Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released July 30, 2018, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). June Prices Received Index Increased 0.1 Percent The June Prices Received Index (Agricultural Production), at 95.1, increased 0.1 percent from May 2018. At 90.3, the Crop Production Index increased 0.7 percent. The Livestock Production Index, at 98.5, increased 0.2 percent. Producers received higher prices for oranges, hogs, market eggs, and broilers but lower prices for cattle, corn, cauliflower, and soybeans. Compared with a year earlier, the Prices Received Index is down 3.3 percent. The Crop Production Index increased 3.4 percent and the Livestock Production Index decreased 8.1 percent. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the volume change of commodities producers market. Increased monthly movement of wheat, hay, peaches, and corn offset the decreased marketing of oranges, milk, broilers, and tomatoes. The Food Commodities Index, at 98.9, increased 0.4 percent from the previous month but decreased 5.2 percent from June 2017. June Prices Paid Index Down 0.2 Percent The June Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 108.8, is down 0.2 percent from May 2018 but up 2.0 percent from June 2017. Lower prices in June for feeder pigs, herbicides, hay and forages, and complete feeds more than offset higher prices for other services, feeder cattle, supplies, and diesel. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : June : May : June Index Group : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 98.3 95.0 95.1 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 106.7 109.0 108.8 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 92 87 87 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................ 3 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons............................ 4 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons....................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2017 and 2018............ 4 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2017 and 2018................ 5 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................... 6 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................. 7 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2018 with Comparisons......... 8 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2018 with Comparisons.............. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons...................... 9 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons................... 9 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................... 10 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons................... 10 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons........................... 10 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons..................... 11 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons................. 11 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................... 11 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................. 11 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons........................... 12 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons....................... 13 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons...................... 13 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons............. 14 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons......................... 14 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons....................... 14 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons... 15 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons..... 15 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.................... 16 Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons......................... 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: June 2017.................... 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: May 2018..................... 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: June 2018.................... 19 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons....................... 20 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: July 2018 with Comparisons...................... 20 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.. 21 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons....................................... 22 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities.................................................................. 24 Prices Received for Sugar Crops, Market Year Average and Value of Production - United States: 2017........ 24 Parity Price Overview..................................................................................... 25 Prices Received For Average Base Period - United States: January 1910-December 1914....................... 26 The Parity Ratio.......................................................................................... 27 Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018...................... 28 Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017...................................................................... 34 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates.................................................................. 44 Prices Paid by Farmers.................................................................................... 45 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons................. 46 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons............................................................................. 47 Feed Price Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons............................................. 48 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons........... 48 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons.............................. 48 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates...................................................................... 49 Information Contacts...................................................................................... 50 June Prices Received by Farmers The June Prices Received Index for agricultural production is 95.1 percent of its 2011 base, up 0.1 percent from the May 2018 index but down 3.3 percent from the June 2017 index. Crop production: The June index, at 90.3, increased 0.7 percent from May and 3.4 percent from June 2017. The increase in the fruit & tree nut and other crop index more than offset the decrease in the grain & oilseed and vegetable & melon index. Grain and oilseed: The June index, at 67.8 is down 2.3 percent from May but up 8.5 percent from June 2017. Oilseed, feed grain and food grain indexes are lower than May. Feed grain: The June index, at 60.2, is decreased 1.8 percent from last month but increased 4.5 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $3.58 per bushel, is down 9 cents from last month but up 15 cents from June 2017. At $7.06 per cwt, sorghum grain is 94 cents above May and $1.42 above June 2017. Food grain: At 72.8, the index for June is down 8.9 percent from the previous month but up 18 percent from a year ago. The June price for all wheat, at $5.17 per bushel, is 22 cents lower than May but 80 cents higher than June 2017. Oilseed: At 76.8, the index for June is decreased 3.0 percent from May but increased 5.5 percent from June 2017. The soybean price, at $9.55 per bushel, is 29 cents lower than May but 45 cents higher than June 2017. Fruit and tree nut: The June index, at 134.9, is up 16 percent from May and 3.5 percent from a year earlier. The price increases during June for oranges, lemons, and pears more than offset the price decreases for strawberries, grapefruit, and apples. Vegetable and melon: At 99.4, the index for June is decreased 4.5 percent from the previous month and 8.6 percent from June 2017. Price decrease for cauliflower, lettuce, tomatoes, and broccoli more than offset price increases for onions and potatoes. Other crop: The June index, at 90.0, is up 3.9 percent from the previous month and 7.9 percent from June 2017. The all hay price, at $160.00 per ton, is $7.00 lower than May but $15.00 higher than June 2017. At 73.5 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 4.7 cents higher than May and 3.1 cents higher than June 2017. Livestock production: The index for June, at 98.5, increased 0.2 percent from the previous month but decreased 8.1 percent from June a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices are higher for market eggs and broilers. Prices for cattle, milk, turkeys, hogs, and calves are lower than a year earlier. Meat animal: At 96.1, the June index is decreased 3.1 percent from the previous month and 13 percent from a year earlier. At $59.10 per cwt, the June hog price is $7.60 higher than May but $3.00 lower than a year earlier. The June beef cattle price of $112.00 per cwt is $8.00 lower than the previous month and $20.00 lower than June 2017. Dairy: The index for June, at 81.1, is up 0.6 percent from the previous month but down 5.8 percent from June a year ago. The June all milk price of $16.30 per cwt is 10 cents higher than May but $1.00 lower than June 2017. Poultry and egg: At 137.1, the June index increased 4.1 percent from May and 18 percent from June 2017. The June market egg price, at 81.8 cents per dozen, is 19.9 cents higher than May and 44.1 cents higher than June 2017. The June broiler price, at 73.0 cents per pound, is 1.0 cent higher than May and 7.0 cents higher than a year ago. At 50.8 cents per pound, the June turkey price is 1.0 cents higher than the previous month but 15.0 cents lower than June 2017. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : June : May : June Index Group : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 98.3 95.0 95.1 Crop production ..............: 87.3 89.7 90.3 Grain and oilseed ..........: 62.5 69.4 67.8 Feed grain ...............: 57.6 61.3 60.2 Food grain ...............: 61.5 79.9 72.8 Oilseed ..................: 72.8 79.2 76.8 Fruit and tree nut .........: 130.3 116.8 134.9 Vegetable and melon ........: 108.7 104.1 99.4 Other crop .................: 83.4 86.6 90.0 : Livestock production .........: 107.2 98.3 98.5 Meat animal ................: 110.8 99.2 96.1 Cattle ...................: 114.8 105.0 98.0 Hog ......................: 93.4 77.4 88.9 Dairy ......................: 86.1 80.6 81.1 Poultry and egg ............: 116.4 131.7 137.1 : Food commodity .................: 104.3 98.5 98.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : June : May : June Index Group : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 1014 980 982 Crop production ..............: 762 782 787 Livestock production .........: 1244 1141 1144 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2017 and 2018 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 85.8 86.1 77.0 78.5 96.5 94.5 93.1 92.7 February ......: 91.1 91.1 84.9 86.8 96.0 94.2 96.2 95.5 March .........: 94.2 95.0 85.7 87.7 100.5 99.8 99.9 99.9 April .........: 95.9 92.8 90.9 88.2 99.5 95.8 100.9 96.1 May ...........: 98.1 95.0 86.2 89.7 106.8 98.3 103.8 98.5 June ..........: 98.3 95.1 87.3 90.3 107.2 98.5 104.3 98.9 July ..........: 95.6 87.0 103.9 101.0 August ........: 94.2 89.0 98.5 99.1 September .....: 92.5 90.0 94.8 97.4 October .......: 87.8 82.7 94.3 93.6 November ......: 91.5 81.9 101.8 100.7 December ......: 92.0 84.4 99.6 99.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2017 and 2018 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 106.0 108.0 103.8 105.2 107.8 109.3 104.1 106.6 February ......: 106.5 108.8 104.4 106.1 108.4 109.5 104.4 107.9 March .........: 106.6 109.0 104.6 106.3 108.4 109.9 104.8 108.0 April .........: 106.8 108.6 104.9 106.0 108.5 109.6 105.1 107.4 May ...........: 106.9 109.0 105.0 106.5 108.2 110.0 105.4 108.0 June ..........: 106.7 108.8 104.7 106.1 108.2 109.9 105.1 107.5 July ..........: 106.5 104.5 107.9 105.1 August ........: 105.7 103.4 107.6 103.8 September .....: 106.1 103.8 107.8 104.4 October .......: 106.8 104.6 108.0 105.6 November ......: 107.1 105.0 108.3 105.9 December ......: 107.1 105.0 108.0 106.