Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released March 31, 2022, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). February Prices Received Index Up 7.4 Percent The February Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 119.7, increased 7.4 percent from January and 26 percent from February 2021. At 114.1, the Crop Production Index was up 9.3 percent from last month and 17 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 126.0, increased 1.4 percent from January, and 35 percent from February last year. Producers received higher prices during February for soybeans, corn, hogs, and oranges but lower prices for broilers, broccoli, market eggs, and strawberries. In addition to prices, the volume change of commodities marketed also influences the indexes. In February, there was increased monthly movement for cattle, milk, broilers, and greenhouse & nursery and decreased marketing of soybeans, corn, tobacco, and wheat. February Prices Paid Index Up 1.5 Percent The February Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 126.2, is up 1.5 percent from January 2022 and 12 percent from February 2021. In February, prices were higher for feeder pigs, nitrogen, complete feeds, and feed grains. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : February : January : February Index Group : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 95.3 111.5 119.7 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 112.2 124.3 126.2 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 85 90 95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers.................................................................................... 3 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons............................ 4 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons....................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2021 and 2022................ 4 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2021 and 2022.................... 5 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................... 6 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................. 7 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2022 with Comparisons............. 8 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2022 with Comparisons.................. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons...................... 9 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons................... 9 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................... 10 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons................... 10 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons........................... 10 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons..................... 11 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons................. 11 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................... 11 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons........................... 12 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................. 12 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons....................... 13 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons...................... 13 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons......................... 14 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons....................... 14 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons............. 14 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons........................................................................................... 15 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons..... 15 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.................... 16 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: February 2022................. 16 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2021............................... 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: January 2022................................ 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2022............................... 17 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons....................... 18 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2022 with Comparisons....................... 18 Parity Price Overview......................................................................................... 19 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.. 20 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons....................................... 21 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates...................................................................... 23 Prices Paid by Farmers........................................................................................ 24 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons................. 25 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons............................................................................. 26 Feed Price Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons............................................. 27 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons........... 27 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons.............................. 27 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates.......................................................................... 28 Information Contacts.......................................................................................... 