Cattle ISSN: 1948-9099 Released February 1, 2013, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January 1 Cattle Inventory Down 2 Percent All cattle and calves in the United States as of January 1, 2013 totaled 89.3 million head, 2 percent below the 90.8 million on January 1, 2012. This is the lowest January 1 inventory of all cattle and calves since the 88.1 million on hand in 1952. All cows and heifers that have calved, at 38.5 million, were down 2 percent from the 39.4 million on January 1, 2012. This is the lowest January 1 inventory of all cows and heifers that have calved since the 36.8 million head in 1941. • Beef cows, at 29.3 million, were down 3 percent from January 1, 2012. • Milk cows, at 9.2 million, unchanged from January 1, 2012. Other class estimates on January 1, 2013 and the change from January 1, 2012, are as follows: • All heifers 500 pounds and over, 19.1 million, down 1 percent. • Beef replacement heifers, 5.4 million, up 2 percent. • Milk replacement heifers, 4.6 million, down 2 percent. • Other heifers, 9.2 million, down 3 percent. • Steers weighing 500 pounds and over, 15.8 million, unchanged. • Bulls weighing 500 pounds and over, 2.1 million, down 2 percent. • Calves under 500 pounds, 13.8 million, down 2 percent. • Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter in all feedlots, 13.4 million, down 5 percent. • The combined total of calves under 500 pounds, and other heifers and steers over 500 pounds outside of feedlots was 25.5 million, up 1 percent. Calf Crop Down 3 Percent The 2012 calf crop was estimated at 34.3 million head, down 3 percent from 2011. This is the smallest calf crop since the 33.7 million born during 1949. Calves born during the first half of 2012 are estimated at 25.0 million, down 3 percent from 2011. Revisions All inventory and calf crop estimates for July 1, 2011, January 1, 2012, and July 1, 2012 were reviewed using calf crop, official slaughter, import and export data, and the relationship of new survey information to the prior surveys. Based on the findings of this review, small adjustments of less than one-half percent were made to previously released inventory estimates by class. State level estimates were reviewed and changes were made to reallocate inventory estimates to the United States total. This report was approved on February 1, 2013. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Kathleen A. Merrigan Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013.......... 4 Cattle Inventory - United States: January 1................................................ 4 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013............. 5 Calf Crop - States and United States: 2011 and 2012........................................ 9 Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013........ 10 Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2012 and 2013.. 11 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2011 and 2012............. 11 Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2011 and 2012.......... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................... 12 Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates.................................................. 13 Information Contacts....................................................................... 13 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2012 : 2013 :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 90,768.5 89,299.6 98 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 39,387.4 38,515.2 98 Beef cows .........................: 30,157.9 29,295.3 97 Milk cows .........................: 9,229.5 9,219.9 100 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 19,337.8 19,128.9 99 For beef cow replacement ..........: 5,261.6 5,360.6 102 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,221.3 3,280.3 102 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,622.0 4,550.7 98 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,064.9 2,928.4 96 Other heifers .....................: 9,454.2 9,217.6 97 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 15,832.5 15,812.7 100 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,096.0 2,055.8 98 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 14,114.8 13,787.0 98 : Cattle on feed ......................: 14,121.4 13,351.7 95 : :-------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of : 2011 : 2012 :previous year :-------------------------------------------- Calf crop ...........................: 35,313.2 34,279.0 97 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Replacement heifers expected to calve during the year. Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All cattle and calves : All cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2012 : 2013 :previous year : 2012 : 2013 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 1,210.0 1,220.0 101 660.0 660.0 100 Alaska ........: 13.0 12.0 92 6.0 5.3 88 Arizona .......: 920.0 900.0 98 370.0 365.0 99 Arkansas ......: 1,670.0 1,600.0 96 920.0 860.0 93 California ....: 5,350.0 5,300.0 99 2,400.0 2,390.0 100 Colorado ......: 2,750.0 2,600.0 95 890.0 850.0 96 Connecticut ...: 49.0 48.0 98 23.0 24.0 104 Delaware ......: 19.0 18.0 95 8.5 8.5 100 Florida .......: 1,710.0 1,660.0 97 1,060.0 1,030.0 97 Georgia .......: 1,020.0 1,020.0 100 590.0 570.0 97 : Hawaii ........: 140.0 132.0 94 80.0 72.0 90 Idaho .........: 2,220.0 2,370.0 107 1,050.0 1,090.0 104 Illinois ......: 1,070.0 1,120.0 105 430.0 460.0 107 Indiana .......: 860.0 810.0 94 370.0 365.0 99 Iowa ..........: 3,900.0 3,850.0 99 1,100.0 1,130.0 103 Kansas ........: 6,100.0 5,850.0 96 1,570.0 1,460.0 93 Kentucky ......: 2,150.0 2,240.0 104 1,070.0 1,100.0 103 Louisiana .....: 790.0 780.0 99 470.0 470.0 100 Maine .........: 86.0 85.0 99 42.0 43.0 102 Maryland ......: 200.0 192.0 96 95.0 92.0 97 : Massachusetts .: 41.0 39.0 95 19.0 19.0 100 Michigan ......: 1,110.0 1,120.0 101 480.0 490.0 102 Minnesota .....: 2,360.0 2,390.0 101 830.0 840.0 101 Mississippi ...: 950.0 910.0 96 500.0 500.0 100 Missouri ......: 3,900.0 3,650.0 94 1,950.0 1,850.0 95 Montana .......: 2,500.0 2,600.0 104 1,470.0 1,520.0 103 Nebraska ......: 6,450.0 6,300.0 98 1,940.0 1,860.0 96 Nevada ........: 470.0 460.0 98 265.0 260.0 98 New Hampshire .: 35.0 33.0 94 18.0 17.0 94 New Jersey ....: 31.0 31.0 100 15.5 16.0 103 : New Mexico ....: 1,390.0 1,340.0 96 770.0 710.0 92 New York ......: 1,410.0 1,400.0 99 710.0 700.0 99 North Carolina : 810.0 820.0 101 405.0 410.0 101 North Dakota ..: 1,690.0 1,790.0 106 880.0 940.0 107 Ohio ..........: 1,280.0 1,230.0 96 570.0 560.0 98 Oklahoma ......: 4,500.0 4,200.0 93 1,830.0 1,800.0 98 Oregon ........: 1,300.0 1,280.0 98 670.0 650.0 97 Pennsylvania ..: 1,610.0 1,610.0 100 700.0 690.0 99 Rhode Island ..: 4.5 4.6 102 2.4 2.4 100 South Carolina : 370.0 355.0 96 200.0 190.0 95 : South Dakota ..: 3,650.0 3,850.0 105 1,700.0 1,780.0 105 Tennessee .....: 1,970.0 1,830.0 93 1,000.0 960.0 96 Texas .........: 11,900.0 11,300.0 95 5,000.0 4,450.0 89 Utah ..........: 800.0 770.0 96 420.0 405.0 96 Vermont .......: 260.0 270.0 104 143.0 146.0 102 Virginia ......: 1,490.0 1,610.0 108 760.0 780.0 103 Washington ....: 1,110.0 1,150.0 104 480.0 485.0 101 West Virginia .: 390.0 410.0 105 205.0 210.0 102 Wisconsin .....: 3,400.0 3,450.0 101 1,530.0 1,530.0 100 Wyoming .......: 1,360.0 1,290.0 95 720.0 700.0 97 : United States .: 90,768.5 89,299.6 98 39,387.4 38,515.2 98 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cows that have calved : Milk cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2012 : 2013 :previous year : 2012 : 2013 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ----- 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 650.0 651.0 100 10.0 9.0 90 Alaska ........: 5.5 4.9 89 0.5 0.4 80 Arizona .......: 180.0 175.0 97 190.0 190.0 100 Arkansas ......: 909.0 851.0 94 11.0 9.0 82 California ....: 620.0 610.0 98 1,780.0 1,780.0 100 Colorado ......: 759.0 715.0 94 131.0 135.0 103 Connecticut ...: 4.5 6.0 133 18.5 18.0 97 Delaware ......: 3.5 4.0 114 5.0 4.5 90 Florida .......: 940.0 908.0 97 120.0 122.0 102 Georgia .......: 512.0 490.0 96 78.0 80.0 103 : Hawaii ........: 78.1 69.9 90 1.9 2.1 111 Idaho .........: 469.0 510.0 109 581.0 580.0 100 Illinois ......: 331.0 360.0 109 99.0 100.0 101 Indiana .......: 195.0 191.0 98 175.0 174.0 99 Iowa ..........: 895.0 925.0 103 205.0 205.0 100 Kansas ........: 1,447.0 1,328.0 92 123.0 132.0 107 Kentucky ......: 995.0 1,028.0 103 75.0 72.0 96 Louisiana .....: 452.0 454.0 100 18.0 16.0 