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Austrian winter peas .........dollars/cwt: 19.50 (D) (D) (D) Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.47 4.45 4.62 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.47 3.33 3.78 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 4.66 4.58 4.88 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 30.60 27.50 23.40 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 17.40 18.50 17.20 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 34.90 33.30 28.20 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 38.30 35.90 37.80 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 30.20 31.10 19.90 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.43 3.67 3.58 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.704 0.688 0.735 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 8.52 10.10 9.98 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 145.00 167.00 160.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 154.00 189.00 181.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 125.00 122.00 121.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 28.70 22.10 20.60 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 2.74 3.14 3.04 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.197 0.228 0.225 Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.80 11.90 11.60 : Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 10.20 12.90 13.30 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 9.54 12.10 12.30 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 13.40 16.20 16.50 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 5.64 6.12 7.06 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 9.10 9.84 9.55 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 17.60 17.90 17.70 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 4.37 5.39 5.17 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 4.11 5.05 5.05 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 6.69 6.02 6.33 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.35 5.84 5.66 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 3.99 5.05 5.12 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 4.50 5.06 4.80 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.41 5.90 5.71 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 4.30 5.00 4.89 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 15.18 16.25 14.41 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 40.90 21.36 29.14 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 18.53 16.41 23.05 : Non-citrus, fresh : Apples 1/ .................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.363 0.297 0.289 Grapes 1/ ...................dollars/ton: 628.00 (S) (S) 2,550.00 Peaches 1/ ..................dollars/ton: 507.00 1,530.00 (S) 1,130.00 Pears 1/ ....................dollars/ton: 559.00 734.00 680.00 798.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 59.20 55.30 52.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), Pennsylvania (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 90.50 107.00 87.60 Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 (S) 64.50 (S) Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 50.50 56.90 46.80 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 26.80 23.20 20.40 Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 25.70 27.70 26.70 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 55.60 78.60 35.50 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 42.40 27.10 24.70 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 34.30 28.30 27.10 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 36.70 43.50 35.40 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 22.80 28.90 25.90 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 20.90 17.10 18.20 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 10.25 11.40 11.80 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 43.90 35.40 28.30 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 164.00 165.00 158.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 132.00 120.00 112.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 76.50 66.20 66.30 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 133.00 122.00 113.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 62.10 51.50 59.10 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 62.70 51.80 59.80 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 49.30 43.50 42.00 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 17.30 16.20 16.30 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 3.72 3.78 3.73 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.660 0.720 0.730 Eggs, all 7/ ...............dollars/dozen: 0.969 0.635 0.857 1.03 Market 7/ 8/ ..............dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.377 0.619 0.818 Turkeys, live 9/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.658 0.498 0.508 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.765 1.05 1.26 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 83 81 82 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 18.20 17.30 17.20 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 95 94 95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Point of first sale. 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Mid-month price. 8/ Also referred to as table eggs. 9/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2018 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 4.82 4.01 4.69 3.66 3.40 3.29 8.71 9.71 9.30 February ...: 4.61 4.16 4.92 3.58 3.44 3.38 8.51 9.86 9.49 March ......: 4.40 4.37 5.10 3.56 3.49 3.51 8.56 9.69 9.81 April ......: 4.46 4.16 5.29 3.56 3.43 3.58 9.01 9.33 9.83 May ........: 4.45 4.05 5.39 3.68 3.45 3.67 9.76 9.29 9.84 June .......: 4.20 4.37 5.17 3.82 3.43 3.58 10.20 9.10 9.55 July .......: 3.75 4.77 3.60 3.49 10.20 9.42 August .....: 3.68 4.83 3.21 3.27 9.93 9.24 September ..: 3.48 4.65 3.22 3.27 9.41 9.35 October ....: 3.68 4.64 3.29 3.26 9.30 9.18 November ...: 3.88 4.73 3.24 3.15 9.47 9.22 December ...: 3.90 4.51 3.32 3.23 9.64 9.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2018 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 130.00 117.00 120.00 43.60 48.10 52.50 February .: 132.00 119.00 125.00 49.60 54.40 54.60 March ....: 135.00 125.00 125.00 50.00 53.00 50.00 April ....: 131.00 128.00 119.00 51.00 48.40 45.30 May ......: 128.00 136.00 120.00 57.20 53.60 51.50 June .....: 125.00 132.00 112.00 60.60 62.10 59.10 July .....: 119.00 120.00 59.40 67.30 August ...: 117.00 114.00 52.60 61.50 September : 108.00 105.00 47.80 48.90 October ..: 101.00 109.00 41.70 47.30 November .: 104.00 119.00 39.00 50.00 December .: 111.00 118.00 43.10 48.60 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) Arkansas ...........: 4.42 (D) 4.79 California .........: 5.66 (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 3.37 4.75 4.54 Idaho ..............: 4.21 4.97 4.77 Illinois ...........: 4.49 4.80 4.88 Indiana ............: 4.62 4.96 4.83 Kansas .............: 3.99 4.83 5.02 Michigan ...........: 4.28 4.97 5.06 Minnesota ..........: 5.68 5.76 5.80 : Missouri ...........: 4.38 4.94 4.80 Montana ............: 4.63 5.80 5.74 Nebraska ...........: 3.74 4.78 4.62 North Carolina .....: 4.55 5.33 4.70 North Dakota .......: 5.25 5.74 5.45 Ohio ...............: 4.65 5.12 5.04 Oklahoma ...........: 3.92 4.94 5.24 Oregon .............: 4.53 5.61 5.66 South Dakota .......: 4.61 5.94 5.79 Texas ..............: 4.14 5.27 5.17 Washington .........: 4.50 5.53 5.41 : United States ......: 4.37 5.39 5.17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 4.42 (D) 4.79 California .........: (D) (S) 6.27 Colorado ...........: 3.37 4.75 4.54 Idaho ..............: 4.06 4.83 4.62 Illinois ...........: 4.49 4.80 4.88 Indiana ............: 4.62 4.96 4.83 Kansas .............: 3.99 4.83 5.02 Michigan ...........: 4.28 4.97 5.06 Minnesota ..........: (S) (S) (S) Missouri ...........: 4.38 (D) 4.80 : Montana ............: 4.01 5.28 5.37 Nebraska ...........: 3.74 4.78 4.62 North Carolina .....: 4.55 5.33 4.70 North Dakota .......: 3.34 4.30 4.92 Ohio ...............: 4.65 5.12 5.04 Oklahoma ...........: 3.92 4.94 5.24 Oregon .............: 4.43 (D) 5.63 South Dakota .......: 3.94 5.60 5.49 Texas ..............: 4.14 5.27 5.17 Washington .........: 4.40 5.33 5.31 : United States ......: 4.11 5.05 5.05 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (D) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 6.03 6.04 6.03 North Dakota .......: 5.56 5.52 5.50 : United States ......: 6.69 6.02 6.33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: (D) (D) (S) Idaho ..............: 4.59 5.19 (D) Minnesota ..........: 5.68 5.76 5.80 Montana ............: 5.42 6.39 6.17 North Dakota .......: 5.26 5.75 5.44 Oregon .............: 5.17 6.01 5.85 South Dakota .......: 5.49 6.13 6.01 Washington .........: 5.06 6.28 5.90 : United States ......: 5.35 5.84 5.66 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (S) (D) (D) Iowa ...............: 3.21 2.94 2.67 Michigan ...........: 3.02 3.46 3.27 Minnesota ..........: 2.14 2.39 2.44 Montana ............: (D) (S) (D) Nebraska ...........: 3.05 3.39 3.65 New York ...........: (D) (D) (S) North Dakota .......: 2.36 2.28 2.45 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: (D) (D) 4.07 South Dakota .......: 2.28 2.68 2.57 Texas ..............: (S) (D) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 2.97 3.20 3.28 : United States ......: 2.74 3.14 3.04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: 4.39 (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 5.38 4.45 (D) Idaho ..............: 4.94 (D) 5.03 Minnesota ..........: 4.37 4.08 (D) Montana ............: 4.19 4.51 3.94 North Dakota .......: 4.35 4.13 4.43 Washington .........: 2.32 2.62 (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.47 4.45 4.62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 5.64 4.45 4.56 Idaho ..............: 5.46 (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: 4.49 4.13 (D) Montana ............: 4.29 (D) 4.40 North Dakota .......: 4.51 4.41 4.63 Washington .........: (S) (S) (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.66 4.58 4.88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: 4.39 (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 3.26 (S) (D) Idaho ..............: 2.83 3.38 3.37 Minnesota ..........: (D) 3.22 (S) Montana ............: (D) (D) 3.11 North Dakota .......: 3.02 3.35 3.23 Washington .........: 2.32 2.62 2.98 Wyoming ............: (S) (S) (D) : United States ......: 3.47 3.33 3.78 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (S) Kansas .............: 5.17 6.03 5.88 Louisiana ..........: (S) (S) (S) Missouri ...........: (D) 6.12 6.29 Nebraska ...........: 5.25 6.02 6.01 Oklahoma ...........: 5.28 6.45 5.83 Texas ..............: 6.61 6.54 7.38 : United States ......: 5.64 6.12 7.06 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Alabama 1/ .............: (NA) 4.17 4.19 Alaska 1/ ..............: (NA) (S) (S) Arizona 1/ .............: (NA) (D) (S) Arkansas 1/ ............: (NA) 4.02 3.60 California 1/ ..........: (NA) (D) (D) Colorado ...............: 3.55 3.66 3.62 Connecticut 1/ .........: (NA) (S) (S) Delaware 1/ ............: (NA) (D) (S) Florida 1/ .............: (NA) (D) (D) Georgia 1/ .............: (NA) 4.87 (D) : Hawaii 1/ ..............: (NA) (S) (S) Idaho 1/ ...............: (NA) (D) 4.44 Illinois ...............: 3.50 3.69 3.65 Indiana ................: 3.84 3.92 3.81 Iowa ...................: 3.35 3.57 3.54 Kansas .................: 3.51 3.69 3.60 Kentucky ...............: 3.84 3.95 3.97 Louisiana 1/ ...........: (NA) (D) (D) Maine 1/ ...............: (NA) (S) (S) Maryland 1/ ............: (NA) (D) 4.14 : Massachusetts 1/ .......: (NA) (S) (S) Michigan ...............: 3.58 3.83 3.74 Minnesota ..............: 3.29 3.50 3.43 Mississippi 1/ .........: (NA) 3.86 4.03 Missouri ...............: 3.56 3.79 3.65 Montana 1/ .............: (NA) (D) 3.81 Nebraska ...............: 3.38 3.72 3.58 Nevada 1/ ..............: (NA) (S) (S) New Hampshire 1/ .......: (NA) (S) (S) New Jersey 1/ ..........: (NA) (D) (D) : New Mexico 1/ ..........: (NA) (D) (D) New York 1/ ............: (NA) 3.81 4.16 North Carolina .........: 4.35 5.14 4.50 North Dakota ...........: 3.09 3.36 3.28 Ohio ...................: 3.78 3.96 3.78 Oklahoma 1/ ............: (NA) 3.99 3.83 Oregon 1/ ..............: (NA) (S) (S) Pennsylvania ...........: 4.52 4.23 4.18 Rhode Island 1/ ........: (NA) (S) (S) South Carolina 1/ ......: (NA) 4.88 (D) : South Dakota ...........: 3.17 3.46 3.38 Tennessee ..............: 3.72 3.94 3.92 Texas ..................: 3.98 3.92 4.24 Utah 1/ ................: (NA) (D) (S) Vermont 1/ .............: (NA) (S) (S) Virginia 1/ ............: (NA) 4.37 4.56 Washington 1/ ..........: (NA) (D) (D) West Virginia 1/ .......: (NA) (D) (D) Wisconsin ..............: 3.42 3.64 3.57 Wyoming 1/ .............: (NA) (D) (S) : United States 2/ .......: 3.43 3.67 3.58 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ States added September 2017. 