29 February Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The February index, at 114.1, is 9.3 percent higher than January and 17 percent higher than February 2021. The grain & oilseed and other crop index increases more than offset the vegetable & melon and fruit & tree nut index decreases. Grain and oilseed: The February index, at 110.0, is up 11 percent from January and 24 percent from February 2021. Feed grain: The February index, at 101.9, increased 9.6 percent from last month and 27 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $6.10 per bushel, is up 53 cents from last month and $1.35 from February 2021. Food grain: At 120.4, the index for February increased 4.8 percent from the previous month and 35 percent from a year ago. The February price for all wheat, at $9.17 per bushel, is 69 cents higher than January and $3.34 higher than February 2021. The February price for rice, at $15.60 per cwt, is unchanged from January but $1.20 higher than February 2021. Oilseed: At 118.4, the index for February increased 14 percent from January and 18 percent from February 2021. The soybean price, at $14.80 per bushel, is $1.90 higher than January and $2.10 higher than February a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The February index, at 133.6, is down 0.2 percent from January but up 5.2 percent from a year earlier. Price decreases during February for strawberries, lemons, and grapefruit more than offset price increases for oranges, apples, and pears. Vegetable and melon: At 128.3, the index for February decreased 0.6 percent from the previous month but increased 34 percent from February 2021. Price decreases during February for broccoli, cauliflower, celery, and tomatoes more than offset price increases in onions, carrots, lettuce, and potatoes. Other crop: The February index, at 108.3, is up 1.3 percent from the previous month and 22 percent from February 2021. The all hay price, at $187.00 per ton, is $5.00 higher than January and $29.00 higher than February 2021. At 99.7 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 3.8 cents higher than January and 26.9 cents higher than February 2021. Livestock production: The index for February, at 126.0, increased 1.4 percent from the previous month and 35 percent from February a year earlier. Meat animal and dairy index increases offset the lower poultry and egg index. Meat animal: At 116.2, the February index increased 4.6 percent from the previous month and 22 percent from a year earlier. At $68.60 per cwt, the February hog price is $9.80 higher than January and $12.20 higher than a year earlier. The February beef cattle price of $137.00 per cwt is $2.00 higher than the previous month and $25.00 higher than February 2021. Dairy: The index for February, at 122.9, is up 2.1 percent from the previous month and 44 percent from February a year ago. The February all milk price of $24.70 per cwt is 50 cents higher than January and $7.60 higher than February 2021. Poultry and egg: At 154.3, the February index decreased 3.8 percent from January but increased 57 percent from February 2021. The February market egg price, at $1.21 per dozen, is 5.0 cents lower than January but 47.5 cents higher than February 2021. The February broiler price, at 74.7 cents per pound, is 4.3 cents lower than January but 30.9 cents higher than a year ago. At 89.8 cents per pound, the February turkey price is 3.1 cents higher than the previous month and 16.1 cents higher than February 2021. Food Commodities: The index, at 125.4, increased 5.6 percent from the previous month and 29 percent from February 2021. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : February : January : February Index Group : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 95.3 111.5 119.7 Crop production ..............: 97.2 104.4 114.1 Grain and oilseed ..........: 88.4 99.0 110.0 Feed grain ...............: 80.0 93.0 101.9 Food grain ...............: 88.9 114.9 120.4 Oilseed ..................: 100.2 103.7 118.4 Fruit and tree nut .........: 127.0 133.9 133.6 Vegetable and melon ........: 95.8 129.1 128.3 Other crop .................: 88.7 106.9 108.3 : Livestock production .........: 93.6 124.2 126.0 Meat animal ................: 95.3 111.1 116.2 Cattle ...................: 98.7 118.5 120.4 Hog ......................: 84.8 88.4 103.2 Dairy ......................: 85.1 120.4 122.9 Poultry and egg ............: 98.6 160.4 154.3 : Food commodity .................: 97.5 118.7 125.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : February : January : February Index Group : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 984 1150 1236 Crop production ..............: 848 910 995 Livestock production .........: 1087 1442 1463 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 89.7 111.5 88.4 104.4 91.8 124.2 94.4 118.7 February ......: 95.3 119.7 97.2 114.1 93.6 126.0 97.5 125.4 March .........: 97.9 98.4 97.4 100.4 April .........: 104.5 105.1 104.0 107.2 May ...........: 106.4 105.8 106.9 108.0 June ..........: 107.5 107.2 107.7 109.0 July ..........: 107.0 106.8 107.2 108.0 August ........: 109.5 109.9 109.0 110.8 September .....: 108.7 108.4 109.0 111.4 October .......: 106.8 106.0 108.1 111.7 November ......: 108.7 107.3 110.6 114.8 December ......: 112.5 105.9 120.2 118.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 111.3 124.3 106.1 121.3 111.7 124.2 110.8 124.3 February ......: 112.2 126.2 107.2 123.9 112.0 125.5 112.4 126.9 March .........: 113.1 108.3 112.7 113.5 April .........: 114.0 109.6 113.3 114.8 May ...........: 114.8 110.4 114.1 115.5 June ..........: 116.1 112.0 115.5 116.7 July ..........: 117.3 113.0 116.7 117.9 August ........: 117.8 113.6 117.2 118.4 September .....: 118.1 113.9 118.0 118.1 October .......: 119.3 115.5 119.6 119.1 November ......: 120.4 116.8 120.7 120.0 December ......: 121.8 118.6 121.8 121.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Price data source for non-citrus fruit commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :February 2021 : January 2022 :February 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.97 5.59 5.43 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.50 5.76 6.07 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 5.02 5.54 5.33 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 33.70 43.20 43.80 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 20.40 33.70 37.00 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 22.50 34.50 32.10 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 23.50 34.70 31.90 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 19.30 25.60 35.80 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 4.75 5.57 6.10 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.728 0.959 0.997 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 185.00 241.00 255.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 13.20 31.00 31.10 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 158.00 182.00 187.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 171.00 211.00 214.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 139.00 144.00 146.