Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released February 29, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January Farm Prices Received Index Decreased 0.7 Percent The January Prices Received Index (Agricultural Production), at 89.2, decreased 0.7 percent from December. At 80.7, the Crop Production Index is down 3.9 percent. At 99.9, the Livestock Production Index increased 2.9 percent. Producers received lower prices for milk, lettuce, broccoli, and cauliflower but higher prices for cattle, broilers, and tomatoes. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the monthly mix of commodities producers market. Increased monthly movement of dry beans, cattle, soybeans, and corn offset the decreased marketing of cotton, broilers, market eggs, and hay. The Prices Received Index is down 8.1 percent from the previous year. The Food Commodities Index, at 95.8, decreased 0.8 percent from December and is down 12 percent from January 2015. January Prices Paid Index Up 1.0 Percent The January Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 107.0, is up 1.0 percent from December but is down 4.0 percent from January 2015. Higher prices for other services, feeder pigs, and feeder cattle more than offset lower prices for nitrogen, milk cows, diesel, and hay & forages. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : January : December : January Index Group : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 97.1 89.8 89.2 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 111.5 105.9 107.0 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 87 85 83 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers...................................................................... ............... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons.............................. 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2015 and 2016................. 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2015 and 2016..................... 6 Received and Paid Indexes, Annual Average - United States: 2011=100 Chart...................................... 6 Crop Farm Received and Paid Indexes, All Items by Quarter - United States: 2011=100 Chart...................... 7 Livestock Farm Received and Paid Indexes All Items by Quarter - United States: 2011=100 Chart.................. 7 Received Indexes by Month, Agricultural, Crop, and Livestock Production - United States: 2011=100 Chart........ 8 Received Indexes by Month, Feed Grain, Food Grain, and Oilseed - United States: 2011=100 Chart................. 8 Received Indexes by Month, Fruit & Tree Nut and Vegetable & Melon - United States: 2011=100 Chart.............. 9 Received Indexes by Month, Dairy, Meat Animal, and Poultry & Egg - United States: 2011=100 Chart............... 9 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons...................... 10 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons.................... 11 Prices Received for Corn by Month - United States Chart........................................................ 12 Prices Received for Wheat by Month - United States Chart....................................................... 12 Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month - United States Chart............................................... 13 Prices Received for Soybeans by Month - United States Chart.................................................... 13 Prices Received for Cattle by Month - United States Chart...................................................... 14 Prices Received for Milk by Month - United States Chart........................................................ 14 Prices Received for Hogs by Month - United States Chart........................................................ 15 Prices Received for Poultry by Month - United States Chart..................................................... 15 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2016 with Comparisons.............. 16 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2016 with Comparisons................... 16 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................ 17 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons..................... 17 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons...................... 18 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons..................... 18 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............................. 18 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons....................... 19 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons................... 19 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons...................... 19 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons.................... 19 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............................. 20 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................... 20 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................ 21 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............... 21 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................ 21 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................... 21 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................... 22 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons..... 22 Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............................................................. ............................... 22 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons...................... 23 Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................... 23 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2015...................... 24 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2015..................... 25 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2016...................... 26 Prices Received for Potatoes - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................... 27 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................... 28 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons........................ 28 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons.... 29 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons......................................... 30 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities.................................................................. ..... 32 Cattle Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015...................... 32 Hog Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015......................... 32 Milk Cow Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 ........ 33 Prices Received for Cows, Steers and Heifers, Calves, Beef Cattle, and Milk Cows by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015................................................................ ............... 34 Prices Received for Barrows and Gilts, Sows, and All Hogs by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015................................................................ ............................... 34 Prices Received for Milk Cows by Month - States and United States: 2015........................................ 35 Prices Received Value per Head for All Cattle and Calves - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016..................................................................... ............................... 36 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Hogs - States and United States: December 1, 2014 and 2015..................................................................... ............................... 37 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Sheep and Lambs - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016..................................................................... ............... 38 Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Angora Goats - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016..................................................................... ............................... 39 Other Hay Baled Market Year Average Prices Received - Selected Regions: 2011-2013, 2012-2014, and 2013-2015 Averages........................................................... ............................... 39 Parity Price Overview..................................................................... ..................... 40 Prices Received For Average Base Period - United States: January 1910-December 1914............................ 41 The Parity Ratio........................................................................ ....................... 42 Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2016........................... 43 Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015..................................................... ...................... 48 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates.................................................................... ... 58 Prices Paid by Farmers...................................................................... ................... 59 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons................... 60 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............................................................. .................. 61 Paid Indexes by Month, All Items and Production Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart.......................... 62 Paid Indexes, Annual Averages, Production Items, Interest, Taxes, and Wages - United States: 2011=100 Chart.... 62 Paid Indexes by Farm Type and Month, All Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart................................. 63 Paid Indexes by Origin and Month, All Production Items - United States: 2011=100 Chart......................... 63 Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Origin and Month, Chemicals, Fertilizer, and Fuels - United States: 2011=100 Chart.... 64 Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Origin and Month, Machinery and Supplies & Repairs - United States: 2011=100 Chart.... 64 Paid Indexes by Farm Origin and Month, Feed and Livestock & Poultry - United States: 2011=100 Chart............ 65 Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............................................... 66 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons............. 66 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons................................ 66 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates.................................................................... ....... 67 Information Contacts..................................................................... ...................... 68 January Prices Received by Farmers The January Prices Received Index for agricultural production is 89.2 percent of its 2011 base, down 0.7 percent from the December index and 8.1 percent below the January 2015 index. Crop production: The January index, at 80.7, decreased 3.9 percent from December and is 1.9 percent below January 2015. Index decreases for other crop and vegetable & melon production more than offset the index increases for grain & oilseed and fruit & tree nut production. Within the Crop Production Index, see the following: Grain and oilseed: The January index, at 67.9, is up 3.0 percent from December but is down 8.1 percent from January 2015. The higher food grain index more than offset the lower oilseed index and feed grain index. Within the Grain and Oilseed Index, see the following: Feed grain: The January index, at 61.4, is down 0.2 percent from last month and is 4.2 percent below a year ago. The corn price, at $3.66 per bushel, is up 1 cent from last month but is down 16 cents from January 2015. At $5.60 per cwt, sorghum grain is 16 cents lower than December and $1.80 below January a year earlier. Food grain: At 78.7, the index for January is 11 percent higher than December but is 13 percent below a year earlier. The January price for all wheat, at $4.82 per bushel, is up 11 cents from December but is $1.33 below January 2015. Oilseed: At 69.7, the index for January is down 0.4 percent from December and 15 percent lower than January 2015. The soybean price, at $8.71 per bushel, decreased 5 cents from December and is $1.59 lower than January a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The January index, at 134.8, is up 1.0 percent from December and 9.6 percent higher than a year earlier. Price increases for apples during January more than offset lower prices for oranges. Vegetable and melon: At 129.1, the index for January is down 4.7 percent from the previous month but up 17 percent from January 2015. Price decreases during January for lettuce, broccoli, and cauliflower more than offset price increases for tomatoes, onions, and celery. Other crop: The January index, at 76.5, is down 4.0 percent from the previous month and 3.8 percent lower than January 2015. The all hay price, at $137.00 per ton, is down $5.00 from December and $12.00 less than January 2015. At 58.0 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is down 1.9 cents from December and 1.1 cents below January 2015. Livestock production: The index for January, at 99.9, is 2.9 percent above the previous month but down 17 percent from January a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices are lower for cattle, hogs, broilers, calves, milk, and market eggs and higher for turkeys. Within the Livestock Production Index, see the following: Meat animal: At 103.0, the January index is up 7.3 percent from the previous month but is 22 percent lower than a year earlier. At $43.60 per cwt, the January hog price is up 80 cents from December but is $13.80 lower than a year earlier. The January beef cattle price of $130.00 per cwt is up $8.00 from the previous month but $34.00 lower than January 2015. Dairy: The index for January, at 80.1, is down 6.4 percent from the previous month and is 8.6 percent lower than January a year earlier. The January all milk price of $16.10 per cwt is down $1.10 from December and $1.50 lower than January 2015. Poultry and egg: At 113.9, the January index is up 2.2 percent from December but down 10 percent from 2015. The January market egg price, at 96.8 cents per dozen, decreased 7.2 cents from December and 10.2 cents from January 2015. The January broiler price, at 51.0 cents per pound, is up 4.0 cents from December but is down 9.0 cents from a year earlier. At 78.9 cents per pound, the January turkey price is down 9.7 cents from the previous month but 12.7 cents higher than January 2015. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : January : December : January Index Group : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 97.1 89.8 89.2 Crop production ..............: 82.3 84.0 80.7 Grain and oilseed ..........: 74.2 65.9 67.9 Feed grain ...............: 64.1 61.5 61.4 Food grain ...............: 90.1 71.1 78.7 Oilseed ..................: 82.2 70.0 69.7 Fruit and tree nut .........: 123.0 133.4 134.8 Vegetable and melon ........: 110.6 135.4 129.1 Other crop .................: 79.5 79.7 76.5 : Livestock production .........: 120.5 97.1 99.9 Meat animal ................: 131.5 96.0 103.0 Cattle ...................: 147.7 108.6 115.4 Hog ......................: 86.3 64.4 65.6 Dairy ......................: 87.6 85.6 80.1 Poultry and egg ............: 126.8 111.4 113.9 : Food commodity .................: 108.5 96.6 95.