Mt An 2 (1-99) Cattle National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 29, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Cattle" call Greg Thessen at (202) 720-3040, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. January 1 Cattle Inventory Down 1 Percent All cattle and calves in the United States as of January 1, 1999, totaled 98.5 million head, 1 percent below the 99.7 million on January 1, 1998 and 3 percent below the 101.7 million two years ago. All cows and heifers that have calved, at 42.6 million, were 1 percent below the 43.1 million on January 1, 1998 and 3 percent below the 43.8 million two years ago. Beef cows, at 33.5 million, were down 1 percent from January 1, 1998 and 3 percent below two years ago. Milk cows, at 9.14 million, were down 1 percent from January 1, 1998 and 2 percent below two years ago. Other class estimates on January 1, 1999, and the changes from January 1 last year and two years ago, respectively, are as follows: All heifers 500 pounds and over, 19.6 million, down 1 percent and down 3 percent. Beef replacement heifers, 5.55 million, down 4 percent and down 8 percent. Milk replacement heifers, 4.06 million, up 2 percent and slightly above two years ago . Other heifers, 9.99 million, down 1 percent and down 2 percent. Steers weighing 500 pounds and over, 16.8 million, down 2 percent and down 3 percent. Bulls weighing 500 pounds and over, 2.28 million, slightly above and down 3 percent. Calves under 500 pounds, 17.2 million, down 1 percent and down 4 percent. All cattle and calves on feed for slaughter, 13.2 million, down 3 percent and slightly above two years ago. Calf Crop Down 1 Percent The 1998 calf crop was estimated at 38.6 million head, down 1 percent from 1997 and down 3 percent from 1996. Calves born during the first half of the year are estimated at 28.4 million, down 1 percent from 1997 and down 3 percent from 1996. Cattle Operations Down 3 Percent The number of operations with cattle totaled 1,115,650 during 1998, down 3 percent from 1997 and 5 percent below 1996. Beef cow operations in 1998 were down 2 percent from 1997 and 3 percent below 1996. Milk cow operations were 6 percent below last year and 11 percent below two years ago. The three operation classes, cattle, beef cows, and milk cows, are classified into size groups independently. Therefore, it is possible to have more beef cow operations in a particular size group than cattle operations. As an example, an operator with 75 cattle and 40 beef cows would be classified in the 50-99 size group for cattle and the 1-49 size group for beef cows. Revisions Final estimates, including revisions made by the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB), for the production years 1994 through 1998 were published in the Cattle - Final Estimates 1994-98, Statistical Bulletin No. 953. Data included in that publication provide a historic record and a benchmark for current estimates. This report was approved on January 29, 1999. Acting Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Keith J. Collins Rich Allen Cattle and Calves: Number by Class and Calf Crop, United States, January 1, 1997-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 1999 as Class : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : % of 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 Head ------- Percent : Cattle and Calves : 101,656 99,744 98,522 99 : Cows and Heifers That Have Calved : 43,776 43,084 42,615 99 Beef Cows : 34,458 33,885 33,472 99 Milk Cows : 9,318 9,199 9,143 99 : Heifers 500 Pounds and Over : 20,312 19,800 19,604 99 For Beef Cow Replacement : 6,042 5,764 5,550 96 For Milk Cow Replacement : 4,058 3,986 4,060 102 Other Heifers : 10,212 10,051 9,994 99 : Steers 500 Pounds and Over : 17,392 17,189 16,836 98 Bulls 500 Pounds and Over : 2,350 2,270 2,276 100 Calves Under 500 Pounds : 17,826 17,401 17,190 99 :------------------------------------------ : : : : 1998 as : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : % of 1997 :------------------------------------------ Calf Crop : 39,823 38,961 38,582 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Cattle and Calves: Balance Sheet, United States, 1996-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Item : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Head : January 1 Beginning Inventory : 103.5 101.7 99.7 Calf Crop and Imports : 41.8 41.0 40.5 : Total Supply 2/ : 145.3 142.7 140.3 : Slaughter : 38.6 38.1 37.1 Deaths and Exports : 4.7 4.9 4.5 : Total Disappearance 2/ : 43.3 43.0 41.6 : Residual 2/ : -0.4 0.0 -0.1 : January 1 Ending Inventory : 101.7 99.7 98.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final 1997 and preliminary 1998 estimates will be published in the "Meat Animals - Production, Disposition and Income" report published in April 1999. 