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 19.50 39.40 43.80 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 3.11 5.68 5.93 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.205 0.261 0.245 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.90 13.60 15.30 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 14.40 15.60 15.60 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 12.50 13.50 13.70 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 19.90 20.80 23.60 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 11.10 10.80 11.90 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 12.70 12.90 14.80 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 21.40 31.00 32.10 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 5.83 8.48 9.17 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 5.96 7.69 8.52 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 6.37 14.90 15.90 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.62 8.53 9.16 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 5.72 7.47 8.33 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 6.53 7.10 7.82 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.60 8.54 9.17 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 6.21 8.65 9.21 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 11.06 14.04 11.37 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 18.96 17.96 12.17 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 12.88 12.20 14.99 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ....................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.737 0.746 0.759 Grapes ......................dollars/ton: 628.00 (S) 3,290.00 (S) Peaches .....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears .......................dollars/ton: 559.00 1,290.00 1,230.00 1,240.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 207.00 231.00 192.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Price data source for vegetables, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :February 2021 : January 2022 :February 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 54.00 70.00 74.80 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 36.90 91.00 61.00 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) (S) (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 42.90 44.50 50.70 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 46.30 99.10 60.50 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 47.80 51.70 49.90 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 77.40 43.50 48.60 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 (S) (S) (S) Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 15.80 21.10 22.10 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 19.20 39.80 46.50 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 9.70 13.50 13.90 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 46.20 52.20 51.40 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 167.00 185.00 194.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 112.00 135.00 137.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 65.60 71.60 77.90 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 115.00 139.00 141.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) 1,380.00 (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 56.40 58.80 68.60 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 56.40 59.30 68.80 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 56.90 45.90 63.70 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 17.10 24.20 24.70 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 4.10 4.21 4.18 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.438 0.790 0.747 Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 0.994 1.47 1.43 Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.735 1.26 1.21 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.737 0.867 0.898 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.913 1.30 1.31 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 109 113 109 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 17.50 24.10 25.30 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 98 100 98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2022 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 4.88 5.48 8.48 3.79 4.24 5.57 8.84 10.90 12.90 February ...: 4.88 5.83 9.17 3.78 4.75 6.10 8.60 12.70 14.80 March ......: 4.86 5.86 3.68 4.89 8.47 13.20 April ......: 4.85 6.04 3.29 5.31 8.35 13.90 May ........: 4.76 6.46 3.20 5.91 8.28 14.80 June .......: 4.57 6.24 3.16 6.00 8.34 14.50 July .......: 4.54 6.26 3.21 6.12 8.50 14.10 August .....: 4.54 7.13 3.12 6.32 8.66 13.70 September ..: 4.73 7.75 3.41 5.47 9.24 12.20 October ....: 4.98 7.90 3.61 5.02 9.63 11.90 November ...: 5.24 8.51 3.79 5.27 10.30 12.20 December ...: 5.46 8.58 3.97 5.47 10.60 12.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2022 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 122.00 110.00 135.00 47.80 50.20 58.80 February .: 120.00 112.00 137.00 45.50 56.40 68.60 March ....: 113.00 113.00 47.70 67.20 April ....: 108.00 118.00 42.30 75.60 May ......: 109.00 118.00 51.00 79.30 June .....: 109.00 121.00 41.30 82.70 July .....: 97.10 122.00 39.90 80.00 August ...: 103.00 123.00 42.90 79.00 September : 104.00 124.00 49.70 70.80 October ..: 106.00 123.00 56.30 65.50 November .: 107.00 129.00 51.90 58.60 December .: 108.00 137.00 49.10 56.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (S) Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.96 6.83 7.95 Idaho ..............: 5.52 7.31 8.07 Illinois ...........: 6.18 7.18 7.42 Indiana ............: 5.93 6.84 7.89 Kansas .............: 6.08 7.43 8.30 Michigan ...........: 6.18 6.36 7.09 Minnesota ..........: 5.70 8.45 9.31 : Missouri ...........: 7.08 7.52 7.97 Montana ............: 5.55 8.87 9.94 Nebraska ...........: 5.65 7.35 8.35 North Carolina .....: 6.54 8.05 8.47 North Dakota .......: 5.68 9.42 9.81 Ohio ...............: 5.90 6.75 7.90 Oklahoma ...........: 6.03 7.39 8.29 Oregon .............: 6.87 9.40 10.30 South Dakota .......: 5.61 7.91 8.81 Texas ..............: 5.94 8.15 7.54 Washington .........: 6.34 9.32 9.40 : United States ......: 5.83 8.48 9.17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.96 6.83 7.95 Idaho ..............: 5.55 7.26 8.02 Illinois ...........: 6.18 7.18 7.42 Indiana ............: 5.93 6.84 7.89 Kansas .............: 6.08 7.43 8.30 Michigan ...........: 6.18 6.36 7.09 Missouri ...........: 7.08 7.52 7.97 Montana ............: 5.41 7.43 8.40 : Nebraska ...........: 5.65 7.35 8.35 North Carolina .....: 6.54 8.05 8.47 North Dakota .......: (D) 8.58 9.04 Ohio ...............: 5.90 6.75 7.90 Oklahoma ...........: 6.03 7.39 8.29 Oregon .............: 6.87 9.40 10.30 South Dakota .......: 5.66 7.68 8.65 Texas ..............: 5.94 8.15 7.54 Washington .........: 6.32 9.33 9.40 : United States ......: 5.96 7.69 8.52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (S) Idaho ..............: (D) (S) (S) Montana ............: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 6.28 14.20 15.30 : United States ......: 6.37 14.90 15.