2/ United States price includes Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 9.45 9.76 8.64 Illinois ...........: 9.25 10.00 9.79 Indiana ............: 9.27 10.50 10.20 Iowa ...............: 8.98 9.58 9.52 Kansas .............: 8.74 9.59 9.64 Kentucky ...........: 9.25 10.10 10.30 Louisiana ..........: (D) (D) (D) Michigan ...........: 9.43 10.10 9.84 Minnesota ..........: 9.11 9.73 9.23 Mississippi ........: 10.00 9.98 (D) : Missouri ...........: 9.25 9.98 9.60 Nebraska ...........: 8.77 9.63 9.55 North Carolina .....: 9.63 10.10 9.45 North Dakota .......: 8.59 9.41 8.98 Ohio ...............: 9.39 10.10 9.67 South Dakota .......: 8.91 9.46 9.21 Tennessee ..........: 9.39 10.10 9.67 Wisconsin ..........: 9.19 9.84 9.84 : United States ......: 9.10 9.84 9.55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: 74.60 (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 29.80 29.90 (D) Idaho ..............: 33.40 31.50 25.00 Michigan ...........: 31.00 30.90 32.00 Minnesota ..........: 29.90 (D) 23.40 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 28.90 23.50 22.60 : United States ......: 30.60 27.50 23.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.213 0.226 0.219 Arkansas ...........: 0.185 0.190 0.191 Florida ............: 0.198 0.218 0.238 Georgia ............: 0.194 0.219 0.220 Mississippi ........: 0.181 0.240 0.203 New Mexico .........: (S) (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.208 0.239 (D) Oklahoma ...........: 0.204 0.249 0.244 South Carolina .....: 0.193 0.231 0.224 Texas ..............: 0.202 0.250 0.247 Virginia ...........: 0.207 0.243 0.242 : United States ......: 0.197 0.228 0.225 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: 19.60 (D) 21.30 North Dakota .......: 17.60 19.40 18.50 South Dakota .......: 17.50 16.90 16.80 : United States ......: 17.60 17.90 17.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 18.30 18.50 18.10 Oklahoma ...........: 12.90 (S) 12.50 : United States ......: 17.40 18.50 17.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 8.52 10.10 9.98 : United States ......: 8.52 10.10 9.98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : May : June : June : May : June : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- -------- dollars per ton ------- : Alabama ............: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Arizona ............: (D) (S) (S) (NA) (NA) (NA) Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) California .........: (D) (S) (S) (NA) (NA) (NA) Georgia ............: (D) 0.745 (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Louisiana ..........: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mississippi ........: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) North Carolina .....: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Tennessee ..........: (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Texas ..............: 0.670 0.650 0.731 (NA) (NA) (NA) : United States ......: 0.704 0.688 0.735 (NA) (NA) (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.704 0.688 0.735 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 258 790 293 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 10.20 12.90 13.30 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 15,444 11,963 9,403 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 9.54 12.10 12.30 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 12,720 9,695 7,010 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 14.30 17.50 17.90 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 10.40 12.80 13.20 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 13.40 16.20 16.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 2,724 2,268 2,393 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : May : June : June : May : June : June : May : June : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Alabama 1/ ...........: (NA) 98.00 (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) 93.00 (S) Alaska 1/ ............: (NA) 330.00 340.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) 330.00 340.00 Arizona ..............: 180.00 210.00 220.00 180.00 210.00 220.00 170.00 200.00 200.00 Arkansas 1/ ..........: (NA) 98.00 98.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) 97.00 California ...........: 167.00 194.00 187.00 175.00 210.00 200.00 140.00 135.00 145.00 Colorado .............: 170.00 190.00 200.00 170.00 190.00 200.00 175.00 190.00 200.00 Connecticut 1/ .......: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Delaware 1/ ..........: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Florida 1/ ...........: (NA) 146.00 156.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Georgia 1/ ...........: (NA) 74.00 95.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) : Hawaii 1/ ............: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Idaho ................: 131.00 137.00 146.00 130.00 135.00 145.00 150.00 160.00 160.00 Illinois .............: 131.00 136.00 142.00 150.00 150.00 160.00 85.00 95.00 100.00 Indiana 1/ ...........: (NA) 170.00 133.00 (NA) 210.00 170.00 (NA) 165.00 115.00 Iowa .................: 98.00 126.00 116.00 102.00 126.00 119.00 84.00 125.00 105.00 Kansas ...............: 108.00 144.00 150.00 115.00 160.00 166.00 81.00 116.00 103.00 Kentucky .............: 132.00 164.00 153.00 210.00 215.00 215.00 110.00 130.00 135.00 Louisiana 1/ .........: (NA) 98.00 98.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) 98.00 98.00 Maine 1/ .............: (NA) (S) 163.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Maryland 1/ ..........: (NA) (S) 152.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) 150.00 : Massachusetts 1/ .....: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Michigan .............: 144.00 155.00 126.00 155.00 160.00 130.00 110.00 145.00 110.00 Minnesota ............: 85.00 135.00 110.00 91.00 144.00 115.00 71.00 107.00 97.00 Mississippi 1/ .......: (NA) 91.00 90.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) 91.00 90.00 Missouri .............: 95.00 110.00 110.00 150.00 155.00 165.00 85.00 95.00 100.00 Montana ..............: 135.00 152.00 156.00 135.00 155.00 160.00 135.00 135.00 135.00 Nebraska .............: 83.00 104.00 108.00 86.00 114.00 122.00 74.00 70.00 70.00 Nevada ...............: 179.00 179.00 180.00 180.00 180.00 180.00 150.00 150.00 160.00 New Hampshire 1/ .....: (NA) (S) 137.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) New Jersey 1/ ........: (NA) (S) 141.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) : New Mexico ...........: 182.00 229.00 230.00 185.00 240.00 240.00 165.00 170.00 175.00 New York .............: 170.00 126.00 108.00 222.00 190.00 133.00 157.00 120.00 102.00 North Carolina 1/ ....: (NA) (S) 127.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) North Dakota .........: 123.00 113.00 111.00 125.00 116.00 113.00 93.00 70.00 71.00 Ohio .................: 152.00 193.00 164.00 180.00 215.00 180.00 110.00 135.00 115.00 Oklahoma .............: 113.00 112.00 95.00 129.00 193.00 185.00 100.00 96.00 85.00 Oregon ...............: 153.00 173.00 190.00 155.00 180.00 200.00 150.00 160.00 180.00 Pennsylvania .........: 148.00 142.00 142.00 157.00 160.00 155.00 146.00 133.00 139.00 Rhode Island 1/ ......: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) South Carolina 1/ ....: (NA) 155.00 147.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) : South Dakota .........: 116.00 112.00 104.00 118.00 116.00 106.00 102.00 95.00 90.00 Tennessee 1/ .........: (NA) 117.00 122.00 (NA) (S) 230.00 (NA) 115.00 120.00 Texas ................: 132.00 146.00 146.00 190.00 212.00 218.00 111.00 112.00 120.00 Utah .................: 125.00 150.00 160.00 125.00 150.00 160.00 110.00 125.00 125.00 Vermont 1/ ...........: (NA) (S) 142.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) 131.00 Virginia 1/ ..........: (NA) 144.00 144.00 (NA) (S) (S) (NA) 130.00 130.00 Washington ...........: 174.00 186.00 195.00 160.00 175.00 190.00 210.00 210.00 210.00 West Virginia 1/ .....: (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) (NA) (S) (S) Wisconsin ............: 107.00 156.00 144.00 113.00 171.00 148.00 74.00 109.00 118.00 Wyoming ..............: 124.00 158.00 159.00 125.00 165.00 165.00 120.00 140.00 140.00 : United States 2/ .....: 145.00 167.00 160.00 154.00 189.00 181.00 125.00 122.00 121.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ States added September 2017. 2/ United States price includes Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Prices Received for Apples - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Prices at point of first sale for other States] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Apples, fresh use State :----------------------------------------------------------- : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Michigan ...........: 0.330 0.300 0.315 New York ...........: 0.445 0.298 0.356 Pennsylvania .......: 0.346 0.381 0.375 Virginia ...........: (S) (S) (S) Washington .........: 0.358 0.295 0.283 : United States ......: 0.363 0.297 0.289 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: June 2017 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 18.00 (D) (D) 15.25 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) White ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Red .............................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas .............................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: (D) 17.93 (D) (D) 15.18 (D) (D) : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) California ........................: 62.40 47.15 52.57 (D) 40.90 46.18 (D) : United States .....................: 62.40 47.15 52.57 (D) 40.90 46.18 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 34.10 21.58 24.33 (D) 18.85 21.62 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 36.20 23.11 26.47 (S) 20.38 23.76 (S) Valencia ........................: 32.90 20.76 23.17 (D) 18.03 20.46 (D) Florida, all ......................: 34.50 (S) 23.35 (S) (S) 20.05 (S) Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Valencia ........................: 34.50 (S) 23.35 (S) (S) 20.05 (S) Texas, all ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 34.10 21.35 24.28 (D) 18.53 21.54 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: May 2018 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 19.51 (D) (D) 16.79 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) White ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Red .............................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas .............................: (S) (S) (S) (D) (S) (S) (D) : United States .....................: (D) 18.90 (D) (D) 16.25 (D) (D) : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) California ........................: 46.50 27.52 36.47 (D) 21.36 29.95 (D) : United States .....................: 46.50 27.52 36.47 (D) 21.36 29.95 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 39.70 23.47 29.80 (D) 20.66 27.04 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 41.60 24.42 31.68 (D) 21.61 28.92 (D) Valencia ........................: 35.80 21.42 25.88 (D) 18.62 23.12 (D) Florida, all ......................: 35.30 15.69 24.15 15.10 12.39 20.85 11.80 Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Valencia ........................: 35.30 15.69 24.15 15.10 12.39 20.85 11.80 Texas, all ........................: 37.10 20.16 25.51 (D) 18.37 23.68 (D) Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (D) (S) (S) (D) Valencia ........................: 37.20 25.60 25.60 (S) 23.77 23.77 (S) : United States .....................: 39.30 19.46 29.26 12.61 16.41 26.47 9.38 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: June 2018 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 17.27 (D) (D) 14.41 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) White ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Red .............................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas .............................