2/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Cattle and Calves: Number by Class, State, and United States, January 1, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All Cattle and Calves : All Cows That Have Calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 1999 as : : : 1999 as : 1998 : 1999 : % of 98 : 1998 : 1999 : % of 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 Head ---- Percent ---- 1,000 Head ---- Percent : AL : 1,550 1,500 97 850 820 96 AK : 12.0 11.5 96 4.8 4.9 102 AZ : 820 810 99 350 350 100 AR : 1,800 1,820 101 970 970 100 CA : 4,900 5,000 102 2,220 2,240 101 CO : 3,250 3,150 97 940 910 97 CT : 68 64 94 37 35 95 DE : 28 29 104 13 13 100 FL : 1,870 1,800 96 1,170 1,130 97 GA : 1,300 1,300 100 720 710 99 HI : 180 173 96 97 95 98 ID : 1,860 1,900 102 800 800 100 IL : 1,510 1,490 99 570 570 100 IN : 1,000 1,010 101 420 420 100 IA : 3,700 3,650 99 1,230 1,220 99 KS : 6,550 6,550 100 1,540 1,590 103 KY : 2,480 2,420 98 1,310 1,240 95 LA : 930 900 97 570 550 96 ME : 105 100 95 53 51 96 MD : 260 250 96 135 135 100 MA : 62 57 92 34 30 88 MI : 1,050 1,050 100 415 405 98 MN : 2,500 2,500 100 950 930 98 MS : 1,200 1,160 97 650 630 97 MO : 4,350 4,400 101 2,220 2,230 100 MT : 2,600 2,600 100 1,560 1,550 99 NE : 6,750 6,650 99 2,010 2,010 100 NV : 510 510 100 265 260 98 NH : 44 48 109 24 25 104 NJ : 59 53 90 32 28 88 NM : 1,600 1,620 101 780 790 101 NY : 1,480 1,460 99 780 780 100 NC : 960 980 102 500 500 100 ND : 1,820 1,920 105 960 1,030 107 OH : 1,300 1,220 94 570 530 93 OK : 5,400 5,200 96 2,050 1,950 95 OR : 1,520 1,530 101 770 750 97 PA : 1,690 1,670 99 790 770 97 RI : 6.0 6.0 100 3.2 3.5 109 SC : 480 480 100 255 255 100 SD : 3,700 3,850 104 1,720 1,760 102 TN : 2,260 2,180 96 1,170 1,130 97 TX : 14,500 14,000 97 5,880 5,870 100 UT : 910 890 98 445 430 97 VT : 310 310 100 176 170 97 VA : 1,700 1,700 100 820 810 99 WA : 1,210 1,150 95 550 520 95 WV : 440 440 100 225 225 100 WI : 3,500 3,400 97 1,600 1,560 98 WY : 1,660 1,560 94 880 830 94 : US : 99,744.0 98,521.5 99 43,084.0 42,615.4 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle and Calves: Number by Class, State, and United States, January 1, 1998-99 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef Cows That Have Calved : Milk Cows That Have Calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 1999 as : : : 1999 as : 1998 : 1999 : % of 98 : 1998 : 1999 : % of 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 Head ---- Percent ---- 1,000 Head --- Percent : AL : 822 793 96 28 27 96 AK : 3.9 4.0 103 0.9 0.9 100 AZ : 220 218 99 130 132 102 AR : 919 919 100 51 51 100 CA : 820 800 98 1,400 1,440 103 CO : 856 827 97 84 83 99 CT : 7 7 100 30 28 93 DE : 3 3 100 10 10 100 FL : 1,010 973 96 160 157 98 GA : 624 620 99 96 90 94 HI : 88 86 98 9 9 100 ID : 520 498 96 280 302 108 IL : 440 445 101 130 125 96 IN : 285 283 99 135 137 101 IA : 1,005 1,000 100 225 220 98 KS : 1,461 1,506 103 79 84 106 KY : 1,165 1,105 95 145 135 93 LA : 504 486 96 66 64 97 ME : 12 8 67 41 43 105 MD : 49 49 100 86 86 100 MA : 7 6 86 27 24 89 MI : 115 105 91 300 300 100 MN : 395 385 97 555 545 98 MS : 604 591 98 46 39 85 MO : 2,045 2,065 101 175 165 94 MT : 1,542 1,532 99 18 18 100 NE : 1,940 1,938 100 70 72 103 NV : 239 234 98 26 26 100 NH : 4 4 100 20 21 105 NJ : 13 10 77 19 18 95 NM : 564 572 101 216 218 101 NY : 80 78 98 700 702 100 NC : 422 427 101 78 73 94 ND : 906 980 108 54 50 93 OH : 305 270 89 265 260 98 OK : 1,959 1,858 95 91 92 101 OR : 682 662 97 88 88 100 PA : 165 151 92 625 619 99 RI : 1.1 1.3 118 2.1 2.2 105 SC : 230 231 100 25 24 96 SD : 1,619 1,658 102 101 102 101 TN : 1,060 1,030 97 110 100 91 TX : 5,510 5,530 100 370 340 92 UT : 355 335 94 90 95 106 VT : 13 8 62 163 162 99 VA : 695 688 99 125 122 98 WA : 300 272 91 250 248 99 WV : 207 207 100 18 18 100 WI : 220 190 86 1,380 1,370 99 WY : 874 824 94 6 6 100 : US : 33,885.0 33,472.3 99 9,199.0 9,143.1 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle and Calves: Number by Class, State, and United States, January 1, 1998-99 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Heifers 500 Pounds and Over :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Beef Cow Replacement : Milk Cow Replacement : Other :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head : AL : 122 111 11 9 42 50 AK : 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 AZ : 38 40 26 23 26 34 AR : 170 170 20 20 50 55 CA : 145 145 670 710 165 175 CO : 150 140 45 45 745 705 CT : 2 1 13 12 1 1 DE : 1.0 0.9 2.6 2.7 1.0 1.4 FL : 145 140 40 40 25 20 GA : 94 85 32 29 33 35 HI : 16 16 4 4 8 5 ID : 95 95 135 135 210 210 IL : 60 55 65 60 210 210 IN : 45 45 60 62 75 80 IA : 150 140 100 120 625 620 KS : 230 250 40 45 1,440 1,450 KY : 160 150 55 55 95 105 LA : 84 85 16 15 16 18 ME : 5.0 2.7 19.0 20.0 1.0 0.3 MD : 14 14 29 29 12 8 MA : 2.0 1.2 10.0 13.0 1.0 0.8 MI : 30 32 140 145 40 45 MN : 85 90 290 290 165 170 MS : 117 107 19 17 32 32 MO : 290 265 75 75 250 260 MT : 350 340 8 10 210 225 NE : 300 300 30 30 1,500 1,520 NV : 47 43 10 8 37 35 NH : 1.5 1.5 8.0 10.0 0.5 0.5 NJ : 4 3 6 7 1 1 NM : 110 105 50 55 135 135 NY : 30 20 310 310 40 40 NC : 70 70 30 30 20 19 ND : 160 165 20 15 210 210 OH : 65 55 115 125 70 65 OK : 360 320 40 30 530 480 OR : 165 150 50 55 135 145 PA : 45 42 275 280 45 48 RI : 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 SC : 42 42 10 10 15 13 SD : 260 265 25 35 495 490 TN : 180 155 50 45 70 70 TX : 800 820 100 110 1,700 1,650 UT : 68 72 50 43 80 70 VT : 5 4 60 68 2 2 VA : 113 115 60 63 70 70 WA : 60 45 93 98 122 117 WV : 37 35 7 5 31 29 WI : 45 40 660 640 80 80 WY : 195 160 1 1 184 189 : US : 5,763.9 5,549.8 3,985.7 4,059.7 10,050.7 9,994.