Crop Progress - State Stories ISSN: 2470-9816 Released January 26, 2021, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). ALABAMA: January temperatures were generally on par with historic averages. Total rainfall for the month ranged from 0.8 inch to 5.7 inches. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 23 percent of the State was experiencing abnormally dry conditions by month's end, compared to 8 percent at the beginning of the month. As a whole, agricultural activities were normal for the time of year, with no extraordinary events or pest pressure to report. Winter wheat was progressing well, and its condition was average to above average, depending on location. Strawberries were progressing nicely. Cattle remained in mostly good condition. The growth of winter grazing ranged from insufficient to abundant, with southern counties having the best growth. Correspondingly, the quantity of hay and other supplements provided by livestock producers was based on the availability of grazing. Hay stocks remained adequate throughout the State. In addition to normal field activities for this time of year, some producers continued to work on repairing or rebuilding structures that were damaged by Hurricanes Sally and Zeta. ALASKA: DATA NOT AVAILABLE ARIZONA: This report for Arizona is for the entire month of January 2021. By the end of the month, 75 percent of barley has been planted and 62 percent has emerged, according to the Mountain Regional Field Office of the National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA. Sixty percent of Durum wheat has been planted and 50 percent has emerged. Alfalfa conditions were rated mostly excellent to good, depending on location last week with harvesting taking place on more than three-quarters of the alfalfa acreage across the State. For the entire State, pasture and range conditions were rated mostly very poor to poor. Severe to exceptional dryness in the entire State continues to affect pasture and range conditions, forage growth, crop progress, soil moisture, stream water, and stock tanks. Small grain farmers have been facing planting issues due to drought conditions and ranchers have continued to reduce their herds or ship livestock out of state. Some rain was received in multiple areas of the State, but not enough precipitation was received to improve moisture conditions. ARKANSAS: The month of January had slightly above normal temperatures and above average rainfall. Cattle producers reported cattle were in good condition and hay feeding continued with some facing hay shortages. Some producers reported fieldwork had to be suspended due to large amounts of rain, while other producers in the State reported conditions were good and fertilization for wheat was beginning. Cover crops growth was low in areas with late planting, while doing well in other areas. The State average rainfall was 4.04 inches for the month of January with an average temperature of about 41 degrees. Overall, rainfall has been plentiful for some areas for this time of year in the State and average temperatures are slightly above normal. CALIFORNIA: Topsoil moisture 45% very short, 30% short, 20% adequate and 5% surplus. Subsoil moisture 20% very short, 50% short, and 30% adequate. Temperatures for the month averaged 51.0 degrees, 4.0 degrees above normal. Statewide average monthly precipitation was 0.7 inch. In almond, walnut and pistachio nut orchards, pruning and field prep continued including installing and repairing irrigation, knocking off mummies and applying gypsum applications. Bees were transported to the State in preparation for the almond pollination. The Winter wheat crop is in need of much needed moisture. With dry conditions, the dry land wheat fields need rainfall to continue growing successfully. Alfalfa was growing slowly with the cooler weather. Deciduous trees and stone fruit groves we pruned. Citrus trees were being irrigated and treated for pests. Wind machines and other crop protection measure were used to protect citrus from freeze damage. COLORADO: This report for Colorado is for the entire month of January 2021. Topsoil moisture 40% very short, 39% short, 21% adequate. Subsoil moisture 40% very short, 43% short, 17% adequate. Winter wheat condition 18% very poor, 18% poor, 47% fair, 16% good, 1% excellent. Livestock condition 2% very poor, 6% poor, 30% fair, 54% good, 8% excellent. Pasture and range condition 27% very poor, 44% poor, 25% fair, 4% good. Minimal moisture received during the month of January resulted in diminished topsoil moisture supplies across the State. Warm and windy weather, detrimental to winter wheat, was reported. A reporter noted some winter wheat had been chiseled in to prevent blowing. In southwestern counties, a reporter noted winter snowpack was good, which was helping to improve soil moisture conditions. In the San Luis Valley, dry conditions persisted and a reporter noted that hay supplies were minimal. In southeastern counties, conditions were noted as extremely dry and moisture was needed. As of January 21, 2021, snowpack in Colorado was 72 percent measured as percent of median snowfall. DELAWARE: The State experienced high moisture conditions, which made many fields too wet to get on, while still seeing 2020 corn and soybeans in some fields. One farmer reported buying tracks for his combine so he could harvest his 2020 soybean crop. It dries somewhat - then it rains again. Temperatures go down - then go up - which is not good for anything. A fraction of small grain acreage was not planted this year due to excessive precipitation. FLORIDA: January temperatures were on average 3.1 degrees cooler to 3.2 degrees warmer than historical values depending on location. Total rainfall for the month ranged from 0.1 inch in multiple locations to 8.6 inches in Jefferson County. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 12 percent of the State was moderately dry in January and no areas experienced drought conditions. Pasture conditions remained mostly fair to good. However, seasonal pasture decline was noted across the State. Cattle conditions remained mostly good throughout the State. Sugarcane planting and harvesting continued, with no damage reported as a result of cold temperature that were experienced during the third week of January. Fungal problems were reported to be under control in the State, but disease in strawberries was noted late in the month. Vegetable growers began terminating fall crops and started planting spring crops. Crops marketed included tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, sweet corn, green beans, yellow squash, zucchini, bitter melons, herbs, and avocados. Grove activities included mowing, fertilizing, maintenance hedging, spraying and general grove maintenance. Citrus fruit harvested included white and red grapefruit, early and midseason oranges, tangerines, and tangelos. GEORGIA: January temperatures were average to 5 degrees warmer than historical values. Total rainfall for the month ranged from 0.6 inch in Bibb County to 7.6 inches in Grady County. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, the State remained drought free throughout the month with only 11 percent abnormally dry. Small grains did well over the past month. Aphid pressure was noted in small grains in the southern part of the State. Persistent rain in some locations has led to pasture conditions being subpar compared to previous years and hay was being fed at a rapid pace. Livestock conditions were fair to good but lower quality hay fed to some cattle caused deterioration in body condition. Onions planted in November and December are doing well. Vegetable planting was delayed in some areas due to wet field conditions. As weather permitted, fields were bedded with plastic for the upcoming spring season. Cool temperatures left fruit and nut crops in good condition. Field activities included harrowing, tilling, applying chemicals, and pruning. HAWAII: DATA NOT AVAILABLE IDAHO: The Statewide temperatures in Idaho for the month of January were normal to above average throughout the State. This marked the continuation of a mild winter in the State of Idaho. Calving progressed well across the State and hay stocks were in good shape. So far, winter 2021 had not put much stress on livestock or winter cereals. The mild weather also had not put much pressure on hay stocks. While there was snow on the ground in central and eastern Idaho, most of the big storms missed the State in January. The consensus was there needed to be more snow to improve the water outlook for crop year 2021. ILLINOIS: For the week ending on January 24, 2021. Topsoil moisture 3% very short, 13% short, 74% adequate, 10% surplus. Subsoil moisture 4% very short, 21% short, 73% adequate, 2% surplus. Statewide, the average temperature in January was 29.7 degrees, 5.0 degrees above normal. Precipitation averaged 0.99 inch, 0.52 inch below normal. INDIANA: Topsoil moisture for the month of January was 4% very short, 20% short, 69% adequate, and 7% surplus. Subsoil moisture for the month was 8% very short, 23% short, 63% adequate, and 6% surplus. Winter wheat condition was rated 1% very poor, 5% poor, 27% fair, 55% good, and 12% excellent. Statewide temperatures averaged 31.0 degrees, 5.1 degrees above normal for the month of January. Statewide average precipitation was 1.22 inches, 0.69 inch below normal. Most of January was much warmer and drier than normal, with the majority of the State's below average precipitation occurring within the first few days of the New Year. The temperatures began to drop near the end of the month, but the dry conditions persisted. Soil moisture levels decreased from the previous month. Winter wheat conditions remained stable overall, though the lack of soil moisture and absence of snow cover in some areas caused concern. Livestock were reported to be faring well amid the milder temperatures. Other activities for the week included tile work, purchasing equipment, and delivering grain. IOWA: January brought unseasonably warm temperatures across the State for most of the month. Measurable snowfall was recorded mid-month with more expected this week, especially in the central and southern parts of the State. Localized ice in the east central part of the State made it difficult for some livestock producers to feed cattle mid-month. Fieldwork activities for the month included hauling