 2983 2764 2891 2858 2852 2825 2775 2766 2611 2473 2162 2739 2015 ..: 1870 1890 1920 1879 1904 1854 1835 1711 1690 1682 1627 1516 1782 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1151 1154 1155 1169 1176 1179 1187 1193 1198 1198 1198 1198 1180 2012 ..: 1203 1204 1207 1212 1212 1214 1218 1217 1220 1220 1220 1218 1214 2013 ..: 1223 1222 1223 1223 1223 1223 1227 1225 1225 1226 1227 1227 1225 2014 ..: 1232 1235 1238 1248 1248 1249 1251 1252 1251 1252 1253 1252 1247 2015 ..: 1255 1254 1254 1251 1250 1249 1245 1244 1243 1243 1243 1243 1248 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 3026 3053 3067 3076 3089 3091 3084 3074 3071 3078 3084 3090 3074 2012 ..: 3109 3133 3136 3138 3132 3132 3123 3121 3124 3130 3142 3151 3131 2013 ..: 3169 3173 3176 3185 3181 3186 3180 3171 3178 3177 3183 3189 3179 2014 ..: 3193 3207 3205 3216 3215 3201 3204 3204 3205 3214 3220 3224 3209 2015 ..: 3224 3240 3248 3257 3258 3257 3245 3235 3234 3233 3243 3242 3243 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 5937 5982 6002 6029 6067 6083 6108 6150 6190 6237 6259 6287 6111 2012 ..: 6304 6315 6360 6390 6411 6436 6456 6468 6493 6505 6509 6537 6432 2013 ..: 6557 6585 6592 6597 6600 6596 6602 6600 6606 6619 6663 6686 6609 2014 ..: 6783 6775 6785 6820 6835 6851 6867 6882 6859 6875 6892 6913 6845 2015 ..: 6986 7021 7037 7044 7044 7041 7044 7044 7044 7052 7116 7116 7049 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2277 2290 2305 2318 2326 2336 2347 2346 2345 2344 2341 2341 2326 2012 ..: 2353 2370 2376 2386 2395 2395 2388 2391 2396 2395 2399 2404 2387 2013 ..: 2418 2429 2435 2442 2437 2433 2431 2438 2437 2437 2438 2439 2435 2014 ..: 2458 2468 2477 2479 2486 2486 2489 2495 2498 2499 2498 2497 2486 2015 ..: 2503 2503 2503 2508 2505 2503 2501 2492 2489 2488 2488 2487 2498 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services & rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2112 2114 2119 2118 2123 2132 2132 2132 2133 2125 2121 2120 2123 2012 ..: 2156 2158 2157 2157 2161 2172 2168 2169 2170 2159 2159 2159 2162 2013 ..: 2230 2232 2232 2232 2237 2252 2252 2252 2253 2242 2238 2242 2241 2014 ..: 2299 2299 2301 2296 2308 2323 2323 2323 2318 2308 2304 2306 2309 2015 ..: 2362 2361 2357 2360 2361 2373 2372 2372 2369 2359 2355 2352 2363 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011-2015 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 3646 2012 ..: 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 3434 2013 ..: 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 3451 2014 ..: 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 3504 2015 ..: 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 3539 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 5935 2012 ..: 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 5993 2013 ..: 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 6137 2014 ..: 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 6233 2015 ..: 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 6376 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 7301 7301 7301 7075 7075 7075 7062 7062 7062 7205 7205 7205 7161 2012 ..: 7372 7372 7372 7302 7302 7302 7270 7270 7270 7519 7519 7519 7366 2013 ..: 7692 7692 7692 7609 7609 7609 7474 7474 7474 7654 7654 7654 7607 2014 ..: 7826 7826 7826 7686 7686 7686 7654 7654 7654 7756 7756 7756 7731 2015 ..: 8018 8018 8018 7858 7858 7858 7980 7980 7980 8204 8204 8204 8015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Average 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 2092 2102 2122 2136 2146 2144 2146 2152 2155 2150 2149 2143 2136 2012 ..: 2153 2162 2179 2185 2183 2180 2176 2188 2198 2197 2187 2181 2181 2013 ..: 2187 2205 2211 2209 2213 2218 2219 2222 2224 2219 2214 2214 2213 2014 ..: 2222 2230 2245 2252 2260 2264 2263 2259 2261 2255 2243 2231 2249 2015 ..: 2220 2230 2243 2248 2259 2267 2267 2264 2260 2259 2255 2247 2252 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : Adjusted for productivity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 1457 1463 1473 1464 1466 1465 1466 1468 1469 1478 1480 1478 1469 2012 ..: 1438 1442 1451 1446 1446 1445 1440 1448 1451 1468 1466 1465 1451 2013 ..: 1408 1411 1412 1405 1407 1407 1402 1398 1401 1409 1407 1409 1406 2014 ..: 1410 1413 1419 1419 1422 1426 1421 1417 1421 1423 1422 1418 1419 2015 ..: 1416 1416 1419 1409 1409 1411 1416 1413 1407 1421 1416 1409 1414 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity ratio 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 36 38 38 39 39 39 39 39 38 37 38 38 38 2012 ..: 37 37 38 37 37 37 39 39 39 39 40 39 38 2013 ..: 40 39 39 39 40 39 38 38 37 36 36 36 38 2014 ..: 35 37 39 39 39 38 37 37 36 34 35 35 37 2015 ..: 34 35 35 36 37 36 35 36 35 32 33 33 35 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Adjusted parity ratio (PPITW) 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011 ..: 37 39 39 40 40 40 40 40 39 38 39 39 39 2012 ..: 38 38 39 38 38 38 40 40 40 40 41 40 39 2013 ..: 41 40 40 40 41 40 39 39 38 37 37 37 39 2014 ..: 36 38 40 40 40 39 38 38 37 35 36 36 38 2015 ..: 35 36 36 37 38 37 36 37 36 33 34 34 36 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received to index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. 3/ Ratio of the index of prices received after adjustment for government payments to the index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2011 - 2015 [Annual average is a simple average of monthly ratios, January through December] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 3.3 2.9 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.1 2012: 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.1 2013: 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.1 3.7 2014: 4.2 4.0 4.6 4.6 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.8 5.9 6.1 5.8 5.2 5.0 2015: 5.4 5.0 5.4 6.0 6.2 5.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.7 5.