Cattle on Feed ISSN: 1948-9080 Released July 22, 2022, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Cattle on Feed Up Slightly Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 11.3 million head on July 1, 2022. The inventory was slightly above July 1, 2021. The inventory included 6.90 million steers and steer calves, down 1 percent from the previous year. This group accounted for 61 percent of the total inventory. Heifers and heifer calves accounted for 4.45 million head, up 3 percent from 2021. Placements in feedlots during June totaled 1.63 million head, 2 percent below 2021. Net placements were 1.56 million head. During June, placements of cattle and calves weighing less than 600 pounds were 360,000 head, 600-699 pounds were 270,000 head, 700-799 pounds were 370,000 head, 800-899 pounds were 369,000 head, 900-999 pounds were 175,000 head, and 1,000 pounds and greater were 85,000 head. Marketings of fed cattle during June totaled 2.06 million head, 2 percent above 2021. Other disappearance totaled 69,000 head during June, 21 percent above 2021. Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: July 1, 2021 and 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2021 : 2022 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed June 1 .........................: 11,704 11,841 101 Placed on feed during June .............: 1,669 1,629 98 Fed cattle marketed during June ........: 2,021 2,061 102 Other disappearance during June ........: 57 69 121 On feed July 1 .........................: 11,295 11,340 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: June 1, 2021 and 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2021 : 2022 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed May 1 ..........................: 11,731 11,967 102 Placed on feed during May ..............: 1,910 1,864 98 Fed cattle marketed during May .........: 1,870 1,914 102 Other disappearance during May .........: 67 76 113 On feed June 1 .........................: 11,704 11,841 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: July 1, 2021 and 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : : :----------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 :previous year : inventory -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- percent percent : Class on feed July 1 ...................: Steers and steer calves ..............: 6,975 6,895 99 61 Heifers and heifer calves ............: 4,320 4,445 103 39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : July 1, 2022 : : :-------------------------------------------- State : July 1, 2021 : June 1, 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Inventory :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 head -------------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 275 286 280 102 98 California .......: 540 570 560 104 98 Colorado .........: 1,060 1,090 1,060 100 97 Idaho ............: 280 290 280 100 97 Iowa .............: 600 590 580 97 98 Kansas ...........: 2,450 2,490 2,350 96 94 Minnesota ........: 100 100 90 90 90 Nebraska .........: 2,290 2,530 2,370 103 94 Oklahoma .........: 275 275 270 98 98 South Dakota .....: 200 195 170 85 87 Texas ............: 2,770 2,940 2,860 103 97 Washington .......: 195 205 200 103 98 : Other States .....: 260 280 270 104 96 : United States ....: 11,295 11,841 11,340 100 96 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During June 2022 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : June 2021 : May 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Placements :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 22 28 21 95 75 California .......: 61 64 59 97 92 Colorado .........: 130 165 140 108 85 Idaho ............: 36 35 29 81 83 Iowa .............: 44 74 60 136 81 Kansas ...........: 430 480 380 88 79 Minnesota ........: 12 11 10 83 91 Nebraska .........: 415 395 405 98 103 Oklahoma .........: 54 54 41 76 76 South Dakota .....: 20 28 22 110 79 Texas ............: 380 460 390 103 85 Washington .......: 24 31 28 117 90 : Other States .....: 41 39 44 107 113 : United States ....: 1,669 1,864 1,629 98 87 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During June 2021 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 25 30 20 (D) (D) 130 Kansas ........: 55 70 125 115 65 (D) (D) 430 Nebraska ......: 30 50 85 130 120 (D) (D) 415 Texas .........: 145 70 85 55 25 (D) (D) 380 : Other States ..: 85 45 55 74 55 (D) (D) 314 : United States .: 345 260 375 404 (X) 195 90 1,669 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During May 2022 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 40 40 30 (D) (D) 165 Kansas ........: 55 70 150 130 75 (D) (D) 480 Nebraska ......: 30 35 90 130 110 (D) (D) 395 Texas .........: 140 90 115 85 30 (D) (D) 460 : Other States ..: 110 50 70 84 50 (D) (D) 364 : United States .: 365 270 465 469 (X) 220 75 1,864 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During June 2022 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 30 30 25 (D) (D) 140 Kansas ........: 55 70 120 90 45 (D) (D) 380 Nebraska ......: 30 50 85 125 115 (D) (D) 405 Texas .........: 160 80 80 50 20 (D) (D) 390 : Other States ..: 85 45 55 74 55 (D) (D) 314 : United States .: 360 270 370 369 (X) 175 85 1,629 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ The 900 pounds and greater weight group is the sum of 900-999 pounds and 1,000 pounds and greater weight groups. Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During June 2022 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : June 2021 : May 2022 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Marketings :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 25 28 26 104 93 California .......: 59 57 63 107 111 Colorado .........: 145 155 165 114 106 Idaho ............: 44 43 38 86 88 Iowa .............: 62 71 68 110 96 Kansas ...........: 490 460 505 103 110 Minnesota ........: 16 10 19 119 190 Nebraska .........: 555 495 545 98 110 Oklahoma .........: 53 53 45 85 85 South Dakota .....: 36 47 43 119 91 Texas ............: 450 410 460 102 112 Washington .......: 32 34 32 100 94 : Other States .....: 54 51 52 96 102 : United States ....: 2,021 1,914 2,061 102 108 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During June 2022 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : June 2021 : May 2022 : Other : Percent of : Percent of : : :disappearance :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 1 1 1 100 100 California .......: 7 7 6 86 86 Colorado .........: 5 10 5 100 50 Idaho ............: 2 2 1 50 50 Iowa .............: 2 3 2 100 67 Kansas ...........: 10 10 15 150 150 Minnesota ........: 1 1 1 100 100 Nebraska .........: 10 20 20 200 100 Oklahoma .........: 1 1 1 100 100 South Dakota .....: 4 6 4 100 67 Texas ............: 10 10 10 100 100 Washington .......: 2 2 1 50 50 : Other States .....: 2 3 2 100 67 : United States ....: 57 76 69 121 91 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Quarter - States and United States: 2021 and 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers and steer calves : Heifers and heifer calves :----------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Jul 1, : Apr 1, : Jul 1, : Jul 1, : Apr 1, : Jul 1, : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head : Arizona ............: 270 280 275 5 5 5 California .........: 455 470 465 85 95 95 Colorado ...........: 595 655 570 465 445 490 Idaho ..............: 155 170 150 125 135 130 Iowa ...............: 470 450 445 130 150 135 Kansas .............: 1,300 1,370 1,230 1,150 1,140 1,120 Minnesota ..........: 85 85 75 15 15 15 Nebraska ...........: 1,440 1,680 1,480 850 980 890 Oklahoma ...........: 155 160 145 120 130 125 South Dakota .......: 125 145 105 75 85 65 Texas ..............: 1,650 1,770 1,680 1,120 1,180 1,180 Washington .........: 105 110 100 90 95 100 : Other States .......: 170 195 175 90 110 95 : United States ......: 6,975 7,540 6,895 4,320 4,565 4,445 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates Cattle on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or later placement in another feedlot. Placements are steers and heifers put into a feedlot, fed a ration which will produce a carcass that will grade select or better, and are intended for the slaughter market. Marketings are steers and heifers shipped out of feedlots to a slaughter market. Other disappearance includes death loss, movement from feedlots to pasture, and shipments to other feedlots for further feeding. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: During January and July all known feedlots in the United States with capacity of 1,000 or more head are surveyed to provide data for cattle on feed estimates. During the other months, all known feedlots from 16 States are surveyed. The 16 States account for approximately 98 percent of the cattle on feed in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head. Individual State estimates are published monthly for 12 of the 16 States. Data collected from the remaining 4 States are used to establish the "Other States" estimates. These 4 States include Illinois, New Mexico, Oregon, and Wyoming. The "Other States" category represents all cattle on feed with a capacity of 1,000 or more head for the rest of the United States. Estimating Procedures: These cattle on feed estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by Regional Field Offices. Regional and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous month when establishing the current estimates. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve month to month relationships. Estimates for the previous month are subject to revision in all States each month when current estimates are made. In February, all monthly estimates for the previous year, and the number of feedlots and annual marketings from two years ago are reviewed and subject to revisions. The reviews are primarily based on slaughter data, state check-off or brand data, and any other data that may have been received after the original estimate was made. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date and estimates become final. Reliability: Since all 1,000+ capacity cattle on feed operators in every State are not included in the monthly survey, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle on feed inventory estimates over the past 24 months is 0.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 11.3 million head by more than 0.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.0 percent. The table on the following page shows a 24-month record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of number on feed as an example, changes between the first estimate and the latest estimate during the past 24 months have averaged 1,000 head, ranging from 0 to 6,000 head. During this period the initial estimate has been above the latest estimate 1 time and has been below the latest estimate 5 times. This does not imply that the initial estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates [Based on data for the past 24 months] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Months : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent ------- 1,000 ------- ----- number ---- : On feed ......................: 0.0 0.0 1 0 6 5 1 : Placements ...................: 0.2 0.3 2 0 7 7 8 : Marketings ...................: 0.1 0.2 1 0 7 4 7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed .......... (202) 720-3040 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs .............. (202) 720-3106 Logan Hartley-Sanguinett - Sheep and Goats ... (202) 690-3236 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ............ (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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