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle and Calves: Number by Class, State, and United States, January 1, 1998-99 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers : Bulls : Calves : 500 Pounds and Over : 500 Pounds and Over : Under 500 Pounds State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head : AL : 70 72 55 53 400 385 AK : 1.0 0.9 2.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 AZ : 250 210 20 22 110 131 AR : 85 85 55 55 450 465 CA : 645 635 65 65 990 1,030 CO : 1,060 1,040 50 50 260 260 CT : 1.5 2.5 0.5 0.5 13.0 12.0 DE : 4.4 3.5 0.5 0.5 5.5 7.0 FL : 40 35 65 60 385 375 GA : 40 50 41 41 340 350 HI : 10 8 5 5 40 40 ID : 360 365 40 40 220 255 IL : 300 305 30 30 275 260 IN : 157 160 23 23 220 220 IA : 915 960 70 70 610 520 KS : 2,380 2,260 80 85 840 870 KY : 195 225 75 75 590 570 LA : 23 25 31 32 190 175 ME : 4.0 3.5 2.0 1.5 21.0 21.0 MD : 17 13 5 5 48 46 MA : 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.5 11.0 9.0 MI : 195 195 20 18 210 210 MN : 455 455 35 35 520 530 MS : 58 51 44 43 280 280 MO : 480 510 125 120 910 940 MT : 255 255 97 100 120 120 NE : 2,250 2,140 100 105 560 545 NV : 49 57 14 15 88 92 NH : 1.5 2.0 0.5 0.5 8.0 8.5 NJ : 4 4 2 1 10 9 NM : 210 205 50 50 265 280 NY : 30 30 20 20 270 260 NC : 49 52 31 34 260 275 ND : 280 270 50 55 140 175 OH : 180 155 30 30 270 260 OK : 1,150 1,160 130 120 1,140 1,140 OR : 150 180 40 40 210 210 PA : 180 175 25 25 330 330 RI : 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.9 SC : 22 20 20 20 116 120 SD : 670 750 80 90 450 460 TN : 110 120 70 70 610 590 TX : 2,790 2,550 380 380 2,850 2,620 UT : 120 120 22 22 125 133 VT : 3.0 2.5 4.0 3.5 60.0 60.0 VA : 190 190 42 42 405 410 WA : 190 185 27 26 168 159 WV : 52 52 13 14 75 80 WI : 315 290 30 30 770 760 WY : 190 200 50 50 160 130 : US : 17,188.9 16,835.9 2,269.5 2,276.0 17,401.3 17,190.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop: Number by State and United States, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 1998 as State : 1997 : 1998 : % 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- 1,000 Head ---------- Percent : AL : 770 740 96 AK : 3.7 4.0 108 AZ : 285 285 100 AR : 830 840 101 CA : 1,880 1,900 101 CO : 870 850 98 CT : 32 29 91 DE : 9.0 9.5 106 FL : 980 950 97 GA : 580 590 102 HI : 77 73 95 ID : 760 770 101 IL : 520 520 100 IN : 380 380 100 IA : 1,140 1,130 99 KS : 1,430 1,450 101 KY : 1,200 1,160 97 LA : 445 430 97 ME : 48 48 100 MD : 114 110 96 MA : 27 24 89 MI : 385 365 95 MN : 930 900 97 MS : 570 540 95 MO : 2,090 2,070 99 MT : 1,510 1,500 99 NE : 1,820 1,820 100 NV : 220 220 100 NH : 21 22 105 NJ : 26 22 85 NM : 600 620 103 NY : 670 660 99 NC : 440 450 102 ND : 940 960 102 OH : 510 480 94 OK : 1,920 1,840 96 OR : 710 690 97 PA : 710 690 97 RI : 3.2 2.6 81 SC : 205 205 100 SD : 1,700 1,700 100 TN : 1,070 1,040 97 TX : 5,150 5,250 102 UT : 390 380 97 VT : 160 158 99 VA : 750 740 99 WA : 500 470 94 WV : 200 205 103 WI : 1,510 1,460 97 WY : 870 830 95 : US : 38,960.9 38,582.1 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle and Calves: Total Number on Feed by State and United States, January 1, 1998-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 1999 as State : 1998 : 1999 : % of 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head --------- Percent : AL : 4 4 100 AZ : 245 206 84 AR : 10 15 150 CA : 400 400 100 CO : 1,140 1,160 102 GA : 5 2 40 ID : 295 295 100 IL : 250 240 96 IN : 170 165 97 IA : 1,000 1,020 102 KS : 2,370 2,160 91 KY : 20 15 75 LA : 1 MD : 15 13 87 MI : 200 200 100 MN : 265 270 102 MS : 3 MO : 100 105 105 MT : 80 70 88 NE : 2,300 2,240 97 NV : 24 16 67 NJ : 4 4 100 NM : 123 118 96 NY : 30 30 100 NC : 10 8 80 ND : 70 75 107 OH : 175 180 103 OK : 435 415 95 OR : 60 65 108 PA : 75 75 100 SC : 7 6 86 SD : 310 355 115 TN : 20 15 75 TX : 2,860 2,730 95 UT : 40 40 100 VA : 30 30 100 WA : 200 200 100 WV : 10 10 100 WI : 155 150 97 WY : 85 100 118 : Oth Sts 2/: 12 12 100 : US : 13,608 13,214 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cattle and calves on feed are animals for slaughter market being fed a ration of grain or other concentrates and are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by classes. 