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: (D) 17.27 (D) (D) 14.41 (D) (D) : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) California ........................: 49.10 35.53 39.07 (D) 29.14 32.55 (D) : United States .....................: 49.10 35.53 39.07 (D) 29.14 32.55 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 41.80 26.23 31.90 (D) 23.43 29.14 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 43.70 29.35 33.78 (D) 26.57 31.02 (D) Valencia ........................: 39.60 23.12 29.68 (D) 20.30 26.92 (D) Florida, all ......................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Early and mids ..................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 41.40 25.90 31.37 (D) 23.05 28.58 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 16.70 3.56 15.50 3.61 16.00 3.60 California .........: 16.56 3.75 15.66 3.77 15.63 3.74 Colorado ...........: 17.70 3.57 16.60 3.65 16.80 3.58 Florida ............: 20.80 3.64 19.60 3.59 20.40 3.61 Idaho ..............: 16.70 3.77 16.00 3.84 15.70 3.82 Illinois ...........: 17.90 3.72 16.40 3.80 16.30 3.74 Indiana ............: 17.10 3.60 15.50 3.64 15.50 3.59 Iowa ...............: 17.90 3.75 16.50 3.84 16.20 3.76 Kansas .............: 16.40 3.64 15.30 3.73 15.40 3.69 Michigan ...........: 15.80 3.60 14.80 3.57 14.80 3.52 : Minnesota ..........: 17.50 3.77 16.70 3.89 16.20 3.80 New Mexico .........: 15.80 3.51 14.80 3.60 15.00 3.56 New York ...........: 17.60 3.74 16.40 3.80 16.90 3.74 Ohio ...............: 17.90 3.72 16.10 3.67 16.10 3.64 Oregon .............: 19.60 3.82 19.20 3.97 19.10 3.93 Pennsylvania .......: 18.00 3.72 16.70 3.73 17.00 3.68 South Dakota .......: 18.80 3.99 17.60 4.10 17.00 3.97 Texas ..............: 17.70 3.92 17.00 3.97 17.20 3.91 Utah ...............: 17.10 3.63 16.20 3.77 16.10 3.70 Vermont ............: 18.30 3.76 17.00 3.87 17.40 3.79 : Virginia ...........: 18.60 3.65 17.20 3.69 17.60 3.65 Washington .........: 18.00 3.82 16.90 3.97 17.10 3.93 Wisconsin ..........: 17.90 3.70 16.70 3.82 16.50 3.75 : United States ......: 17.30 3.72 16.20 3.78 16.30 3.73 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: July 2018 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : July 2017 : April 2018 : July 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,700.00 1,550.00 1,450.00 California .........: 1,600.00 1,300.00 1,300.00 Colorado ...........: 1,850.00 1,550.00 1,450.00 Florida ............: 1,640.00 1,450.00 1,430.00 Idaho ..............: 1,700.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 Illinois ...........: 1,600.00 1,320.00 1,250.00 Indiana ............: 1,550.00 1,300.00 1,200.00 Iowa ...............: 1,540.00 1,310.00 1,220.00 Kansas .............: 1,700.00 1,550.00 1,450.00 Michigan ...........: 1,600.00 1,300.00 1,300.00 : Minnesota ..........: 1,520.00 1,340.00 1,170.00 New Mexico .........: 1,700.00 1,550.00 1,500.00 New York ...........: 1,530.00 1,230.00 1,200.00 Ohio ...............: 1,550.00 1,200.00 1,100.00 Oregon .............: 1,650.00 1,600.00 1,450.00 Pennsylvania .......: 1,510.00 1,250.00 1,250.00 South Dakota .......: 1,650.00 1,430.00 1,300.00 Texas ..............: 1,650.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 Utah ...............: 1,700.00 1,500.00 1,400.00 Vermont ............: 1,700.00 1,400.00 1,400.00 : Virginia ...........: 1,440.00 1,150.00 1,200.00 Washington .........: 1,750.00 1,400.00 1,400.00 Wisconsin ..........: 1,650.00 1,320.00 1,250.00 : United States ......: 1,620.00 1,360.00 1,320.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price : June : May : June : June : May : June : : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.598 17.70 17.70 17.60 25 30 29 Rice ....................cwt: 1.36 39.30 40.10 40.00 26 32 33 Corn .................bushel: 0.450 13.00 13.30 13.20 26 28 27 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.068 1.91 2.01 2.00 37 34 37 American Pima .......pound: 0.136 3.85 4.01 4.00 36 36 36 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.665 0.679 0.677 30 34 33 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.41 66.80 71.10 71.00 45 44 28 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.28 93.40 97.10 96.60 41 37 39 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.65 73.50 78.20 78.00 39 28 26 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.77 52.10 52.50 52.10 35 33 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.175 4.74 5.16 5.15 44 40 40 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.131 3.65 3.90 3.86 40 38 38 Mohair ................pound: 0.406 11.40 12.00 12.00 40 42 42 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.035 0.984 1.030 1.030 37 29 28 Barley ...............bushel: 0.506 14.30 14.90 14.90 31 30 31 Canola ..................cwt: 1.88 54.70 55.50 55.30 32 33 31 Cottonseed ..............ton: 20.20 590.00 596.00 595.00 34 26 26 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.26 93.40 96.50 96.00 33 28 24 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.15 33.30 33.90 33.90 26 30 29 Oats .................bushel: 0.292 8.45 8.62 8.60 32 36 35 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.11 33.10 32.80 32.70 31 35 36 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.760 22.20 22.50 22.40 25 27 32 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.11 31.50 32.80 32.70 29 30 29 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.18 62.80 64.30 64.20 28 28 28 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.737 19.20 21.80 21.70 79 75 66 Lemons ..................box: 1.87 50.60 55.20 55.10 81 39 53 Oranges .................box: 0.909 25.40 26.90 26.80 73 61 86 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.40 321.00 336.00 336.00 41 36 33 Broilers ..............pound: 0.051 1.45 1.51 1.50 46 48 49 Calves ..................cwt: 16.50 466.00 487.00 486.00 35 34 33 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.101 2.95 2.98 2.97 26 35 42 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.66 162.00 167.00 167.00 38 31 35 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 1.880 1.950 1.940 35 26 26 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : June : May : June : : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.394 10.60 11.70 11.60 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.32 94.90 98.30 97.70 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.72 77.80 80.30 80.10 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.629 18.30 18.60 18.50 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.24 64.80 66.10 65.90 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.73 49.20 51.10 50.90 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.04 59.00 60.80 60.10 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.184 5.24 5.49 5.42 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.254 7.26 7.50 7.48 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.180 5.15 5.37 5.30 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.171 4.92 5.08 5.03 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.228 6.54 6.73 6.71 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.196 5.47 5.81 5.77 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.20 567.00 578.00 595.00 Apricots : Fresh 3/ ..........................ton: 121.00 3,360.00 3,420.00 3,560.00 Dried (California) ................ton: 313.00 8,620.00 8,790.00 9,210.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 200.00 5,290.00 5,400.00 5,890.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 215.00 6,160.00 6,290.00 6,330.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.032 0.926 0.944 0.942 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.86 118.00 120.00 114.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 159.00 4,170.00 4,250.00 4,680.00 : Grapes (California) : Raisin variety 5/ .................ton: 147.00 4,050.00 4,130.00 4,330.00 Wine, processing ..................ton: 71.90 (NA) 2,020.00 2,120.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 105.00 3,010.00 3,070.00 3,090.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 72.90 1,940.00 1,980.00 2,150.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 106.00 2,870.00 2,920.00 3,120.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : June : May : June : : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.042 1.19 1.21 1.24 Peaches : Fresh 4/ 6/ ......................ton: 97.20 2,630.00 2,680.00 2,860.00 Dried (California) 1/ 5/ .........ton: 43.20 1,260.00 1,290.00 1,270.00 Processing, excludes dried : Clingstone (California) 4/ ....ton: 37.80 1,050.00 1,070.00 1,110.00 : Pears, Fresh 6/ ....................ton: 63.50 1,740.00 1,780.00 1,870.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 68.40 1,880.00 1,920.00 2,010.00 Prunes, dried (California) 1/ 2/ 5/ ton: 171.00 4,630.00 4,720.00 5,030.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 9.61 253.00 284.00 283.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.62 102.00 107.00 107.00 Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 5.10 148.00 151.00 150.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.47 101.00 102.00 102.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.242 6.83 6.96 7.12 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 235.00 6,740.00 6,880.00 6,920.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.237 6.83 6.96 6.98 Walnuts ............................ton: 236.00 6,770.00 6,910.00 6,950.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.78 79.00 82.30 81.80 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.59 130.00 135.00 135.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 1.98 58.70 58.40 58.30 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.02 55.50 59.60 59.50 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.43 66.50 71.70 71.50 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.41 39.60 41.60 41.50 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.05 116.00 120.00 119.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Sugarbeets: September 1 to August 31 for United States and all estimating States. Estimating States are California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming. Sugarcane: October 1 to September 30 for United States and all estimating States. Estimating States are Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Prices Received for Sugar Crops, Market Year Average and Value of Production - United States: 2017 [Final prices and value of production by States will be published in "Crop Values" February 2019. Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sugarbeets 1/ : Sugarcane 2/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : For sugar :Sugar and seed : Price : Value :------------------------------------------------- : : of : Price : Value of : Value of : : production : : production : production --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton 1,000 dollars dollars per ton ---- 1,000 dollars ---- : United States : 41.20 1,454,786 31.00 966,757 1,025,524 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming. 2/ Includes Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Parity Prices Parity prices based on data July 2018 and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed, are presented in the table on pages 28 through 33. Annual average prices for 2008 through 2017 for use in parity computations, and ten-year averages for 2007-2016 and 2008-2017 are shown on pages 34 through 43. Parity Prices shown on the following pages are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The major provisions of the amended Act relating to the calculation of parity prices are as follows: "(1) (A) The 'parity price' for any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be determined by multiplying the adjusted base price of such commodity as of such date by the parity index as of such date." "(B) The 'adjusted base price' of any agricultural commodity, as of any date, shall be (i) the average of the prices received by farmers for such commodity, at such time as the Secretary may select during each year of the ten-year period ending on the 31st of December last before such date, or during each marketing season beginning in such period if the Secretary determines use of a calendar year basis to be impracticable, divided by (ii) the ratio of the general level of prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive." "(C) The 'parity index', as of any date, shall be the ratio of (i) the general level of prices for articles and services that farmers buy, wages paid hired farm labor, interest on farm indebtedness secured by farm real estate, and taxes on farm real estate, for the calendar month ending last before such date to (ii) the general level of such prices, wages, rates, and taxes during the period January 1910 to December 1914, inclusive." "(D) The prices and indexes provided for herein, and the data used in computing them, shall be determined by the Secretary, whose determination shall be final." Section 301(a) (1) (F) outlines authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to make special adjustments in the method of computing parity prices for particular commodities if the method outlined in the Act results in parity prices seriously out of line with those of other commodities. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2018 it is the 2008-2017 average). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. The indexes used in the computation of parity prices are published currently in Agricultural Prices. For the purpose of illustrating the computation of parity prices, the calculation of the parity price for corn based on data for July 2018 is given below. The 120-month, January 2008-December 2017 average of prices received by farmers for corn was $4.59 per bushel, adjusted to allow for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. The 120-month average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans, etc., was 1020 (1910-1914=100). The adjusted base price is obtained by dividing $4.59 by 10.20 (0.450). The adjusted base price when multiplied by 2944 percent, the Parity Index (1910-1914=100), results in the corn parity price of $13.20 for July 2018 Prices Received For Average Base Period - United States: January 1910-December 1914 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit : Average Price -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All wheat ................dollars/bushel: 0.880 Rice rough ..................dollars/cwt: 1.81 Corn .....................dollars/bushel: 0.649 Oats .....................dollars/bushel: 0.399 All barley ...............dollars/bushel: 0.617 All hay, baled ..............dollars/ton: 11.90 Cotton, Upland ..............cents/pound: 11.92 Peanuts .....................cents/pound: 4.83 Cottonseed ..................dollars/ton: 21.80 Flaxseed .................dollars/bushel: 1.68 : Potatoes ....................dollars/cwt: 1.13 Sweet potatoes ..............dollars/cwt: 1.61 Dry edible beans ............dollars/cwt: 3.39 All beef cattle .............dollars/cwt: 5.52 Calves ......................dollars/cwt: 6.84 All hogs ....................dollars/cwt: 7.29 Lambs .......................dollars/cwt: 5.96 Sheep .......................dollars/cwt: 4.59 All milk ....................dollars/cwt: 1.61 All eggs ....................cents/dozen: 21.60 Turkeys, live ...............cents/pound: 14.30 Wool ........................cents/pound: 17.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Parity Ratio The parity ratio (the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the products they sell divided by the Parity Index (1910-1914=100) provides an indication of the per unit purchasing power of farm commodities generally in terms of the goods and services currently bought by farmers, in relation to purchasing power of farm products in the 1910-1914 base period. Thus, a Parity Ratio less than 100 indicates that the average per unit purchasing power of all farm products is lower than during the 1910-1914 period. The parity ratio is a measure of price relationships. The ratio is not a measure of farm income, farmers' total purchasing power, or farmers' welfare. The latter depends upon a number of factors other than price relationships, such as changes in production efficiency and technology, quantities of farm products sold, and supplementary income, including that from off-farm jobs and federal programs. An adjusted parity ratio is computed and published which incorporates supplementary income for federal farm programs. A "preliminary adjusted parity ratio reflecting government payments" based on the forecast of direct government payments for the year is published each quarter in Agricultural Prices. Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic commodities : All wheat 3/ ...............................bushel: 0.598 17.60 Rice 3/ .......................................cwt: 1.36 39.90 Corn 3/ ....................................bushel: 0.450 13.20 Cotton : Upland 3/ .................................pound: 0.068 2.00 American Pima .............................pound: 0.136 3.99 Peanuts .....................................pound: 0.023 0.675 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 .........................pound: 0.184 5.46 Fire-cured, 21-23 .........................pound: 0.254 7.45 Burley, 31 ................................pound: 0.180 5.34 Maryland, 32 ..............................pound: 0.171 5.05 Dark air-cured, 35-37 .....................pound: 0.228 6.69 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .................pound: 0.196 5.78 Small chickpeas ...............................cwt: 2.41 70.70 Large chickpeas ...............................cwt: 3.28 96.60 Lentils .......................................cwt: 2.65 77.80 Soybeans 3/ ................................bushel: 1.11 32.60 : Designated nonbasic commodities : All milk sold to plants .....................cwt: 1.77 52.20 Honey, wholesale ..........................pound: 0.175 5.14 : Wool and mohair : Wool 3/ ...................................pound: 0.131 3.87 Mohair ....................................pound: 0.406 11.90 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley 3/ ............................bushel: 0.506 14.90 Canola ......................................cwt: 1.88 55.20 Cottonseed ..................................ton: 20.20 593.00 Dry edible beans ............................cwt: 3.26 96.00 Flaxseed .................................bushel: 1.15 33.80 Hay, baled ..................................ton: 14.70 431.00 Hops ......................................pound: 0.394 11.60 Mustard seed ................................cwt: 3.32 97.70 Oats 3/ ..................................bushel: 0.292 8.57 : Peppermint oil 3/ .........................pound: 2.07 60.80 Potatoes, fresh .............................cwt: 1.11 32.60 Rapeseed ....................................cwt: 2.72 79.80 Rye ......................................bushel: 0.629 18.50 Safflower ...................................cwt: 2.24 65.70 Sorghum grain 3/ ............................cwt: 0.760 22.30 Spearmint oil .............................pound: 1.73 50.80 Sunflower ...................................cwt: 2.18 64.00 Sweet potatoes ..............................cwt: 2.04 60.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit 4/ ...............................box: 0.737 21.70 Lemons 4/ ...................................box: 1.87 54.90 Oranges 4/ ..................................box: 0.909 26.70 Tangerines 4/ ...............................box: 1.82 53.70 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples : Fresh 6/ ................................pound: 0.035 1.030 Processing 4/ .............................ton: 20.20 575.00 Apricots : Fresh .....................................ton: 121.00 3,400.00 Processing : Dried (California) 5/ ...................ton: 313.00 8,750.00 All .....................................ton: 44.50 1,230.00 Avocados 4/ .................................ton: 200.00 5,370.00 : Cherries : Sweet .....................................ton: 215.00 6,250.00 Tart 4/ .................................pound: 0.032 0.939 Cranberries 4/ ...........................barrel: 3.86 119.00 Dates (California) 7/ .......................ton: 159.00 4,230.00 Grapes : Raisin varieties dried (California) 5/ ....ton: 147.00 4,110.00 Wine, processing (California) .............ton: 71.90 2,010.00 Kiwifruit 4/ ................................ton: 105.00 3,050.00 Nectarines (California) : Fresh 7/ ..................................ton: 72.90 1,970.00 : Olives (California) 9/ : Processing : Crushed for oil .........................ton: 61.60 1,800.00 Excluding crushed .......................ton: 92.10 2,610.00 Canning .................................ton: 106.00 2,910.00 Papayas (Hawaii), fresh ...................pound: 0.042 1.200 Peaches : Fresh 6/ 9/ ...............................ton: 97.20 2,660.00 Processing : Dried (California) 8/ 5/ ................ton: 43.20 1,280.00 Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) 9/ ............ton: 37.80 1,060.00 Freestone 8/ ..........................ton: 31.70 869.00 : Pears : Fresh 6/ ..................................ton: 63.50 1,770.00 Processing 8/ : Excluding dried .........................ton: 28.00 760.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Deciduous and other fruit, continued : Plums (California) equiv on-tree : Fresh 10/ .................................ton: 68.40 1,910.00 Processing ................................ton: 14.00 340.00 Prunes, dried (California) 4/ 5/ ............ton: 171.00 4,700.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ...............................pound: 9.610 282.00 Processing ..............................pound: 3.620 106.00 Sugar crops : Sugarbeets 4/ 12/ .........................ton: 5.10 150.00 Sugarcane 4/ 12/ ..........................ton: 3.47 102.00 : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ...................................pound: 0.242 6.93 Hazelnuts ...................................ton: 235.00 6,840.00 Pecans, all .................................ton: 390.00 11,480.00 Pistachio, all ............................pound: 0.237 6.93 Walnuts .....................................ton: 236.00 6,870.00 : Vegetables, fresh 11/ : Asparagus ...................................cwt: 11.40 335.00 Broccoli 14/ ................................cwt: 3.92 115.00 Carrots 14/ .................................cwt: 2.78 81.90 Cauliflower 14/ .............................cwt: 4.59 135.00 Celery 14/ ..................................cwt: 1.98 58.10 Honeydew melons .............................cwt: 2.02 59.30 Lettuce .....................................cwt: 2.43 71.30 Onions 14/ ..................................cwt: 1.41 41.40 Sweet corn ..................................cwt: 2.72 79.80 Tomatoes ....................................cwt: 4.05 119.00 : Vegetables, processing 8/ : Asparagus ...................................ton: 148.00 4,340.00 Green peas ..................................ton: 33.60 989.00 Snap beans ..................................ton: 22.50 660.00 Sweet corn ..................................ton: 10.60 311.00 Tomatoes ....................................ton: 8.28 243.00 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle .................................cwt: 11.40 335.00 Broilers ..................................pound: 0.051 1.50 Calves ......................................cwt: 16.50 484.00 Eggs ......................................dozen: 0.101 2.96 Hogs ........................................cwt: 5.66 166.00 Turkeys ...................................pound: 0.066 1.94 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Discontinued nonbasic commodities 15/ : : Field crops and miscellaneous : Crude pine gum ...........................barrel: 13.90 408.00 Dry field peas ..............................cwt: 1.89 55.50 Popcorn .....................................cwt: 1.81 53.10 : Citrus (equiv on-tree) : Temples .....................................box: 0.372 10.90 : Deciduous and other fruit : Berries, processing : Blackberries ............................pound: 0.620 18.20 Black raspberries .......................pound: 0.106 3.11 Boysenberries/youngberries ..............pound: 0.088 2.58 Gooseberries ............................pound: 0.037 1.09 Loganberries ............................pound: 0.060 1.76 Red raspberries .........................pound: 0.084 2.47 Grapes, excluding raisin variety dried ......ton: 65.50 1,920.00 Nectarines, processing 17/ ..................ton: 4.21 124.00 Pears, dried ................................ton: 171.00 5,020.00 Prunes and Plums, fresh 16/ .................ton: 61.20 1,800.00 Prunes and Plums, processing 16/ ............ton: 23.80 699.00 : Vegetables, fresh : Artichokes ..................................cwt: 4.55 134.00 Cabbage .....................................cwt: 1.38 40.50 Cantaloupes .................................cwt: 2.13 62.50 Cucumbers ...................................cwt: 2.28 66.90 Eggplant ....................................cwt: 2.41 70.70 Escarole ....................................cwt: 3.10 91.00 Garlic ......................................cwt: 2.93 86.00 Green peppers ...............................cwt: 3.60 106.00 Snap beans ..................................cwt: 4.51 132.00 Spinach .....................................cwt: 3.95 116.00 Watermelon ..................................cwt: 0.846 24.80 : Vegetables, processing : Beets .......................................ton: 7.79 229.00 Cabbage .....................................ton: 6.01 176.00 Lima beans ..................................ton: 67.00 1,970.00 Spinach .....................................ton: 14.50 426.