Cattle ISSN: 1948-9099 Released January 30, 2015, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January 1 Cattle Inventory Up 1 Percent All cattle and calves in the United States as of January 1, 2015 totaled 89.8 million head, 1 percent above the 88.5 million on January 1, 2014. All cows and heifers that have calved, at 39.0 million, were up 2 percent from the 38.3 million on January 1, 2014. • Beef cows, at 29.7 million, were up 2 percent from January 1, 2014. • Milk cows, at 9.3 million, were up 1 percent from January 1, 2014. Other class estimates on January 1, 2015 and the change from January 1, 2014, are as follows: • All heifers 500 pounds and over, 19.2 million, up 1 percent. • Beef replacement heifers, 5.8 million, up 4 percent. • Milk replacement heifers, 4.6 million, up 1 percent. • Other heifers, 8.8 million, down slightly. • Steers weighing 500 pounds and over, 15.8 million, up 1 percent. • Bulls weighing 500 pounds and over, 2.1 million, up 3 percent. • Calves under 500 pounds, 13.7 million, up 1 percent. • Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter in all feedlots, 13.1 million, up 1 percent. • The combined total of calves under 500 pounds, and other heifers and steers over 500 pounds outside of feedlots was 25.2 million, up 1 percent. Calf Crop Up 1 Percent The 2014 calf crop was estimated at 33.9 million head, up 1 percent from 2013. Calves born during the first half of 2014 were estimated at 24.6 million, up slightly from 2013. Revisions All inventory and calf crop estimates for January 1, 2014 and July 1, 2014 were reviewed using calf crop, official slaughter, import and export data, and the relationship of new survey information to the prior surveys. Based on these findings, January 1, 2014 cattle and calves were increased by 0.9 percent, cows and heifers that have calved were increased by 0.1 percent, and 2013 calf crop was decreased by 0.6 percent. July 1, 2014 cattle and calves were increased by 1.1 percent, cows and heifers that have calved were decreased by 0.3 percent, and 2014 calf crop was increased by 0.9 percent. State level estimates were reviewed and changes were made to reallocate inventory estimates to the United States total. This report was approved on January 30, 2015. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015.......... 4 Cattle Inventory - United States: January 1................................................ 4 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015............. 5 Calf Crop - States and United States: 2013 and 2014........................................ 9 Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015........ 10 Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2014 and 2015.. 11 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2012 and 2014............. 11 Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2013 and 2014.......... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................... 12 Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates.................................................. 13 Information Contacts....................................................................... 13 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2014 : 2015 :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 88,526.0 89,800.0 101 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 38,293.0 39,000.0 102 Beef cows .........................: 29,085.4 29,693.1 102 Milk cows .........................: 9,207.6 9,306.9 101 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 18,969.4 19,240.2 101 For beef cow replacement ..........: 5,551.3 5,777.4 104 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,305.0 3,546.0 107 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,548.7 4,615.4 101 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 2,966.7 2,997.2 101 Other heifers .....................: 8,869.4 8,847.4 100 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 15,667.9 15,778.5 101 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,037.8 2,104.4 103 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 13,557.9 13,676.9 101 : Cattle on feed ......................: 13,018.3 13,093.0 101 : :-------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of : 2013 : 2014 :previous year :-------------------------------------------- Calf crop ...........................: 33,730.0 33,900.0 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Replacement heifers expected to calve during the year. Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All cattle and calves : All cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2014 : 2015 :previous year : 2014 : 2015 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 1,270.0 1,220.0 96 690.0 680.0 99 Alaska ........: 10.0 10.0 100 4.6 4.6 100 Arizona .......: 920.0 880.0 96 370.0 370.0 100 Arkansas ......: 1,650.0 1,640.0 99 870.0 870.0 100 California ....: 5,250.0 5,150.0 98 2,380.0 2,380.0 100 Colorado ......: 2,550.0 2,600.0 102 850.0 890.0 105 Connecticut ...: 47.0 47.0 100 23.0 24.0 104 Delaware ......: 16.0 17.0 106 7.5 7.5 100 Florida .......: 1,670.0 1,700.0 102 1,030.0 1,040.0 101 Georgia .......: 1,040.0 1,040.0 100 580.0 570.0 98 : Hawaii ........: 133.0 135.0 102 74.0 72.0 97 Idaho .........: 2,240.0 2,300.0 103 1,030.0 1,060.0 103 Illinois ......: 1,130.0 1,140.0 101 450.0 470.0 104 Indiana .......: 860.0 870.0 101 365.0 380.0 104 Iowa ..........: 3,800.0 3,900.0 103 1,100.0 1,130.0 103 Kansas ........: 5,800.0 6,000.0 103 1,550.0 1,620.0 105 Kentucky ......: 2,110.0 2,060.0 98 1,060.0 1,070.0 101 Louisiana .....: 790.0 790.0 100 465.0 480.0 103 Maine .........: 85.0 85.0 100 41.0 41.0 100 Maryland ......: 182.0 185.0 102 88.0 91.0 103 : Massachusetts .: 39.0 38.0 97 18.0 18.0 100 Michigan ......: 1,130.0 1,140.0 101 500.0 515.0 103 Minnesota .....: 2,300.0 2,330.0 101 800.0 810.0 101 Mississippi ...: 930.0 910.0 98 490.0 480.0 98 Missouri ......: 3,850.0 4,000.0 104 1,910.0 1,970.0 103 Montana .......: 2,550.0 2,500.0 98 1,490.0 1,520.0 102 Nebraska ......: 6,250.0 6,300.0 101 1,860.0 1,840.0 99 Nevada ........: 460.0 435.0 95 260.0 245.0 94 New Hampshire .: 32.0 30.0 94 16.5 17.0 103 New Jersey ....: 27.0 28.0 104 14.0 14.5 104 : New Mexico ....: 1,310.0 1,340.0 102 730.0 730.0 100 New York ......: 1,450.0 1,450.0 100 720.0 730.0 101 North Carolina : 810.0 800.0 99 400.0 410.0 103 North Dakota ..: 1,750.0 1,650.0 94 940.0 920.0 98 Ohio ..........: 1,250.0 1,250.0 100 560.0 550.0 98 Oklahoma ......: 4,300.0 4,600.0 107 1,840.0 1,940.0 105 Oregon ........: 1,280.0 1,300.0 102 640.0 650.0 102 Pennsylvania ..: 1,610.0 1,530.0 95 690.0 680.0 99 Rhode Island ..: 5.0 5.0 100 2.4 2.4 100 South Carolina : 335.0 335.0 100 185.0 185.0 100 : South Dakota ..: 3,700.0 3,700.0 100 1,730.0 1,730.0 100 Tennessee .....: 1,760.0 1,730.0 98 910.0 930.0 102 Texas .........: 11,100.0 11,800.0 106 4,350.0 4,650.0 107 Utah ..........: 810.0 780.0 96 435.0 420.0 97 Vermont .......: 260.0 260.0 100 144.0 144.0 100 Virginia ......: 1,510.0 1,470.0 97 730.0 730.0 100 Washington ....: 1,110.0 1,150.0 104 480.0 475.0 99 West Virginia .: 385.0 370.0 96 200.0 194.0 97 Wisconsin .....: 3,400.0 3,500.0 103 1,520.0 1,550.0 102 Wyoming .......: 1,270.0 1,300.0 102 700.0 700.0 100 : United States .: 88,526.0 89,800.0 101 38,293.0 39,000.0 102 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cows that have calved : Milk cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2014 : 2015 :previous year : 2014 : 2015 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ----- 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 681.0 672.0 99 9.0 8.0 89 Alaska ........: 4.3 4.3 100 0.3 0.3 100 Arizona .......: 178.0 175.0 98 192.0 195.0 102 Arkansas ......: 862.0 863.0 100 8.0 7.0 88 California ....: 600.0 600.0 100 1,780.0 1,780.0 100 Colorado ......: 710.0 745.0 105 140.0 145.0 104 Connecticut ...: 4.0 5.0 125 19.0 19.0 100 Delaware ......: 2.8 2.5 89 4.7 5.0 106 Florida .......: 907.0 916.0 101 123.0 124.0 101 Georgia .......: 500.0 489.0 98 80.0 81.0 101 : Hawaii ........: 71.8 69.8 97 2.2 2.2 100 Idaho .........: 465.0 481.0 103 565.0 579.0 102 Illinois ......: 355.0 376.0 106 95.0 94.0 99 Indiana .......: 187.0 199.0 106 178.0 181.0 102 Iowa ..........: 895.0 920.0 103 205.0 210.0 102 Kansas ........: 1,414.0 1,477.0 104 136.0 143.0 105 Kentucky ......: 992.0 1,007.0 102 68.0 63.0 93 Louisiana .....: 450.0 466.0 104 15.0 14.0 93 Maine .........: 11.0 11.0 100 30.0 30.0 100 Maryland ......: 38.0 41.0 108 50.0 50.0 100 : Massachusetts .: 6.0 5.5 92 12.0 12.5 104 Michigan ......: 119.0 112.0 94 