89 Maine .........: 10.0 11.0 110 32.0 32.0 100 Maryland ......: 43.0 41.0 95 52.0 51.0 98 : Massachusetts .: 7.0 6.5 93 12.0 12.5 104 Michigan ......: 109.0 113.0 104 371.0 377.0 102 Minnesota .....: 365.0 375.0 103 465.0 465.0 100 Mississippi ...: 486.0 486.0 100 14.0 14.0 100 Missouri ......: 1,857.0 1,757.0 95 93.0 93.0 100 Montana .......: 1,456.0 1,506.0 103 14.0 14.0 100 Nebraska ......: 1,884.0 1,805.0 96 56.0 55.0 98 Nevada ........: 236.0 231.0 98 29.0 29.0 100 New Hampshire .: 4.0 3.5 88 14.0 13.5 96 New Jersey ....: 8.0 9.0 113 7.5 7.0 93 : New Mexico ....: 435.0 390.0 90 335.0 320.0 96 New York ......: 100.0 90.0 90 610.0 610.0 100 North Carolina : 360.0 364.0 101 45.0 46.0 102 North Dakota ..: 862.0 922.0 107 18.0 18.0 100 Ohio ..........: 300.0 290.0 97 270.0 270.0 100 Oklahoma ......: 1,778.0 1,754.0 99 52.0 46.0 88 Oregon ........: 547.0 527.0 96 123.0 123.0 100 Pennsylvania ..: 160.0 155.0 97 540.0 535.0 99 Rhode Island ..: 1.3 1.5 115 1.1 0.9 82 South Carolina : 184.0 174.0 95 16.0 16.0 100 : South Dakota ..: 1,610.0 1,688.0 105 90.0 92.0 102 Tennessee .....: 950.0 912.0 96 50.0 48.0 96 Texas .........: 4,565.0 4,015.0 88 435.0 435.0 100 Utah ..........: 330.0 315.0 95 90.0 90.0 100 Vermont .......: 10.0 12.0 120 133.0 134.0 101 Virginia ......: 664.0 686.0 103 96.0 94.0 98 Washington ....: 217.0 221.0 102 263.0 264.0 100 West Virginia .: 195.0 200.0 103 10.0 10.0 100 Wisconsin .....: 265.0 260.0 98 1,265.0 1,270.0 100 Wyoming .......: 714.0 694.0 97 6.0 6.0 100 : United States .: 30,157.9 29,295.3 97 9,229.5 9,219.9 100 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Heifers 500 pounds and over :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Beef cow replacement : Milk cow replacement : Other :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 95.0 105.0 6.0 4.0 39.0 31.0 Alaska ........: 1.6 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Arizona .......: 35.0 22.0 70.0 73.0 15.0 25.0 Arkansas ......: 115.0 129.0 5.0 7.0 60.0 54.0 California ....: 110.0 110.0 840.0 780.0 220.0 220.0 Colorado ......: 155.0 130.0 75.0 85.0 510.0 520.0 Connecticut ...: 2.5 2.0 9.5 9.0 0.5 0.5 Delaware ......: 0.7 0.7 3.3 3.0 0.5 0.6 Florida .......: 115.0 115.0 35.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 Georgia .......: 71.0 74.0 31.0 28.0 32.0 28.0 : Hawaii ........: 10.0 10.0 1.0 2.0 6.0 4.0 Idaho .........: 90.0 120.0 300.0 310.0 190.0 210.0 Illinois ......: 56.0 60.0 47.0 48.0 117.0 82.0 Indiana .......: 31.0 41.0 70.0 56.0 59.0 48.0 Iowa ..........: 140.0 150.0 160.0 120.0 620.0 680.0 Kansas ........: 250.0 230.0 85.0 100.0 1,550.0 1,370.0 Kentucky ......: 135.0 150.0 45.0 50.0 145.0 160.0 Louisiana .....: 81.0 77.0 6.0 5.0 24.0 21.0 Maine .........: 3.0 2.5 16.0 15.5 3.0 2.0 Maryland ......: 12.0 9.0 28.0 29.0 8.0 9.0 : Massachusetts .: 3.0 2.0 6.0 6.0 1.0 1.0 Michigan ......: 27.0 28.0 158.0 157.0 45.0 47.0 Minnesota .....: 90.0 100.0 285.0 280.0 185.0 180.0 Mississippi ...: 82.0 78.0 7.0 7.0 36.0 35.0 Missouri ......: 270.0 270.0 40.0 40.0 240.0 220.0 Montana .......: 415.0 435.0 8.0 8.0 212.0 187.0 Nebraska ......: 385.0 350.0 15.0 20.0 1,420.0 1,380.0 Nevada ........: 41.0 36.0 10.0 9.0 37.0 30.0 New Hampshire .: 1.5 1.2 6.5 6.5 0.5 0.8 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 : New Mexico ....: 75.0 75.0 120.0 125.0 90.0 100.0 New York ......: 38.0 41.0 320.0 320.0 42.0 44.0 North Carolina : 65.0 72.0 21.0 23.0 26.0 25.0 North Dakota ..: 183.0 207.0 10.0 13.0 200.0 205.0 Ohio ..........: 55.0 55.0 120.0 125.0 70.0 65.0 Oklahoma ......: 320.0 280.0 20.0 20.0 470.0 400.0 Oregon ........: 110.0 122.0 75.0 68.0 95.0 85.0 Pennsylvania ..: 45.0 55.0 315.0 310.0 55.0 65.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 South Carolina : 36.0 35.0 6.0 7.0 15.0 12.0 : South Dakota ..: 320.0 315.0 35.0 55.0 540.0 545.0 Tennessee .....: 150.0 145.0 30.0 25.0 100.0 70.0 Texas .........: 550.0 600.0 210.0 200.0 1,520.0 1,550.0 Utah ..........: 65.0 61.0 53.0 50.0 47.0 62.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.5 54.0 59.0 5.0 6.5 Virginia ......: 95.0 124.0 40.0 35.0 55.0 76.0 Washington ....: 54.0 46.0 120.0 109.0 111.0 135.0 West Virginia .: 36.0 36.0 5.0 5.0 26.0 25.0 Wisconsin .....: 70.0 75.0 690.0 700.0 40.0 55.0 Wyoming .......: 165.0 171.0 5.0 4.0 140.0 120.0 : United States .: 5,261.6 5,360.6 4,622.0 4,550.7 9,454.2 9,217.