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commodity and unit :Adjusted base price 1/ : Parity price 2/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Discontinued nonbasic commodities 15/ : : Tobacco : Virginia fire-cured, 21 ...................pound: 0.254 7.45 Kentucky-Tennessee fire-cured, 22-23 ......pound: 0.319 9.36 Dark air-cured, 35-36 .....................pound: 0.282 8.28 Sun-cured, 37 .............................pound: 0.235 6.90 Cigar filler & binder 42-44, 54-55 ........pound: 0.222 6.52 Puerto Rican filler, 46 ...................pound: 0.155 4.55 Cigar binder, 51 16/ ......................pound: 0.629 18.50 Cigar wrapper, 61 16/ .....................pound: 2.430 71.30 Tobacco, 62 17/ ...........................pound: 3.300 96.90 : Seed crops : Alfalfa .....................................cwt: 19.300 566.00 Bentgrass ...................................cwt: 18.900 555.00 Chewings fescue .............................cwt: 10.000 294.00 Crimson clover ..............................cwt: 8.400 247.00 Hairy vetch .................................cwt: 5.810 171.00 Ladino clover ...............................cwt: 24.700 725.00 Lespedeza ...................................cwt: 8.310 244.00 Merion Kentucky bluegrass ...................cwt: 22.000 646.00 Orchardgrass ................................cwt: 7.160 210.00 Red clover ..................................cwt: 12.000 352.00 Red fescue ..................................cwt: 10.100 296.00 Tall fescue .................................cwt: 3.670 108.00 Timothy .....................................cwt: 6.400 188.00 : Livestock and products : Beeswax ...................................pound: 0.291 8.54 Lambs .......................................cwt: 11.700 343.00 Sheep .......................................cwt: 4.380 129.00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Adjusted Base Prices and Parity Prices - United States: January 2018 (continued) (NA) Not available. 1/ Adjusted base price 1910-1914 derived by dividing the average of 10 season average prices 2008-2017, including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations, by 988 percent (120-month, January 2008-December 2017 average of the index of prices received by farmers adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments) unless otherwise noted. 2/ Legal applicable parity prices for the following calendar month. 3/ Adjusted base price 1910-1914 derived from 120-month, January 2008- December 2017 average including an allowance where appropriate for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support operations. 4/ The latest marketing year average prices are not available until the June Non-citrus Fruit and Nut report is released. Therefore, the adjusted base prices are carried forward until July, except citrus items (excluding limes) and cranberries. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Prices are equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices "as sold" for other states. 7/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. 8/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 9/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 10/ Based on 'as sold' prices for fresh fruit in all states. 11/ Prices are average FOB shipping point. 12/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 13/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 14/ Includes some processing. 15/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for these items. Therefore, the adjusted base price is brought forward from July 1986. 16/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for this item. The adjusted base price is brought forward from 2016 17/ Monthly and/or season average prices are no longer estimated for this item. The adjusted base price is brought forward from 1988. 18/ Processing prices combined with fresh beginning in 2002. Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Simple average of monthly prices] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices received index, 1910-1914=100 ......percent: 947 832 850 1,032 1,083 1,104 1,113 : dollars : Basic commodities : Corn .....................................bushel: 4.78 3.75 3.83 6.02 6.67 6.15 4.11 Cotton, Upland ............................pound: 0.608 0.492 0.710 0.880 0.795 0.772 0.749 All wheat ................................bushel: 8.02 5.30 5.12 7.44 7.60 7.32 6.33 Peanuts ...................................pound: 0.21 0.24 0.21 0.25 0.34 0.27 0.23 Rice ........................................cwt: 16.20 15.20 13.20 13.70 14.50 15.70 15.60 Small chickpeas .............................cwt: 26.70 19.90 22.80 23.40 30.50 25.50 21.60 Large chickpeas .............................cwt: 35.30 31.10 28.50 39.20 41.20 34.90 28.80 Lentils .....................................cwt: 32.40 29.10 26.60 27.50 21.80 21.10 21.10 : Designated nonbasic commodities : All milk ....................................cwt: 18.30 12.80 16.30 20.10 18.50 20.10 24.00 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley .............................bushel: 5.00 4.83 4.00 4.79 5.98 6.26 5.65 All dry beans .............................cwt: 34.30 31.00 27.90 34.60 42.40 38.40 35.80 Flaxseed ...............................bushel: 15.40 8.60 10.20 14.20 13.60 14.30 13.20 All hay, baled ............................ton: 148.00 117.00 110.00 159.00 184.00 183.00 175.00 Oats ...................................bushel: 3.29 2.30 2.37 3.42 3.80 3.92 3.54 Sorghum ...................................cwt: 8.12 5.59 6.50 10.70 11.10 9.97 7.41 Soybeans ...............................bushel: 11.30 10.10 9.97 12.50 14.00 14.10 12.50 All sunflower .............................cwt: 25.30 18.70 16.80 29.10 27.80 23.50 21.60 : Fruit : Apples, fresh 2/ ........................pound: 0.394 0.233 0.262 0.325 0.411 0.408 0.376 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle ...............................cwt: 89.20 80.40 92.00 113.00 122.00 125.00 153.00 Broilers ................................pound: 0.466 0.453 0.492 0.459 0.511 0.604 0.638 Calves ....................................cwt: 114.00 108.00 121.00 142.00 173.00 174.00 255.00 Eggs ....................................dozen: 1.060 0.823 0.857 0.968 0.998 1.090 1.250 All hogs ..................................cwt: 47.70 42.00 55.10 66.50 64.20 67.20 77.10 Turkeys .................................pound: 0.564 0.499 0.612 0.680 0.719 0.665 0.732 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Calendar Year Average Prices and Index used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Simple average of monthly prices] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2008-2017 Average : : : :2007-2016:--------------------- Commodity and unit : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : Average : As :For parity : : : : :computed :purposes 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices received index, 1910-1914=100 ......percent: 1,024 934 966 978 989 1,020 : dollars : Basic commodities : Corn .....................................bushel: 3.71 3.48 3.36 4.59 4.59 4.59 Cotton, Upland ............................pound: 0.619 0.648 0.682 0.677 0.696 0.696 All wheat ................................bushel: 5.28 4.11 4.44 6.23 6.10 6.10 Peanuts ...................................pound: 0.21 0.19 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.24 Rice ........................................cwt: 12.50 11.50 11.00 13.90 13.90 13.90 Small chickpeas .............................cwt: 21.60 26.90 27.20 23.50 24.60 24.60 Large chickpeas .............................cwt: 29.10 32.50 34.70 32.90 33.50 33.50 Lentils .....................................cwt: 28.60 33.50 28.70 25.90 27.00 27.00 : Designated nonbasic commodities : All milk ....................................cwt: 17.10 16.30 17.70 18.30 18.10 18.10 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : All barley .............................bushel: 5.24 5.17 4.68 5.05 5.16 5.16 All dry beans .............................cwt: 29.90 28.90 29.70 32.90 33.30 33.30 Flaxseed ...............................bushel: 10.60 8.01 8.75 11.70 11.70 11.70 All hay, baled ............................ton:151.00 132.00 137.00 148.00 150.00 150.00 Oats ...................................bushel: 2.54 2.07 2.51 2.97 2.98 2.98 Sorghum ...................................cwt: 7.29 5.38 5.45 7.83 7.75 7.75 Soybeans ...............................bushel: 9.49 9.39 9.39 11.10 11.30 11.30 All sunflower .............................cwt: 22.50 19.10 17.50 22.10 22.20 22.20 : Fruit : Apples, fresh 2/ ........................pound: 0.319 0.431 0.408 0.348 0.357 0.357 : Livestock and products : Beef cattle ...............................cwt:148.00 120.00 120.00 113.00 116.00 116.00 Broilers ................................pound: 0.529 0.478 0.546 0.507 0.518 0.518 Calves ....................................cwt:263.00 163.00 165.00 164.00 168.00 168.00 Eggs ....................................dozen: 1.650 0.768 0.866 1.040 1.030 1.030 All hogs ..................................cwt: 53.50 49.60 53.60 57.00 57.70 57.70 Turkeys .................................pound: 0.811 0.825 0.645 0.663 0.675 0.675 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes an allowance for price support operations as authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture, January 30, 1956. This entry is omitted for commodities not affected by the adjustment. 2/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), Pennsylvania (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic Commodities : Cotton, American Pima ......pound: 0.990 1.170 1.790 1.450 1.240 1.720 Tobacco : Flue-cured 11-14 .........pound: 1.757 1.754 1.690 1.682 1.983 2.115 Fire-cured 21-23 .........pound: 2.460 2.468 2.467 2.557 2.578 2.625 Burley 31 ................pound: 1.669 1.709 1.549 1.751 1.968 2.061 Maryland 32 ..............pound: (D) 1.600 1.550 1.550 (D) 1.900 Dark air-cured 35-37 .....pound: 2.246 2.242 2.242 2.278 2.287 2.352 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 pound: 1.700 1.700 1.750 1.700 1.950 2.100 : Designated nonbasic commodities : Honey ......................pound: 1.421 1.473 1.619 1.765 1.992 2.141 : Wool and mohair 1/ : Wool .....................pound: 0.980 0.790 1.150 1.670 1.520 1.450 Mohair ...................pound: 3.31 2.65 3.49 4.16 3.89 4.23 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : Canola .....................cwt: 18.70 16.20 19.30 24.00 26.50 20.60 Cottonseed .................ton:223.00 158.00 161.00 260.00 252.00 246.00 Hops .....................pound: 4.03 3.57 3.28 3.14 3.17 3.35 Mustard seed ...............cwt: 43.80 30.40 25.90 33.60 35.80 37.20 Peppermint oil ...........pound: 15.90 20.10 20.30 23.10 24.10 23.90 Potatoes ...................cwt: 9.09 8.25 9.20 9.41 8.63 9.75 Rapeseed ...................cwt: 25.30 26.30 23.40 27.00 26.10 25.10 Rye .....................bushel: 6.35 5.06 5.18 7.81 7.69 7.95 Safflower ..................cwt: 24.80 17.10 17.20 24.40 27.60 27.90 Spearmint oil ............pound: 14.90 16.50 16.20 18.60 19.50 18.90 Sweet potatoes .............cwt: 21.20 21.80 19.80 18.80 17.40 24.10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :--------------------- : : : : :2007-2016 :2008-2017 Commodity and unit : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : Period : Period ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Basic Commodities : Cotton, American Pima ......pound: 1.550 1.180 1.370 1.450 1.340 1.390 Tobacco : Flue-cured 11-14 .........pound: 2.026 1.873 1.960 2.004 1.840 1.880 Fire-cured 21-23 .........pound: 2.673 2.683 2.697 2.696 2.560 2.590 Burley 31 ................pound: 1.942 1.929 1.923 1.935 1.810 1.840 Maryland 32 ..............pound: 1.950 1.800 1.860 1.800 1.730 1.740 Dark air-cured 35-37 .....pound: 2.380 2.366 2.390 2.398 2.300 2.320 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 pound: 2.100 2.200 2.470 2.360 1.930 2.000 : Designated nonbasic commodities : Honey ......................pound: 2.173 2.083 2.075 (NA) 1.670 (NA) : Wool and mohair 1/ : Wool .....................pound: 1.460 1.450 1.450 1.470 1.280 1.340 Mohair ...................pound: 4.85 5.30 4.56 5.00 4.01 4.14 : Other nonbasic commodities : Field crops and miscellaneous : Canola .....................cwt: 16.90 15.60 16.60 17.40 19.30 19.20 Cottonseed .................ton:194.00 227.00 195.00 139.00 208.00 206.00 Hops .....................pound: 3.67 4.38 5.72 5.92 3.73 4.02 Mustard seed ...............cwt: 34.80 31.80 32.70 32.70 33.40 33.90 Peppermint oil ...........pound: 23.00 21.80 20.90 18.30 20.70 21.10 Potatoes ...................cwt: 8.88 8.76 9.08 10.30 8.84 Rapeseed ...................cwt: 34.90 43.20 25.20 20.00 27.40 27.70 Rye .....................bushel: 7.74 6.50 5.12 4.75 6.44 6.42 Safflower ..................cwt: 25.00 24.50 20.70 18.60 22.80 22.80 Spearmint oil ............pound: 19.80 18.30 17.30 16.20 17.30 17.60 Sweet potatoes .............cwt: 23.90 21.80 20.70 18.40 20.80 20.80 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Fruit, citrus (equivalent on-tree) 2/ : Grapefruit ..........................box: 4.80 4.37 6.76 7.09 7.65 6.52 Lemons ..............................box: 26.59 8.32 11.29 10.93 15.13 12.05 Oranges .............................box: 6.74 6.62 7.67 8.31 10.14 8.27 Tangerines ..........................box: 14.25 14.77 14.70 17.74 19.16 22.48 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples 3/ : Processing ........................ton: 198.00 132.00 187.00 226.00 281.00 197.00 Apricots : Fresh 4/ ..........................ton: 918.00 1,150.00 1,350.00 1,050.00 1,140.00 1,190.