2/ Other States include AK, CT, DE, FL, HI, ME, MA, NH, RI, and VT. Includes LA and MS for 1999. Cattle and Calves: Number by Class and Calf Crop United States, July 1, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 1998 as Class : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 1/ : % of 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 Head ------- Percent : Cattle and Calves : 111,600 109,200 107,700 99 : Cows and Heifers That Have Calved : 45,100 44,100 43,600 99 Beef Cows : 35,700 34,800 34,400 99 Milk Cows : 9,400 9,300 9,200 99 : Heifers 500 Pounds and Over : 17,300 17,100 16,700 98 For Beef Cow Replacement : 5,500 5,300 5,000 94 For Milk Cow Replacement : 3,700 3,600 3,600 100 Other Heifers : 8,100 8,200 8,100 99 : Steers 500 Pounds and Over : 15,100 14,800 14,600 99 Bulls 500 Pounds and Over : 2,400 2,300 2,200 96 Calves Under 500 Pounds : 31,700 30,900 30,600 99 : Calf Crop : 39,823 38,961 38,582 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. Calf Crop: Number and Percent of Total by Six Month Period, United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :----------------------------------------------------------- Period : : % of : : % of : : % of : Number : Total : Number : Total : Number : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Hd Percent 1,000 Hd Percent 1,000 Hd Percent : Jan 1 - Jun 30 : 29,300 73.6 28,600 73.4 28,400 73.6 Jul 1 - Dec 31 : 10,523 26.4 10,361 26.6 10,182 26.4 : Total : 39,823 100.0 38,961 100.0 38,582 100.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle and Calves: Balance Sheet, United States, January 1 - June 30, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Item : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Head : January 1 Inventory : 103.5 101.7 99.7 Calf Crop and Imports : 30.4 29.6 29.4 : Total Supply 1/ : 133.9 131.3 129.2 : Slaughter : 19.5 19.1 18.5 Deaths and Exports : 2.6 2.8 2.6 : Total Disappearance 1/ : 22.2 21.8 21.0 : Residual 1/ : -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 : July 1 Inventory : 111.6 109.2 107.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Cattle and Calves: Number of Operations by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations With Cattle and Calves State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 30,000 30,000 AK : 120 120 AZ : 3,300 3,200 AR : 31,000 31,000 CA : 24,000 23,000 CO : 14,700 15,500 CT : 1,200 1,200 DE : 450 450 FL : 22,000 22,000 GA : 24,000 23,000 HI : 830 830 ID : 12,000 12,000 IL : 26,000 26,000 IN : 25,000 24,000 IA : 41,000 39,000 KS : 37,000 37,000 KY : 52,000 50,000 LA : 16,500 15,500 ME : 2,200 2,000 MD : 5,100 4,500 MA : 1,400 1,400 MI : 17,500 16,000 MN : 33,000 31,000 MS : 27,000 26,000 MO : 71,000 69,000 MT : 13,600 14,000 NE : 28,000 29,000 NV : 1,700 1,700 NH : 950 950 NJ : 1,800 1,800 NM : 8,600 8,700 NY : 18,000 17,500 NC : 33,000 30,000 ND : 14,000 14,300 OH : 30,000 30,000 OK : 64,000 62,000 OR : 18,100 17,200 PA : 29,000 28,000 RI : 200 200 SC : 11,500 11,000 SD : 20,000 21,000 TN : 57,000 55,000 TX : 149,000 147,000 UT : 7,800 8,000 VT : 3,200 3,200 VA : 32,000 29,000 WA : 20,000 17,000 WV : 15,000 14,000 WI : 47,000 45,000 WY : 6,300 6,400 : US : 1,148,050 1,115,650 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more head of cattle on hand at any time during the year. Cattle and Calves: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-49 Head : 50-99 Head : 100-499 Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 21,000 21,000 4,600 4,500 4,100 4,200 AZ : 2,000 1,900 350 350 650 650 AR : 19,500 20,000 7,000 6,500 4,200 4,200 CA : 16,000 15,400 2,200 1,900 3,500 3,400 CO : 7,400 8,100 2,100 2,600 4,200 3,700 FL : 16,800 17,000 2,200 2,250 2,400 2,100 GA : 17,200 16,300 3,700 3,700 2,800 2,700 ID : 7,000 7,000 1,700 1,700 2,640 2,630 IL : 16,900 16,800 4,800 4,800 4,100 4,200 IN : 19,000 18,500 3,500 3,200 2,380 2,170 IA : 19,500 19,500 9,550 9,000 11,000 9,650 KS : 17,500 17,700 7,800 7,700 10,000 10,000 KY : 36,000 35,000 9,500 9,000 6,250 5,750 LA : 11,300 10,700 2,600 2,300 2,350 2,300 MD : 3,500 3,000 750 680 810 785 MI : 11,500 11,000 2,800 2,280 3,000 2,500 MN : 15,200 15,200 9,800 8,100 7,600 7,300 MS : 20,000 19,000 3,700 3,700 3,100 3,100 MO : 44,000 43,000 14,500 14,000 12,000 11,400 MT : 5,100 5,500 2,200 2,250 5,100 5,100 NE : 9,800 10,700 5,900 5,900 10,000 10,000 NM : 4,700 4,800 1,100 1,200 2,000 1,900 NY : 9,100 8,800 4,100 3,900 4,500 4,500 NC : 27,500 25,000 3,600 3,200 1,810 1,710 ND : 4,000 4,300 3,500 3,600 5,900 5,800 OH : 23,000 23,000 3,900 3,800 2,980 3,030 OK : 40,000 38,000 11,300 11,200 11,300 11,300 OR : 13,900 12,600 1,500 1,630 2,100 2,300 PA : 17,000 16,000 7,000 7,000 4,850 4,840 SD : 5,400 6,300 4,000 4,200 8,900 8,800 TN : 43,000 41,000 8,200 8,500 5,600 5,300 TX : 96,000 96,000 25,000 24,000 24,000 23,000 UT : 4,200 4,500 1,000 1,220 2,200 1,900 VT : 1,340 1,400 800 750 1,000 990 VA : 22,000 19,000 5,200 5,400 4,500 4,300 WA : 16,500 13,500 1,100 1,100 2,000 2,000 WI : 20,000 19,000 12,800 12,000 13,770 13,540 WY : 2,100 2,100 1,000 1,000 2,300 2,400 : Oth Sts : 29,100 27,400 4,200 4,200 3,500 3,500 : US : 715,040 