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : January : December : January Index Group : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 1002 927 921 Crop production ..............: 718 733 704 Livestock production .........: 1399 1127 1160 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 97.1 89.2 82.3 80.7 120.5 99.9 108.5 95.8 February ......: 98.9 84.0 113.9 106.8 March .........: 102.1 85.5 117.3 110.2 April .........: 103.4 88.6 116.4 110.6 May ...........: 107.1 90.3 121.9 115.6 June ..........: 104.6 88.2 121.0 112.9 July ..........: 99.2 85.9 115.2 105.6 August ........: 102.1 87.8 117.1 109.6 September .....: 97.5 87.1 109.3 103.5 October .......: 88.9 79.7 104.3 94.5 November ......: 91.9 82.1 105.3 101.3 December ......: 89.8 84.0 97.1 96.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 111.5 107.0 112.7 105.9 107.9 107.3 115.3 106.7 February ......: 111.0 112.0 108.3 114.0 March .........: 111.4 112.5 108.4 114.7 April .........: 111.2 112.3 108.3 114.4 May ...........: 111.0 112.0 108.4 113.8 June ..........: 111.1 112.0 108.5 113.9 July ..........: 110.6 111.2 108.1 113.4 August ........: 109.9 110.3 107.6 112.3 September .....: 108.6 108.5 107.3 109.9 October .......: 108.6 108.3 107.3 109.9 November ......: 107.4 106.8 107.0 107.9 December ......: 105.9 104.8 106.5 105.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : January 2015 :December 2015 : January 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Austrian winter peas .........dollars/cwt: 19.50 (D) (D) (D) Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.86 5.89 5.46 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 2.99 3.12 3.14 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 5.47 5.99 5.67 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 33.00 23.70 28.50 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 17.80 14.90 13.80 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 26.70 28.20 28.60 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 31.30 32.20 34.00 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 18.20 25.20 22.20 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.82 3.65 3.66 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.591 0.599 0.580 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 194.00 217.00 228.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 11.70 8.62 8.45 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 149.00 142.00 137.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 170.00 150.00 147.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 122.00 129.00 121.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 25.40 29.50 31.40 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 3.02 2.11 1.92 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.225 0.178 0.193 Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 12.30 12.50 13.20 : Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 9.78 9.12 8.54 8.58 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 15.10 12.80 13.60 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 12.50 11.40 11.50 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 20.40 16.20 16.90 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 7.40 5.76 5.60 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 10.30 8.76 8.71 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 19.10 19.40 20.00 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 6.15 4.71 4.82 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 6.02 4.49 4.63 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 9.89 6.93 6.60 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.84 4.77 4.80 Hard red winter .........dollars/bushel: 7.07 5.95 4.33 4.37 Soft red winter .........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.67 4.52 4.47 Hard red spring .........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.82 4.76 4.77 White ...................dollars/bushel: 6.58 6.39 5.37 5.47 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 7.03 10.79 10.05 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 18.53 24.02 22.77 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 9.35 9.71 9.30 Tangelos ....................dollars/box: 3.50 14.29 10.30 (S) Tangerines and mandarins ....dollars/box: 15.30 (D) (D) (D) : Non-citrus, fresh : Apples 1/ .................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.316 0.454 0.453 Grapes 1/ ...................dollars/ton: 628.00 (S) 2,070.00 (S) Peaches 1/ ..................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears 1/ ....................dollars/ton: 559.00 725.00 813.00 848.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 135.00 193.00 195.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), Pennsylvania (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : January 2015 :December 2015 : January 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (NA) (S) (D) Beans, snap 2/ ...............dollars/cwt: 69.00 40.80 118.00 95.90 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 67.30 84.70 50.80 Cantaloupes 2/ ...............dollars/cwt: 16.50 (NA) (S) (NA) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 33.80 32.90 34.40 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 58.40 184.00 59.10 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 19.40 59.80 67.20 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 39.80 26.00 43.80 Cucumbers 2/ .................dollars/cwt: 18.70 30.60 38.40 35.00 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 38.20 51.90 42.00 Onions 3/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 8.39 12.20 14.40 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 34.80 42.50 108.00 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 288.00 193.00 196.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 164.00 122.00 130.00 Cows 4/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 112.00 74.80 74.20 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 166.00 123.00 132.00 Milk cows 5/ 6/ .............dollars/head: 1,420.00 1,990.00 1,980.00 1,830.00 Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 57.40 42.80 43.60 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 57.70 43.30 44.00 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 48.00 28.40 31.50 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 7/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 17.60 17.20 16.10 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 3.84 3.89 3.89 Broilers, live 8/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.600 0.470 0.510 Eggs, all 9/ ...............dollars/dozen: 0.969 1.25 1.24 1.18 Market 9/ 10/ .............dollars/dozen: 0.796 1.07 1.04 0.968 Turkeys, live 11/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.662 0.886 0.789 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 1.35 1.05 1.29 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 93 118 92 Milk, all 7/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.20 18.10 17.00 16.60 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 97 101 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning January 2006, point of first sale. FOB shipping point for prior years. 2/ Monthly estimates began January 1995. 3/ Includes some processing. 4/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 5/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 6/ Milk cow prices are for January 2015, October 2015, and January 2016. 7/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 8/ Live weight equivalent price. 9/ Mid-month price. 10/ Also referred to as table eggs. 11/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2016 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 6.65 6.15 4.82 4.42 3.82 3.66 12.90 10.30 8.71 February ...: 6.50 5.89 4.35 3.79 13.20 9.91 March ......: 6.74 5.70 4.52 3.81 13.70 9.85 April ......: 6.82 5.56 4.71 3.75 14.30 9.69 May ........: 7.08 5.33 4.71 3.64 14.40 9.58 June .......: 6.49 5.43 4.50 3.59 14.30 9.58 July .......: 6.15 5.23 4.06 3.80 13.10 9.95 August .....: 5.97 4.85 3.63 3.68 12.40 9.71 September ..: 5.71 4.72 3.49 3.68 10.90 9.05 October ....: 5.71 4.87 3.57 3.67 9.97 8.81 November ...: 6.04 4.86 3.60 3.60 10.20 8.68 December ...: 6.14 4.71 3.79 3.65 10.30 8.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2016 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 138.00 164.00 130.00 61.20 57.40 43.60 February .: 144.00 159.00 65.50 50.40 March ....: 148.00 160.00 81.90 50.30 April ....: 148.00 162.00 88.80 49.00 May ......: 146.00 160.00 82.80 58.90 June .....: 147.00 155.00 84.80 59.90 July .....: 156.00 149.00 93.30 58.70 August ...: 158.00 148.00 83.20 59.00 September : 157.00 139.00 75.70 54.50 October ..: 161.00 128.00 77.00 55.50 November .: 167.00 129.00 66.70 45.90 December .: 164.00 122.00 64.30 42.80 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) Arkansas ...........: 5.17 4.09 (D) California .........: 6.97 5.43 5.40 Colorado ...........: 5.66 4.06 4.06 Idaho ..............: 6.01 5.35 4.95 Illinois ...........: 5.58 3.65 3.68 Indiana ............: 5.42 5.05 4.59 Kansas .............: 5.99 4.18 4.34 Michigan ...........: 6.15 5.63 5.14 Minnesota ..........: 5.82 4.72 4.79 : Missouri ...........: 5.50 3.73 3.52 Montana ............: 6.76 5.17 5.05 Nebraska ...........: 5.73 4.00 4.06 North Carolina .....: 5.69 4.98 5.46 North Dakota .......: 6.07 4.86 4.99 Ohio ...............: 5.94 4.38 4.41 Oklahoma ...........: 6.19 4.45 4.34 Oregon .............: 6.74 5.25 5.31 South Dakota .......: 5.68 4.70 4.81 Texas ..............: 5.60 3.84 3.61 Washington .........: 6.59 5.36 5.59 : United States ......: 6.15 4.71 4.82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 5.17 4.09 (D) California .........: 6.97 5.45 5.40 Colorado ...........: 5.66 4.07 4.05 Idaho ..............: 5.91 5.32 4.87 Illinois ...........: 5.58 3.65 3.68 Indiana ............: 5.42 5.05 4.59 Kansas .............: 5.99 4.18 4.34 Michigan ...........: 6.15 5.63 5.14 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Missouri ...........: 5.50 3.73 3.52 : Montana ............: 6.31 4.91 4.80 Nebraska ...........: 5.73 4.00 4.06 North Carolina .....: 5.69 4.98 5.46 North Dakota .......: 4.55 3.71 3.42 Ohio ...............: 5.94 4.38 4.41 Oklahoma ...........: 6.19 4.45 4.34 Oregon .............: 6.73 5.23 5.31 South Dakota .......: 5.43 4.17 4.23 Texas ..............: 5.60 3.84 3.61 Washington .........: 6.47 5.31 5.58 : United States ......: 6.02 4.49 4.63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (S) (D) (S) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (S) Montana ............: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 9.90 7.02 6.40 : United States ......: 9.89 6.93 6.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: (D) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: 6.22 5.40 5.16 Minnesota ..........: 5.82 4.72 4.80 Montana ............: 6.51 4.95 4.89 North Dakota .......: 5.52 4.64 4.64 Oregon .............: 6.82 5.37 5.34 South Dakota .......: 5.89 4.83 4.94 Washington .........: 7.25 5.59 5.67 : United States ......: 5.84 4.77 4.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (D) (D) Iowa ...............: 3.77 2.64 2.62 Michigan ...........: (D) (D) 2.53 Minnesota ..........: 3.08 2.12 2.31 Montana ............: (S) (S) (D) Nebraska ...........: 2.90 (D) (D) New York ...........: (S) 2.33 (S) North Dakota .......: 2.39 2.26 2.32 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: 3.85 (D) (D) South Dakota .......: 3.22 2.03 2.10 Texas ..............: (S) (D) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 3.30 1.89 1.48 : United States ......: 3.02 2.11 1.92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (D) 5.04 Colorado ...........: (D) (D) 6.24 Idaho ..............: 4.59 6.22 5.68 Minnesota ..........: 5.67 5.22 5.00 Montana ............: 4.60 6.06 5.88 North Dakota .......: 5.29 5.00 4.77 Oregon .............: (D) (D) (D) Utah ...............: (D) 3.56 3.48 Washington .........: 3.33 2.96 3.18 Wyoming ............: (S) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.86 5.89 5.46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 5.56 6.48 6.04 Minnesota ..........: 5.68 5.30 5.04 Montana ............: 5.59 6.11 5.97 North Dakota .......: 5.38 5.04 4.96 Wyoming ............: (S) (D) (D) : United States ......: 5.47 5.99 5.67 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 2.87 3.00 3.23 Minnesota ..........: (D) 2.93 3.53 Montana ............: 2.36 (D) 2.66 North Dakota .......: 2.40 2.29 2.40 Wyoming ............: (S) (D) (S) : United States ......: 2.99 3.12 3.14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arkansas ...........: 7.01 7.20 7.30 Illinois ...........: 6.50 6.72 6.96 Kansas .............: 7.45 5.57 5.43 Louisiana ..........: (D) 7.76 (D) Missouri ...........: 6.69 6.44 6.17 Nebraska ...........: 7.47 5.78 5.68 Oklahoma ...........: 7.95 6.04 5.98 Texas ..............: 7.26 6.20 5.94 : United States ......: 7.40 5.76 5.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 4.10 3.66 3.78 Illinois ...........: 3.82 3.79 3.72 Indiana ............: 3.86 3.88 3.97 Iowa ...............: 3.86 3.53 3.55 Kansas .............: 3.94 3.63 3.61 Kentucky ...........: 4.08 3.96 3.96 Michigan ...........: 3.75 3.56 3.65 Minnesota ..........: 3.71 3.44 3.47 Missouri ...........: 3.58 3.80 3.73 Nebraska ...........: 3.88 3.64 3.58 : North Carolina .....: 4.43 4.41 4.40 North Dakota .......: 3.44 3.23 3.23 Ohio ...............: 3.87 4.01 3.90 Pennsylvania .......: 4.11 3.93 3.87 South Dakota .......: 3.41 3.32 3.27 Tennessee ..........: 4.00 4.01 4.00 Texas ..............: 4.51 4.12 4.43 Wisconsin ..........: 3.74 3.38 3.51 : United States ......: 3.82 3.65 3.66 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 10.70 9.32 9.15 Illinois ...........: 10.50 8.99 8.97 Indiana ............: 10.50 8.95 8.93 Iowa ...............: 10.20 8.45 8.46 Kansas .............: 9.78 8.27 8.25 Kentucky ...........: 10.60 9.22 9.24 Louisiana ..........: 10.80 9.67 9.65 Michigan ...........: 10.40 8.40 8.58 Minnesota ..........: 10.20 8.55 8.33 Mississippi ........: 10.50 9.83 9.37 : Missouri ...........: 10.10 8.91 8.97 Nebraska ...........: 9.98 8.36 8.42 North Carolina .....: 10.20 8.36 8.06 North Dakota .......: 9.50 8.23 8.22 Ohio ...............: 10.70 9.06 9.15 South Dakota .......: 9.79 8.26 8.34 Tennessee ..........: 10.80 9.21 9.29 Wisconsin ..........: 10.20 8.44 8.68 : United States ......: 10.30 8.76 8.71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: 58.10 71.70 69.30 Colorado ...........: 46.30 26.20 28.20 Idaho ..............: 35.20 33.90 33.80 Michigan ...........: (D) 25.30 28.50 Minnesota ..........: (D) 29.40 35.70 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 30.60 21.00 21.80 : United States ......: 33.00 23.70 28.