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 5.37 7.46 8.19 Minnesota ..........: 5.70 8.45 9.31 Montana ............: 5.53 8.81 9.43 North Dakota .......: 5.58 8.50 9.03 South Dakota .......: 5.55 8.33 8.91 Washington .........: 6.42 9.31 9.38 : United States ......: 5.62 8.53 9.16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (D) (S) Iowa ...............: 3.87 4.59 6.48 Michigan ...........: 3.45 5.02 4.81 Minnesota ..........: 2.89 5.27 5.69 Montana ............: (S) (D) (S) Nebraska ...........: (D) 6.43 (D) New York ...........: (D) (S) (S) North Dakota .......: 2.72 5.24 4.98 Oregon .............: (D) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: (D) (S) (D) South Dakota .......: 3.06 6.30 6.55 Texas ..............: (S) (S) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 2.99 5.38 6.22 : United States ......: 3.11 5.68 5.93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.95 5.15 4.95 Idaho ..............: 5.12 5.48 5.38 Minnesota ..........: 4.25 (D) (D) Montana ............: 4.68 6.15 6.67 North Dakota .......: 4.86 5.43 5.47 Washington .........: 5.16 5.91 5.44 Wyoming ............: (D) (D) 5.00 : United States ......: 4.97 5.59 5.43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.95 5.13 4.92 Idaho ..............: 5.13 5.50 5.37 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 4.72 5.79 6.37 North Dakota .......: 4.99 5.50 5.35 Washington .........: (D) 5.92 (S) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) 5.00 : United States ......: 5.02 5.54 5.33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: (S) (D) (D) Idaho ..............: (D) 5.30 5.61 Minnesota ..........: 3.71 (S) (D) Montana ............: 3.62 6.48 (D) North Dakota .......: 3.51 5.37 5.86 Washington .........: 3.40 5.72 5.44 Wyoming ............: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 3.50 5.76 6.07 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...............: 4.90 5.90 6.30 Illinois ...............: 4.69 5.48 6.28 Indiana ................: 4.74 5.58 6.16 Iowa ...................: 4.87 5.70 6.11 Kansas .................: 4.94 5.96 6.40 Kentucky ...............: 4.67 5.49 6.09 Michigan ...............: 4.89 5.47 5.88 Minnesota ..............: 4.57 5.23 5.86 Missouri ...............: 4.77 5.75 6.18 Nebraska ...............: 4.64 5.57 5.95 : North Carolina .........: 5.98 6.65 7.06 North Dakota ...........: 4.39 5.39 5.88 Ohio ...................: 4.80 5.56 5.95 Pennsylvania ...........: 5.69 6.18 6.76 South Dakota ...........: 4.63 5.69 6.11 Tennessee ..............: 5.32 5.81 6.10 Texas ..................: 5.50 6.36 6.87 Wisconsin ..............: 4.74 5.39 5.84 : United States ..........: 4.75 5.57 6.10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: 11.00 10.90 11.80 Nebraska ...........: 11.70 10.40 12.00 Oklahoma ...........: 11.90 8.85 11.60 Texas ..............: 11.30 10.80 12.30 : United States ......: 11.10 10.80 11.90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 12.90 13.50 (D) Illinois ...........: 12.40 12.80 14.90 Indiana ............: 12.60 12.80 14.60 Iowa ...............: 12.70 12.90 14.50 Kansas .............: 12.90 13.30 14.80 Kentucky ...........: 12.10 12.70 14.20 Louisiana ..........: 11.60 13.40 14.80 Michigan ...........: 13.40 13.50 15.80 Minnesota ..........: 13.10 12.70 14.80 Mississippi ........: 12.40 12.30 14.70 : Missouri ...........: 12.80 13.20 14.90 Nebraska ...........: 12.50 12.80 14.70 North Carolina .....: 13.10 13.30 14.60 North Dakota .......: 12.50 12.80 14.30 Ohio ...............: 12.70 13.30 14.90 South Dakota .......: 12.30 13.00 14.80 Tennessee ..........: 12.30 12.90 14.70 Wisconsin ..........: 13.00 12.50 14.70 : United States ......: 12.70 12.90 14.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: (D) 66.90 (D) Colorado ...........: (D) (D) 45.30 Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Michigan ...........: 39.40 40.90 44.90 Minnesota ..........: 32.20 43.60 44.50 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 29.40 42.90 45.90 : United States ......: 33.70 43.20 43.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 17.00 30.20 (D) North Dakota .......: 20.50 33.70 37.30 Oklahoma ...........: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 20.40 33.70 37.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 13.20 31.00 31.10 : United States ......: 13.20 31.00 31.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.210 0.249 0.254 Arkansas ...........: (S) 0.127 (S) Florida ............: 0.208 0.261 0.249 Georgia ............: 0.202 0.249 0.236 Mississippi ........: 0.185 0.206 0.263 New Mexico .........: 0.563 (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.220 0.304 0.268 Oklahoma ...........: 0.227 0.290 0.297 South Carolina .....: 0.218 0.254 0.256 Texas ..............: 0.232 0.288 0.300 Virginia ...........: (S) 0.256 0.252 : United States ......: 0.205 0.261 0.245 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) 29.30 30.00 North Dakota .......: 21.70 30.80 31.90 South Dakota .......: 20.60 31.60 33.00 : United States ......: 21.40 31.00 32.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : February : January : February : February : January : February : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: 0.718 0.936 (D) 128.00 152.00 152.00 Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) 258.00 381.00 381.00 Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) (S) (S) (S) California .........: (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Georgia ............: 0.763 1.010 1.080 154.00 185.00 185.00 Louisiana ..........: 0.735 (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) Mississippi ........: 0.738 0.888 (S) (S) (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.724 0.994 (D) 233.00 208.00 208.00 Tennessee ..........: 0.802 0.964 1.030 (S) (S) (S) Texas ..............: 0.680 0.955 0.988 (S) 252.00 252.00 : United States ......: 0.728 0.959 0.997 185.00 241.00 255.