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:2,360.00 2,970.00 2,860.00 2,720.00 2,470.00 2,980.00 All .............................ton: 350.00 371.00 368.00 357.00 387.00 415.00 Avocados ............................ton:1,850.00 1,440.00 2,750.00 1,540.00 1,680.00 1,970.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton:2,390.00 1,330.00 2,330.00 2,530.00 2,020.00 2,610.00 Tart ............................pound: 0.377 0.192 0.222 0.300 0.594 0.359 Cranberries ......................barrel: 58.10 44.20 43.90 44.80 47.90 32.40 Dates (California) ..................ton:1,260.00 1,180.00 1,270.00 1,320.00 1,340.00 1,220.00 Grapes : Raisin varieties : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:1,130.00 1,130.00 1,510.00 1,660.00 1,880.00 1,630.00 Wine, processing (California) .....ton: 610.00 612.00 574.00 637.00 773.00 753.00 Kiwifruit 6/ ........................ton: 888.00 847.00 768.00 775.00 1,020.00 1,110.00 Nectarines : Fresh 6/ 7/ .......................ton: 367.00 631.00 553.00 582.00 767.00 837.00 Olives (California) : Processing 8/ : Crushed for oil .................ton: 670.00 540.00 532.00 556.00 550.00 582.00 Excluding crushed ...............ton: 705.00 814.00 692.00 987.00 1,040.00 1,000.00 Canning 8/ ........................ton: 767.00 855.00 862.00 1,060.00 1,110.00 1,110.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2007-2016:2008-2017 Commodity and unit : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : Period : Period -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Fruit, citrus (equivalent on-tree) 2/ : Grapefruit ..........................box: 7.25 7.44 10.64 12.65 6.77 7.52 Lemons ..............................box: 25.40 25.10 27.44 28.78 17.80 19.10 Oranges .............................box: 11.64 10.60 10.56 12.14 9.04 9.27 Tangerines ..........................box: 27.96 18.85 17.70 18.83 18.20 18.60 : Deciduous and other fruit : Apples 3/ : Processing ........................ton: 178.00 201.00 215.00 248.00 201.00 206.00 Apricots : Fresh 4/ ..........................ton:1,360.00 1,580.00 1,200.00 1,400.00 1,180.00 1,230.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:2,410.00 3,990.00 6,170.00 (D) 3,040.00 3,190.00 All .............................ton: 462.00 594.00 653.00 580.00 428.00 454.00 Avocados ............................ton:1,880.00 1,890.00 2,720.00 2,700.00 1,950.00 2,040.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton:2,140.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,060.00 2,170.00 2,190.00 Tart ............................pound: 0.355 0.347 0.274 0.224 0.329 0.324 Cranberries ......................barrel: 30.90 31.00 30.60 30.20 41.50 39.40 Dates (California) ..................ton:1,510.00 1,560.00 1,790.00 2,840.00 1,500.00 1,620.00 Grapes : Raisin varieties : Dried (California) 5/ ...........ton:1,710.00 1,560.00 1,110.00 1,670.00 1,440.00 1,500.00 Wine, processing (California) .....ton: 759.00 781.00 905.00 927.00 697.00 733.00 Kiwifruit 6/ ........................ton:1,190.00 1,470.00 1,570.00 1,050.00 1,060.00 1,070.00 Nectarines : Fresh 6/ ..........................ton: 906.00 944.00 911.00 940.00 684.00 744.00 Olives (California) : Processing 8/ : Crushed for oil .................ton: 614.00 723.00 706.00 810.00 625.00 628.00 Excluding crushed ...............ton:1,020.00 1,120.00 1,040.00 974.00 906.00 939.00 Canning 8/ ........................ton:1,170.00 1,300.00 1,213.00 1,320.00 1,010.00 1,080.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : : : : : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Papayas, fresh (Hawaii) .............pound: 0.455 0.467 0.380 0.350 (NA) 0.360 : Peaches : Fresh 4/ ............................ton: 684.00 811.00 788.00 825.00 967.00 956.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) ................ton: 452.00 359.00 278.00 411.00 327.00 419.00 Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) .........ton: 347.00 338.00 325.00 303.00 348.00 364.00 Freestone .......................ton: 239.00 263.00 257.00 261.00 254.00 288.00 : Pears : Fresh 9/ ............................ton: 589.00 458.00 599.00 451.00 656.00 599.00 Processing 3/ : Excluding dried ...................ton: 227.00 224.00 243.00 237.00 238.00 276.00 : Plums (California) : Fresh ...............................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Processing ..........................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Prunes, dried (California) 3/ .........ton:1,500.00 1,230.00 1,350.00 1,310.00 1,330.00 2,000.00 : Strawberries : Fresh 10/ 11/ .....................pound: 0.841 0.861 0.908 0.940 0.915 0.965 Processing ..........................cwt: 36.000 30.900 29.200 34.800 33.400 34.900 : Sugar crops 12/ : Sugarbeets ..........................ton: 48.10 51.50 66.90 69.40 66.40 46.60 Sugarcane for sugar .................ton: 29.50 34.80 41.70 47.20 41.90 31.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2007-2016:2008-2017 Commodity and unit : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : Period : Period ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Papayas, fresh (Hawaii) .............pound: 0.480 (D) (D) (D) 0.426 0.429 : Peaches : Fresh 4/ ............................ton:1,190.00 1,100.00 1,220.00 1,370.00 925.00 991.00 Processing 3/ : Dried (California) ................ton: 493.00 588.00 583.00 496.00 444.00 441.00 Excluding dried : Clingstone (California) .........ton: 369.00 470.00 518.00 474.00 369.00 386.00 Freestone .......................ton: 360.00 418.00 442.00 444.00 302.00 323.00 : Pears : Fresh 9/ ............................ton: 703.00 769.00 776.00 875.00 613.00 648.00 Processing 3/ : Excluding dried ...................ton: 287.00 341.00 406.00 383.00 269.00 286.00 : Plums (California) : Fresh ...............................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Processing ..........................ton: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Prunes, dried (California) 3/ .........ton:2,470.00 2,050.00 2,180.00 1,970.00 1,690.00 1,740.00 : Strawberries : Fresh 10/ 11/ .....................pound: 1.050 0.799 1.270 1.250 0.937 0.980 Processing ..........................cwt: 42.600 46.700 46.900 33.600 36.300 36.900 : Sugar crops 12/ : Sugarbeets ..........................ton: 46.00 47.20 35.70 41.20 52.80 52.00 Sugarcane for sugar .................ton: 34.70 31.20 32.60 31.00 35.20 35.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Commodity and unit : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : : : : : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ....................pound: 1.45 1.65 1.79 1.99 2.58 3.21 Hazelnuts ....................ton:1,620.00 1,690.00 2,410.00 2,330.00 1,830.00 2,680.00 Pecans, all ................pound: 1.340 1.430 2.300 2.430 1.570 1.730 Pistachio, all .............pound: 2.05 1.67 2.22 1.98 2.61 3.48 Walnuts ......................ton:1,280.00 1,710.00 2,040.00 2,900.00 3,030.00 3,710.00 : Mushrooms, all ...............pound: 1.18 1.17 1.17 1.18 1.22 1.24 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Asparagus ....................cwt: 103.00 108.00 122.00 122.00 117.00 131.00 Broccoli .....................cwt: 36.20 39.80 37.60 35.40 33.80 43.20 Carrots ......................cwt: 24.50 25.20 26.60 32.50 26.60 28.60 Cauliflower ..................cwt: 40.70 44.30 41.80 46.80 35.90 44.50 Celery 14/ ...................cwt: 18.50 20.10 18.60 19.70 18.20 25.80 Honeydew melons ..............cwt: 17.80 15.60 15.50 22.10 20.70 20.90 Lettuce, head ................cwt: 20.10 22.40 21.10 23.00 17.70 26.70 Onions 14/ ...................cwt: 11.90 15.00 15.60 10.90 14.20 15.00 Sweet corn ...................cwt: 26.00 29.50 25.90 26.70 26.30 28.20 Tomatoes .....................cwt: 45.30 40.40 48.20 36.10 30.50 44.60 : Vegetables, processing 3/ : Asparagus ....................ton:1,360.00 1,330.00 1,360.00 1,510.00 1,570.00 1,570.00 Green peas ...................ton: 360.00 319.00 287.00 416.00 434.00 427.00 Snap beans ...................ton: 219.00 191.00 192.00 235.00 271.00 320.00 Sweet corn ...................ton: 120.00 104.00 85.30 116.00 127.00 140.00 Tomatoes .....................ton: 79.80 87.20 72.50 75.60 76.70 90.10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Market Year Average Prices used to Calculate Agricultural Commodity Parity Prices - United States: 2008-2017 (continued) [Average used to compute "adjusted base prices". Averages for 2017 and 2008-2017 are preliminary. Prices are the averages for the marketing season computed by weighting state prices by quantities sold] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : Ten-year Average : : : : :------------------- : : : : :2007-2016:2008-2017 Commodity and unit : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : Period : Period ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Tree nuts 13/ : Almonds ....................pound: 4.00 3.13 2.39 2.53 2.39 2.47 Hazelnuts ....................ton:3,600.00 2,800.00 2,700.00 2,300.00 2,370.00 2,400.00 Pecans, all ................pound: 1.960 2.200 2.590 2.330 1.870 1.990 Pistachio, all .............pound: 3.57 3.29 1.68 1.69 2.40 2.42 Walnuts ......................ton:3,340.00 1,670.00 1,850.00 2,530.00 2,380.00 2,410.00 : Mushrooms, all ...............pound: 1.24 1.28 1.26 1.32 1.21 1.23 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Asparagus ....................cwt: 106.00 116.00 115.00 118.00 114.00 116.00 Broccoli .....................cwt: 40.70 49.10 38.20 46.00 39.10 40.00 Carrots ......................cwt: 27.10 30.50 32.20 30.10 27.60 28.40 Cauliflower ..................cwt: 50.10 61.50 55.60 47.00 45.60 46.80 Celery 14/ ...................cwt: 17.10 24.80 18.50 20.60 20.20 20.20 Honeydew melons ..............cwt: 23.70 22.60 19.10 28.00 19.60 20.60 Lettuce, head ................cwt: 24.40 29.10 27.30 36.40 23.40 24.80 Onions 14/ ...................cwt: 13.60 15.50 16.80 15.00 14.00 14.40 Sweet corn ...................cwt: 28.70 28.20 28.40 29.10 27.10 27.70 Tomatoes .....................cwt: 41.50 46.30 42.50 37.30 41.00 41.30 : Vegetables, processing 3/ : Asparagus ....................ton:1,530.00 1,650.00 1,680.00 1,560.00 1,480.00 1,510.00 Green peas ...................ton: 367.00 320.00 255.00 249.00 344.00 343.00 Snap beans ...................ton: 250.00 233.00 191.00 190.00 227.00 229.00 Sweet corn ...................ton: 113.00 103.00 88.00 79.00 108.00 108.00 Tomatoes .....................ton: 99.30 93.70 87.40 82.80 83.40 84.50 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Average local market price; does not include incentive payment per pound, the 2007-2016 and 2008-2017 averages for parity purposes include this allowance. 2/ Consistent with legislation quoted in this report, citrus prices shown for 2017 relate to the citrus crop designated as 2016-2017 in the production reports. 