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.206 0.141 0.172 Florida ............: 0.195 0.153 0.159 Georgia ............: 0.200 0.183 0.195 Mississippi ........: 0.214 0.112 0.052 New Mexico .........: 0.306 (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.213 0.208 0.058 Oklahoma ...........: (S) 0.211 0.178 South Carolina .....: 0.242 0.082 0.172 Texas ..............: 0.398 0.207 0.218 Virginia ...........: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 0.225 0.178 0.193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Colorado ...........: (D) (D) (S) Kansas .............: 19.00 20.10 20.90 Minnesota ..........: (D) 19.00 18.90 North Dakota .......: 19.40 21.30 20.50 South Dakota .......: 18.20 17.30 18.60 : United States ......: 19.10 19.40 20.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) (D) North Dakota .......: 17.80 14.90 13.80 : United States ......: 17.80 14.90 13.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 11.70 8.62 8.45 : United States ......: 11.70 8.62 8.45 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January : December : January : January : December : January : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: 0.529 0.609 0.595 167.00 203.00 192.00 Arizona ............: (D) 0.638 0.630 263.00 323.00 317.00 Arkansas ...........: 0.642 0.609 0.618 (S) (S) (S) California .........: (D) (S) (D) 305.00 (D) (S) Georgia ............: 0.619 0.623 0.592 177.00 194.00 197.00 Louisiana ..........: 0.645 0.579 0.598 (S) 270.00 (S) Mississippi ........: 0.647 0.608 0.611 (S) 265.00 (S) North Carolina .....: 0.642 0.559 0.569 235.00 218.00 (S) Tennessee ..........: 0.624 0.608 0.589 (S) (S) (S) Texas ..............: 0.581 0.591 0.566 182.00 225.00 229.00 : United States ......: 0.591 0.599 0.580 194.00 217.00 228.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.591 0.599 0.580 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 2,359 2,359 1,602 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 15.10 12.80 13.60 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 17,091 14,793 19,007 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.50 11.40 11.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 11,456 10,432 11,606 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 23.20 18.90 18.50 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 14.90 11.80 11.50 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 20.40 16.20 16.90 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 5,635 4,361 7,401 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January : December : January : January : December : January : January : December : January : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ......: 215.00 141.00 160.00 215.00 140.00 160.00 210.00 200.00 200.00 California ...: 190.00 157.00 157.00 200.00 165.00 165.00 160.00 120.00 120.00 Colorado .....: 194.00 159.00 159.00 195.00 160.00 160.00 190.00 150.00 150.00 Idaho ........: 188.00 188.00 168.00 190.00 190.00 170.00 165.00 150.00 150.00 Illinois .....: 167.00 150.00 153.00 180.00 170.00 165.00 120.00 110.00 110.00 Iowa .........: 132.00 110.00 114.00 142.00 120.00 122.00 107.00 94.00 101.00 Kansas .......: 139.00 105.00 94.00 153.00 114.00 106.00 92.00 76.00 77.00 Kentucky .....: 125.00 139.00 140.00 200.00 220.00 225.00 100.00 115.00 115.00 Michigan .....: 159.00 144.00 143.00 185.00 160.00 150.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 Minnesota ....: 109.00 93.00 88.00 122.00 105.00 100.00 78.00 73.00 67.00 : Missouri .....: 98.00 95.00 94.00 165.00 170.00 170.00 85.00 80.00 80.00 Montana ......: 123.00 119.00 114.00 125.00 120.00 115.00 115.00 110.00 110.00 Nebraska .....: 95.00 85.00 85.00 99.00 89.00 87.00 83.00 76.00 80.00 Nevada .......: 229.00 161.00 151.00 230.00 160.00 150.00 200.00 175.00 160.00 New Mexico ...: 221.00 179.00 179.00 230.00 185.00 185.00 140.00 145.00 145.00 New York .....: 133.00 173.00 180.00 220.00 225.00 225.00 128.00 170.00 178.00 North Dakota .: 82.00 77.00 80.00 85.00 78.00 82.00 60.00 57.00 56.00 Ohio .........: 145.00 150.00 154.00 180.00 200.00 210.00 120.00 110.00 110.00 Oklahoma .....: 95.00 136.00 128.00 165.00 180.00 161.00 86.00 83.00 86.00 Oregon .......: 209.00 186.00 186.00 225.00 200.00 200.00 190.00 170.00 170.00 : Pennsylvania .: 221.00 234.00 211.00 242.00 231.00 215.00 217.00 234.00 209.00 South Dakota .: 108.00 107.00 102.00 113.00 111.00 107.00 91.00 92.00 90.00 Texas ........: 78.00 97.00 101.00 233.00 205.00 212.00 65.00 82.00 89.00 Utah .........: 180.00 160.00 160.00 180.00 160.00 160.00 145.00 130.00 130.00 Washington ...: 210.00 169.00 163.00 210.00 160.00 155.00 210.00 185.00 180.00 Wisconsin ....: 129.00 91.00 104.00 133.00 98.00 110.00 100.00 64.00 79.00 Wyoming ......: 137.00 111.00 111.00 140.00 115.00 115.00 125.00 100.00 100.00 : United States : 149.00 142.00 137.00 170.00 150.00 147.00 122.00 129.00 121.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Prices at point of first sale for other States] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apples, fresh use State :----------------------------------------------------------- : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Michigan ...........: 0.305 0.335 0.325 New York ...........: 0.270 0.298 0.247 Pennsylvania .......: 0.287 0.379 0.335 Virginia ...........: 0.300 0.250 0.250 Washington .........: 0.327 0.477 0.495 : United States ......: 0.316 0.454 0.453 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2015 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 14.80 (D) (D) 12.80 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 23.80 8.99 12.98 4.89 6.38 10.74 1.91 White ...........................: 23.00 8.12 12.10 6.00 5.68 9.95 3.40 Red .............................: 23.90 9.17 13.10 4.55 6.53 10.85 1.45 Texas .............................: 23.50 9.37 11.90 (D) 7.80 10.29 (D) : United States .....................: 23.70 9.37 12.96 4.38 7.03 10.90 1.65 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 48.40 24.35 38.95 (D) 18.73 32.81 (D) : United States .....................: 48.40 24.14 38.98 (D) 18.53 32.84 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 29.80 17.58 20.45 (D) 14.95 17.84 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 29.80 17.58 20.45 (D) 14.95 17.84 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 26.60 10.55 15.45 10.40 7.90 12.85 7.75 Early and mids ..................: 26.60 10.55 15.45 10.40 7.90 12.85 7.75 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 29.40 11.99 19.87 10.03 9.35 17.26 7.38 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: 40.00 17.72 28.35 7.00 14.29 25.20 3.30 : United States .....................: 40.00 17.72 28.35 7.00 14.29 25.20 3.30 : Tangerines and mandarins : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ...........................: 42.10 21.94 28.70 7.08 18.40 25.45 2.88 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) 2.76 (D) (D) -1.60 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2015 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 19.17 (D) (D) 16.73 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 28.10 13.20 17.26 7.09 10.66 15.02 4.11 White ...........................: 31.00 12.86 20.10 6.75 10.47 17.95 4.15 Red .............................: 27.60 13.27 16.80 7.20 10.71 14.55 4.10 Texas .............................: 27.10 10.96 15.50 (D) 9.40 13.89 (D) : United States .....................: 27.80 13.01 17.19 5.29 10.79 15.14 2.74 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 52.30 30.57 42.66 (D) 24.71 36.40 (D) : United States .....................: 52.00 29.86 42.39 (D) 24.02 36.13 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 31.60 19.67 22.06 (D) 16.99 19.40 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 31.60 19.67 22.06 (D) 16.99 19.40 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 31.40 9.62 20.25 8.95 6.97 17.65 6.30 Early and mids ..................: 31.40 9.62 20.25 8.95 6.97 17.65 6.30 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 30.40 14.57 18.80 (D) 12.79 16.97 (D) Early and mids ..................: 30.40 14.57 18.80 (D) 12.79 16.97 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 31.50 12.35 21.63 8.53 9.71 19.02 5.88 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: 29.80 13.64 18.15 5.50 10.30 15.00 1.80 : United States .....................: 29.80 13.64 18.15 5.50 10.30 15.00 1.80 : Tangerines and mandarins : California ........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ...........................: 51.70 27.53 38.30 6.90 23.95 35.05 2.70 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: January 2016 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 17.82 (D) (D) 15.34 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 28.00 12.91 17.21 8.87 10.30 14.98 5.90 White ...........................: 32.40 12.87 21.50 7.75 10.44 19.35 5.15 Red .............................: 27.20 12.93 16.40 9.25 10.26 14.15 6.15 Texas .............................: 27.80 9.72 16.20 (D) 8.18 14.59 (D) : United States .....................: 27.90 12.37 17.27 6.88 10.05 15.20 4.27 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 50.00 29.77 40.36 (D) 23.87 34.10 (D) : United States .....................: 49.50 28.64 39.89 (D) 22.77 33.63 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 29.10 17.12 19.56 (D) 14.44 16.90 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 29.10 17.12 19.56 (D) 14.44 16.90 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 30.60 10.09 19.43 9.86 7.44 16.83 7.21 Early and mids ..................: 30.60 10.07 19.45 9.85 7.42 16.85 7.20 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 32.80 18.99 21.20 (D) 17.18 19.37 (D) Early and mids ..................: 32.80 18.99 21.20 (D) 17.18 19.37 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 29.30 11.95 19.61 9.43 9.30 16.98 6.77 : Tangelos : Florida ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : Tangerines and mandarins : California ........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ...........................: 57.30 38.41 43.90 6.55 35.02 40.65 2.35 : United States .....................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Potatoes - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California, all 1/ ...: 13.40 9.85 13.50 Spring .............: 21.20 (S) 17.20 Fall ...............: 9.30 9.85 9.85 Colorado, all 1/ .....: 9.30 8.05 8.95 Fresh 2/ ...........: 10.40 9.40 9.95 Florida ..............: (S) (S) (S) Idaho, all 1/ ........: 7.40 6.45 6.75 Fresh 2/ ...........: 6.70 5.55 6.05 Processing .........: 7.85 7.30 7.20 Maine ................: (D) (D) (D) : Michigan .............: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ............: 9.10 10.20 10.40 New York .............: (D) (D) (D) North Carolina .......: (S) (S) (S) North Dakota, all 1/ .: (D) (D) (D) Fresh 2/ ...........: (D) (D) (D) Processing .........: (D) (D) (D) Oregon ...............: 8.60 8.45 8.70 Texas ................: (D) (D) (D) Virginia .............: (S) (S) (S) : Washington, all 1/ ...: 8.70 8.10 8.05 Processing .........: 8.20 7.85 7.60 Wisconsin, all 1/ ....: 10.00 8.95 9.15 Fresh 2/ ...........: 9.85 9.00 8.90 Processing .........: 10.20 8.90 9.30 : United States, all 1/ : 9.12 8.54 8.58 Fresh 2/ ...........: 9.65 8.88 8.76 Processing .........: 8.72 8.29 8.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed, and livestock feed. 2/ Fresh market prices only. Includes table stock prices. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 2015 : December 2015 : January 2016 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 16.40 3.54 16.70 3.62 15.20 3.64 California .........: 15.81 3.80 15.82 3.88 15.12 3.85 Colorado ...........: 18.70 3.72 18.10 3.78 16.60 3.79 Florida ............: 22.60 3.61 21.50 3.62 19.80 3.62 Idaho ..............: 16.80 3.87 16.70 4.02 15.60 4.02 Illinois ...........: 18.40 3.85 17.40 3.89 16.30 3.91 Indiana ............: 18.10 3.85 17.50 3.85 16.30 3.85 Iowa ...............: 17.40 3.84 17.20 3.93 15.90 3.94 Kansas .............: 17.50 3.88 16.70 3.89 15.70 3.85 Michigan ...........: 17.60 3.75 16.50 3.74 15.30 3.74 : Minnesota ..........: 18.30 3.95 17.00 4.01 16.50 4.00 New Mexico .........: 16.40 3.75 16.00 3.78 15.00 3.75 New York ...........: 18.70 3.90 18.80 3.86 17.00 3.89 Ohio ...............: 18.70 3.86 17.80 3.89 16.90 3.89 Oregon .............: 18.90 3.96 18.80 4.14 17.50 4.09 Pennsylvania .......: 19.20 3.84 19.20 3.85 17.40 3.89 South Dakota .......: 18.90 4.09 18.20 4.18 17.00 4.16 Texas ..............: 18.20 4.03 17.80 4.08 16.50 4.06 Utah ...............: 17.80 3.83 17.80 4.00 16.00 3.98 Vermont ............: 19.00 3.95 19.00 3.86 17.20 3.91 : Virginia ...........: 20.60 3.80 20.20 3.79 18.70 3.81 Washington .........: 17.50 3.96 18.30 4.14 16.40 4.09 Wisconsin ..........: 18.40 3.84 17.20 3.85 16.00 3.85 : United States ......: 17.60 3.84 17.20 3.89 16.10 3.89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2015 : October 2015 : January 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 2,000.00 2,100.00 1,900.00 California .........: 1,800.00 2,100.00 1,800.00 Colorado ...........: 2,100.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 Florida ............: 2,170.00 2,030.00 1,800.00 Idaho ..............: 2,000.00 2,050.00 1,850.00 Illinois ...........: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,850.00 Indiana ............: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,800.00 Iowa ...............: 2,030.00 1,980.00 1,860.00 Kansas .............: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,830.00 Michigan ...........: 2,200.00 2,100.00 2,000.00 : Minnesota ..........: 1,870.00 1,820.00 1,730.00 New Mexico .........: 2,000.00 1,900.00 1,900.00 New York ...........: 1,910.00 1,750.00 1,700.00 Ohio ...............: 2,000.00 1,800.00 1,750.00 Oregon .............: 2,000.00 1,950.00 1,850.00 Pennsylvania .......: 2,000.00 1,820.00 1,780.00 South Dakota .......: 1,980.00 1,850.00 1,700.00 Texas ..............: 2,100.00 2,000.00 1,850.00 Utah ...............: 1,900.00 1,900.00 1,700.00 Vermont ............: 1,980.00 1,870.00 1,830.00 : Virginia ...........: 2,060.00 1,880.00 1,770.00 Washington .........: 1,950.00 1,950.00 1,800.00 Wisconsin ..........: 2,160.00 2,050.00 1,910.00 : United States ......: 1,990.00 1,980.00 1,830.