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.728 0.959 0.997 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 783 3,356 1,053 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 14.40 15.60 15.60 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 14,782 17,403 14,384 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.50 13.50 13.70 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 11,132 12,416 11,665 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 22.50 21.80 26.50 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 13.20 13.80 14.10 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 19.90 20.80 23.60 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 3,650 4,987 2,719 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : February : January : February : February : January : February : February : January : February : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 190.00 235.00 250.00 190.00 235.00 250.00 190.00 200.00 200.00 California ...........: 186.00 206.00 214.00 195.00 220.00 225.00 155.00 170.00 175.00 Colorado .............: 214.00 213.00 209.00 210.00 210.00 205.00 225.00 235.00 235.00 Idaho ................: 163.00 229.00 234.00 165.00 235.00 240.00 140.00 180.00 185.00 Illinois .............: 153.00 164.00 167.00 165.00 175.00 175.00 110.00 135.00 140.00 Iowa .................: 128.00 155.00 153.00 132.00 165.00 156.00 108.00 138.00 144.00 Kansas ...............: 144.00 161.00 160.00 169.00 184.00 185.00 95.00 108.00 107.00 Kentucky .............: 154.00 166.00 166.00 215.00 220.00 220.00 140.00 150.00 150.00 Michigan .............: 182.00 179.00 180.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 155.00 140.00 140.00 Minnesota ............: 124.00 181.00 179.00 135.00 197.00 193.00 84.00 153.00 152.00 : Missouri .............: 109.00 116.00 115.00 155.00 165.00 165.00 100.00 105.00 105.00 Montana ..............: 133.00 244.00 249.00 135.00 250.00 255.00 125.00 215.00 215.00 Nebraska .............: 108.00 146.00 145.00 117.00 162.00 162.00 88.00 102.00 102.00 Nevada ...............: 189.00 199.00 200.00 190.00 200.00 200.00 180.00 175.00 180.00 New Mexico ...........: 218.00 227.00 227.00 225.00 230.00 230.00 180.00 210.00 210.00 New York .............: 171.00 151.00 147.00 221.00 210.00 204.00 168.00 133.00 129.00 North Dakota .........: 96.00 165.00 173.00 100.00 176.00 186.00 70.00 111.00 109.00 Ohio .................: 176.00 167.00 168.00 210.00 190.00 190.00 160.00 150.00 150.00 Oklahoma .............: 102.00 108.00 114.00 192.00 174.00 189.00 87.00 100.00 100.00 Oregon ...............: 193.00 246.00 248.00 205.00 250.00 250.00 180.00 240.00 245.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 215.00 158.00 150.00 286.00 230.00 220.00 198.00 141.00 135.00 South Dakota .........: 106.00 147.00 158.00 115.00 165.00 174.00 82.00 117.00 121.00 Texas ................: 153.00 154.00 158.00 221.00 206.00 213.00 144.00 148.00 148.00 Utah .................: 192.00 254.00 259.00 195.00 255.00 260.00 135.00 195.00 195.00 Washington ...........: 173.00 244.00 254.00 170.00 230.00 245.00 180.00 270.00 275.00 Wisconsin ............: 167.00 155.00 153.00 179.00 160.00 160.00 118.00 134.00 129.00 Wyoming ..............: 175.00 222.00 221.00 175.00 230.00 230.00 175.00 195.00 195.00 : United States ........: 158.00 182.00 187.00 171.00 211.00 214.00 139.00 144.00 146.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 220.00 255.00 260.00 Idaho ..............: 185.00 270.00 280.00 Michigan ...........: 225.00 220.00 220.00 Minnesota ..........: 187.00 239.00 229.00 New York ...........: 256.00 280.00 284.00 Pennsylvania .......: 340.00 265.00 275.00 Texas ..............: 228.00 243.00 247.00 Wisconsin ..........: 232.00 250.00 243.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 211.00 262.00 266.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For February 2021, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For January 2022, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For February 2022, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 38.50 13.55 27.13 6.20 11.06 24.84 3.60 : Lemons ..............................: 45.10 25.47 34.47 (D) 18.96 27.55 (D) : Oranges .............................: 34.10 15.88 23.41 8.01 12.88 20.47 4.94 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: January 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 43.80 16.86 32.48 5.96 14.04 30.16 2.78 : Lemons ..............................: 44.00 24.46 33.33 (D) 17.96 26.41 (D) : Oranges .............................: 37.50 15.26 26.83 9.83 12.20 23.85 6.73 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: February 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 42.30 14.43 30.79 6.46 11.37 28.33 3.11 : Lemons ..............................: 44.40 18.38 33.75 (D) 12.17 26.83 (D) : Oranges .............................: 39.30 18.05 28.58 10.17 14.99 25.60 7.04 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : February 2021 : January 2022 : February 2022 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 15.20 3.77 23.30 3.92 24.20 3.85 California .........: 17.80 3.98 24.40 4.19 24.90 4.14 Colorado ...........: 16.90 4.00 24.00 4.03 24.70 4.01 Florida ............: 20.00 3.70 26.10 3.71 27.50 3.73 Georgia ............: 18.90 3.83 25.60 3.78 26.90 3.81 Idaho ..............: 17.00 4.19 24.30 4.31 25.00 4.27 Illinois ...........: 16.60 4.12 23.80 4.22 24.60 4.20 Indiana ............: 17.10 4.11 23.90 4.15 24.60 4.13 Iowa ...............: 17.40 4.27 23.40 4.35 24.10 4.28 Kansas .............: 14.30 4.16 23.20 4.28 23.70 4.29 : Michigan ...........: 15.90 4.02 23.20 4.11 23.80 4.08 Minnesota ..........: 17.80 4.31 23.70 4.43 24.20 4.41 New Mexico .........: 14.00 3.95 22.40 4.03 22.90 4.02 New York ...........: 17.40 4.11 24.70 4.16 25.40 4.13 Ohio ...............: 17.80 4.05 23.60 4.11 24.10 4.11 Oregon .............: 19.50 4.18 26.00 4.43 26.30 4.37 Pennsylvania .......: 17.40 4.09 24.80 4.13 25.70 4.11 South Dakota .......: 18.70 4.57 25.20 4.70 25.80 4.67 Texas ..............: 16.00 4.36 25.60 4.42 25.20 4.42 Utah ...............: 17.00 4.01 24.00 4.15 24.70 4.11 : Vermont ............: 17.90 4.13 25.20 4.19 26.00 4.16 Virginia ...........: 18.90 4.01 25.20 4.05 26.30 4.05 Washington .........: 16.40 4.18 25.20 4.34 