381.0 403.0 106 Minnesota .....: 340.0 350.0 103 460.0 460.0 100 Mississippi ...: 477.0 468.0 98 13.0 12.0 92 Missouri ......: 1,820.0 1,881.0 103 90.0 89.0 99 Montana .......: 1,476.0 1,506.0 102 14.0 14.0 100 Nebraska ......: 1,807.0 1,786.0 99 53.0 54.0 102 Nevada ........: 231.0 217.0 94 29.0 28.0 97 New Hampshire .: 3.0 3.0 100 13.5 14.0 104 New Jersey ....: 7.0 7.5 107 7.0 7.0 100 : New Mexico ....: 407.0 407.0 100 323.0 323.0 100 New York ......: 105.0 115.0 110 615.0 615.0 100 North Carolina : 355.0 363.0 102 45.0 47.0 104 North Dakota ..: 923.0 904.0 98 17.0 16.0 94 Ohio ..........: 293.0 282.0 96 267.0 268.0 100 Oklahoma ......: 1,795.0 1,900.0 106 45.0 40.0 89 Oregon ........: 516.0 525.0 102 124.0 125.0 101 Pennsylvania ..: 160.0 150.0 94 530.0 530.0 100 Rhode Island ..: 1.5 1.5 100 0.9 0.9 100 South Carolina : 169.0 170.0 101 16.0 15.0 94 : South Dakota ..: 1,635.0 1,632.0 100 95.0 98.0 103 Tennessee .....: 864.0 883.0 102 46.0 47.0 102 Texas .........: 3,910.0 4,180.0 107 440.0 470.0 107 Utah ..........: 340.0 324.0 95 95.0 96.0 101 Vermont .......: 12.0 12.0 100 132.0 132.0 100 Virginia ......: 637.0 637.0 100 93.0 93.0 100 Washington ....: 214.0 198.0 93 266.0 277.0 104 West Virginia .: 191.0 185.0 97 9.0 9.0 100 Wisconsin .....: 250.0 275.0 110 1,270.0 1,275.0 100 Wyoming .......: 694.0 694.0 100 6.0 6.0 100 : United States .: 29,085.4 29,693.1 102 9,207.6 9,306.9 101 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Heifers 500 pounds and over :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Beef cow replacement : Milk cow replacement : Other :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 110.0 110.0 4.0 3.0 31.0 32.0 Alaska ........: 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Arizona .......: 30.0 34.0 74.0 65.0 21.0 21.0 Arkansas ......: 137.0 141.0 5.0 4.0 78.0 60.0 California ....: 110.0 120.0 750.0 750.0 230.0 180.0 Colorado ......: 150.0 160.0 100.0 100.0 490.0 490.0 Connecticut ...: 1.5 2.0 9.0 8.0 0.5 1.0 Delaware ......: 0.5 0.7 2.6 2.5 0.6 0.7 Florida .......: 115.0 125.0 35.0 35.0 30.0 35.0 Georgia .......: 82.0 83.0 25.0 25.0 29.0 34.0 : Hawaii ........: 9.0 11.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 5.0 Idaho .........: 110.0 110.0 270.0 300.0 190.0 190.0 Illinois ......: 63.0 64.0 45.0 50.0 102.0 101.0 Indiana .......: 39.0 45.0 68.0 78.0 53.0 47.0 Iowa ..........: 160.0 170.0 120.0 130.0 640.0 640.0 Kansas ........: 240.0 260.0 100.0 80.0 1,400.0 1,380.0 Kentucky ......: 150.0 135.0 45.0 45.0 125.0 110.0 Louisiana .....: 84.0 73.0 5.0 5.0 21.0 23.0 Maine .........: 3.0 4.0 17.0 16.0 2.0 3.0 Maryland ......: 9.5 8.0 25.0 24.0 7.5 10.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 7.5 7.0 0.5 1.0 Michigan ......: 29.0 23.0 164.0 167.0 47.0 40.0 Minnesota .....: 80.0 85.0 280.0 280.0 170.0 165.0 Mississippi ...: 91.0 95.0 6.0 6.0 43.0 35.0 Missouri ......: 305.0 310.0 50.0 60.0 215.0 230.0 Montana .......: 430.0 425.0 9.0 7.0 211.0 198.0 Nebraska ......: 400.0 390.0 20.0 20.0 1,280.0 1,300.0 Nevada ........: 36.0 37.0 9.0 9.0 31.0 29.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.0 7.0 5.5 0.5 0.5 New Jersey ....: 1.0 1.3 3.0 3.8 1.0 0.9 : New Mexico ....: 70.0 80.0 120.0 105.0 70.0 80.0 New York ......: 45.0 40.0 355.0 350.0 40.0 45.0 North Carolina : 72.0 69.0 20.0 18.0 24.0 28.0 North Dakota ..: 170.0 164.0 10.0 6.0 210.0 185.0 Ohio ..........: 55.0 50.0 130.0 125.0 60.0 55.0 Oklahoma ......: 325.0 405.0 20.0 25.0 340.0 390.0 Oregon ........: 105.0 110.0 60.0 60.0 120.0 105.0 Pennsylvania ..: 50.0 50.0 315.0 305.0 70.0 60.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 South Carolina : 30.0 30.0 6.0 5.0 12.0 12.0 : South Dakota ..: 340.0 380.0 50.0 65.0 490.0 495.0 Tennessee .....: 130.0 135.0 30.0 25.0 85.0 70.0 Texas .........: 660.0 710.0 220.0 240.0 1,420.0 1,480.0 Utah ..........: 70.0 78.0 46.0 48.0 69.0 64.0 Vermont .......: 4.5 4.0 56.0 56.0 5.5 5.0 Virginia ......: 115.0 105.0 40.0 43.0 70.0 47.0 Washington ....: 50.0 51.0 125.0 133.0 130.0 136.0 West Virginia .: 35.0 32.0 5.0 4.0 24.0 21.0 Wisconsin .....: 70.0 75.0 680.0 710.0 70.0 55.0 Wyoming .......: 175.0 183.0 4.0 5.0 106.0 152.0 : United States .: 5,551.3 5,777.4 4,548.7 4,615.4 8,869.4 8,847.