manure. Unlike the previous year, there were no reports of crops remaining to be harvested. Grain movement was steady due to strong prices. Livestock continued to graze on corn stalks. The warm temperatures were beneficial for livestock. Lambing and calving have begun. Soil moisture levels continue to be a concern due to below average snowfall as farmers look forward to the 2021 crop year. KANSAS: For the week ending January 24, 2021, topsoil moisture supplies rated 21% very short, 34% short, 42% adequate, 3% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 16% very short, 37% short, 46% adequate, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 7% very poor, 17% poor, 33% fair, 40% good, 3% excellent. KENTUCKY: For the month of January, Kentucky saw above normal temperatures and much below normal precipitation. Throughout the month temperatures have stayed relatively mild, however dry conditions have persisted. Temperatures for the period averaged 36 degrees across the State, which was 3 degrees warmer than normal. Precipitation (liq. equ.) for the period totaled 1.14 inches Statewide, which was 1.8 inches below normal and 39% of normal. With mild and dry conditions prevalent, farmers have been able to hold onto the hay supplies for the most part. For the month of January, hay supplies 1% very short, 7% short, 83% adequate, 9% surplus. Livestock have benefitted overall from the absence of typical winter harshness. Livestock conditions 1% very poor, 3% poor, 21% fair, 65% good, 10% excellent. Condition of winter wheat 1% poor, 13% fair, 71% good, 15% excellent. Tobacco stripping 93% complete. LOUISIANA: Conditions for January have been mild and wet for most of the State. The highest amount of rainfall was reported in the northwest part of the State. The wet conditions have limited fieldwork. Ryegrass progress has been slow in most areas. Cattle producers have been feeding more hay and supplements. Crawfish producers have started harvesting. Row crop burndown began in the northeast. The average rainfall for the month was about 4.04 inches with an average temperature of about 50 degrees. Overall, rainfall for the State was below normal while temperatures were slightly above average. MARYLAND: The month of January experienced drier conditions, which allowed operators to do tasks that required them to be on fields such as applying lime, tillage, etc. Seasonal conditions with temperatures have kept soils right at freezing through most of the region. Wheat looked in good condition at this time. Pastures were not being cut up due to soil being wet. The State entered the fall very dry and went into the winter slightly wet, but has dried out again. Moisture is most needed overall. Some farmers were getting into the fields to harvest corn and soybeans in the bottoms of the field that were just too wet during the regular harvest season. MICHIGAN: Topsoil moisture 0% very short, 14% short, 83% adequate and 3% surplus. Subsoil moisture 2% very short, 14% short, 80% adequate, and 4% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 3% very poor, 7% poor, 32% fair, 52% good, and 6% excellent. Precipitation for the month of January averaged 0.92 inch throughout the State, 0.64 inch below normal. Temperature for the month of January averaged 27.1 degrees, 7.9 degrees above normal. The winter has continued to be unusually mild across the State. Precipitation was down in January as snowfall in most areas was reportedly below average. Temperatures were also significantly warmer than usual contributing to the lack of snow cover. The generally mild conditions have allowed farmers to easily tend to livestock and complete daily operations around the farm. Fruit growers continued to take advantage of favorable conditions by pruning and maintaining orchards. Weather conditions continued to remain good for winter wheat in central counties and the Thumb region. In southern counties snow cover is very light leading to some concern about damage. Other activities for the month included hauling manure, purchasing seed, getting equipment ready for spring, and cutting firewood for next winter. MINNESOTA: January brought below normal precipitation amounts and above normal temperatures for much of the State. There were reports of no frost or shallower than normal frost levels in the soil. In the west central part of the State there were reports of high winds causing some soil erosion. Only a small amount of corn is still standing. Conditions allowed some manure spreading. Grain movement was widespread. Livestock consumed less feed than normal with adequate feed available. The lack of snow and milder temperatures also helped reduce bedding needs. Overall, January livestock conditions have been good as farmers prepare for calving season. Lambing is already underway. The preliminary January average temperature for the Twin Cities was 22.7 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 7.4 degrees above normal. Total precipitation was 0.86 inch, 0.14 inch below normal. MISSISSIPPI: Conditions for the month of January have been cool and wet. Little fieldwork has been completed due to wet conditions and saturated ground. The State average rainfall was about 3.1 