25.80 4.27 Wisconsin ..........: 17.20 4.13 23.40 4.19 24.00 4.17 : United States ......: 17.10 4.10 24.20 4.21 24.70 4.18 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2022 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2021 : October 2021 : January 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,500 1,500 1,500 California .........: 1,350 1,300 1,330 Colorado ...........: 1,300 1,400 1,400 Florida ............: 1,400 1,430 1,460 Georgia ............: 1,280 1,290 1,250 Idaho ..............: 1,350 1,300 1,350 Illinois ...........: 1,290 1,320 1,300 Indiana ............: 1,350 1,320 1,370 Iowa ...............: 1,310 1,310 1,380 Kansas .............: 1,400 1,380 1,450 : Michigan ...........: 1,400 1,360 1,410 Minnesota ..........: 1,260 1,260 1,320 New Mexico .........: 1,400 1,450 1,400 New York ...........: 1,300 1,270 1,330 Ohio ...............: 1,230 1,300 1,310 Oregon .............: 1,300 1,250 1,400 Pennsylvania .......: 1,250 1,310 1,400 South Dakota .......: 1,350 1,330 1,350 Texas ..............: 1,400 1,350 1,400 Utah ...............: 1,200 1,250 1,200 : Vermont ............: 1,350 1,400 1,460 Virginia ...........: 1,180 1,260 1,300 Washington .........: 1,350 1,350 1,400 Wisconsin ..........: 1,470 1,450 1,470 : United States ......: 1,360 1,340 1,380 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2021, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2021, the 10-average includes the years 2011-2020). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price :February : January :February :February : January :February : : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.532 17.00 17.90 18.20 34 47 50 Rice ....................cwt: 1.28 40.00 43.00 43.70 36 36 36 Corn .................bushel: 0.409 13.10 13.70 14.00 36 41 44 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.066 2.11 2.22 2.25 35 43 44 American Pima .......pound: 0.126 4.19 4.23 4.30 28 28 28 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.022 0.682 0.739 0.752 30 35 33 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.24 71.30 75.30 76.50 27 34 47 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.84 92.10 95.50 97.00 26 36 33 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.21 70.10 74.30 75.50 28 53 58 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.75 55.50 58.80 59.80 32 41 42 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.198 5.98 6.65 6.76 34 31 30 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.148 4.68 4.97 5.06 35 34 34 Mohair ................pound: 0.466 14.30 15.70 15.90 35 36 35 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.042 1.180 1.410 1.430 62 53 53 Barley ...............bushel: 0.487 15.30 16.40 16.60 32 34 33 Canola ..................cwt: 1.79 56.10 60.20 61.10 36 56 61 Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.30 598.00 649.00 659.00 31 37 39 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.09 96.70 104.00 106.00 35 42 41 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.11 33.20 37.30 37.90 40 83 82 Oats .................bushel: 0.288 8.96 9.68 9.84 35 59 60 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.09 32.90 36.60 37.20 29 37 37 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.716 22.60 24.10 24.50 49 45 49 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.02 31.90 34.30 34.80 40 38 43 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.02 64.20 67.90 69.00 33 46 47 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.936 28.10 31.50 32.00 39 45 36 Lemons ..................box: 2.03 61.40 68.20 69.30 31 26 18 Oranges .................box: 1.070 32.60 36.00 36.60 40 34 41 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.70 366.00 393.00 400.00 31 34 34 Broilers ..............pound: 0.050 1.55 1.68 1.71 28 47 44 Calves ..................cwt: 17.30 539.00 581.00 591.00 31 32 33 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.099 3.07 3.33 3.38 30 39 39 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.47 172.00 184.00 187.00 33 32 37 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 2.050 2.220 2.250 36 39 40 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : February : January : February : : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.457 13.60 15.40 15.60 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.04 95.20 102.00 104.00 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.50 79.10 84.00 85.40 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.621 19.60 20.90 21.20 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.20 67.90 73.90 75.20 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.71 53.90 57.50 58.40 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.05 63.20 68.90 70.00 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.186 5.74 6.25 6.35 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.255 7.94 8.57 8.71 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.186 5.67 6.25 6.35 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.175 5.39 5.88 5.98 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.227 7.07 7.63 7.75 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.224 6.63 7.53 7.65 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.60 645.00 692.00 704.00 Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 125.00 3,940.00 4,200.00 4,270.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 185.00 6,010.00 6,220.00 6,320.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 214.00 6,570.00 7,190.00 7,310.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.030 0.899 1.010 1.020 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.32 105.00 112.00 113.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 220.00 6,390.00 7,390.00 7,520.00 : Grapes (California) : Wine, processing ..................ton: 79.40 2,430.00 2,670.00 2,710.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 128.00 3,630.00 4,300.00 4,370.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 84.20 2,510.00 2,830.00 2,880.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 112.00 3,470.00 3,760.00 3,830.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : February : January : February : : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.042 1.34 1.41 1.43 Peaches, fresh 4/ 5/ ...............ton: 111.00 3,070.00 3,730.00 3,790.00 Pears, fresh 5/ ....................ton: 61.70 1,900.00 2,070.00 2,110.