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price : January :December : January : January :December : January : : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.626 18.50 17.60 18.10 33 27 27 Rice ....................cwt: 1.37 39.70 37.90 39.70 38 34 34 Corn .................bushel: 0.450 13.10 12.50 13.00 29 29 28 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.067 1.95 1.87 1.94 30 32 30 American Pima .......pound: 0.133 4.02 3.84 3.85 39 40 34 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.710 0.678 0.666 32 26 29 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.250 65.00 62.20 65.20 28 41 34 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.270 98.50 94.10 94.70 32 34 36 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.380 67.50 64.40 68.90 38 46 46 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.80 54.10 51.70 52.10 33 33 32 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.157 4.44 4.24 4.55 48 50 47 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.121 3.46 3.31 3.50 42 44 41 Mohair ................pound: 0.394 11.20 10.70 11.40 43 45 46 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.033 0.976 0.933 0.956 32 49 47 Barley ...............bushel: 0.484 13.80 13.20 14.00 35 45 39 Canola ..................cwt: 1.890 55.60 53.10 54.70 32 28 25 Cottonseed ..............ton: 20.00 568.00 543.00 579.00 34 40 39 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.21 96.20 91.80 93.00 34 26 31 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.150 34.60 33.10 33.30 34 26 25 Oats .................bushel: 0.296 8.73 8.34 8.57 35 25 22 Potatoes ................cwt: 0.857 25.00 23.90 24.80 36 36 35 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.778 22.40 21.40 22.50 33 27 25 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.080 32.00 30.50 31.30 32 29 28 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.16 63.00 60.20 62.60 30 32 32 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.660 23.00 22.00 19.10 31 49 53 Lemons ..................box: 1.62 44.10 42.10 46.90 42 57 49 Oranges .................box: 0.865 23.80 22.80 25.10 39 43 37 Tangerines ..............box: 1.79 51.80 49.50 51.80 29 30 35 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.10 320.00 305.00 321.00 51 40 40 Broilers ..............pound: 0.050 1.48 1.41 1.45 41 33 35 Calves ..................cwt: 16.20 453.00 432.00 469.00 64 45 42 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.103 2.78 2.66 2.98 49 39 43 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.70 172.00 164.00 165.00 33 26 26 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.063 1.800 1.720 1.820 37 52 43 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : January : December : January : : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.338 9.62 9.18 9.79 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.17 90.80 86.80 91.80 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.66 71.90 68.70 77.00 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.630 18.20 17.40 18.20 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.23 63.90 61.00 64.60 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.70 48.50 46.30 49.20 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.08 61.50 58.80 60.20 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.180 5.36 5.12 5.21 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.255 7.66 7.32 7.38 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.179 5.36 5.12 5.18 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.171 5.06 4.83 4.95 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.230 6.92 6.61 6.66 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.184 5.36 5.12 5.33 Cigar binder, 51 ................pound: 0.629 18.70 17.90 18.20 : : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 18.30 536.00 512.00 530.00 Apricots : Fresh 3/ ..........................ton: 116.00 3,520.00 3,360.00 3,360.00 Dried (California) ................ton: 251.00 7,600.00 7,260.00 7,270.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 178.00 5,410.00 5,170.00 5,150.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 209.00 6,360.00 6,080.00 6,050.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.032 0.976 0.933 0.927 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 4.32 131.00 125.00 125.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 147.00 4,500.00 4,300.00 4,260.00 : Grapes (California) : Raisin variety 5/ .................ton: 140.00 4,260.00 4,070.00 4,050.00 Wine, processing ..................ton: 64.90 (NA) 1,880.00 1,880.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 91.40 2,660.00 2,540.00 2,650.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 60.50 1,800.00 1,720.00 1,750.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 93.10 2,830.00 2,700.00 2,700.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : January : December : January : : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.041 1.21 1.16 1.19 Peaches : Fresh 4/ 6/ ......................ton: 84.80 2,570.00 2,460.00 2,460.00 Dried (California) 1/ 5/ .........ton: 46.10 1,380.00 1,310.00 1,340.00 Processing, excludes dried : Clingstone (California) 4/ ....ton: 32.60 991.00 947.00 944.00 : Pears, Fresh 6/ ....................ton: 56.00 1,710.00 1,630.00 1,620.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 60.60 1,840.00 1,760.00 1,750.00 Prunes, dried (California) 1/ 2/ 5/ ton: 154.00 4,650.00 4,440.00 4,460.00 Prunes and plums : Fresh, excludes California 7/ ....ton: 61.20 1,860.00 1,780.00 1,770.00 Processing, excludes dried 1/ ....ton: 23.80 707.00 675.00 689.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 8.900 267.00 255.00 258.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.44 100.00 95.50 99.60 Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 5.26 158.00 151.00 152.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.52 105.00 100.00 102.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.227 6.98 6.67 6.57 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 217.00 6,570.00 6,270.00 6,280.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.227 6.72 6.42 6.57 Walnuts ............................ton: 236.00 6,600.00 6,300.00 6,830.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.67 77.80 74.30 77.30 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.29 123.00 118.00 124.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 2.05 58.90 56.20 59.40 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 1.96 58.60 56.00 56.80 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.26 64.20 61.30 65.40 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.42 41.70 39.80 41.10 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.14 125.00 119.00 120.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Market Year for Specified Commodities Cattle: January 1 - December 31. Milk Cows: January1 - December 31. Hogs: December 1 - November 30. Cattle Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 [All beef includes steer and heifers combined and cows. Cows include beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. Milk cow prices are calendar year average of quarterly estimates.] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Steers : : : Year : Cows : and : Calves : Beef cattle : Milk cows : : heifers : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -------------------- dollars per cwt -------------------- dollars per head : 2014 ............: 107.00 153.00 261.00 152.00 1,830.00 2015 ............: 103.00 148.00 247.00 147.00 1,990.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hog Market Year Average Prices Received - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year : Barrows and gilts : Sows : All ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : 2014 ............: 76.50 77.70 76.50 2015 ............: 55.70 44.90 55.30 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milk Cow Market Year Average Prices Received - States and United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 2014 : 2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per head : Alabama ......................: 1,490.00 1,720.00 Alaska .......................: 1,300.00 1,450.00 Arizona ......................: 1,950.00 2,050.00 Arkansas .....................: 1,650.00 1,780.00 California ...................: 1,830.00 2,030.00 Colorado .....................: 2,000.00 2,080.00 Connecticut ..................: 1,730.00 1,830.00 Delaware .....................: 1,850.00 1,950.00 Florida ......................: 1,860.00 2,100.00 Georgia ......................: 1,820.00 1,960.00 : Hawaii .......................: 1,500.00 1,530.00 Idaho ........................: 1,880.00 1,990.00 Illinois .....................: 1,790.00 2,000.00 Indiana ......................: 1,800.00 1,960.00 Iowa .........................: 1,850.00 2,000.00 Kansas .......................: 1,830.00 1,990.00 Kentucky .....................: 1,780.00 1,920.00 Louisiana ....................: 1,770.00 2,000.00 Maine ........................: 1,560.00 1,780.00 Maryland .....................: 1,830.00 1,920.00 : Massachusetts ................: 1,640.00 1,820.00 Michigan .....................: 1,890.00 2,130.00 Minnesota ....................: 1,820.00 1,860.00 Mississippi ..................: 1,700.00 1,940.00 Missouri .....................: 1,580.00 1,750.00 Montana ......................: 1,680.00 1,880.00 Nebraska .....................: 1,870.00 2,010.00 Nevada .......................: 1,800.00 1,900.00 New Hampshire ................: 1,750.00 1,820.00 New Jersey ...................: 1,920.00 2,000.00 : New Mexico ...................: 1,810.00 1,980.00 New York .....................: 1,730.00 1,840.00 North Carolina ...............: 1,830.00 2,010.00 North Dakota .................: 1,600.00 1,760.00 Ohio .........................: 1,730.00 1,880.00 Oklahoma .....................: 1,700.00 1,930.00 Oregon .......................: 1,760.00 1,990.00 Pennsylvania .................: 1,800.00 1,900.00 Rhode Island .................: 1,500.00 1,750.00 South Carolina ...............: 1,890.00 1,950.00 : South Dakota .................: 1,810.00 1,890.00 Tennessee ....................: 1,720.00 1,920.00 Texas ........................: 1,840.00 2,030.00 Utah .........................: 1,740.00 1,930.00 Vermont ......................: 1,810.00 1,920.00 Virginia .....................: 1,820.00 1,960.00 Washington ...................: 1,760.00 1,930.00 West Virginia ................: 1,700.00 1,880.00 Wisconsin ....................: 1,950.00 2,100.00 Wyoming ......................: 1,650.00 1,950.00 : United States ................: 1,830.00 1,990.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Cows, Steers and Heifers, Calves, Beef Cattle, and Milk Cows by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 [All beef includes steer & heifers combined and cows. Cows include beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. Milk cow prices are calendar year average. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory.] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Steers : : : : : Cows : and : Calves : Beef cattle : Milk cows : : heifers : : : : Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------------------- dollars per cwt -------------------------- dollars per head : January ......: 88.30 112.00 140.00 166.00 208.00 288.00 138.00 164.00 1,440.00 1,990.00 February .....: 95.40 110.00 145.00 161.00 209.00 277.00 144.00 159.00 (NA) (NA) March ........: 102.00 114.00 150.00 162.00 216.00 290.00 148.00 160.00 (NA) (NA) April ........: 103.00 113.00 150.00 164.00 222.00 288.00 148.00 162.00 1,810.00 1,970.00 May ..........: 104.00 114.00 147.00 161.00 229.00 288.00 146.00 160.00 (NA) (NA) June .........: 106.00 113.00 148.00 156.00 249.00 292.00 147.00 155.00 (NA) (NA) July .........: 115.00 113.00 157.00 150.00 257.00 275.00 156.00 149.00 1,970.00 2,030.00 August .......: 121.00 110.00 159.00 149.00 271.00 273.00 158.00 148.00 (NA) (NA) September ....: 118.00 104.00 158.00 140.00 279.00 241.00 157.00 139.00 (NA) (NA) October ......: 116.00 89.50 163.00 129.00 307.00 234.00 161.00 128.00 2,120.00 1,980.00 November .....: 115.00 82.00 169.00 131.00 305.00 217.00 167.00 129.00 (NA) (NA) December .....: 115.00 74.80 166.00 123.00 303.00 193.00 164.00 122.00 (NA) (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Prices Received for Barrows and Gilts, Sows, and All Hogs by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2014 and 2015 [December preceding year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Barrows and gilts : Sows : All hogs Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : December ...........: 61.30 64.20 70.10 65.80 61.50 64.30 January ............: 61.10 57.70 64.40 48.00 61.20 57.40 February ...........: 65.60 50.80 63.40 39.70 65.50 50.40 March ..............: 82.00 50.70 79.30 38.20 81.90 50.30 April ..............: 88.40 49.40 98.00 38.50 88.80 49.00 May ................: 82.60 60.00 89.30 31.40 82.80 58.90 June ...............: 85.00 60.80 80.40 36.80 84.80 59.90 July ...............: 93.60 59.50 85.10 40.00 93.30 58.70 August .............: 82.90 59.30 91.60 50.70 83.20 59.00 September ..........: 76.00 54.90 67.10 45.20 75.70 54.50 October ............: 77.40 55.40 66.40 57.40 77.00 55.50 November ...........: 66.40 45.80 74.20 48.50 66.70 45.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows by Month - States and United States: 2015 [Cows sold for dairy herd replacement. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory.] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : April : July : October : 2015 : 2015 : 2015 : 2015 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ........: 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,100.00 2,100.00 California .....: 1,800.00 2,000.00 2,200.00 2,100.00 Colorado .......: 2,100.00 2,100.00 2,100.00 2,000.00 Florida ........: 2,170.00 2,100.00 2,100.00 2,030.00 Idaho ..........: 2,000.00 1,900.00 2,000.00 2,050.00 Illinois .......: 2,100.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 Indiana ........: 2,100.00 1,900.00 1,950.00 1,900.00 Iowa ...........: 2,030.00 1,950.00 2,050.00 1,980.00 Kansas .........: 2,100.00 1,950.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 Michigan .......: 2,200.00 2,100.00 2,100.00 2,100.00 : Minnesota ......: 1,870.00 1,860.00 1,880.00 1,820.00 New Mexico .....: 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 New York .......: 1,910.00 1,820.00 1,890.00 1,750.00 Ohio ...........: 2,000.00 1,850.00 1,850.00 1,800.00 Oregon .........: 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 1,950.00 Pennsylvania ...: 2,000.00 1,890.00 1,890.00 1,820.00 South Dakota ...: 1,980.00 1,840.00 1,900.00 1,850.00 Texas ..........: 2,100.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 Utah ...........: 1,900.00 1,900.00 2,000.00 1,900.00 Vermont ........: 1,980.00 1,880.00 1,940.00 1,870.00 : Virginia .......: 2,060.00 1,930.00 1,950.00 1,880.00 Washington .....: 1,950.00 1,850.00 1,950.00 1,950.00 Wisconsin ......: 2,160.00 2,080.00 2,090.00 2,050.00 : United States : 2015 .........: 1,990.00 1,970.00 2,030.00 1,980.