695,000 200,550 194,310 205,390 198,945 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Cattle and Calves: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 500-999 Head : 1,000+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 240 240 60 60 AZ : 150 150 150 150 AR : 230 230 70 70 CA : 1,100 1,100 1,200 1,200 CO : 600 650 400 450 FL : 300 350 300 300 GA : 250 240 50 60 ID : 400 400 260 270 IL : 150 150 50 50 IN : 90 100 30 30 IA : 600 600 350 250 KS : 1,100 1,000 600 600 KY : 200 200 50 50 LA : 210 160 40 40 MD : 30 25 10 10 MI : 160 160 40 60 MN : 300 300 100 100 MS : 150 150 50 50 MO : 410 470 90 130 MT : 800 800 400 350 NE : 1,350 1,450 950 950 NM : 400 400 400 400 NY : 230 220 70 80 NC : 70 70 20 20 ND : 520 520 80 80 OH : 100 140 20 30 OK : 900 1,000 500 500 OR : 400 440 200 230 PA : 120 130 30 30 SD : 1,200 1,200 500 500 TN : 170 170 30 30 TX : 2,700 2,600 1,300 1,400 UT : 260 250 140 130 VT : 50 50 10 10 VA : 250 250 50 50 WA : 240 250 160 150 WI : 360 390 70 70 WY : 600 600 300 300 : Oth Sts : 360 360 190 190 : US : 17,750 17,965 9,320 9,430 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more head of cattle on hand at any time during the year. Cattle and Calves: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-49 Head : 50-99 Head :100-499 Head :500-999 Head : 1,000+ Head :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 24.0 24.0 18.0 17.0 44.0 45.0 9.3 9.3 4.7 4.7 AZ : 2.5 3.0 2.5 2.5 17.0 17.0 10.0 10.5 68.0 67.0 AR : 20.0 22.0 25.0 24.0 42.0 41.0 7.0 7.0 6.0 6.0 CA : 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.7 17.5 16.0 16.0 17.0 60.0 61.0 CO : 4.0 4.6 4.3 5.6 28.0 24.0 12.7 12.8 51.0 53.0 FL : 13.0 13.0 8.0 8.0 25.0 23.0 10.0 13.0 44.0 43.0 GA : 24.0 23.0 20.0 20.0 39.0 38.0 11.0 11.0 6.0 8.0 ID : 6.0 6.0 7.0 6.5 31.0 30.0 15.0 14.5 41.0 43.0 IL : 21.0 20.0 21.0 21.0 47.0 47.0 6.0 6.5 5.0 5.5 IN : 32.0 32.0 22.0 21.0 37.0 37.0 5.0 6.0 4.0 4.0 IA : 9.0 10.0 17.0 17.0 52.0 50.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 12.0 KS : 5.4 6.0 8.6 8.0 31.0 29.0 12.0 10.0 43.0 47.0 KY : 27.0 28.0 24.5 24.0 41.0 39.5 4.9 5.1 2.6 3.4 LA : 21.0 22.0 18.0 15.0 41.0 45.0 13.0 11.0 7.0 7.0 MD : 19.0 19.0 17.5 16.5 52.0 53.0 6.5 6.5 5.0 5.0 MI : 15.0 18.0 18.0 15.0 51.0 46.0 9.0 10.0 7.0 11.0 MN : 12.0 12.0 25.0 23.0 50.0 50.0 7.0 8.0 6.0 7.0 MS : 27.0 27.0 21.0 21.0 40.0 37.0 7.0 7.0 5.0 8.0 MO : 20.0 19.0 21.0 21.0 49.0 48.0 6.0 7.0 4.0 5.0 MT : 3.5 4.0 5.5 6.0 42.0 44.0 20.0 20.0 29.0 26.0 NE : 3.2 3.3 6.3 6.1 31.5 31.0 14.0 14.6 45.0 45.0 NM : 4.0 4.5 4.0 4.5 23.0 24.0 16.0 15.0 53.0 52.0 NY : 10.0 11.0 20.0 19.0 53.0 52.0 10.0 10.0 7.0 8.0 NC : 37.0 34.0 23.0 22.0 32.0 35.0 4.7 4.9 3.3 4.1 ND : 4.5 5.5 11.5 11.0 62.0 61.0 16.0 16.0 6.0 6.5 OH : 34.0 29.0 20.0 20.0 39.0 41.0 4.5 6.5 2.5 3.5 OK : 15.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 38.0 37.0 11.0 12.0 22.0 23.0 OR : 11.0 11.0 9.0 7.0 35.0 31.0 17.0 20.0 28.0 31.0 PA : 17.0 17.0 26.0 26.0 49.0 49.0 4.9 5.0 3.1 3.0 SD : 3.3 4.0 7.7 8.0 50.0 49.0 19.0 20.0 20.0 19.0 TN : 33.0 35.0 24.0 24.0 37.0 34.0 4.0 5.0 2.0 2.0 TX : 12.0 12.0 12.0 11.0 32.0 31.0 12.0 12.0 32.0 34.0 UT : 6.7 7.5 7.3 9.5 46.0 43.0 17.0 18.0 23.0 22.0 VT : 8.0 8.0 18.0 18.0 57.0 57.0 10.0 11.0 7.0 6.0 VA : 26.0 22.0 19.0 20.0 43.0 44.0 8.0 10.0 4.0 4.0 WA : 12.0 11.0 6.0 6.0 35.0 36.0 14.0 14.0 33.0 33.0 WI : 9.7 9.7 23.0 22.0 58.0 58.0 6.5 7.5 2.8 2.8 WY : 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 29.0 32.0 24.0 24.0 41.0 37.0 : Oth Sts : 20.0 20.0 14.0 14.0 34.0 34.0 11.0 11.0 21.0 21.0 : US : 12.5 12.5 13.5 12.9 38.1 37.0 11.4 11.8 24.5 25.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Percents reflect average distributions of various probability surveys conducted during the year but are based primarily on beginning-of-year and mid-year surveys. Beef Cows: Number of Operations by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations With Beef Cows 2/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 28,000 28,000 AK : 90 90 AZ : 2,300 2,300 AR : 28,000 28,000 CA : 14,800 14,500 CO : 10,200 11,700 CT : 700 750 DE : 220 240 FL : 20,000 20,000 GA : 22,000 22,000 HI : 750 750 ID : 8,000 8,000 IL : 17,800 17,700 IN : 16,000 15,500 IA : 28,000 28,000 KS : 29,000 29,000 KY : 44,000 42,000 LA : 14,100 12,900 ME : 1,200 1,000 MD : 2,900 2,800 MA : 800 850 MI : 8,500 7,800 MN : 16,000 15,800 MS : 25,000 24,000 MO : 60,000 59,000 MT : 11,800 12,700 NE : 23,000 23,000 NV : 1,400 1,400 NH : 550 550 NJ : 1,100 1,100 NM : 6,900 7,000 NY : 6,100 6,400 NC : 31,000 27,000 ND : 12,300 12,700 OH : 17,700 17,500 OK : 54,000 52,000 OR : 15,000 13,500 PA : 11,500 11,300 RI : 130 130 SC : 10,500 10,000 SD : 17,000 17,500 TN : 47,000 47,000 TX : 133,000 131,000 UT : 5,500 5,600 VT : 1,000 1,100 VA : 25,000 23,000 WA : 13,000 12,000 WV : 13,000 12,000 WI : 11,700 12,200 WY : 5,300 5,500 : US : 872,840 855,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more head of beef cows on hand