inches for the month of January with an average temperature of about 45 degrees. Overall, rainfall and average temperatures have been typical for this time of year in the State. MISSOURI: For the week ending January 24, 2021. Topsoil moisture 1% very short, 8% short, 74% adequate, 17% surplus. Subsoil moisture 14% short, 85% adequate, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition 1% very poor, 5% poor, 45% fair, 43% good, 6% excellent. Statewide, precipitation averaged 1.34 inches for the month of January, 0.09 inch below average. Temperatures averaged 33.1 degrees, 4.6 degrees above normal. MONTANA: This report for Montana is for the entire month of January 2021. Topsoil moisture 14% very short, 43% short, 42% adequate, 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture 9% very short, 42% short, 47% adequate, 2% surplus. Winter wheat - condition 1% very poor, 4% poor, 27% fair, 62% good, 6% excellent. Winter wheat - wind damage 64% none, 25% light, 9% moderate, 2% heavy. Winter wheat - freeze and drought damage 86% none, 10% light, 3% moderate, 1% heavy. Winter wheat - protectiveness of snow cover 71% very poor, 26% poor, 3% fair. Pasture and range - condition 14% very poor, 28% poor, 46% fair, 10% good, 2% excellent. Livestock grazing accessibility - 85% open, 9% difficult, 6% closed. Livestock receiving supplemental feed - cattle and calves 92% fed. Livestock receiving supplemental feed - sheep and lambs 96% fed. The month of January was windy and dry for the State of Montana, according to the Mountain Regional Field Office of the National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA. Reporters across the State noted a lack of precipitation and high winds throughout the month of January. Temperatures across the State were higher than the daily historical averages for a majority of the month. High temperatures ranged from the mid-20s to the mid-60s. Low temperatures ranged from the mid-30s to the teens. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, approximately 81 percent of Montana is abnormally dry or in a current state of drought, with about 8 percent of the State in severe or extreme drought. NEBRASKA: For the week ending January 24, 2021, topsoil moisture supplies rated 16% very short, 44% short, 39% adequate, and 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 16% very short, 48% short, 35% adequate, and 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 6% very poor, 12% poor, 48% fair, 33% good, and 1% excellent. NEVADA: Topsoil moisture 50% very short, 20% short, 25% adequate, 5% surplus. Subsoil moisture 70% very short, 25% short, 5% adequate. Temperatures for the month averaged 35.7 degrees, 3.8 degrees above normal. Statewide average precipitation was 0.25 inch. NEW ENGLAND: New England States experienced variable weather - cold days, minimal snow, rain, and periods of warmth. In Connecticut, the weather continues to be drier than normal. Rain rather than snow seems to be the new normal. Reservoirs have been marked as lower than normal. The soil frozen on the surface but the frozen layer is thin. In Massachusetts, unusually warm conditions have made winter flooding difficult for cranberry growers in SE Massachusetts. The likelihood of ice standing the bogs is rapidly ending. According to a New Hampshire reporter, most of the county has snow cover, but only in moderate amounts. Lakes and ponds were slow to freeze over compared to the typical year. Additionally, farmers are repairing equipment and buildings, planning for the 2021 growing season, ordering seeds and attending webinars. They are finishing record keeping for the 2020 growing season. There have been a couple of days with a temperature low around 5 to 10 F degrees and highs of 40's F degrees. A bit above the average temperatures for January. Moreover, minimal snowfall this winter has farmers concerned about ground water recharge. Drought impacts from 2020 and 2019 are still very apparent. Ground water levels are still below normal. Streams are running at significantly lower levels for this time of the year. Rhode Island reports above average temperatures is providing good growing conditions in high tunnels. Vermont experienced great weather for sod crops in Franklin County. The winter so far has been fairly mild and dry. There is probably a 12 to 24 inch snow pack. There have been a few days near the zero mark but overall temperatures have been higher than average. Farms are doing well with winter feed supplies. NEW JERSEY: The State has experienced fair conditions and temperatures were at or above normal. Ground moisture has been good the last month. Livestock producers were having difficulty making appointments with local butchers; appointments were being made 12-16 months out. Other concerns include the cost to feed and the insufficient supply of forages and grain due to delay. As mentioned last month, deer, bears, and groundhogs have caused considerable damage to some crops and farmland. Vegetable transplant growers continued to seed greenhouses with the anticipation of a normal spring season. NEW MEXICO: This report for New Mexico is for the month of January 2021 through January 24. Topsoil moisture 58% very short, 