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Value per Head for All Cattle and Calves - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Value per head : Total value State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars ------ ------- 1,000 dollars ------ : Alabama .......: 1,380 1,310 1,656,000 1,637,500 Alaska ........: 1,220 1,200 12,200 13,200 Arizona .......: 1,470 1,390 1,293,600 1,251,000 Arkansas ......: 1,510 1,270 2,461,300 2,159,000 California ....: 1,520 1,460 7,752,000 7,592,000 Colorado ......: 1,670 1,490 4,258,500 4,023,000 Connecticut ...: 1,430 1,400 67,210 68,600 Delaware ......: 1,330 1,280 22,610 20,480 Florida .......: 1,530 1,410 2,570,400 2,382,900 Georgia .......: 1,380 1,260 1,421,400 1,386,000 : Hawaii ........: 1,070 1,010 142,310 141,400 Idaho .........: 1,650 1,480 3,762,000 3,552,000 Illinois ......: 1,590 1,350 1,780,800 1,593,000 Indiana .......: 1,430 1,330 1,244,100 1,183,700 Iowa ..........: 1,530 1,390 5,890,500 5,490,500 Kansas ........: 1,490 1,430 8,791,000 8,937,500 Kentucky ......: 1,400 1,220 2,870,000 2,647,400 Louisiana .....: 1,530 1,400 1,208,700 1,092,000 Maine .........: 1,300 1,340 110,500 108,540 Maryland ......: 1,460 1,280 270,100 243,200 : Massachusetts .: 1,300 1,300 49,400 49,400 Michigan ......: 1,570 1,430 1,758,400 1,644,500 Minnesota .....: 1,470 1,310 3,410,400 3,170,200 Mississippi ...: 1,360 1,270 1,224,000 1,193,800 Missouri ......: 1,570 1,350 6,280,000 5,535,000 Montana .......: 2,040 1,620 5,100,000 4,293,000 Nebraska ......: 1,600 1,450 10,000,000 9,352,500 Nevada ........: 1,740 1,460 748,200 635,100 New Hampshire .: 1,390 1,380 41,700 48,300 New Jersey ....: 1,380 1,380 38,640 38,640 : New Mexico ....: 1,690 1,530 2,247,700 2,111,400 New York ......: 1,490 1,380 2,145,600 2,014,800 North Carolina : 1,240 1,170 992,000 936,000 North Dakota ..: 2,060 1,650 3,378,400 2,805,000 Ohio ..........: 1,410 1,310 1,748,400 1,624,400 Oklahoma ......: 1,590 1,400 7,234,500 6,790,000 Oregon ........: 1,650 1,440 2,145,000 1,900,800 Pennsylvania ..: 1,500 1,330 2,295,000 2,128,000 Rhode Island ..: 1,380 1,360 6,900 6,800 South Carolina : 1,340 1,220 448,900 414,800 : South Dakota ..: 2,000 1,590 7,400,000 6,280,500 Tennessee .....: 1,420 1,240 2,442,400 2,269,200 Texas .........: 1,530 1,400 17,901,000 16,380,000 Utah ..........: 1,750 1,490 1,365,000 1,236,700 Vermont .......: 1,510 1,440 392,600 374,400 Virginia ......: 1,400 1,200 2,058,000 1,776,000 Washington ....: 1,530 1,380 1,759,500 1,587,000 West Virginia .: 1,460 1,270 540,200 495,300 Wisconsin .....: 1,630 1,420 5,705,000 4,970,000 Wyoming .......: 2,130 1,630 2,769,000 2,135,300 : United States .: 1,584 1,410 141,211,070 129,719,760 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Hogs - States and United States: December 1, 2014 and 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Value per head : Total value State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- dollars --- ------- 1,000 dollars ------- : Alabama .................: 150 100 16,500 10,000 Alaska ..................: 205 195 246 273 Arizona .................: 150 100 20,850 13,200 Arkansas ................: 165 90 18,975 14,940 California ..............: 185 125 20,350 11,875 Colorado ................: 140 99 98,000 69,300 Connecticut .............: 185 125 481 313 Delaware ................: 150 100 600 300 Florida .................: 150 100 2,550 1,600 Georgia .................: 120 82 18,600 13,120 : Hawaii ..................: 170 150 1,530 1,350 Idaho ...................: (D) (D) (D) (D) Illinois ................: 140 99 658,000 499,950 Indiana .................: 145 98 536,500 367,500 Iowa ....................: 150 98 3,195,000 2,038,400 Kansas ..................: 125 87 230,000 167,910 Kentucky ................: 105 79 35,700 32,785 Louisiana ...............: 150 100 1,200 800 Maine ...................: 150 100 675 450 Maryland ................: 150 100 3,150 2,100 : Massachusetts ...........: 150 100 1,350 1,100 Michigan ................: 155 110 181,350 122,100 Minnesota ...............: 170 110 1,377,000 874,500 Mississippi .............: 150 100 86,250 51,500 Missouri ................: 125 87 356,250 261,000 Montana .................: 150 100 26,400 17,500 Nebraska ................: 145 100 464,000 330,000 Nevada ..................: 185 125 370 125 New Hampshire ...........: 160 105 576 410 New Jersey ..............: 160 105 1,600 1,260 : New Mexico ..............: 150 100 195 150 New York ................: 130 87 9,100 6,612 North Carolina ..........: 120 77 1,056,000 677,600 North Dakota ............: 150 100 21,000 13,800 Ohio ....................: 155 105 345,650 259,350 Oklahoma ................: 130 100 275,600 210,000 Oregon ..................: 150 100 1,350 1,000 Pennsylvania ............: 130 91 148,200 105,560 Rhode Island ............: 150 100 240 150 South Carolina ..........: 125 81 31,875 19,035 : South Dakota ............: 155 105 196,850 142,800 Tennessee ...............: 130 87 27,300 19,140 Texas ...................: 125 82 101,250 70,520 Utah ....................: 150 100 91,500 67,000 Vermont .................: 185 125 648 500 Virginia ................: 115 80 32,200 21,600 Washington ..............: (D) (D) (D) (D) West Virginia ...........: 150 100 600 500 Wisconsin ...............: 125 92 38,750 29,440 Wyoming .................: 160 105 13,280 11,025 : Idaho and Washington ....: 150 100 8,550 5,200 : United States ...........: 144 96 9,754,191 6,566,642 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Sheep and Lambs - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sheep and lambs :----------------------------------------------------------- State : Value per head : Total value :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- dollars ---- ----- 1,000 dollars ---- : Arizona ............: 165 170 24,750 24,650 California .........: 231 198 138,600 113,850 Colorado ...........: 209 206 87,780 89,610 Idaho ..............: 223 200 57,980 51,000 Illinois ...........: 224 212 12,768 12,720 Indiana ............: 232 216 11,600 10,800 Iowa ...............: 228 222 39,900 38,850 Kansas .............: 230 220 15,180 14,300 Kentucky ...........: 195 214 9,360 11,342 Michigan ...........: 218 208 16,568 17,056 : Minnesota ..........: 243 205 31,590 25,625 Missouri ...........: 195 182 16,575 16,016 Montana ............: 235 215 50,525 49,450 Nebraska ...........: 261 232 21,141 18,560 Nevada .............: 262 229 18,078 13,740 New England 1/ .....: 230 244 9,890 10,248 New Mexico .........: 202 193 18,180 17,370 New York ...........: 215 208 17,200 16,640 North Carolina .....: 203 187 6,090 5,984 North Dakota .......: 213 195 13,632 14,235 : Ohio ...............: 231 227 27,951 27,240 Oklahoma ...........: 243 230 12,879 10,580 Oregon .............: 188 182 36,660 34,580 Pennsylvania .......: 222 213 19,092 20,022 South Dakota .......: 229 203 58,395 51,765 Tennessee ..........: 184 217 8,096 10,416 Texas ..............: 175 182 126,000 133,770 Utah ...............: 234 223 67,860 63,555 Virginia ...........: 196 195 14,700 14,625 Washington .........: 235 220 12,220 11,000 : West Virginia ......: 214 199 7,062 7,164 Wisconsin ..........: 240 206 18,480 15,656 Wyoming ............: 211 207 72,795 73,485 : Other States 2/ ....: 206 187 29,870 29,920 : United States ......: 214 202 1,129,447 1,075,824 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for States not shown, but are included in Other States. Prices Received Value per Head and Total Value for Angora Goats - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Angora goats :----------------------------------------------------------- State : Value per head : Total value :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars ------ --- 1,000 dollars --- : Arizona ............: 90.00 95.00 3,240 3,325 California .........: 90.00 95.00 306 342 New Mexico .........: 89.00 95.00 979 950 Texas ..............: 145.00 130.00 12,325 10,140 : 4-State average ....: 124.40 116.60 16,850 14,757 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Hay Baled Market Year Average Prices Received - Selected Regions: 2011-2013, 2012-2014, and 2013-2015 Averages [Prices provided to the Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture to compute Eastern National Forest grazing fees] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Region : 3-year average :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2011-2013 : 2012-2014 : 2013-2015 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per ton : Appalachia 1/ ................: 105.40 103.90 110.10 Corn Belt 2/ .................: 104.70 103.10 96.70 Florida ......................: 166.10 164.50 159.10 Lake States 3/ ...............: 118.70 124.80 109.40 Northeast 4/ .................: 144.60 160.80 175.70 Southeast/Delta 5/ ...........: 93.10 95.80 99.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. 2/ Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio. 3/ Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. 4/ Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Vermont. 5/ Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina. Parity Prices Parity prices based on data January 2016 and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed, are presented in the table on pages 43 through 46. Annual average prices for 2006 through 2015 for use in parity computations, and ten-year averages for 2005-2014 and 2006-2015 are shown on pages 48 through 57. Parity Prices shown on the following pages are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The major provisions of the amended Act relating to the calculation of parity prices are as follows: "(1) (A) The 'parity price' for any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be determined by multiplying the adjusted base price of such commodity as of such date by the parity index as of such date." "(B) The 'adjusted base price' of any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be (i) the average of the prices received by farmers for such commodity, at such time as the Secretary may select during each year of the ten-year period ending on the 31st of December last before such date, or during each marketing season beginning in such period if the Secretary determines use of a calendar year basis to be impracticable, divided by (ii) the ratio of the general level of prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive." "(C) The 'parity index', as of any date, shall be the ratio of (i) the general level of prices for articles and services that farmers buy, wages paid hired farm labor, interest on farm indebtedness secured by farm real estate, and taxes on farm real estate, for the calendar month ending last before such date to (ii) the general level of such prices, wages, rates, and taxes during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive." "(D) The prices and indexes provided for herein, and the data used in computing them, shall be determined by the Secretary, whose determination shall be final." Section 301(a) (1) (F) outlines authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to make special adjustments in the method of computing parity prices for particular commodities if the method outlined in the Act results in parity prices seriously out of line with those of other commodities. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2015 it is the 2005-2014 average). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. The indexes used in the computation of parity prices are published currently in Agricultural Prices. For the purpose of illustrating the computation of parity prices, the calculation of the parity price for corn based on data for January 2016 is given below. The 120-month, January 2006-December 2015 average of prices received by farmers for corn was $4.47 per bushel, adjusted to allow for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. The 120-month average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans, etc., was 993 (1910-1914=100). The adjusted base price is obtained by dividing $4.47 by 9.93 (0.450). The adjusted base prices when multiplied by 2896 percent, the Parity Index (1910-1914=100), results in the corn parity price of $13.00 for January 2016. Prices Received For Average Base Period - United States: January 1910-December 1914 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit : Average Price -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All wheat ................dollars/bushel: 0.880 Rice rough ..................dollars/cwt: 1.81 Corn .....................dollars/bushel: 0.649 Oats .....................dollars/bushel: 0.399 All barley ...............dollars/bushel: 0.617 All hay, baled ..............dollars/ton: 11.90 Cotton, Upland ..............cents/pound: 11.92 Peanuts .....................cents/pound: 4.83 Cottonseed ..................dollars/ton: 21.80 Flaxseed .................dollars/bushel: 1.68 : Potatoes ....................dollars/cwt: 1.13 Sweet potatoes ..............dollars/cwt: 1.61 Dry edible beans ............dollars/cwt: 3.39 All beef cattle .............dollars/cwt: 5.52 Calves ......................dollars/cwt: 6.84 All hogs ....................dollars/cwt: 7.29 Lambs .......................dollars/cwt: 5.96 Sheep .......................dollars/cwt: 4.59 All milk ....................dollars/cwt: 1.61 All eggs ....................cents/dozen: 21.60 Turkeys, live ...............cents/pound: 14.30 Wool ........................cents/pound: 17.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Ratio The parity ratio (the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the products they sell divided by the Parity Index (1910-1914=100) provides an indication of the per unit purchasing power of farm commodities generally in terms of the goods and services currently bought by farmers, in relation to purchasing power of farm products in the 1910-1914 base period. Thus, a Parity Ratio less than 100 indicates that the average per unit purchasing power of all farm products is lower than during the 1910-1914 period. The parity ratio is a measure of price relationships. The ratio is not a measure of farm income, farmers' total purchasing power, or farmers' welfare. The latter depends upon a number of factors other than price relationships, such as changes in production efficiency and technology, quantities of farm products sold, and supplementary income, including that from off-farm jobs and federal programs. An adjusted parity ratio is computed and published which incorporates supplementary income for federal farm programs. A "preliminary adjusted parity ratio reflecting government payments" based on the forecast of direct government payments for the year is published each quarter in Agricultural Prices. Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic commodities : All wheat 3/ ...............................bushel: 0.626 18.10 Rice 3/ .......................................cwt: 1.37 39.70 Corn 3/ ....................................bushel: 0.450 13.00 Cotton : Upland 3/ .................................pound: 0.067 1.94 American Pima .............................pound: 0.133 3.85 Peanuts .....................................pound: 0.023 0.666 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 .........................pound: 0.180 5.21 Fire-cured, 21-23 .........................pound: 0.255 7.38 Burley, 31 ................................pound: 0.179 5.18 Maryland, 32 ..............................pound: 0.171 4.95 Dark air-cured, 35-37 .....................pound: 0.230 6.66 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .................pound: 0.184 5.33 Cigar binder, 51 ..........................pound: 0.629 18.20 Cigar wrapper, 61 .........................pound: 2.43 70.40 Small chickpeas ...............................cwt: 2.250 65.200 Large chickpeas ...............................cwt: 3.270 94.700 Lentils .......................................cwt: 2.380 68.900 : Designated nonbasic commodities : Soybeans 3/ ..............................bushel: 1.080 31.30 All milk sold to plants .....................cwt: 1.80 52.10 Honey, wholesale ..........................pound: 0.157 4.55 : Wool and mohair : Wool 3/ ...................................pound: 0.121 3.50 Mohair ....................................pound: 0.394 11.40 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley 3/ ............................bushel: 0.484 14.00 Canola ......................................cwt: 1.89 54.70 Cottonseed ..................................ton: 20.00 579.00 Dry edible beans ............................cwt: 3.21 93.00 Flaxseed .................................bushel: 1.150 33.30 Hay, baled ..................................ton: 14.70 426.00 Hops ......................................pound: 0.338 9.79 Mustard seed ................................cwt: 3.17 91.80 Oats 3/ ..................................bushel: 0.296 8.57 : Peppermint oil 3/ .........................pound: 2.00 57.90 Potatoes ....................................cwt: 0.857 24.80 Rapeseed ....................................cwt: 2.66 77.00 Rye ......................................bushel: 0.630 18.20 Safflower ...................................cwt: 2.23 64.60 Sorghum grain 3/ ............................cwt: 0.778 22.50 Spearmint oil .............................pound: 1.70 49.20 Sunflower ...................................cwt: 2.16 62.60 Sweet potatoes ..............................cwt: 2.08 60.20 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit 4/ ...............................box: 0.660 19.10 Lemons 4/ ...................................box: 1.62 46.90 Oranges 4/ ..................................box: 0.865 25.10 Tangerines 4/ ...............................box: 1.79 51.80 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples : Fresh 6/ ................................pound: 0.033 0.956 Processing 4/ .............................ton: 18.30 530.00 Apricots : Fresh .....................................ton: 116.00 3,360.00 Processing : Dried (California) 5/ ...................ton: 251.00 7,270.00 Excluding dried .........................ton: 37.30 1,080.00 Avocados 4/ .................................ton: 178.00 5,150.00 : Cherries : Sweet .....................................ton: 209.00 6,050.00 Tart 4/ .................................pound: 0.032 0.927 Cranberries 4/ ...........................barrel: 4.32 125.00 Dates (California) 7/ .......................ton: 147.00 4,260.00 Grapes : Raisin varieties dried (California) 5/ ....ton: 140.00 4,050.00 Wine, processing (California) .............ton: 64.90 1,880.00 Kiwifruit 4/ ................................ton: 91.40 2,650.00 Nectarines (California) : Fresh 7/ ..................................ton: 60.50 1,750.00 : Olives (California) 9/ : Processing : Crushed for oil .........................ton: 57.80 1,670.00 Excluding crushed .......................ton: 83.90 2,430.00 Canning .................................ton: 93.10 2,700.00 Papayas (Hawaii), fresh ...................pound: 0.041 1.190 Peaches : Fresh 6/ 9/ ...............................ton: 84.80 2,460.00 Processing : Dried (California) 8/ 5/ ................ton: 46.10 1,340.00 Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) 9/ ............ton: 32.60 944.00 Freestone 8/ ..........................ton: 26.00 753.00 : Pears : Fresh 6/ ..................................ton: 56.00 1,620.00 Processing 8/ : Excluding dried .........................ton: 23.60 683.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Deciduous and other fruit, continued : Plums (California) equiv on-tree : Fresh 10/ .................................ton: 60.60 1,750.00 Processing ................................ton: 11.00 319.00 Prunes, dried (California) 4/ 5/ ............ton: 154.00 4,460.00 Prunes & plums (excluding California) : Fresh 10/ .................................ton: 61.20 1,770.00 Processing 8/ .............................ton: 23.80 689.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ...............................pound: 8.900 258.00 Processing ..............................pound: 3.440 99.60 Sugar crops : Sugarbeets 4/ 12/ .........................ton: 5.26 152.00 Sugarcane 4/ 12/ ..........................ton: 3.52 102.00 : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ...................................pound: 0.227 6.57 Hazelnuts ...................................ton: 217.00 6,280.00 Pecans, all .................................ton: 340.00 9,840.00 Pistachio, all ............................pound: 0.227 6.57 Walnuts .....................................ton: 236.00 6,830.00 : Vegetables, fresh 11/ : Asparagus ...................................cwt: 11.30 327.00 Broccoli 14/ ................................cwt: 3.88 112.00 Carrots 14/ .................................cwt: 2.67 77.30 Cauliflower 14/ .............................cwt: 4.29 124.00 Celery 14/ ..................................cwt: 2.05 59.40 Honeydew melons .............................cwt: 1.96 56.80 Lettuce .....................................cwt: 2.26 65.40 Onions 14/ ..................................cwt: 1.42 41.10 Sweet corn ..................................cwt: 2.63 76.20 Tomatoes ....................................cwt: 4.14 120.00 : Vegetables, processing 8/ : Asparagus ...................................ton: 144.00 4,170.00 Green peas ..................................ton: 34.60 1,000.00 Snap beans ..................................ton: 22.60 654.00 Sweet corn ..................................ton: 10.70 310.00 Tomatoes ....................................ton: 8.13 235.00 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle .................................cwt: 11.10 321.00 Broilers ..................................pound: 0.050 1.45 Calves ......................................cwt: 16.20 469.00 Eggs ......................................dozen: 0.103 2.98 Hogs ........................................cwt: 5.70 165.00 Turkeys ...................................pound: 0.063 1.82 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2016 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Discontinued nonbasic commodities 15/ : Field crops and miscellaneous : Crude pine gum ...........................barrel: 13.900 403.00 Dry field peas ..............................cwt: 1.890 54.70 Popcorn .....................................cwt: 1.810 52.40 Tobacco : Virginia fire-cured, 21 ...................pound: 0.254 7.36 Kentucky-Tennessee fire-cured, 22-23 ......pound: 0.319 9.24 Dark air-cured, 35-36 .....................pound: 0.282 8.17 Sun-cured, 37 .............................pound: 0.235 6.81 Cigar filler & binder 42-44, 54-55 ........pound: 0.222 6.43 Puerto Rican filler, 46 ...................pound: 0.155 4.49 Tobacco, 62 16/ ...........................pound: 3.300 95.60 : Citrus (equiv on-tree) : Temples .....................................box: 0.370 10.80 : Deciduous and other fruit : Berries, processing : Blackberries ............................pound: 0.620 18.00 Black raspberries .......................pound: 0.106 3.07 Boysenberries/youngberries ..............pound: 0.088 2.55 Gooseberries ............................pound: 0.037 1.070 Loganberries ............................pound: 0.060 1.74 Red raspberries .........................pound: 0.084 2.43 Grapes, excluding raisin variety dried ....ton: 65.500 1,897.00 Nectarines, processing 17/ ................ton: 4.210 122.00 Pears, dried ..............................ton: 171.000 4,950.00 : Seed crops : Alfalfa .....................................cwt: 19.300 559.00 Bentgrass ...................................cwt: 18.900 547.00 Chewings fescue .............................cwt: 10.000 290.00 Crimson clover ..............................cwt: 8.400 243.00 Hairy vetch .................................cwt: 5.810 168.00 Ladino clover ...............................cwt: 24.700 715.00 Lespedeza ...................................cwt: 8.310 241.00 Merion Kentucky bluegrass ...................cwt: 22.000 637.00 Orchardgrass ................................cwt: 7.160 207.00 Red clover ..................................cwt: 12.000 348.00 Red fescue ..................................cwt: 10.100 292.00 Tall fescue .................................cwt: 3.670 106.00 Timothy .....................................cwt: 6.400 185.00 : Vegetables, fresh : Artichokes ..................................cwt: 4.550 132.00 Cabbage .....................................cwt: 1.380 40.00 Cantaloupes .................................cwt: 2.130 61.70 Cucumbers ...................................cwt: 2.280 66.00 Eggplant ....................................cwt: 2.410 69.80 Escarole ....................................cwt: 3.100 89.80 Garlic ......................................cwt: 2.930 84.90 Green peppers ...............................cwt: 3.600 104.00 Snap beans ..................................cwt: 4.510 131.00 Spinach .....................................cwt: 3.950 114.00 Watermelon ..................................cwt: 0.846 24.50 : Vegetables, processing : Beets .......................................ton: 7.790 226.00 Cabbage .....................................ton: 6.010 174.00 Lima beans ..................................ton: 67.000 1,940.00 Spinach .....................................ton: 14.500 420.00 : Livestock and products : Beeswax ...................................pound: 0.291 8.43 Lambs .......................................cwt: 11.700 339.00 Sheep .......................................cwt: 4.380 127.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2015 (continued) (NA) Not available. 1/ Adjusted base price 1910-1914 derived by dividing the average of 10 season average prices 2005-2014, including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations, by 967 percent (120-month, January 2005-December 2014 average of the index of prices received by farmers adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments) unless otherwise noted. 2/ Legally applicable parity prices for the following calendar month. 3/ Adjusted base price 1910-1914 derived from 120-month, January 2005- December 2014 average including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. 4/ The 2012 marketing year average prices are not yet available for these commodities. Therefore, the adjusted base prices are brought forward from 2011, except citrus items (excluding limes) and cranberries. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Prices are equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices "as sold" for other states. 7/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 8/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 9/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 10/ Based on 'as sold' prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices are average FOB shipping point. 12/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 13/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 14/ Includes some processing. 15/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for these items. Therefore, the adjusted base price is brought forward from July 1986. 16/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for this item. The adjusted base price is brought forward from 1988. 17/ Processing prices combined with fresh beginning in 2002. Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Simple average of monthly prices] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices received index, 1910-1914=100 ......percent: 730 862 947 832 850 1,032 1,083 : dollars : Basic commodities : Corn .....................................bushel: 2.28 3.39 4.78 3.75 3.83 6.02 6.67 Cotton, Upland ............................pound: 0.475 0.500 0.608 0.492 0.710 0.880 0.795 All wheat ................................bushel: 4.03 5.76 8.02 5.30 5.12 7.44 7.60 Peanuts ...................................pound: 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.21 0.25 0.34 Rice ........................................cwt: 8.73 10.50 16.20 15.20 13.20 13.70 14.50 Small chickpeas .............................cwt: 15.50 15.70 26.70 19.90 22.80 23.40 30.50 Large chickpeas .............................cwt: 27.80 28.40 35.30 31.10 28.50 39.20 41.20 Lentils .....................................cwt: 10.50 17.20 32.40 29.10 26.60 27.50 21.80 : Designated nonbasic commodities : All milk ....................................cwt: 12.90 19.10 18.30 12.80 16.30 20.10 18.50 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley .............................bushel: 2.72 3.59 5.00 4.83 4.00 4.79 5.98 All dry beans .............................cwt: 19.50 25.60 34.30 31.00 27.90 34.60 42.40 Flaxseed ...............................bushel: 5.50 8.73 15.40 8.60 10.20 14.20 13.60 All hay, baled ............................ton: 105.00 124.00 148.00 117.00 110.00 159.00 184.00 Oats ...................................bushel: 1.82 2.44 3.29 2.30 2.37 3.42 3.80 Sorghum ...................................cwt: 4.34 6.27 8.12 5.59 6.50 10.70 11.10 Soybeans ...............................bushel: 5.65 7.74 11.30 10.10 9.97 12.50 14.00 All sunflower .............................cwt: 12.00 17.00 25.30 18.70 16.80 29.10 27.80 : Fruit : Apples, fresh 2/ ........................pound: 0.270 0.325 0.394 0.233 0.262 0.325 0.411 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle ...............................cwt: 87.10 90.00 89.20 80.40 92.00 113.00 122.00 Broilers ................................pound: 0.361 0.439 0.466 0.453 0.492 0.459 0.511 Calves ....................................cwt: 133.00 122.00 114.00 108.00 121.00 142.00 173.00 Eggs ....................................dozen: 0.590 0.929 1.060 0.823 0.857 0.968 0.998 All hogs ..................................cwt: 46.30 46.70 47.70 42.00 55.10 66.50 64.20 Turkeys .................................pound: 0.476 0.520 0.564 0.499 0.612 0.680 0.719 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Simple average of monthly prices] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2006-2015 Average : : : :2005-2014:--------------------- Commodity and unit : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : Average : As :For parity : : : : :computed :purposes 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices received index, 1910-1914=100 ......percent: 1,104 1,112 1,016 928 957 993 : dollars : Basic commodities : Corn .....................................bushel: 6.15 4.11 3.71 4.29 4.47 4.47 Cotton, Upland ............................pound: 0.772 0.749 0.615 0.641 0.660 0.660 All wheat ................................bushel: 7.32 6.33 5.28 6.03 6.22 6.22 Peanuts ...................................pound: 0.27 0.23 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.23 Rice ........................................cwt: 15.70 15.60 12.50 13.00 13.60 13.60 Small chickpeas .............................cwt: 25.50 21.60 21.70 21.30 22.30 22.30 Large chickpeas .............................cwt: 34.90 28.80 29.30 32.20 32.50 32.50 Lentils .....................................cwt: 21.10 21.10 28.50 22.00 23.60 23.60 : Designated nonbasic commodities : All milk ....................................cwt: 20.10 24.00 17.10 17.70 17.90 17.90 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley .............................bushel: 6.26 5.65 5.25 4.53 4.81 4.81 All dry beans .............................cwt: 38.40 35.80 29.80 31.40 31.90 31.90 Flaxseed ...............................bushel: 14.30 13.20 10.60 11.30 11.40 11.40 All hay, baled ............................ton:183.00 178.00 153.00 140.00 146.00 146.00 Oats ...................................bushel: 3.92 3.54 2.54 2.85 2.94 2.94 Sorghum ...................................cwt: 9.97 7.41 7.28 7.32 7.73 7.73 Soybeans ...............................bushel: 14.10 12.50 9.49 10.40 10.70 10.70 All sunflower .............................cwt: 23.50 21.60 22.50 20.60 21.40 21.40 : Fruit : Apples, fresh 2/ ........................pound: 0.408 0.378 0.315 0.318 0.332 0.332 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle ...............................cwt:125.00 153.00 148.00 104.00 110.00 110.00 Broilers ................................pound: 0.604 0.638 0.529 0.485 0.495 0.495 Calves ....................................cwt:174.00 255.00 263.00 148.00 161.00 161.00 Eggs ....................................dozen: 1.090 1.260 1.650 0.912 1.020 1.020 All hogs ..................................cwt: 67.20 77.10 53.50 56.20 56.60 56.60 Turkeys .................................pound: 0.665 0.732 0.811 0.591 0.628 0.628 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes an allowance for price support operations as authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture, January 30, 1956. This entry is omitted for commodities not affected by the adjustment. 