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Market Egg 2/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 5.8 6.0 5.2 6.4 4.5 4.9 4.9 6.7 5.7 6.8 6.8 8.7 6.0 2012: 5.1 5.0 5.7 4.5 4.2 4.8 4.8 5.6 7.0 5.6 6.6 6.3 5.4 2013: 5.6 5.0 6.1 4.2 6.3 4.4 5.3 6.1 6.4 7.3 10.4 10.7 6.5 2014: 8.0 10.9 8.9 8.9 7.9 7.3 9.6 8.6 9.0 10.5 15.1 17.7 10.2 2015: 11.4 12.2 15.3 9.6 18.2 21.9 19.6 26.5 20.7 14.7 22.9 12.2 17.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Turkey 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 4.6 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.7 5.2 5.8 5.9 5.4 4.9 2012: 4.8 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.4 4.3 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.7 2013: 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.8 5.3 5.5 4.6 2014: 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.6 6.2 6.8 7.6 8.3 8.1 7.1 6.3 2015: 6.3 6.6 6.8 7.1 7.9 8.4 8.5 9.4 10.0 10.6 10.2 9.8 8.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 1.96 2.01 2.12 1.81 1.71 1.86 1.88 1.83 1.84 1.82 1.89 1.81 1.88 2012: 1.71 1.55 1.48 1.41 1.34 1.37 1.33 1.37 1.59 1.74 1.74 1.65 1.52 2013: 1.58 1.52 1.48 1.54 1.54 1.52 1.53 1.69 1.88 2.12 2.27 2.30 1.75 2014: 2.46 2.58 2.54 2.42 2.23 2.19 2.36 2.63 2.96 2.92 2.75 2.40 2.54 2015: 2.11 2.05 2.01 1.95 1.96 2.06 2.01 2.11 2.25 2.29 2.42 2.27 2.13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hog-Corn 5/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 11.3 10.9 11.4 10.7 10.9 10.9 11.3 11.0 10.5 12.0 11.0 10.8 11.1 2012: 10.5 10.4 10.3 9.9 9.9 11.0 10.1 8.8 8.1 9.1 8.7 9.1 9.7 2013: 9.2 9.2 8.3 8.9 9.8 10.7 11.2 11.9 13.1 14.8 14.6 13.9 11.3 2014: 13.8 15.1 18.1 18.9 17.6 18.8 23.0 22.9 21.7 21.6 18.5 17.0 18.9 2015: 15.0 13.3 13.2 13.1 16.2 16.7 15.4 16.0 14.8 15.1 12.8 11.7 14.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steer & Heifer-Corn 6/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2011: 22.3 19.6 21.3 19.2 18.2 17.2 18.2 16.6 18.3 21.3 21.6 21.5 19.6 2012: 20.4 20.1 20.2 19.4 19.2 19.0 16.2 15.5 17.9 18.3 18.0 18.3 18.5 2013: 18.2 17.8 17.8 18.2 18.2 17.8 17.8 19.6 23.0 27.6 30.2 29.9 21.4 2014: 31.7 33.3 33.2 31.8 31.2 32.9 38.7 43.8 45.3 45.7 46.9 43.8 38.2 2015: 43.5 42.5 42.5 43.7 44.2 43.5 39.5 40.5 38.0 35.1 36.4 33.7 40.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 2/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of all hogs, live weight. 6/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steers & heifers, live weight. Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Information Contacts General Troy Joshua, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section............................................................. (202) 720-2127 Angie Considine - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum..................................................... (202) 720-5944 Tony Dahlman - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 720-7621 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Scott Matthews - Barley, Crop Weather.................................................................. (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Peanuts, Rice......................................................................... (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson -Sunflower, Canola, Safflower, Rapeseed, Mustard Seed................................... (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section.................................. (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.................................. (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Citrus, Coffee, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits.......................................... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ......................................... (202) 720-4285 Dave Losh - Hops ...................................................................................... (360) 709-2400 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ....................................................................... (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ............................... (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...................................... (202) 720-4288 Livestock Prices Received Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 720-3570 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs............................................................................ (202) 720-3106 Dave Colwell - Sheep and Goats......................................................................... (202) 720-8784 Michael Klamm - Cattle and Cattle on Feed.............................................................. (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Bruce Boess, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................. (202) 720-3570 Heidi Gleich - Broilers................................................................................ (202) 720-0585 Kim Linonis - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-8632 Sammy Neal - Turkeys................................................................................... (202) 720-3244 Josh O'Rear - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Troy Joshua, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Tony Dorn, Head, Economics Section....................................................................... (202) 690-3223 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 720-8844 Courtney Charles - Prices Paid, Prices Paid Indexes.................................................... (202) 690-3229 Greg Gholson - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-1348 Joe Hagedorn - Cash Rents, Grazing Fees (202) 690-3231 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df