37% short, 5% adequate. Subsoil moisture 65% very short, 31% short, 4% adequate. Pecans harvested 95%, 75% last year. Winter wheat condition 16% very poor, 53% poor, 26% fair, 3% good, 2% excellent. Cows calved 4%, Cattle receiving supplemental feed 94%, 75% last year. Cattle condition 3% very poor, 15% poor, 42% fair, 36% good, 4% excellent. Ewes lambed 9%, 14% last year. Sheep receiving supplemental feed 92%, 67% last year. Sheep and lambs condition 13% very poor, 11% poor, 28% fair, 42% good, 6% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies 25% very short, 50% short, 25% adequate. Stock water supplies 20% very short, 49% short, 30% adequate, 1% surplus. Precipitation since January 1 has been extremely limited for much of the State, resulting in further deterioration of not just soil moisture levels, but winter wheat condition as well. With a large portion of acreage represented, 69 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in very poor or poor condition due to a prolonged battle against increasingly dry growing conditions. This compares with 37 percent in very poor or poor condition at the end of December. Comments across Union County expressed that producers for all commodities were in difficult situations trying to plan for the 2021 growing season. Converted monthly moisture totals - accounting for any precipitation received as snow - ranged from approximately 2 inches to merely a trace, with dryness across a few southern counties. Areas with above average precipitation were confined to northern, more mountainous counties, and the southeastern corner of the State. According to the United States Drought Monitor for January 19, the entire State was suffering from moderate drought or worse, and conditions continued to worsen. Moderate drought (D1) was present across less than 1 percent of the State. Severe drought (D2) covered 17.0 percent of the State, compared with 17.3 percent on December 29. Extreme drought (D3) was present across 28.4 percent of New Mexico, compared with 29.1 percent on December 29. Exceptional drought (D4) continued to expand, and now covered 65,981 square miles, or 54.3 percent of the State. NEW YORK: The month of January was reported as a milder winter in the first half of the month, with colder temperatures and snow cover and ice reported for the second half in some areas. Some have reported ice sheeting as a concern and threat to winter grains and perennial forages. Others have reported favorable conditions for vineyards with the lack of extreme temperature fluctuations. Field work for the month included grapevine pruning where weather was favorable and manure application on fields when soil was frozen. NORTH CAROLINA: For the week ending January 24, 2021 - Subsoil moisture 50% adequate, 50% surplus. Topsoil moisture 51% adequate and 49% surplus. Barley condition 2% poor, 18% fair, 78% good and 2% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies 3% short, 92% adequate, 5% surplus. Oats condition 38% fair, 61% good and 1% excellent. Pasture and range condition 1% very poor, 9% poor, 45% fair, 43% good, and 2% excellent. Winter wheat condition 1% very poor, 9% poor, 43% fair, 45% good, and 2% excellent. Throughout January, weather continues to be wet with rain every 3 to 4 days. Pastures are extremely muddy across the State and forage is thin. Hay supplies are OK. Cold, wet soils have some small grain crops showing some nutrient deficiencies. Winter wheat is better than expected with the given rainfall. NORTH DAKOTA: For the week ending January 24, 2021, topsoil moisture supplies, 38% very short, 37% short, 24% adequate, 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies, 33% very short, 37% short, 29% adequate, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition, 7% very poor, 12% poor, 60% fair, 20% good, 1% excellent. Cattle and calf conditions, 1% very poor, 4% poor, 16% fair, 61% good, 18% excellent. Cattle and calf death loss, 1% heavy, 34% average, 65% light. Calving progress, 2% complete. Sheep and lamb conditions, 1% very poor, 2% poor, 12% fair, 68% good, 17% excellent. Sheep and lamb death loss, 2% heavy, 45% average, 53% light. Lambing progress, 5% complete. Shearing progress, 11% complete. Hay and roughage supplies, 5% very short, 13% short, 72% adequate, 10% surplus. Stock water supplies, 15% very short, 27% short, 57% adequate, 1% surplus. OHIO: Topsoil moisture for the month was 1% very short, 7% short, 68% adequate, and 24% surplus. Subsoil moisture for the month was 2% very short, 9% short, 77% adequate, and 12% surplus. Winter wheat condition was rated 1% very poor, 2% poor, 26% fair, 57% good, and 14% excellent. The Statewide average temperature was 31.8 degrees, 5.4 degrees above normal. Precipitation averaged 1.37 inches Statewide, 0.64 inch below normal for January. Warmer than normal temperatures and limited snow cover raised concerns about winter wheat condition. The moderate weather conditions, however, have contributed to above average livestock conditions. The northwestern portion of the State saw drier soil due to a lack of winter precipitation while other parts of the State had wet and muddy soil conditions. Fieldwork continued with farmers tilling