at any time during the year. 2/ Included in operations with cattle. Beef Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-49 Head : 50-99 Head : 100-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 23,000 23,000 3,200 3,200 1,730 1,750 70 50 AZ : 1,400 1,450 300 300 500 450 100 100 AR : 22,800 22,800 3,500 3,500 1,640 1,640 60 60 CA : 11,400 11,100 1,300 1,300 1,800 1,800 300 300 CO : 5,800 7,200 1,700 1,900 2,450 2,350 250 250 FL : 16,400 16,500 1,600 1,600 1,660 1,570 340 330 GA : 18,500 18,700 2,280 2,160 1,200 1,100 20 40 ID : 5,500 5,500 1,000 1,000 1,360 1,360 140 140 IL : 15,700 15,500 1,600 1,600 490 585 10 15 IN : 14,900 14,400 850 850 250 250 IA : 21,000 21,000 5,000 5,000 1,950 1,970 50 30 KS : 19,000 19,600 5,500 5,500 4,350 3,760 150 140 KY : 38,000 36,000 4,400 4,200 1,570 1,770 30 30 LA : 11,200 10,600 1,400 1,100 1,430 1,130 70 70 MN : 13,500 13,600 2,000 1,650 480 530 20 20 MS : 21,000 20,000 3,000 3,000 950 950 50 50 MO : 48,000 47,000 8,200 8,200 3,690 3,680 110 120 MT : 4,800 5,700 2,150 2,300 4,300 4,200 550 500 NE : 12,800 12,700 4,800 4,800 4,900 5,000 500 500 NM : 4,300 4,500 1,000 1,000 1,350 1,250 250 250 ND : 5,500 6,000 3,500 3,500 3,240 3,140 60 60 OH : 16,700 16,500 750 740 240 250 10 10 OK : 42,000 40,000 8,000 7,900 3,800 3,900 200 200 OR : 12,000 10,900 1,500 1,070 1,300 1,300 200 230 PA : 11,000 10,800 370 390 130 110 SD : 7,200 8,000 4,500 4,000 5,000 5,200 300 300 TN : 42,000 42,000 3,700 3,700 1,275 1,280 25 20 TX :104,000 103,000 17,100 15,800 11,000 11,300 900 900 UT : 3,600 3,700 870 900 910 900 120 100 VA : 21,000 19,000 2,600 2,700 1,360 1,260 40 40 WA : 11,500 10,600 760 690 690 660 50 50 WY : 2,000 2,200 1,100 1,000 1,800 1,900 400 400 : Oth Sts : 84,900 79,700 4,700 4,600 1,870 1,680 170 180 : US :692,400 679,250 104,230 101,150 70,665 69,975 5,545 5,485 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more head of beef cows on hand at any time during the year. 2/ Included in operations with cattle. Missing data combined with other size groups. Beef Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-49 Head : 50-99 Head : 100-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 41.0 41.0 23.0 22.0 31.0 32.0 5.0 5.0 AZ : 8.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 40.0 37.0 45.0 48.0 AR : 40.0 43.0 25.0 25.0 31.0 28.0 4.0 4.0 CA : 14.0 13.0 10.0 10.0 42.0 43.0 34.0 34.0 CO : 11.0 14.0 13.0 15.0 54.0 50.0 22.0 21.0 FL : 20.0 18.0 9.0 10.0 29.0 27.0 42.0 45.0 GA : 46.0 44.0 22.0 22.0 30.0 29.0 2.0 5.0 ID : 16.0 16.0 13.0 13.0 48.0 48.0 23.0 23.0 IL : 59.0 56.0 24.0 24.0 15.8 18.2 1.2 1.8 IN : 67.0 68.0 19.0 18.0 14.0 14.0 IA : 39.0 39.5 31.0 30.0 27.0 28.0 3.0 2.5 KS : 26.0 28.0 22.0 24.0 45.0 41.0 7.0 7.0 KY : 53.0 53.0 25.0 23.0 20.5 22.5 1.5 1.5 LA : 30.0 34.0 17.0 16.0 43.0 38.0 10.0 12.0 MN : 48.0 50.0 32.0 28.0 16.5 18.5 3.5 3.5 MS : 43.0 43.0 25.0 23.0 27.0 28.0 5.0 6.0 MO : 41.0 42.0 27.0 26.0 27.0 27.0 5.0 5.0 MT : 6.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 56.0 56.0 29.0 27.0 NE : 13.0 13.0 17.0 17.0 47.0 47.0 23.0 23.0 NM : 10.0 12.0 11.0 11.0 43.0 42.0 36.0 35.0 ND : 14.0 14.5 23.0 22.0 59.0 59.0 4.0 4.5 OH : 72.0 71.0 15.0 15.0 11.0 11.7 2.0 2.3 OK : 35.0 35.0 25.0 23.0 32.0 34.0 8.0 8.0 OR : 18.0 18.0 16.0 10.0 41.0 40.0 25.0 32.0 PA : 74.0 74.0 14.0 15.0 12.0 11.0 SD : 11.0 11.0 19.0 17.0 57.0 58.0 13.0 14.0 TN : 58.0 58.0 22.0 23.0 18.5 17.5 1.5 1.5 TX : 29.0 29.0 20.0 18.0 35.0 37.0 16.0 16.0 UT : 12.0 15.0 15.0 17.0 45.0 45.0 28.0 23.0 VA : 48.0 45.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 27.0 4.0 4.0 WA : 30.0 27.0 16.0 15.0 38.0 40.0 16.0 18.0 WY : 5.0 5.0 8.0 8.0 46.0 48.0 41.0 39.0 : Oth Sts : 51.0 50.0 16.0 17.0 20.0 19.0 13.0 14.0 : US : 30.4 30.4 19.4 18.8 35.9 36.1 14.3 14.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Percents reflect average distributions of various probability surveys conducted during the year but are based primarily on beginning-of-year and mid-year surveys. 2/ Missing data combined with other size groups. Milk Cows: Number of Operations by State and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations With Milk Cows 2/ State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 450 380 AK : 30 30 AZ : 250 250 AR : 1,300 1,200 CA : 2,800 2,700 CO : 900 900 CT : 350 350 DE : 130 130 FL : 650 650 GA : 1,000 950 HI : 50 50 ID : 1,400 1,300 IL : 2,400 2,300 IN : 3,400 3,300 IA : 4,500 4,300 KS : 1,500 1,400 KY : 3,600 3,400 LA : 900 800 ME : 700 700 MD : 1,100 1,100 MA : 450 450 MI : 4,200 4,000 MN : 10,500 9,700 MS : 650 600 MO : 4,500 4,300 MT : 750 700 NE : 1,500 1,400 NV : 150 150 NH : 300 300 NJ : 350 300 NM : 600 500 NY : 9,000 8,700 NC : 1,200 1,100 ND : 1,300 1,200 OH : 6,000 5,500 OK : 2,200 2,100 OR : 1,100 1,000 PA : 11,300 10,900 RI : 40 40 SC : 350 300 SD : 2,000 1,800 TN : 2,100 2,000 TX : 3,500 3,200 UT : 900 900 VT : 2,000 1,900 VA : 1,800 1,800 WA : 1,400 1,300 WV : 800 800 WI : 25,000 23,000 WY : 350 300 : US : 123,700 116,430 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more head of milk cows, excluding cows used to nurse calves, on hand at any time during the year. 2/ Included in operations with cattle. Milk Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-29 Head : 30-49 Head : 50-99 Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AZ : 130 130 10 10 CA : 500 420 90 90 120 110 CO : 610 600 40 30 50 50 FL : 400 400 10 10 30 32 GA : 520 500 20 20 120 100 ID : 400 350 160 140 270 250 IL : 530 500 500 460 1,000 960 IN : 1,900 1,900 550 520 630 560 IA : 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,500 1,400 KY : 1,600 1,500 700 670 940 900 MD : 220 230 180 180 425 420 MI : 1,100 950 900 900 1,100 1,100 MN : 1,900 1,600 3,800 3,500 3,700 3,500 MO : 1,900 1,900 830 780 1,100 990 NM : 440 350 10 5 NY : 1,700 1,600 1,900 1,800 3,600 3,500 NC : 600 530 65 60 210 200 OH : 3,100 2,600 800 830 1,400 1,400 OR : 590 550 40 30 140 110 PA : 2,400 2,200 3,800 3,700 3,800 3,700 TN : 1,000 950 260 210 440 440 TX : 1,600 1,500 200 200 400 400 UT : 320 340 70 60 165 165 VT : 200 190 410 320 920 900 VA : 770 750 90 100 440 450 WA : 540 450 70 45 130 145 WI : 4,600 4,300 8,500 7,300 9,400 8,900 : Oth Sts : 8,200 7,200 2,100 2,000 3,800 3,580 : US : 39,070 35,690 27,285 25,155 35,850 34,277 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Milk Cows: Number of Operations by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/(continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 100-199 Head : 200-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AZ : 10 10 20 20 80 80 CA : 290 270 750 750 1,050 1,060 CO : 70 80 80 90 50 50 FL : 40 38 75 75 95 95 GA : 200 190 110 110 30 30 ID : 250 240 190 180 130 140 IL : 320 330 50 50 IN : 260 270 50 40 10 10 IA : 420 390 75 105 5 5 KY : 300 280 55 45 5 5 MD : 220 220 49 45 6 5 MI : 850 810 215 205 35 35 MN : 850 800 230 260 20 40 MO : 600 570 70 60 NM : 10 10 20 20 120 115 NY : 1,300 1,300 400 390 100 110 NC : 230 220 80 75 15 15 OH : 580 550 110 110 10 10 OR : 200 170 100 110 30 30 PA : 1,100 1,050 190 235 10 15 TN : 300 300 90 90 10 10 TX : 600 500 500 400 200 200 UT : 210 190 110 120 25 25 VT : 350 350 100 115 20 25 VA : 390 380 100 110 10 10 WA : 290 280 250 255 120 125 WI : 2,000 1,950 450 490 50 60 : Oth Sts : 1,800 2,000 600 590 100 110 : US : 14,040 13,748 5,119 5,145 2,336 2,415 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ An operation is any place having one or more milk cows, excluding cows used to nurse calves, on hand at any time during the year. 2/ Included in operations with cattle. Missing data combined with other size groups. Milk Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 1-29 Head : 30-49 Head : 50-99 Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 CA : 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 CO : 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.4 4.2 4.2 FL : 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.5 GA : 2.1 3.0 0.9 1.0 10.0 8.0 ID : 0.9 0.7 2.1 1.8 6.0 5.5 IL : 4.0 4.0 12.0 11.0 46.0 46.0 IN : 14.0 14.0 17.0 18.0 33.0 31.0 IA : 8.0 8.0 18.0 18.0 40.0 38.0 KY : 8.0 8.0 17.0 18.0 40.0 40.0 MD : 2.5 2.5 7.5 6.9 35.0 36.0 MI : 5.0 4.5 11.0 10.5 24.0 25.0 MN : 6.0 5.8 24.0 22.0 40.0 40.0 MO : 6.1 7.0 15.0 16.0 34.0 33.0 NM : 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 NY : 2.5 2.5 10.5 10.5 35.0 34.0 NC : 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 17.0 17.0 OH : 12.0 11.0 12.0 12.5 37.0 36.0 OR : 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.3 12.0 9.7 PA : 5.5 4.5 25.0 25.0 37.0 37.0 TN : 2.7 3.0 7.3 6.4 28.0 28.0 TX : 0.8 0.8 1.8 2.0 8.4 8.2 UT : 1.3 1.5 2.7 2.5 13.0 13.0 VT : 1.2 1.0 11.0 8.0 35.0 35.0 VA : 5.0 6.0 3.0 3.0 27.0 26.0 WA : 0.6 0.4 1.1 0.7 3.3 3.9 WI : 4.5 4.8 24.0 21.0 43.0 43.0 : Oth Sts : 3.5 3.5 8.5 7.7 31.0 29.5 : US : 3.5 3.6 11.5 10.1 26.0 26.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. --continued Milk Cows: Percent of Inventory by Size Group, Selected States, and United States, 1997-98 1/ (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Inventory on Operations Having :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 100-199 Head : 200-499 Head : 500+ Head :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AZ : 1.5 1.4 5.6 5.7 92.0 92.0 CA : 3.4 3.4 16.5 17.5 79.0 78.0 CO : 11.0 12.0 28.0 30.0 53.0 51.0 FL : 4.0 3.8 17.0 15.0 77.0 79.0 GA : 29.0 28.0 29.0 31.0 29.0 29.0 ID : 12.0 12.0 19.0 19.0 60.0 61.0 IL : 28.0 29.0 10.0 10.0 IN : 24.0 25.0 8.0 7.0 4.0 5.0 IA : 23.0 22.0 9.0 12.0 2.0 2.0 KY : 25.0 24.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 MD : 34.0 34.0 13.0 13.0 8.0 7.6 MI : 33.0 32.0 17.0 18.0 10.0 10.0 MN : 17.0 16.0 11.0 12.0 2.0 4.2 MO : 36.0 36.0 8.9 8.0 NM : 0.7 0.7 3.2 2.7 95.0 96.0 NY : 27.0 26.0 14.0 15.0 11.0 12.0 NC : 38.0 37.0 27.0 27.0 14.0 15.0 OH : 26.0 27.0 10.5 11.0 2.5 2.5 OR : 28.0 25.0 30.0 34.0 27.0 29.0 PA : 23.0 22.0 8.0 9.5 1.5 2.0 TN : 36.0 37.0 21.0 20.0 5.0 5.6 TX : 22.0 20.0 28.0 29.0 39.0 40.0 UT : 29.0 26.0 35.0 37.0 19.0 20.0 VT : 27.0 26.0 17.0 20.0 8.8 10.0 VA : 39.0 38.0 21.0 22.0 5.0 5.0 WA : 18.0 16.0 31.0 32.0 46.0 47.0 WI : 18.0 18.0 7.7 10.0 2.8 3.2 : Oth Sts : 23.0 25.0 24.0 22.8 10.0 11.5 : US : 20.0 20.0 14.6 15.0 24.4 25.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Percents reflect average distributions of various probability surveys conducted during the year but are based primarily on beginning-of-year and mid-year surveys. Missing data combined with other size groups. Reliability of January 1 Cattle and Calves Estimates Survey Procedures: A random sample of U.S. producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all cattle producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations. Data were collected from about 50,000 operators during the first half of January by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews and 84 percent of the reports were usable. Regardless of when operators responded, they were asked to report inventories as of January 1. Estimating Procedures: These cattle estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each State office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous year using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve year to year and item to item relationships. Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. The reviews are primarily based on livestock slaughter and additional foreign trade and survey data. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all cattle operators are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the next page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle inventory estimates over the past 20 years is .6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 98.5 million head by more than .6 percent, or about 591,000 head. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.0 percent, or about 985,000 head (the 90 percent confidence level). The table below also shows a 20 year record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of all cattle and calves as an example, changes between the first inventory estimate and the latest estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 464,000 head, ranging from 0 to 1,419,000 head. During this period the initial inventory estimate has been below the final estimate 5 times and above the final estimate 14 times. This does not imply that the January 1 estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 90 Percent : Difference Between : : : Confidence : First and Latest : Number of : Root : Level : Estimates : Years Item : Mean :------------------------------------------------------------- :Square : : : : : : First : First : Error :Percent : Head :Average :Smallest:Largest : Above : Below : : : : : : : Latest : Latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent --------- 1,000 Head --------- Number : All Cattle: 0.6 1.0 985 464 0 1,419 14 5 : All Cows : 0.7 1.2 511 227 6 911 13 7 : Calf Crop : 0.7 1.2 463 208 5 630 15 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on data from January 1979 through January 1998. 2/ Data in the above table do not reflect the 1-3 percent changes made during the 1991-95 historic revision period. The root mean square error's would be about 1 percent higher if these were included. Index Page Beef Cow Inventory Percents by Size Group, Selected States, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Beef Cow Operations, by State, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Beef Cow Operations by Size Group, Selected States, 1997-98. . . 19 Calf Crop by Six Month Period, 1996-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Calf Crop, by State, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Cattle and Calves, Number by Class, by State, January 1, 1997-98 .4 Cattle Inventory Percents by Size Group, Selected States 1997-98 16 Cattle on Feed, by State, January 1, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . .9 Cattle Operations, by State, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Cattle Operations by Size Group, Selected States 1997-98 . . . . 14 Milk Cow Inventory Percents by Size Group, Selected States 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Milk Cow Operations, by State, 1997-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Milk Cow Operations by Size Group, Selected States, 1997-98 . . 23 Reliability Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 U.S. Balance Sheet, January 1, 1996-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 U.S. Balance Sheet, January 1-June 30, 1996-98 . . . . . . . . . 11 U.S. Class Inventories, January 1, 1997-99 . . . . . . . . . . . .3 U.S. Class Inventories, July 1, 1996-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 The next "Cattle" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on July 16, 1999. 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