2/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (applies only starting in 1985), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Prices "as sold" for other states. Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic Commodities : Cotton, American Pima ......pound: 0.943 0.988 0.990 1.170 1.790 1.450 Tobacco : Flue-cured 11-14 .........pound: 1.496 1.527 1.757 1.754 1.690 1.682 Fire-cured 21-23 .........pound: 2.392 2.401 2.460 2.468 2.467 2.557 Burley 31 ................pound: 1.638 1.601 1.669 1.709 1.549 1.751 Maryland 32 ..............pound: 1.500 (D) (D) 1.600 1.550 1.550 Dark air-cured 35-37 .....pound: 2.200 2.197 2.246 2.242 2.242 2.278 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 pound: 1.550 1.650 1.700 1.700 1.750 1.700 Cigar binder, 51 .........pound: 6.586 6.472 5.805 5.039 5.245 6.200 Cigar wrapper, 61 ........pound:21.700 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Designated nonbasic commodities : Honey ......................pound: 1.005 1.077 1.421 1.473 1.619 1.765 : Wool and mohair 1/ : Wool .....................pound: 0.680 0.870 0.980 0.790 1.150 1.670 Mohair ...................pound: 3.59 3.64 3.31 2.65 3.49 4.16 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : Canola .....................cwt: 11.90 18.30 18.70 16.20 19.30 24.00 Cottonseed .................ton:111.00 162.00 223.00 158.00 161.00 260.00 Hops .....................pound: 2.05 2.99 4.03 3.57 3.28 3.14 Mustard seed ...............cwt: 13.70 28.00 43.80 30.40 25.90 33.60 Peppermint oil ...........pound: 12.70 13.60 15.90 20.10 20.30 23.10 Potatoes ...................cwt: 7.31 7.51 9.09 8.25 9.20 9.41 Rapeseed ...................cwt: 14.90 17.70 25.30 26.30 23.40 27.00 Rye .....................bushel: 3.32 5.01 6.35 5.06 5.18 7.81 Safflower ..................cwt: 13.50 18.60 24.80 17.10 17.20 24.40 Spearmint oil ............pound: 11.30 12.60 14.90 16.50 16.20 18.60 Sweet potatoes .............cwt: 18.20 18.30 21.20 21.80 19.80 18.80 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :--------------------- : : : : :2005-2014 :2006-2015 Commodity and unit : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : Period : Period ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic Commodities : Cotton, American Pima ......pound: 1.240 1.720 1.550 1.326 1.310 1.320 Tobacco : Flue-cured 11-14 .........pound: 1.983 2.115 2.026 1.881 1.750 1.790 Fire-cured 21-23 .........pound: 2.578 2.625 2.673 2.698 2.500 2.530 Burley 31 ................pound: 1.968 2.061 1.942 1.946 1.750 1.780 Maryland 32 ..............pound: (D) 1.900 1.950 1.900 1.650 1.700 Dark air-cured 35-37 .....pound: 2.287 2.352 2.380 2.392 2.260 2.280 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 pound: 1.950 2.100 2.100 2.100 1.770 1.830 Cigar binder, 51 .........pound: 6.538 (D) (D) (D) 6.110 6.250 Cigar wrapper, 61 ........pound: (D) (D) (D) (D) 24.500 24.100 : Designated nonbasic commodities : Honey ......................pound: 1.992 2.161 2.141 (NA) 1.450 (NA) : Wool and mohair 1/ : Wool .....................pound: 1.520 1.450 1.460 1.450 1.130 1.200 Mohair ...................pound: 3.89 4.23 4.85 5.30 3.65 3.91 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : Canola .....................cwt: 26.50 20.60 16.90 15.50 18.20 18.80 Cottonseed .................ton:252.00 246.00 194.00 227.00 186.00 199.00 Hops .....................pound: 3.17 3.35 3.67 4.38 3.12 3.36 Mustard seed ...............cwt: 35.80 37.20 34.80 31.80 29.70 31.50 Peppermint oil ...........pound: 24.10 23.90 23.00 21.80 18.90 19.90 Potatoes ...................cwt: 8.63 9.75 8.88 (NA) 8.18 (NA) Rapeseed ...................cwt: 26.10 25.10 34.90 43.20 23.50 26.40 Rye .....................bushel: 7.69 7.95 7.74 6.52 5.94 6.26 Safflower ..................cwt: 27.60 27.90 25.00 24.50 20.90 22.10 Spearmint oil ............pound: 19.50 18.90 19.80 20.30 15.90 16.90 Sweet potatoes .............cwt: 17.40 24.10 23.90 23.10 20.20 20.70 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Fruit, citrus (equivalent on-tree) 2/ : Grapefruit ..........................box: 8.74 5.19 4.80 4.37 6.76 7.09 Lemons ..............................box: 10.59 15.98 26.59 8.32 11.29 10.93 Oranges .............................box: 6.11 9.84 6.74 6.62 7.67 8.31 Tangerines ..........................box: 10.64 14.81 14.25 14.77 14.70 17.74 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples 3/ : Processing ........................ton: 129.00 190.00 198.00 132.00 187.00 226.00 Apricots : Fresh 4/ ..........................ton:1,450.00 829.00 918.00 1,150.00 1,350.00 1,050.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:2,600.00 1,510.00 2,360.00 2,970.00 2,860.00 2,720.00 Excluding dried .................ton: 314.00 325.00 350.00 371.00 368.00 357.00 Avocados ............................ton:1,800.00 1,770.00 1,850.00 1,440.00 2,750.00 1,540.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton:1,620.00 1,820.00 2,390.00 1,330.00 2,330.00 2,530.00 Tart ............................pound: 0.215 0.273 0.377 0.192 0.222 0.300 Cranberries ......................barrel: 41.10 50.70 58.10 44.20 43.90 44.80 Dates (California) ..................ton:2,140.00 2,290.00 1,260.00 1,180.00 1,270.00 1,320.00 Grapes : Raisin varieties : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:1,070.00 1,040.00 1,130.00 1,130.00 1,510.00 1,660.00 Wine, processing (California) .....ton: 583.00 565.00 610.00 612.00 574.00 637.00 Kiwifruit 6/ ........................ton: 911.00 950.00 888.00 847.00 768.00 775.00 Nectarines : Fresh 6/ 7/ .......................ton: 522.00 340.00 367.00 631.00 553.00 582.00 Olives (California) : Processing 8/ : Crushed for oil .................ton: 405.00 775.00 670.00 540.00 532.00 556.00 Excluding crushed ...............ton: 855.00 643.00 705.00 814.00 692.00 987.00 Canning 8/ ........................ton: 926.00 700.00 767.00 855.00 862.00 1,060.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2005-2014:2006-2015 Commodity and unit : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : Period : Period -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Fruit, citrus (equivalent on-tree) 2/ : Grapefruit ..........................box: 7.65 6.51 7.25 7.16 7.10 6.55 Lemons ..............................box: 15.13 12.05 25.40 25.09 14.40 16.10 Oranges .............................box: 10.14 8.27 11.64 10.53 7.98 8.59 Tangerines ..........................box: 19.16 22.45 27.96 21.73 16.90 17.80 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples 3/ : Processing ........................ton: 281.00 197.00 177.00 (NA) 182.00 (NA) Apricots : Fresh 4/ ..........................ton:1,140.00 1,190.00 1,360.00 (NA) 1,080.00 (NA) Processing 3/ : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:2,470.00 2,980.00 2,410.00 (NA) 2,450.00 (NA) Excluding dried .................ton: 411.00 451.00 488.00 (NA) 349.00 (NA) Avocados ............................ton:1,675.00 (NA) 1,780.00 (NA) 1,770.00 (NA) Cherries : Sweet .............................ton:2,020.00 2,610.00 2,140.00 (NA) 2,020.00 (NA) Tart ............................pound: 0.594 0.359 0.355 (NA) 0.310 (NA) Cranberries ......................barrel: 47.90 32.40 30.90 (NA) 43.10 (NA) Dates (California) ..................ton:1,340.00 1,220.00 1,190.00 (NA) 1,480.00 (NA) Grapes : Raisin varieties : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:1,880.00 1,630.00 1,820.00 (NA) 1,330.00 (NA) Wine, processing (California) .....ton: 773.00 753.00 753.00 (NA) 562.00 (NA) Kiwifruit 6/ ........................ton:1,020.00 1,110.00 1,190.00 (NA) 908.00 (NA) Nectarines : Fresh 6/ ..........................ton: 767.00 837.00 906.00 (NA) 545.00 (NA) Olives (California) : Processing 8/ : Crushed for oil .................ton: 550.00 582.00 608.00 (NA) 550.00 (NA) Excluding crushed ...............ton:1,040.00 1,000.00 1,030.00 (NA) 789.00 (NA) Canning 8/ ........................ton:1,110.00 1,110.00 1,180.00 (NA) 876.00 (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Papayas, fresh (Hawaii) .............pound: 0.413 0.417 0.455 0.467 0.380 0.350 : Peaches : Fresh 4/ ............................ton: 779.00 706.00 684.00 811.00 788.00 825.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) ................ton: 802.00 530.00 452.00 359.00 278.00 411.00 Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) .........ton: 292.00 304.00 347.00 338.00 325.00 303.00 Freestone .......................ton: 240.00 235.00 239.00 263.00 257.00 261.00 : Pears : Fresh 9/ ............................ton: 528.00 534.00 589.00 458.00 599.00 451.00 Processing 3/ : Excluding dried ...................ton: 199.00 214.00 227.00 224.00 243.00 237.00 : Plums (California) : Fresh ...............................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Processing ..........................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Prunes, dried (California) 3/ .........ton:1,390.00 1,450.00 1,500.00 1,230.00 1,350.00 1,310.00 : Prunes & plums, excluding California : Fresh 4/ ............................ton: 639.00 622.00 547.00 472.00 551.00 482.00 Processing 3/ .......................ton: 267.00 213.00 171.00 149.00 193.00 235.00 : Strawberries : Fresh 10/ 11/ .....................pound: 0.722 0.821 0.841 0.861 0.908 0.940 Processing ..........................ton: 28.400 27.700 36.000 30.900 29.200 34.800 : Sugar crops 12/ : Sugarbeets ..........................ton: 44.20 42.00 48.10 51.50 66.90 69.40 Sugarcane for sugar .................ton: 30.40 29.40 29.50 34.80 41.70 47.20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2005-2014:2006-2015 Commodity and unit : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : Period : Period ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Papayas, fresh (Hawaii) .............pound: (NA) 0.360 0.490 (NA) 0.392 (NA) : Peaches : Fresh 4/ ............................ton: 967.00 956.00 1,190.00 (NA) 778.00 (NA) Processing 3/ : Dried (California) ................ton: 327.00 419.00 493.00 (NA) 446.00 (NA) Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) .........ton: 348.00 364.00 369.00 (NA) 314.00 (NA) Freestone .......................ton: 254.00 288.00 357.00 (NA) 241.00 (NA) : Pears : Fresh 9/ ............................ton: 656.00 599.00 684.00 (NA) 531.00 (NA) Processing 3/ : Excluding dried ...................ton: 238.00 276.00 287.00 (NA) 458.00 (NA) : Plums (California) : Fresh ...............................ton: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Processing ..........................ton: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) : Prunes, dried (California) 3/ .........ton:1,330.00 2,000.00 2,470.00 (NA) 1,450.00 (NA) : Prunes & plums, excluding California : Fresh 4/ ............................ton: 739.00 608.00 656.00 (NA) 589.00 (NA) Processing 3/ .......................ton: 228.00 345.00 301.00 (NA) 229.00 (NA) : Strawberries : Fresh 10/ 11/ .....................pound: 0.918 0.965 1.050 0.790 0.874 0.884 Processing ..........................ton: 33.400 34.900 42.600 44.000 32.700 34.200 : Sugar crops 12/ : Sugarbeets ..........................ton: 66.40 46.60 46.00 (NA) 51.60 (NA) Sugarcane for sugar .................ton: 41.90 31.40 34.70 (NA) 34.30 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ....................pound: 2.06 1.75 1.45 1.65 1.79 1.99 Hazelnuts ....................ton:1,080.00 2,040.00 1,620.00 1,690.00 2,410.00 2,330.00 Pecans, all ................pound: 1.560 1.120 1.340 1.430 2.300 2.430 Pistachio, all .............pound: 1.89 1.41 2.05 1.67 2.22 1.98 Walnuts ......................ton:1,630.00 2,290.00 1,280.00 1,710.00 2,040.00 2,900.00 : Mushrooms, all ...............pound: 1.05 1.16 1.18 1.17 1.17 1.18 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Asparagus ....................cwt: 88.90 98.90 103.00 108.00 122.00 122.00 Broccoli .....................cwt: 33.70 36.70 36.20 39.80 37.60 35.40 Carrots ......................cwt: 20.60 22.10 24.50 25.20 26.60 32.50 Cauliflower ..................cwt: 32.30 34.40 40.70 44.30 41.80 46.80 Celery 14/ ...................cwt: 18.40 20.80 18.70 20.40 18.90 20.00 Honeydew melons ..............cwt: 18.20 17.70 17.80 15.60 15.50 22.10 Lettuce ......................cwt: 16.90 21.70 20.10 22.40 21.10 23.00 Onions 14/ ...................cwt: 16.10 11.10 11.90 15.00 15.60 10.90 Sweet corn ...................cwt: 23.00 22.70 26.00 29.50 25.90 26.70 Tomatoes .....................cwt: 43.70 34.80 45.30 40.40 48.20 36.10 : Vegetables, processing 3/ : Asparagus ....................ton:1,150.00 1,260.00 1,360.00 1,330.00 1,360.00 1,510.00 Green peas ...................ton: 247.00 259.00 360.00 319.00 287.00 416.00 Snap beans ...................ton: 157.00 168.00 219.00 191.00 192.00 235.00 Sweet corn ...................ton: 66.80 81.80 120.00 104.00 85.30 116.00 Tomatoes .....................ton: 66.40 71.20 79.80 87.20 72.50 75.60 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2006-2015 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2015 and 2006-2015 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2005-2014:2006-2015 Commodity and unit : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : Period : Period ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ....................pound: 2.58 3.21 3.19 (NA) 2.15 (NA) Hazelnuts ....................ton:1,830.00 2,680.00 3,600.00 (NA) 1,940.00 (NA) Pecans, all ................pound: 1.570 1.730 1.960 (NA) 1.670 (NA) Pistachio, all .............pound: 2.61 3.48 3.10 (NA) 2.07 (NA) Walnuts ......................ton:3,030.00 3,710.00 3,230.00 (NA) 2,340.00 (NA) : Mushrooms, all ...............pound: 1.22 1.24 1.24 1.29 1.17 1.19 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Asparagus ....................cwt: 117.00 131.00 106.00 119.00 108.00 112.00 Broccoli .....................cwt: 33.80 43.20 40.70 48.10 36.60 38.50 Carrots ......................cwt: 26.60 28.60 27.10 31.40 25.40 26.50 Cauliflower ..................cwt: 35.90 44.50 50.10 55.40 40.30 42.60 Celery 14/ ...................cwt: 18.40 25.80 17.20 25.60 19.20 20.40 Honeydew melons ..............cwt: 20.70 20.90 23.70 22.70 19.10 19.50 Lettuce ......................cwt: 17.70 26.70 24.40 29.00 21.00 22.40 Onions 14/ ...................cwt: 14.20 15.00 13.60 17.60 13.60 14.10 Sweet corn ...................cwt: 26.30 28.20 28.70 24.00 25.90 26.10 Tomatoes .....................cwt: 30.50 44.60 41.50 46.00 40.70 41.10 : Vegetables, processing 3/ : Asparagus ....................ton:1,570.00 1,570.00 1,530.00 1,650.00 1,370.00 1,430.00 Green peas ...................ton: 434.00 427.00 367.00 320.00 339.00 344.00 Snap beans ...................ton: 271.00 320.00 250.00 233.00 214.00 224.00 Sweet corn ...................ton: 127.00 140.00 113.00 103.00 102.00 106.00 Tomatoes .....................ton: 76.70 90.10 99.30 97.00 77.10 80.70 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Average local market price; does not include incentive payment per pound, the 2005-2014 and 2006-2015 averages for parity purposes include this allowance. 