and applying manure and fertilizer. OKLAHOMA: For the month of January, according to the US Drought Monitor Report, 32 percent of the State was in the moderate to exceptional drought categories, up 12 points from the previous year. Just 12 percent of the State was in the moderate to exceptional drought categories, compared to 9 percent from the previous year. Topsoil and subsoil moisture conditions were rated mostly adequate to short. OREGON: The Statewide temperatures in Oregon for the month of January were normal to above average throughout the State. The western half of the State remained below average for cumulative precipitation for weather year 2021. The southwestern corner of Oregon remained well below average. In the northern coastal region of Oregon, the Willamette Valley received some heavy rains in January with some high water flooding through several farm fields. This wet weather was short lived and caused little to no damage to the crops. Nurseries were in full swing for planting for the upcoming spring. In Polk County, mild temperatures during most of the month allowed pastures and grass seed fields to green up nicely. Vole pressure continued to be a problem in grass seed fields and a second treatment of winter herbicides was applied. There was a flood event in early January that nearly covered the 100-year floodplain on some streams. Livestock continued to be fed in barns. Some sheep were out in pastures grazing. Kidding and lambing was about half complete. In Clackamas County, early January also brought creeks and rivers to flood or near-flood stage. Open crop fields and hazelnut groves showed moderate to extensive erosion and livestock barnyards were challenged with mud and manure management. In Tillamook County, grass continued to make slow progress in better-drained fields. Elk were observed in many fields. Many folks that raised corn silage proactively fenced their crop areas to exclude the elk and deer. Dairy herds were confined because of the weather and saturated soil conditions. Columbia County reported slug concerns on agronomic crops. In north central Oregon, the moisture received in January had not gone deep into the ground. The wheat looked decent. Calving started on several livestock operations. In Morrow County, winter wheat was small due to late seeding last fall. Crop year precipitation was below average, depending on location. Snowpack in the nearby Blue Mountains was minimal. In Wasco County, wheat crops had emerged, but needed more moisture to sustain the coming summer heat. Livestock had very little pasture growth to graze. In northeastern Oregon, calving went well in the milder winter weather. Early sown winter wheat was doing well. Stands were in good shape, weeds were few, and plants were in the 6-8 leaf stage. Wheat sown at typical planting time or sown late was small, but for the most part doing well. Stands filled in from early spotty emergence. Precipitation still lagged behind average. In southwestern Oregon, the unusually warm weather for late December and January allowed pastures, fall planted grains, cover crops and other forages to grow vigorously and were in excellent shape. The rainfall over the past month was welcome given the moderately dry fall. Snow accumulation in the high country was also below average with the mild temperatures. Winter dormant spraying for disease and insect controls in orchards, vineyards, berry crops, and nursery crops was active during the past month. In central and southeastern Oregon, the January weather was also warmer than usual. The area received snow and rain depending on elevation and location. Calving was going well. Crook, Deschutes, and Jefferson Counties received snow. This moisture was very welcome. To date Central Oregon, was below average for precipitation and reservoirs were behind last year's fill rate. PENNSYLVANIA: The State has seen a mild winter so far with minimal to average snow cover, less than 2 inches of frost, and relatively good soil moisture in areas where ground is not frozen. Tobacco has been stripped and is in the process of delivery. Field activities were focused on spreading manure and lime. SOUTH CAROLINA: January temperatures were on par with or up to 4 degrees Fahrenheit higher than historic averages. Total rainfall during the month ranged from 1.1 inches to 6.2 inches. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 6 percent of the State was experiencing abnormally dry conditions by month's end, compared to 13 percent at the beginning of the month. Untimely rainfall hampered the last of the winter wheat planting. Due to cold, wet conditions, cover crops and small grains grew slowly, and producers held off on spreading lime until fields could dry. Despite the less than ideal weather, winter wheat condition was fair to excellent. Strawberries and winter vegetables progressed slowly, but remained in good condition overall. A few producers were able to begin preparing fields for spring row crop planting when breaks in the rain allowed. Livestock and forages were generally in good condition. SOUTH DAKOTA: For the week ending January 24, 2021, topsoil moisture supplies rated 19% very short, 43% short, 38% adequate, 0% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 20% very short, 44% short, 36% adequate, 0% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 3% very poor, 18% poor, 47% fair, 32% good, and 0% excellent. TENNESSEE: For the week ending January 24, Days suitable 3.3. Topsoil moisture 4% short, 66% adequate, 30% surplus. Subsoil moisture 6% short, 70% adequate, 24% surplus. Winter wheat condition 3% poor 25% fair, 61% good, 11% excellent. Pasture and Range condition 2% very poor, 17% poor, 36% fair, 40% good, 5% excellent. Cattle condition 3% poor, 24% fair, 64% good, 9% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies 1% very short, 9% short, 78% adequate, 12% surplus. Tennessee experienced decreased moisture in January and warm temperatures. Some report the driest January conditions in several years. The conditions were favorable for cattle. Hay and roughage supplies appear adequate for the winter season. Winter wheat condition reported as mostly good. Cattle condition is currently reported as mostly good. TEXAS: Precipitation mostly ranged from trace amounts to upwards of 4 inches. Isolated areas in the Edwards Plateau, South Central Texas, the Upper Coast, East Texas and the Blacklands received from 4 inches to upwards of 8 inches. Very isolated areas of East Texas ranged from 10 to upwards of 15 inches of rain. Cotton harvest virtually complete throughout the State. Small grains seeding was nearing completion, however, development was behind normal in some areas. Row crop producers in the Lower Valley, the Upper Coast, South Central Texas, and South Texas prepared fields for planting. Livestock condition continued fair to good. Supplemental feeding continued Statewide. UTAH: This report for Utah is for the entire month of January 2021. Topsoil moisture 14% very short, 41% short, 44% adequate, 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture 19% very short, 29% short, 51% adequate, 1% surplus. Pasture and range condition 23% very poor, 37% poor, 28% fair, 11% good, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition 5% very poor, 23% poor, 57% fair, 15% good. Hay and roughage supplies 6% very short, 20% short, 70% adequate, 4% surplus. Stock water supplies 10% very short, 31% short, 58% adequate, 1% surplus. Cattle and calves condition 1% very poor, 4% poor, 29% fair, 64% good, 2% excellent. Sheep and lambs condition 4% poor, 31% fair, 63% good, 2% excellent. Livestock receiving supplemental feed for cattle 82%. Livestock receiving supplemental feed for sheep 65%. Cows calved 8%. Ewes lambed-farm flock 5%. Ewes lambed-range flock 2%. Mild temperatures along with isolated snow storms occurred throughout the State for the month of January. Beaver County reports livestock are doing well, but it has been a mild winter with low snowpack. VIRGINIA: For the week ending January 24 - Topsoil moisture 2% short, 77% adequate and 21% surplus. Subsoil moisture 2% short, 79% adequate and 19% surplus. Winter wheat condition 1% very poor, 9% poor, 37% fair, 49% good and 4% excellent. Barley condition 1% very poor, 3% poor, 41% fair, 53% good, 2% excellent. Livestock condition 1% very poor, 5% poor, 34% fair, 49% good, 11% excellent. Pasture and Range condition 4% very poor, 22% poor, 44% fair, 26% good and 4% excellent. Hay supplies 1% very short, 13% short, 76% adequate and 10% surplus. Percent of feed obtained from pastures 12%. Virginia experienced normal precipitation and temperatures in January, allowing farmers to finish grain crop harvesting. Hay and roughage supplies are mostly adequate, but higher than the previous year. Other farming activities for the beginning of the year included preparing for winter grazing and 2021 vegetable crop preparations; tobacco farmers are finishing the stripping of dark fired burley and Maryland type tobaccos. WASHINGTON: The Statewide temperatures in Washington for the month of January were above normal to slightly below normal throughout the State. In western Washington, crops were doing fine. In Jefferson County, heavy flooding from rain continued in some lower agricultural valleys. In San Juan County, livestock were on retained feed. Some farms were pruning berries and kiwifruit vines. In Snohomish County, there was virtually no fieldwork due to the saturated soils. There was no major flooding, but just enough rain to keep places very wet. Cane tying and blueberry pruning was taking place where possible. Greenhouses were starting up with early cool crops, along with some tomatoes. In central Washington, there was little activity in the fields and orchards as a dusting of snow covered the ground in most areas. Tree and vine pruning and training occurred. Pruning focused on the more cold-tolerant apples and pears. No damage was reported for the perennial crops. Northeast Washington had snow followed by rain and high winds. The wind created damage to some tree crops, particularly in forests. The rain and wind melted snow on low elevation fields. High elevation snow pack was good. In east central Washington, crop conditions were normal and calving was starting. The winter had been mild with good moisture, but unseasonably warm conditions. These conditions were good for winter wheat growth