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers : Bulls : Calves : 500 pounds and over : 500 pounds and over : under 500 pounds State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 55.0 50.0 45.0 50.0 310.0 320.0 Alaska ........: 0.4 0.5 2.9 2.9 1.8 1.7 Arizona .......: 300.0 290.0 20.0 20.0 110.0 105.0 Arkansas ......: 110.0 125.0 60.0 55.0 400.0 370.0 California ....: 610.0 620.0 70.0 70.0 1,100.0 1,110.0 Colorado ......: 930.0 840.0 50.0 45.0 140.0 130.0 Connecticut ...: 2.4 2.0 0.6 0.5 10.5 10.0 Delaware ......: 2.4 1.9 0.4 0.3 3.2 3.0 Florida .......: 20.0 20.0 60.0 55.0 390.0 380.0 Georgia .......: 34.0 39.0 27.0 26.0 235.0 255.0 : Hawaii ........: 6.0 7.0 5.0 4.0 32.0 33.0 Idaho .........: 300.0 275.0 35.0 40.0 255.0 325.0 Illinois ......: 210.0 240.0 25.0 25.0 185.0 205.0 Indiana .......: 99.0 91.0 21.0 19.0 210.0 190.0 Iowa ..........: 1,300.0 1,250.0 60.0 60.0 520.0 460.0 Kansas ........: 1,910.0 1,970.0 90.0 85.0 645.0 635.0 Kentucky ......: 200.0 225.0 70.0 75.0 485.0 480.0 Louisiana .....: 23.0 18.0 28.0 30.0 158.0 159.0 Maine .........: 5.5 5.0 1.5 1.5 15.0 15.5 Maryland ......: 16.0 15.0 4.0 4.0 37.0 34.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 9.0 8.0 Michigan ......: 173.0 174.0 17.0 14.0 210.0 210.0 Minnesota .....: 465.0 470.0 35.0 35.0 470.0 485.0 Mississippi ...: 61.0 41.0 39.0 39.0 225.0 210.0 Missouri ......: 360.0 350.0 100.0 100.0 940.0 820.0 Montana .......: 210.0 230.0 90.0 100.0 95.0 120.0 Nebraska ......: 2,280.0 2,250.0 100.0 100.0 310.0 340.0 Nevada ........: 42.0 46.0 14.0 13.0 61.0 66.0 New Hampshire .: 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 6.5 6.0 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 5.0 : New Mexico ....: 110.0 80.0 35.0 35.0 190.0 215.0 New York ......: 40.0 36.0 15.0 19.0 245.0 240.0 North Carolina : 39.0 32.0 34.0 33.0 220.0 225.0 North Dakota ..: 255.0 255.0 57.0 60.0 105.0 110.0 Ohio ..........: 190.0 185.0 25.0 20.0 250.0 220.0 Oklahoma ......: 920.0 870.0 120.0 120.0 820.0 710.0 Oregon ........: 155.0 157.0 40.0 36.0 155.0 162.0 Pennsylvania ..: 145.0 170.0 25.0 25.0 325.0 295.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 South Carolina : 11.0 10.0 16.0 15.0 86.0 86.0 : South Dakota ..: 690.0 720.0 90.0 90.0 275.0 345.0 Tennessee .....: 160.0 125.0 70.0 65.0 460.0 440.0 Texas .........: 2,370.0 2,500.0 330.0 300.0 1,920.0 1,700.0 Utah ..........: 90.0 75.0 20.0 22.0 105.0 95.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 47.0 47.0 Virginia ......: 160.0 195.0 40.0 40.0 340.0 360.0 Washington ....: 180.0 190.0 19.0 17.0 146.0 168.0 West Virginia .: 43.0 48.0 14.0 14.0 61.0 72.0 Wisconsin .....: 360.0 350.0 30.0 30.0 680.0 710.0 Wyoming .......: 180.0 160.0 40.0 40.0 110.0 95.0 : United States .: 15,832.5 15,812.7 2,096.0 2,055.8 14,114.8 13,787.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop - States and United States: 2011 and 2012 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2011 : 2012 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Alabama ................................: 560.0 610.0 109 Alaska .................................: 4.0 3.8 95 Arizona ................................: 290.0 260.0 90 Arkansas ...............................: 800.0 760.0 95 California .............................: 2,030.0 2,100.0 103 Colorado ...............................: 800.0 760.0 95 Connecticut ............................: 20.0 18.0 90 Delaware ...............................: 7.0 6.0 86 Florida ................................: 890.0 860.0 97 Georgia ................................: 470.0 480.0 102 : Hawaii .................................: 65.0 61.0 94 Idaho ..................................: 910.0 960.0 105 Illinois ...............................: 380.0 390.0 103 Indiana ................................: 310.0 330.0 106 Iowa ...................................: 1,050.0 1,050.0 100 Kansas .................................: 1,420.0 1,250.0 88 Kentucky ...............................: 960.0 980.0 102 Louisiana ..............................: 375.0 370.0 99 Maine ..................................: 31.0 32.0 103 Maryland ...............................: 80.0 76.0 95 : Massachusetts ..........................: 18.0 18.0 100 Michigan ...............................: 390.0 385.0 99 Minnesota ..............................: 780.0 790.0 101 Mississippi ............................: 385.0 400.0 104 Missouri ...............................: 1,820.0 1,740.0 96 Montana ................................: 1,470.0 1,500.0 102 Nebraska ...............................: 1,690.0 1,720.0 102 Nevada .................................: 215.0 205.0 95 New Hampshire ..........................: 15.0 15.0 100 New Jersey .............................: 11.0 10.0 91 : New Mexico .............................: 620.0 580.0 94 New York ...............................: 530.0 530.0 100 North Carolina .........................: 350.0 370.0 106 North Dakota ...........................: 860.0 870.0 101 Ohio ...................................: 490.0 480.0 98 Oklahoma ...............................: 1,850.0 1,670.0 90 Oregon .................................: 630.0 610.0 97 Pennsylvania ...........................: 590.0 590.0 100 Rhode Island ...........................: 2.2 2.2 100 South Carolina .........................: 160.0 150.0 94 : South Dakota ...........................: 1,620.0 1,710.0 106 Tennessee ..............................: 920.0 880.0 96 Texas ..................................: 4,650.0 3,900.0 84 Utah ...................................: 365.0 365.0 100 Vermont ................................: 115.0 117.0 102 Virginia ...............................: 640.0 670.0 105 Washington .............................: 430.0 420.0 98 West Virginia ..........................: 185.0 195.0 105 Wisconsin ..............................: 1,380.0 1,370.0 99 Wyoming ................................: 680.0 660.0 97 : United States ..........................: 35,313.2 34,279.0 97 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2012 and 2013 [Cattle and calves on feed are animals for slaughter market being fed a ration of grain or other concentrates and are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by classes] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2012 : 2013 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Arizona ................................: 279.0 272.0 97 California .............................: 510.0 480.0 94 Colorado ...............................: 1,170.0 1,030.0 88 Idaho ..................................: 240.0 240.0 100 Illinois ...............................: 160.0 160.0 100 Indiana ................................: 107.0 88.0 82 Iowa ...................................: 1,300.0 1,280.0 98 Kansas .................................: 2,370.0 2,250.0 95 Kentucky ...............................: 10.0 15.0 150 Maryland ...............................: 10.0 10.0 100 : Michigan ...............................: 150.0 155.0 103 Minnesota ..............................: 310.0 310.0 100 Missouri ...............................: 55.0 50.0 91 Montana ................................: 32.0 38.0 119 Nebraska ...............................: 2,650.0 2,550.0 96 Nevada .................................: 7.0 9.0 129 New York ...............................: 25.0 25.0 100 North Dakota ...........................: 60.0 45.0 75 Ohio ...................................: 180.0 160.0 89 Oklahoma ...............................: 380.0 350.0 92 : Oregon .................................: 70.0 60.0 86 Pennsylvania ...........................: 75.0 75.0 100 South Dakota ...........................: 320.0 300.0 94 Tennessee ..............................: 9.0 3.0 33 Texas ..................................: 2,950.0 2,730.0 93 Utah ...................................: 26.0 28.0 108 Virginia ...............................: 23.0 23.0 100 Washington .............................: 235.0 247.0 105 West Virginia ..........................: 5.0 4.0 80 Wisconsin ..............................: 240.0 240.0 100 : Wyoming ................................: 75.0 65.0 87 : Other States 1/ ........................: 88.4 59.7 68 : United States ..........................: 14,121.4 13,351.7 95 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2012 and 2013 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of States : 2012 : 2013 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- million head -- percent : Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas .......: 1.59 1.34 84 : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2011 and 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2011 : 2012 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ------ percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 100,000.0 97,800.0 98 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 40,600.0 39,700.0 98 Beef cows .........................: 31,400.0 30,500.0 97 Milk cows .........................: 9,200.0 9,200.0 100 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 16,000.0 15,700.0 98 For beef cow replacement ..........: 4,200.0 4,200.0 100 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,200.0 4,100.0 98 Other heifers .....................: 7,600.0 7,400.0 97 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 14,200.0 14,000.0 99 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,000.0 1,900.0 95 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 27,200.0 26,500.0 97 : Calf crop ...........................: 35,313.2 34,279.0 97 : Cattle on feed ......................: 12,200.0 12,300.0 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2011 and 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 :----------------------------------------------------------- Period : : Percent of : : Percent of : Number : total : Number : total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent 1,000 head percent : January 1 - June 30 .: 25,700.0 72.8 25,000.0 72.9 July 1 - December 31 : 9,613.2 27.2 9,279.0 27.1 : Total ...............: 35,313.2 100.0 34,279.0 100.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all cattle producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations. Data were collected from about 40,000 operators during the first half of January by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews and 77 percent of the reports were usable. Regardless of when operators responded, they were asked to report inventories as of January 1. Estimating Procedures: These cattle estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each State office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous year using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve year to year and item to item relationships. Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. The reviews are primarily based on livestock slaughter and additional foreign trade and survey data. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all cattle operators are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle inventory estimates over the past 10 years is 0.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 89.3 million head by more than 0.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.9 percent. The table on the following page shows a 10 year record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of all cattle and calves as an example, changes between the first inventory estimate and the latest estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 345,000 head, ranging from 0 to 830,000 head. During this period the initial inventory estimate has been above the latest estimate 6 times and below the latest estimate 3 times. This does not imply that the January 1 estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates [Based on data for the past ten years] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Above latest : Below latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent ------ 1,000 head ----- ----- number ---- : All cattle & calves ..........: 0.5 0.9 345 0 830 6 3 : All cows .....................: 0.6 1.1 190 0 505 6 3 : Calf crop ....................: 1 1.8 270 0 674 5 4 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Travis Averill - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ...... (202) 720-3040 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (515) 284-4340 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs .................. (202) 720-3106 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 690-3236 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Alissa Cowell-Mytar - Sheep and Goats ........ (202) 720-4751 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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