2/ Consistent with legislation quoted in this report, citrus prices shown for 2015 relate to the citrus crop designated as 2014-2015 in the production reports. 3/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 4/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. Includes some processing beginning in 2002. 7/ Processed estimates discontinued in 2009. 8/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 9/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (applies only starting in 1985), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Prices "as sold" for other states. 10/ Average F.O.B. shipping point prices. 11/ Includes strawberries for processing in states where the processing crop is not estimated separately. 12/ Prices include average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 13/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 14/ Includes some processing. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implement to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: update the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011, link the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011, create index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers, re-classify agricultural commodities into the index groups, expand the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non- citrus, and tree nuts, update monthly market weights, and adjust (normalization) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. See Price Program Quick Stats Links at end of this report for program change details. January Prices Paid by Farmers The January Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 107.0, is up 1.0 percent from December 2015 but is down 4.0 percent from January 2015. Production: The January index, at 105.9, is up 1.0 percent from December but is 6.0 percent lower than last year. Higher prices for other services, feeder pigs, and feeder cattle more than offset lower prices for nitrogen, milk cows, diesel, and hay & forages. Feed: At 97.2, the January index decreased 1.4 percent from December and is down 11 percent from last January. Since December, prices are lower for hay & forages, complete feeds, concentrates, supplements, and feed grains. Livestock and poultry: The January index, at 119.5, increased 3.1 percent from December but is down 25 percent from last year. Since December, higher prices for feeder pigs and feeder cattle more than offset lower prices for milk cows. The January feeder cattle price, at $164.00 per cwt, is up $3.00 per cwt from the December price. January feeder pigs averaged $167.00 per cwt, up $41.00 per cwt from December. Fertilizer: The index for January, at 82.8, is down 3.9 percent from December and 8.2 percent below January a year ago. Since December, prices are lower for nitrogen, mixed fertilizer, and potash & phosphate. Chemicals: The January index, at 106.8, is up 0.6 percent from December and up 7.6 percent from last January. Compared with last month, prices are higher for herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides & other. Fuels: At 50.1, the January index is down 7.6 percent from December and 25 percent below January 2015. Compared with December, prices are lower for diesel, LP gas, and gasoline. Machinery: The index for January, at 116.4, is unchanged from December but is 1.8 percent above last January. Consumer Price Index: The January 2016 Consumer Price Index, as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for all urban consumers (CPI-U) increased 1.4 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 236.916 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index increased 0.2 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : January : December : January : January : December : January Ratios : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3016 2865 2896 111.5 105.9 107.0 Production ....................: 2346 2181 2205 112.7 104.8 105.9 Feed ........................: 1206 1087 1071 109.4 98.6 97.2 Livestock and poultry .......: 3167 2288 2360 160.4 115.9 119.5 Seeds .......................: 3746 3755 3755 114.0 114.3 114.3 Fertilizer ..................: 1086 1038 996 90.2 86.2 82.8 Chemicals ...................: 892 954 959 99.3 106.2 106.8 Fuels .......................: 1870 1517 1402 66.8 54.2 50.1 Supplies and repairs ........: 1255 1243 1242 106.4 105.4 105.3 : Autos and trucks ............: 3224 3242 3255 104.9 105.5 105.9 Machinery ...................: 6986 7116 7116 114.3 116.4 116.4 Building materials ..........: 2503 2487 2487 107.6 106.9 106.9 Services and rent ...........: 2472 2463 2517 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 113.6 112.9 116.2 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 120.8 120.8 122.0 : Interest 1/ ...................: 3643 3643 3846 99.9 99.9 105.5 Taxes 2/ ......................: 7335 7335 7623 123.6 123.6 128.4 Wage rates ....................: 8018 8204 8204 112.0 114.6 114.6 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2220 2247 2251 103.9 105.2 105.3 : Production, interest, taxes, ....: and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3177 2989 3025 112.7 106.0 107.3 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 87 85 83 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 33 32 32 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 34 33 33 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1461 1452 1429 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 107.9 106.5 107.3 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 115.3 105.2 106.7 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 125.0 106.3 107.9 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 105.0 103.8 104.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.026 for 2016 and the revised factor is 1.026 for 2015. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : : January :December : January : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 74.6 75.6 112.7 104.8 105.9 : Feed ......................: 15.5 14.5 109.4 98.6 97.2 Feed grains .............: 2.2 2.1 65.8 61.6 61.2 Complete feeds ..........: 7.6 7.1 119.0 108.5 107.7 Hay and forages .........: 1.9 1.8 98.9 94.1 90.5 Concentrates ............: 2.5 2.3 122.2 95.8 93.8 Supplements .............: 1.3 1.2 119.6 116.1 114.2 Livestock and poultry .....: 8.3 10.5 160.4 115.9 119.5 Feeder cattle ...........: 6.4 8.2 168.9 117.2 120.0 Feeder pigs .............: 0.7 0.8 142.9 90.0 119.3 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.9 140.1 139.4 128.9 Poultry .................: 0.5 0.6 102.0 102.0 102.0 : Seeds .....................: 5.0 5.0 114.0 114.3 114.3 Field crops .............: 4.5 4.5 113.1 113.7 113.7 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 122.5 119.9 119.9 Fertilizer ................: 6.4 6.2 90.2 86.2 82.8 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.8 2.7 86.1 83.9 82.6 Nitrogen ................: 2.7 2.6 96.1 91.1 84.9 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.9 0.9 85.5 78.7 76.7 Chemicals .................: 3.2 3.2 99.3 106.2 106.8 Herbicides ..............: 2.0 2.0 99.6 106.6 107.2 Insecticides ............: 0.7 0.7 100.4 106.9 107.5 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 96.1 103.3 103.9 : Fuels .....................: 4.0 3.7 66.8 54.2 50.1 Diesel ..................: 2.5 2.3 68.7 52.2 48.4 Gasoline ................: 0.8 0.8 61.2 57.4 55.1 LP gas ..................: 0.7 0.6 66.8 57.9 50.2 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.3 4.2 106.4 105.4 105.3 Supplies ................: 1.4 1.4 106.3 105.8 106.1 Repairs .................: 2.9 2.8 106.4 105.2 104.9 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.1 1.2 104.9 105.5 105.9 Autos ...................: 0.1 0.2 101.5 101.0 101.5 Trucks ..................: 1.0 1.0 105.4 106.2 106.6 : Machinery .................: 5.2 5.5 114.3 116.4 116.4 Tractors ................: 1.1 1.2 107.8 110.4 110.4 Self-propelled ..........: 2.1 2.2 117.6 121.4 120.9 Other machinery .........: 2.0 2.1 114.6 114.7 115.2 Building materials ........: 3.7 3.7 107.6 106.9 106.9 Services ..................: 10.8 10.8 113.6 112.9 116.2 Custom rates ............: 1.1 1.1 111.8 111.8 111.8 Other services ..........: 9.7 9.7 113.8 113.0 116.7 Rent ......................: 7.1 7.1 120.8 120.8 122.0 Cash ....................: 3.8 3.8 128.5 128.5 129.0 Share ...................: 3.3 3.3 111.8 111.8 114.0 : Interest ....................: 2.3 2.2 99.9 99.9 105.5 Taxes .......................: 2.8 2.8 123.6 123.6 128.4 Wage rates ..................: 6.4 6.2 112.0 114.6 114.6 Family living-CPI ...........: 13.9 13.2 103.9 105.2 105.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ : January 2015 :December 2015 : January 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.4 4.7 5.2 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 11.4 12.2 11.3 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 15.0 11.7 11.9 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.11 2.27 2.14 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 43.5 33.7 36.1 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 6.3 9.8 8.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2015 :December 2015 : January 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.600 0.470 0.510 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 1.07 1.04 0.968 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 57.40 42.80 43.60 Milk, all .......................cwt: 17.60 17.20 16.10 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 166.00 123.00 132.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.662 0.886 0.789 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.82 3.65 3.66 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 170.00 150.00 147.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 10.30 8.76 8.71 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 6.15 4.71 4.82 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: January 2016 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2015 :December 2015 : January 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 231.00 161.00 164.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 200.00 126.00 167.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Information Contacts General Troy Joshua, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section............................................................. (202) 720-2127 Angie Considine - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum..................................................... (202) 720-5944 Tony Dahlman - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 720-7621 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Scott Matthews - Barley, Crop Weather.................................................................. (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Peanuts, Rice......................................................................... (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson -Sunflower, Canola, Safflower, Rapeseed, Mustard Seed................................... (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section.................................. (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.................................. (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Citrus, Coffee, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits.......................................... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ......................................... (202) 720-4285 Dave Losh - Hops ...................................................................................... (360) 709-2400 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ....................................................................... (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ............................... (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...................................... (202) 720-4288 Livestock Prices Received Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 720-3570 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs............................................................................ (202) 720-3106 Dave Colwell - Sheep and Goats......................................................................... (202) 720-8784 Michael Klamm - Cattle and Cattle on Feed.............................................................. (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Bruce Boess, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................. (202) 720-3570 Heidi Gleich - Broilers................................................................................ (202) 720-0585 Kim Linonis - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-8632 Sammy Neal - Turkeys................................................................................... (202) 720-3244 Josh O'Rear - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Troy Joshua, Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch..................................... (202) 720-6146 Tony Dorn, Head, Economics Section....................................................................... (202) 690-3223 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 720-8844 Courtney Charles - Prices Paid, Prices Paid Indexes.................................................... (202) 690-3229 Greg Gholson - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-1348 Joe Hagedorn - Cash Rents, Grazing Fees (202) 690-3231 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df