and development. In southeast Washington, winter wheat was up and growing and soil moisture was good. Seeded crops remained stable due to cold temperatures. WEST VIRGINIA: For the week ending January 24, Topsoil moisture 11% short, 79% adequate, and 10% surplus. Subsoil moisture 9% short, 85% adequate, and 6% surplus. Hay and roughage supplies 2% very short, 10% short, 81% adequate, and 7% surplus. Feed grain supplies 6% short, 89% adequate, and 5% surplus. Winter wheat condition 47% fair, 52% good, and 1% excellent. Cattle and calves condition 2% poor, 31% fair, 63% good, and 4% excellent. Sheep and lambs condition 1% poor, 12% fair, 84% good, and 3% excellent. Weather conditions for the month have been a mix of warmer and cooler temperatures with periods of light rain and some snow. Farming activities for the month included planning for the new crop year, feeding hay and grain to livestock, and repairing roads. WISCONSIN: January temperatures at the five major weather stations were all above normal. They ranged from 5.1 degrees above normal in Madison to 8.2 degrees above normal in Green Bay. Average highs ranged from 28.4 degrees in Eau Claire to 34.0 degrees in Milwaukee, while average lows ranged from 15.5 degrees in Eau Claire to 23.8 degrees in Milwaukee. Precipitation ranged from 0.58 inch in Madison to 1.01 inches in Milwaukee. Milwaukee received the most snowfall out of the major cities with 8.3 inches. Green Bay received the least, with 3.5 inches of snow for the month. Variable snow coverage remains on Wisconsin farm fields due to warmer and drier than normal conditions. Concerns were expressed in some areas regarding the lack of snow cover to protect topsoil from wind and overwintering crops from frost damage. The warmer temperatures and limited precipitation eased livestock care and daily maintenance routines. Surface application of solid manure was completed where conditions permitted. WYOMING: This report for Wyoming is for the entire month of January 2021. Topsoil moisture 47% very short, 43% short, 10% adequate. Subsoil moisture 56% very short, 32% short, 12% adequate. Winter wheat condition 4% very poor, 15% poor, 61% fair, 16% good, 4% excellent. Calving progress 5% cows calved. Sheep and lamb progress 3% ewes lambed. Hay and roughage supplies 22% very short, 22% short, 55% adequate, 1% surplus. Livestock condition 6% poor, 29% fair, 64% good, 1% excellent. Stock water supplies 18% very short, 20% short, 61% adequate, 1% surplus. Pasture and range condition 33% very poor, 27% poor, 30% fair, 9% good, 1% excellent. January brought little change to Wyoming's drought conditions. Precipitation for January was limited. There were multiple reports of dry, windy conditions and little snowfall and comments indicated concern for the coming year. Reports out of Albany County noted calving and lambing is just starting. According to the United States Drought Monitor for January 21, 2021, the amount of land rated as abnormally dry was 6.9 percent, down from 8.3 percent last month. Moderate drought was present across 34.5 percent of the State, an increase from 33.2 percent last month. Severe drought covered 28.6 percent of the State, compared to 28.4 percent last month. Extreme drought conditions covered 25.4 percent of the State and exceptional drought conditions covered 0.4 percent, unchanged from last month's percentages. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Crop progress and condition estimates included in this report are based on survey data collected in December, January, February, and March. The non-probability crop progress and condition surveys include input from approximately 4,000 respondents whose occupations provide them opportunities to make visual observations and frequently bring them in contact with farmers in their counties. Based on standard definitions, these respondents subjectively estimate the progress of crops through various stages of development, as well as the progress of producer activities. They also provide subjective evaluations of crop and soil moisture conditions. Any weather data mentioned in this report is provided by outside sources such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Agricultural Weather Information Service (AWIS). Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.............................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section..................... (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Weather.............................. (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Oats, Soybeans............................ (202) 690-3234 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports.. (202) 720-8800 James Johanson - Barley, County Estimates, Hay........... (202) 690-8533 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.............. (202) 720-9526 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat................................. (202) 720-8068 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.......... (202) 720-5944 John Stephens - Peanuts, Rice............................ (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds............... 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