3/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 4/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse-door. Includes some processing beginning in 2002. 7/ Processed estimates discontinued in 2009. 8/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 9/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (applies only starting in 1985), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Prices "as sold" for other states. 10/ Average F.O.B. shipping point prices. 11/ Includes strawberries for processing in states where the processing crop is not estimated separately. 12/ Prices include average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 13/ Prices on in-shell basis except almonds which are on shelled basis. 14/ Includes some processing. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also the modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. June Prices Paid by Farmers The June Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 108.8, is down 0.2 percent from May 2018 but up 2.0 percent from June 2017. Production: The June index, at 106.1, is down 0.4 percent from May but up 1.3 percent from last year. Lower prices for feeder pigs, herbicides, hay and forages, and complete feeds more than offset higher prices for other services, feeder cattle, supplies, and diesel. Feed: At 101.3, the June index decreased 1.1 percent from May but increased 7.1 percent from last June. Since May, the prices for hay and forages, complete feeds, concentrates, supplements, and feed grains are all lower. Livestock and poultry: The June index, at 101.6, decreased 1.6 percent from May and 5.9 percent from last year. Since May, lower prices for feeder pigs more than offset higher prices for feeder cattle. The June feeder cattle price, at $144.00 per cwt, is up $2.00 from the May price. June feeder pigs averaged $102.00 per cwt, down $41.00 from May. Fertilizer: The index for June, at 65.8, is down 0.8 percent from May and 3.7 percent below June a year ago. Since May, lower prices for nitrogen and mixed fertilizer more than higher prices for potash and phosphate. Chemicals: The June index, at 103.7, is down 2.2 percent from May and 0.8 percent from last June. Fuels: At 69.5, the June index is down 0.4 percent from May but up 19 percent from June 2017. Compared with May, prices are higher for diesel but lower for LP gas and gasoline. Machinery: The index for June, at 118.1, was unchanged from May but 0.4 percent above last June. Consumer Price Index: The June 2018 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 2.9 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 251.989 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.2 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : June : May : June : June : May : June Ratios : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 2887 2951 2944 106.7 109.0 108.8 Production ....................: 2180 2217 2209 104.7 106.5 106.1 Feed ........................: 1042 1128 1116 94.6 102.4 101.3 Livestock and poultry .......: 2133 2039 2007 108.0 103.3 101.6 Seeds .......................: 3934 3885 3885 119.7 118.2 118.2 Fertilizer ..................: 822 798 793 68.3 66.3 65.8 Chemicals ...................: 939 952 931 104.5 106.0 103.7 Fuels .......................: 1629 1952 1944 58.2 69.8 69.5 Supplies and repairs ........: 1272 1301 1305 107.9 110.3 110.6 : Autos and trucks ............: 3264 3246 3250 106.2 105.6 105.7 Machinery ...................: 7188 7220 7215 117.6 118.1 118.1 Building materials ..........: 2567 2716 2733 110.3 116.7 117.5 Services and rent ...........: 2492 2471 2478 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 112.9 114.3 114.9 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 123.8 119.5 119.5 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4092 4327 4327 112.2 118.7 118.7 Taxes 2/ ......................: 6904 6952 6952 116.3 117.1 117.1 Wage rates ....................: 8466 8780 8780 118.2 122.6 122.6 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2327 2390 2394 108.9 111.9 112.0 : Production, interest, taxes, ....: and wage rates (PITW) .........: 2999 3062 3052 106.4 108.6 108.2 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 92 87 87 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 35 33 33 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 36 34 34 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1486 1600 1600 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.2 110.0 109.9 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 105.1 108.0 107.5 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 103.8 105.8 104.7 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 105.3 106.9 106.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.026 for 2018 and the revised factor is 1.026 for 2017. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : : June : May : June : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 74.9 73.5 104.7 106.5 106.1 : Feed ......................: 13.4 13.3 94.6 102.4 101.3 Feed grains .............: 1.9 1.9 58.0 62.1 62.0 Complete feeds ..........: 6.6 6.5 102.4 108.8 108.1 Hay and forages .........: 1.7 1.6 94.2 105.6 102.5 Concentrates ............: 2.1 2.1 96.6 110.6 109.1 Supplements .............: 1.1 1.2 108.1 113.5 112.3 Livestock and poultry .....: 10.3 8.2 108.0 103.3 101.6 Feeder cattle ...........: 8.0 6.4 109.2 103.9 104.8 Feeder pigs .............: 0.8 0.6 90.0 102.1 72.9 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.9 0.7 115.5 95.8 95.8 Poultry .................: 0.6 0.5 107.0 107.0 107.0 : Seeds .....................: 5.1 5.3 119.7 118.2 118.2 Field crops .............: 4.6 4.8 119.2 116.9 116.9 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 125.1 131.0 131.0 Fertilizer ................: 5.8 5.2 68.3 66.3 65.8 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.6 2.3 65.9 67.6 67.0 Nitrogen ................: 2.4 2.2 71.1 66.7 65.8 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.8 0.7 67.1 61.2 62.0 Chemicals .................: 3.3 3.6 104.5 106.0 103.7 Herbicides ..............: 2.0 2.3 106.9 108.3 105.9 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 103.6 104.4 102.1 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 95.2 98.5 96.3 : Fuels .....................: 2.5 2.4 58.2 69.8 69.5 Diesel ..................: 1.6 1.5 54.9 65.5 66.1 Gasoline ................: 0.5 0.5 63.0 72.2 71.8 LP gas ..................: 0.4 0.4 64.8 82.5 79.1 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.4 4.6 107.9 110.3 110.6 Supplies ................: 1.5 1.6 107.6 110.7 111.3 Repairs .................: 2.9 3.0 108.0 110.1 110.2 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.2 1.3 106.2 105.6 105.7 Autos ...................: 0.1 0.2 100.6 99.8 100.0 Trucks ..................: 1.1 1.1 107.0 106.5 106.6 : Machinery .................: 5.6 5.6 117.6 118.1 118.1 Tractors ................: 1.2 1.2 112.8 112.1 112.1 Self-propelled ..........: 2.3 2.3 120.3 120.6 120.6 Other machinery .........: 2.1 2.1 117.6 119.0 118.9 Building materials ........: 3.9 4.0 110.3 116.7 117.5 Services ..................: 11.5 12.1 112.9 114.3 114.9 Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 Other services ..........: 10.3 10.8 112.8 114.3 114.9 Rent ......................: 7.9 7.9 123.8 119.5 119.5 Cash ....................: 4.3 4.2 130.4 126.1 126.1 Share ...................: 3.6 3.7 116.1 111.8 111.8 : Interest ....................: 2.2 2.4 112.2 118.7 118.7 Taxes .......................: 3.2 3.3 116.3 117.1 117.1 Wage rates ..................: 6.5 7.1 118.2 122.6 122.6 Family living-CPI ...........: 13.2 13.7 108.9 111.9 112.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 6.7 6.5 7.0 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 4.5 6.9 9.3 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 18.1 14.0 16.5 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.31 1.90 1.98 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 38.8 33.2 31.6 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 7.4 5.1 5.3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.660 0.720 0.730 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.377 0.619 0.818 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 62.10 51.50 59.10 Milk, all .......................cwt: 17.30 16.20 16.30 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 133.00 122.00 113.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.658 0.498 0.508 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.43 3.67 3.58 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 154.00 189.00 181.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 9.10 9.84 9.55 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 4.37 5.39 5.17 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: June 2018 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : June 2017 : May 2018 : June 2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 150.00 142.00 144.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 126.00 143.00 102.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. Information Contacts General Jody McDaniel, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................. (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section............................................................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Jannety Mosley - Barley, Crop Weather.................................................................. (202) 720-7621 Sammy Neal - Peanuts, Rice............................................................................. (202) 720-7688 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum...................................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower.................................. (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables, and Special Crops Section................................. (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Apricots, Bananas, Cherries, Garlic, Lettuce, Mint, Papaya, Pears, Strawberries, Tomatoes ............................................................................................ (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Avocados, Cauliflower, Celery, Citrus, Coffee, Dates, Figs, Kiwifruit, Nectarines, Olives, Green Peas, Taro, Watermelons ................................................... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Blackberries, Blueberries, Boysenberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Sugar Beets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ............................... (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Austrian Winter Peas, Cantaloupes, Dry Beans, Dry Edible Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Mushrooms, Peaches, Snap Beans................................................... (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chile Peppers, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Maple Syrup, Tree Nuts, Spinach...................................................................... (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Lima Beans, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.............................................................................................. (202) 720-4288 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 720-3570 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 720-3570 Heidi Gleich - Cattle and Cattle on Feed............................................................... (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Tony Dorn, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................... (202) 690-3223 Fatema Haque - Broilers................................................................................ (202) 720-3244 Kim Linonis - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Erica Sadler - Honey................................................................................... (202) 720-6147 Vacant - Turkeys....................................................................................... (202) 690-3237 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Jody McDaniel, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................. (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Daryl Brinkman - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 720-8844 Kuan Chen - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-3347 Ryan Cowen - Cash Rents, Grazing Fees, Land Values, Farms and Land in Farms............................ (202) 690-3231 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df