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 6/ .........................ton: 85.50 2,220.00 2,870.00 2,920.00 Strawberries : Fresh 7/ .......................pound: 10.20 292.00 343.00 348.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.94 111.00 132.00 135.00 : Sugar crops : Sugarbeets 2/ 8/ .................ton: 4.56 146.00 153.00 156.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.41 104.00 115.00 116.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.254 7.53 8.54 8.68 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 230.00 7,050.00 7,730.00 7,860.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.253 7.26 8.50 8.64 Walnuts ............................ton: 225.00 7,020.00 7,560.00 7,690.00 : Vegetables, fresh 7/ : Carrots 10/ ........................cwt: 2.71 83.90 91.10 92.60 Cauliflower 10/ ....................cwt: 4.35 139.00 146.00 149.00 Celery 10/ .........................cwt: 2.13 61.00 71.60 72.80 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.09 75.00 70.20 71.40 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.66 75.00 89.40 90.90 Onions 10/ .........................cwt: 1.41 42.00 47.40 48.20 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.07 119.00 137.00 139.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 7/ FOB shipping point price. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ Includes some processing. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also, the modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. February Prices Paid by Farmers The February Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 126.2, is up 1.5 percent from January 2022 and 12 percent from February 2021. Production: The February index, at 123.9, is up 2.1 percent from January and 16 percent from last year. Compared with last month, prices are higher for feeder pigs, nitrogen, complete feeds, and feed grains. Feed: At 123.6, the February index increased 3.1 percent from January and 13 percent from last February. Since January, prices are higher for complete feeds, feed grains, supplements, concentrates, and hay & forages. Livestock and poultry: The February index, at 125.3, increased 4.1 percent from January and 19 percent from last year. Since January, prices are higher for feeder pigs and feeder cattle. The February feeder cattle price, at $166.00 per cwt, is up $3.00 per cwt from January. The February feeder pigs price, at $284.00 per cwt, is up $58.00 per cwt from January. Fertilizer: The index for February, at 114.5, is up 4.6 percent from January and 71 percent from February a year ago. Since January, prices are higher for nitrogen but unchanged for mixed fertilizer and potash & phosphate. Chemicals: The February index, at 112.0, is unchanged from January but up 21 percent from last February. Fuels: At 74.9, the February index is up 8.1 percent from January and 32 percent from February 2021. Compared with January, prices are higher for diesel, LP gas, and gasoline. Machinery: The index for February, at 150.3, increased 3.4 percent from January and 22 percent from last February. Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery, tractors, and self-propelled machinery. Consumer Price Index: The February 2022 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 7.9 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 283.716 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.9 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : February : January : February : February : January : February Ratios : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3037 3363 3416 112.2 124.3 126.2 Production ....................: 2232 2526 2578 107.2 121.3 123.9 Feed ........................: 1201 1322 1362 109.0 119.9 123.6 Livestock and poultry .......: 2088 2377 2473 105.7 120.4 125.3 Seeds .......................: 3711 3718 3718 112.9 113.1 113.1 Fertilizer ..................: 807 1319 1379 67.0 109.5 114.5 Chemicals ...................: 830 1006 1006 92.4 112.0 112.0 Fuels .......................: 1585 1939 2095 56.7 69.3 74.9 Supplies and repairs ........: 1399 1575 1592 118.6 133.5 134.9 : Autos and trucks ............: 3316 3716 3726 107.9 120.9 121.2 Machinery ...................: 7554 8884 9188 123.6 145.4 150.3 Building materials ..........: 2993 3645 3696 128.7 156.7 158.9 Services and rent ...........: 2499 2604 2612 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 118.6 126.1 126.7 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.1 116.9 116.9 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4063 4186 4186 111.4 114.8 114.8 Taxes 2/ ......................: 7719 8006 8006 130.0 134.9 134.9 Wage rates ....................: 10373 10617 10617 144.9 148.3 148.3 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2498 2671 2695 116.9 125.0 126.2 : Production, interest, taxes, : and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3143 3500 3560 111.4 124.1 126.3 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 85 90 95 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 32 34 36 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 34 35 37 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1791 1916 1926 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 112.0 124.2 125.5 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 112.4 124.3 126.9 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.6 118.9 122.3 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 106.3 122.9 124.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are five year moving averages] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : :February : January :February : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 72.8 72.5 107.2 121.3 123.9 : Feed ......................: 13.8 13.6 109.0 119.9 123.6 Feed grains .............: 2.0 1.9 83.1 95.8 104.4 Complete feeds ..........: 6.7 6.7 113.1 124.6 127.9 Hay and forages .........: 1.7 1.7 104.7 120.4 122.1 Concentrates ............: 2.2 2.2 120.0 118.1 119.6 Supplements .............: 1.2 1.1 115.2 136.7 140.8 Livestock and poultry .....: 9.5 9.6 105.7 120.4 125.3 Feeder cattle ...........: 7.4 7.5 102.8 119.2 121.2 Feeder pigs .............: 0.8 0.8 138.6 161.4 202.9 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.8 0.8 95.8 97.2 97.2 Poultry .................: 0.6 0.6 113.1 113.1 113.1 : Seeds .....................: 5.0 5.1 112.9 113.1 113.1 Field crops .............: 4.6 4.6 111.6 112.4 112.4 