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers : Bulls : Calves : 500 pounds and over : 500 pounds and over : under 500 pounds State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 : 2014 : 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 60.0 50.0 50.0 45.0 325.0 300.0 Alaska ........: 0.4 0.3 1.9 2.4 2.1 1.6 Arizona .......: 305.0 275.0 20.0 20.0 100.0 95.0 Arkansas ......: 145.0 130.0 55.0 55.0 360.0 380.0 California ....: 640.0 570.0 70.0 70.0 1,070.0 1,080.0 Colorado ......: 780.0 790.0 45.0 55.0 135.0 115.0 Connecticut ...: 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.5 10.5 9.5 Delaware ......: 2.0 2.2 0.3 0.4 2.5 3.0 Florida .......: 25.0 30.0 60.0 60.0 375.0 375.0 Georgia .......: 36.0 45.0 28.0 28.0 260.0 255.0 : Hawaii ........: 7.0 9.0 4.0 4.0 34.0 33.0 Idaho .........: 260.0 290.0 40.0 40.0 340.0 310.0 Illinois ......: 250.0 220.0 25.0 25.0 195.0 210.0 Indiana .......: 108.0 118.0 17.0 17.0 210.0 185.0 Iowa ..........: 1,270.0 1,310.0 60.0 60.0 450.0 460.0 Kansas ........: 1,770.0 1,930.0 90.0 90.0 650.0 640.0 Kentucky ......: 200.0 200.0 70.0 65.0 460.0 435.0 Louisiana .....: 24.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 161.0 154.0 Maine .........: 5.0 4.5 1.5 1.5 15.5 15.0 Maryland ......: 15.0 16.0 4.0 4.0 33.0 32.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 7.0 Michigan ......: 175.0 175.0 15.0 15.0 200.0 205.0 Minnesota .....: 490.0 500.0 35.0 35.0 445.0 455.0 Mississippi ...: 62.0 61.0 38.0 38.0 200.0 195.0 Missouri ......: 380.0 400.0 100.0 110.0 890.0 920.0 Montana .......: 220.0 175.0 100.0 100.0 90.0 75.0 Nebraska ......: 2,300.0 2,360.0 95.0 95.0 295.0 295.0 Nevada ........: 44.0 44.0 13.0 12.0 67.0 59.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 5.5 4.5 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 4.5 : New Mexico ....: 90.0 95.0 35.0 35.0 195.0 215.0 New York ......: 32.0 35.0 18.0 15.0 240.0 235.0 North Carolina : 44.0 36.0 30.0 29.0 220.0 210.0 North Dakota ..: 270.0 215.0 55.0 50.0 95.0 110.0 Ohio ..........: 195.0 200.0 25.0 25.0 225.0 245.0 Oklahoma ......: 910.0 870.0 125.0 140.0 740.0 830.0 Oregon ........: 160.0 165.0 36.0 40.0 159.0 170.0 Pennsylvania ..: 185.0 145.0 25.0 25.0 275.0 265.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 South Carolina : 12.0 9.0 14.0 14.0 76.0 80.0 : South Dakota ..: 690.0 680.0 95.0 100.0 305.0 250.0 Tennessee .....: 135.0 120.0 60.0 60.0 410.0 390.0 Texas .........: 2,370.0 2,500.0 280.0 320.0 1,800.0 1,900.0 Utah ..........: 85.0 78.0 23.0 22.0 82.0 70.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 43.0 44.0 Virginia ......: 170.0 155.0 40.0 40.0 345.0 350.0 Washington ....: 160.0 180.0 19.0 18.0 146.0 157.0 West Virginia .: 45.0 44.0 14.0 13.0 62.0 62.0 Wisconsin .....: 380.0 375.0 30.0 35.0 650.0 700.0 Wyoming .......: 150.0 135.0 40.0 40.0 95.0 85.0 : United States .: 15,667.9 15,778.5 2,037.8 2,104.4 13,557.9 13,676.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop - States and United States: 2013 and 2014 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2013 : 2014 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Alabama ................................: 600.0 570.0 95 Alaska .................................: 3.3 3.3 100 Arizona ................................: 280.0 290.0 104 Arkansas ...............................: 750.0 730.0 97 California .............................: 2,010.0 1,950.0 97 Colorado ...............................: 740.0 760.0 103 Connecticut ............................: 18.5 19.0 103 Delaware ...............................: 5.0 6.0 120 Florida ................................: 830.0 830.0 100 Georgia ................................: 480.0 480.0 100 : Hawaii .................................: 60.0 56.0 93 Idaho ..................................: 940.0 950.0 101 Illinois ...............................: 385.0 410.0 106 Indiana ................................: 325.0 330.0 102 Iowa ...................................: 1,020.0 1,050.0 103 Kansas .................................: 1,280.0 1,320.0 103 Kentucky ...............................: 950.0 950.0 100 Louisiana ..............................: 370.0 360.0 97 Maine ..................................: 32.0 32.0 100 Maryland ...............................: 67.0 70.0 104 : Massachusetts ..........................: 18.0 17.0 94 Michigan ...............................: 395.0 