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 125.4 119.8 119.8 Fertilizer ................: 5.4 5.5 67.0 109.5 114.5 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.4 2.4 65.8 86.1 86.1 Nitrogen ................: 2.3 2.3 69.5 136.2 148.0 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.8 0.8 63.6 103.3 103.3 Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.6 92.4 112.0 112.0 Herbicides ..............: 2.2 2.3 93.4 113.2 113.2 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 89.9 109.4 109.4 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 91.9 111.2 111.2 : Fuels .....................: 3.3 2.7 56.7 69.3 74.9 Diesel ..................: 2.0 1.7 49.2 62.0 67.1 Gasoline ................: 0.7 0.6 55.1 70.1 74.2 LP gas ..................: 0.5 0.5 86.2 95.4 104.7 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.5 4.5 118.6 133.5 134.9 Supplies ................: 1.5 1.5 120.2 134.6 136.9 Repairs .................: 3.0 3.0 117.8 133.0 133.9 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.1 1.2 107.9 120.9 121.2 Autos ...................: 0.1 0.2 102.7 114.7 115.1 Trucks ..................: 1.0 1.0 108.7 121.8 122.1 : Machinery .................: 4.3 4.3 123.6 145.4 150.3 Tractors ................: 0.9 0.9 113.0 132.5 136.9 Self-propelled ..........: 1.7 1.7 121.8 132.3 134.5 Other machinery .........: 1.6 1.6 131.7 166.6 174.9 Building materials ........: 3.7 3.6 128.7 156.7 158.9 Services ..................: 11.8 11.7 118.6 126.1 126.7 Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.2 114.7 114.7 114.7 Other services ..........: 10.6 10.5 119.0 127.4 128.1 Rent ......................: 6.8 7.0 116.1 116.9 116.9 Cash ....................: 3.6 3.8 124.5 125.9 125.9 Share ...................: 3.1 3.2 106.5 106.5 106.5 : Interest ....................: 2.5 2.2 111.4 114.8 114.8 Taxes .......................: 3.1 3.2 130.0 134.9 134.9 Wage rates ..................: 7.5 7.8 144.9 148.3 148.3 Family living-CPI ...........: 14.1 14.3 116.9 125.0 126.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ :February 2021 : January 2022 :February 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 3.2 5.3 4.5 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 6.3 9.8 8.4 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 11.9 10.6 11.2 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 1.80 2.18 2.07 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 24.2 25.0 23.1 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 6.0 6.2 5.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :February 2021 : January 2022 :February 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.438 0.790 0.747 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.735 1.26 1.21 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 56.40 58.80 68.60 Milk, all .......................cwt: 17.10 24.20 24.70 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 115.00 139.00 141.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.737 0.867 0.898 : Corn .........................bushel: 4.75 5.57 6.10 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 171.00 211.00 214.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 12.70 12.90 14.80 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 5.83 8.48 9.17 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: February 2022 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :February 2021 : January 2022 :February 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 141.00 163.00 166.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 194.00 226.00 284.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. Information Contacts General Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans.................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Michelle Harder - Barley, Hay.......................................................................... (202) 690-8533 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat............................................................................ (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet............................................................ (202) 720-9526 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................................................ (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower.................................. (202) 720-7369 Lihan Wei - Peanuts, Rice.............................................................................. (202) 720-7688 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section....................................... (202) 720-2127 Fleming Gibson - Blueberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes........................... (202) 720-2127 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................................. (202) 720-4288 Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes................................................... (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Hazelnuts, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and Tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges...................... (202) 720-5412 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............................. (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans........................................... (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed................................................................. (202) 720-3040 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................ (202) 720-3106 Logan Hartley - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 690-3236 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Jean Porter, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................. (202) 720-8068 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 505-0041 Seth Riggins - Honey................................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Autumn Stone - Eggs.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Thomas Laidley - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 221-9280 Ralph Mondesir - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes.......................... (202) 720-6146 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 720-8844 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. 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Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df