395.0 100 Minnesota ..............................: 780.0 780.0 100 Mississippi ............................: 400.0 375.0 94 Missouri ...............................: 1,730.0 1,760.0 102 Montana ................................: 1,470.0 1,480.0 101 Nebraska ...............................: 1,680.0 1,610.0 96 Nevada .................................: 210.0 195.0 93 New Hampshire ..........................: 13.5 13.5 100 New Jersey .............................: 9.5 9.0 95 : New Mexico .............................: 560.0 560.0 100 New York ...............................: 540.0 510.0 94 North Carolina .........................: 355.0 365.0 103 North Dakota ...........................: 890.0 860.0 97 Ohio ...................................: 480.0 460.0 96 Oklahoma ...............................: 1,670.0 1,780.0 107 Oregon .................................: 620.0 630.0 102 Pennsylvania ...........................: 570.0 520.0 91 Rhode Island ...........................: 2.2 2.2 100 South Carolina .........................: 150.0 160.0 107 : South Dakota ...........................: 1,680.0 1,620.0 96 Tennessee ..............................: 830.0 840.0 101 Texas ..................................: 3,800.0 4,000.0 105 Utah ...................................: 380.0 385.0 101 Vermont ................................: 116.0 107.0 92 Virginia ...............................: 640.0 650.0 102 Washington .............................: 425.0 410.0 96 West Virginia ..........................: 180.0 180.0 100 Wisconsin ..............................: 1,350.0 1,400.0 104 Wyoming ................................: 640.0 660.0 103 : United States ..........................: 33,730.0 33,900.0 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2014 and 2015 [Cattle and calves on feed are animals for slaughter market being fed a ration of grain or other concentrates and are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by classes] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2014 : 2015 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Arizona ................................: 274.0 252.0 92 California .............................: 510.0 430.0 84 Colorado ...............................: 960.0 950.0 99 Idaho ..................................: 240.0 240.0 100 Illinois ...............................: 260.0 230.0 88 Indiana ................................: 110.0 100.0 91 Iowa ...................................: 1,230.0 1,220.0 99 Kansas .................................: 2,130.0 2,180.0 102 Kentucky ...............................: 18.0 15.0 83 Maryland ...............................: 10.0 10.0 100 : Michigan ...............................: 150.0 160.0 107 Minnesota ..............................: 375.0 385.0 103 Missouri ...............................: 75.0 70.0 93 Montana ................................: 55.0 40.0 73 Nebraska ...............................: 2,450.0 2,550.0 104 Nevada .................................: 4.0 6.0 150 New York ...............................: 23.0 26.0 113 North Dakota ...........................: 40.0 45.0 113 Ohio ...................................: 160.0 170.0 106 Oklahoma ...............................: 265.0 265.0 100 : Oregon .................................: 75.0 85.0 113 Pennsylvania ...........................: 110.0 90.0 82 South Dakota ...........................: 400.0 410.0 103 Tennessee ..............................: 3.0 5.0 167 Texas ..................................: 2,450.0 2,510.0 102 Utah ...................................: 26.0 24.0 92 Virginia ...............................: 20.0 20.0 100 Washington .............................: 201.0 210.0 104 West Virginia ..........................: 5.0 4.0 80 Wisconsin ..............................: 260.0 260.0 100 : Wyoming ................................: 75.0 75.0 100 : Other States 1/ ........................: 54.3 56.0 103 : United States ..........................: 13,018.3 13,093.0 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2014 and 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of States : 2014 : 2015 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- million head -- percent : Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas .......: 1.61 1.93 120 : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2012 and 2014 [Due to sequestration, the 2013 July Cattle survey was not conducted.] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2012 : 2014 : 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 97,800.0 96,000.0 98 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 39,700.0 38,900.0 98 Beef cows .........................: 30,467.0 29,633.0 97 Milk cows .........................: 9,233.0 9,267.0 100 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 15,700.0 15,400.0 98 For beef cow replacement ..........: 4,200.0 4,300.0 102 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,100.0 4,100.0 100 Other heifers .....................: 7,400.0 7,000.0 95 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 14,000.0 13,700.0 98 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 1,900.0 1,900.0 100 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 26,500.0 26,100.0 98 : Calf crop ...........................: 34,469.0 33,900.0 98 : Cattle on feed ......................: 12,600.0 11,900.0 94 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2013 and 2014 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2013 : 2014 :----------------------------------------------------------- Period : : Percent of : : Percent of : Number : total : Number : total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent 1,000 head percent : January 1 - June 30 .: 24,500.0 72.6 24,600.0 72.6 July 1 - December 31 : 9,230.0 27.4 9,300.0 27.4 : Total ...............: 33,730.0 100.0 33,900.0 100.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all cattle producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations. Data were collected from about 38,200 operators during the first half of January by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews and 72 percent of the reports were usable. Regardless of when operators responded, they were asked to report inventories as of January 1. Estimating Procedures: These cattle estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each State office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous year using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve year to year and item to item relationships. Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. The reviews are primarily based on livestock slaughter and additional foreign trade and survey data. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all cattle operators are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle inventory estimates over the past 10 years is 0.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 89.8 million head by more than 0.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.2 percent. The table on the following page shows a 10 year record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of all cattle and calves as an example, changes between the first inventory estimate and the latest estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 555,000 head, ranging from 230,000 to 830,000 head. During this period the initial inventory estimate has been above the latest estimate 4 times and below the latest estimate 6 times. This does not imply that the January 1 estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates [Based on data for the past ten years] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Above latest : Below latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent ------ 1,000 head ----- ----- number ---- : All cattle & calves ..........: 0.6 1.2 555 230 830 4 6 : All cows .....................: 0.7 1.2 224 42 505 4 6 : Calf crop ....................: 1.0 1.8 285 44 674 5 5 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Travis Averill - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ...... (202) 720-3040 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 720-3240 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs .................. (202) 720-3106 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 690-3236 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Evan Schulz - Sheep and Goats ................ (202) 720-6147 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the "Follow NASS" box under "Receive reports by Email," click on "National" or "State" to select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov.