Dairy Products

ISSN: 1949-0399

Released November 3, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service 
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of 
Agriculture (USDA).

September 2016 Highlights

Total cheese output (excluding cottage cheese) was 981 million pounds, 
1.6 percent above September 2015 but 1.8 percent below August 2016.

Italian type cheese production totaled 421 million pounds, 4.4 percent above 
September 2015 but 0.9 percent below August 2016.

American type cheese production totaled 378 million pounds, 0.3 percent below 
September 2015 and 2.9 percent below August 2016.

Butter production was 133 million pounds, 0.4 percent below September 2015 
but 2.3 percent above August 2016.

Dry milk powders (comparisons with September 2015)
Nonfat dry milk, human - 126 million pounds, up 4.7 percent.
Skim milk powders - 38.4 million pounds, up 43.3 percent.

Whey products (comparisons with September 2015)
Dry whey, total - 74.5 million pounds, down 6.0 percent.
Lactose, human and animal - 91.5 million pounds, up 7.5 percent.
Whey protein concentrate, total - 34.2 million pounds, down 8.7 percent.

Frozen products (comparisons with September 2015)
Ice cream, regular (hard) - 62.2 million gallons, down 4.9 percent.
Ice cream, lowfat (total) - 34.1 million gallons, down 3.8 percent.
Sherbet (hard) - 3.23 million gallons, down 5.2 percent.
Frozen yogurt (total) - 5.12 million gallons, down 9.7 percent.

Contents
   
Dairy Products Production by Product - United States: September 2015 and 2016............................  3
Whey and Modified Whey Products Production, Stocks, and Prices - United States: September 2015 and 2016..  4
Condensed and Dry Milk Products Production, Stocks, and Shipments - United States: 
September 2015 and 2016..................................................................................  5
Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016............................  6
Total Cheese Production Excluding Cottage Cheese - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016..... 13
American Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016........................... 14
Cheddar Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016............................ 14
Total Italian Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016...................... 15
Mozzarella Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016......................... 15
Butter Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016.................................... 16
Nonfat Dry Milk (Human) Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016................... 16
Dry Whey (Human) Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016.......................... 17
Ice Cream, Regular (Hard) Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016................. 17
Dairy Products Regions................................................................................... 18
Statistical Methodology.................................................................................. 19
Information Contacts..................................................................................... 20
 
Dairy Products Production by Product - United States: September 2015 and 2016
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :  September   :    August    :  September   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2015     :     2016     :     2016     :  September   :    August    
                                        :              :              :              :     2015     :     2016     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :   ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------         ------ percent -----     
                                        :                                                                          
Butter .................................:   133,659        130,057        133,099          -0.4            2.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Cheese                                  :                                                                          
  American types 1/ ....................:   379,532        389,387        378,284          -0.3           -2.9     
    Cheddar ............................:   271,528        279,186        270,225          -0.5           -3.2     
    Other American types ...............:   108,004        110,201        108,059           0.1           -1.9     
  Blue and Gorgonzola ..................:     8,207          7,538          7,799          -5.0            3.5     
  Brick and Muenster ...................:    13,301         15,138         14,969          12.5           -1.1     
  Cream and Neufchatel .................:    83,438         84,361         80,112          -4.0           -5.0     
  Feta .................................:     9,251         11,100         10,497          13.5           -5.4     
  Gouda ................................:     5,216          5,637          5,914          13.4            4.9     
  Hispanic .............................:    22,092         21,949         22,598           2.3            3.0     
  Italian types ........................:   403,028        424,496        420,725           4.4           -0.9     
    Mozzarella .........................:   317,118        328,638        329,108           3.8            0.1     
    Parmesan ...........................:    23,606         31,513         27,506          16.5          -12.7     
    Provolone ..........................:    32,591         34,203         33,352           2.3           -2.5     
    Ricotta ............................:    20,575         21,276         21,340           3.7            0.3     
    Romano .............................:     3,578          3,908          4,053          13.3            3.7     
    Other Italian types ................:     5,560          4,958          5,366          -3.5            8.2     
  Swiss ................................:    25,278         25,438         24,810          -1.9           -2.5     
  All other types ......................:    16,714         14,539         15,470          -7.4            6.4     
                                        :                                                                          
  Total cheese .........................:   966,057        999,583        981,178           1.6           -1.8     
                                        :                                                                          
Cottage cheese, curd 2/ ................:    34,670         35,875         34,562          -0.3           -3.7     
Cottage cheese, cream 3/ ...............:    27,369         28,855         27,433           0.2           -4.9     
Cottage cheese, lowfat 4/ ..............:    31,918         31,646         30,236          -5.3           -4.5     
                                        :                                                                          
Sour cream .............................:   106,825        116,521        109,711           2.7           -5.8     
Yogurt, plain and flavored .............:   445,270        419,109        436,085          -2.1            4.1     
                                        :                                                                          
                                        :    ----------- 1,000 gallons ----------         ------ percent -----     
                                        :                                                                          
Frozen products                         :                                                                          
  Ice cream, regular, hard .............:    65,391         70,965         62,209          -4.9          -12.3     
  Ice cream, lowfat, hard ..............:    17,447         19,218         16,710          -4.2          -13.1     
  Ice cream, lowfat, soft ..............:    17,994         25,214         17,380          -3.4          -31.1     
  Ice cream, lowfat, total .............:    35,441         44,432         34,090          -3.8          -23.3     
  Ice cream, nonfat, hard ..............:       586            596            502         -14.3          -15.8     
  Sherbet, hard ........................:     3,407          3,120          3,230          -5.2            3.5     
  Frozen yogurt, total .................:     5,673          5,926          5,124          -9.7          -13.5     
    Regular and lowfat, hard ...........:     1,904          2,113          1,492         -21.6          -29.4     
    Nonfat, hard .......................:       686            502            549         -20.0            9.4     
  Other frozen dairy products ..........:     1,212          1,115          1,229           1.4           10.2     
  Water and juice ices .................:     5,880          6,547          6,016           2.3           -8.1     
                                        :                                                                          
Mix for frozen products                 :                                                                          
  Ice cream, regular, mix ..............:    38,646         42,751         36,188          -6.4          -15.4     
  Ice cream, lowfat, mix ...............:    20,018         25,213         19,202          -4.1          -23.8     
  Ice cream, nonfat, mix ...............:       601            603            580          -3.5           -3.8     
  Sherbet mix ..........................:     2,118          2,114          2,142           1.1            1.3     
  Yogurt mix ...........................:     3,068          3,688          2,976          -3.0          -19.3     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Includes Cheddar, Colby, Monterey, and Jack.                                                                    
2/ Mostly used for processing into cream or lowfat cottage cheese.                                                 
3/ Fat content 4 percent or more.                                                                                  
4/ Fat content less than 4 percent.                                                                                

Whey and Modified Whey Products Production, Stocks, and Prices - United States: September 2015 and 2016
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :  September   :    August    :  September   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2015     :     2016     :     2016     :  September   :    August    
                                        :              :              :              :     2015     :     2016     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :   ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------         ------ percent -----     
Condensed whey, solids content 1/       :                                                                          
  Sweet-type, human ....................:    10,228         11,451         10,849           6.1           -5.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Dry whey products                       :                                                                          
  Dry whey, human ......................:    77,751         73,908         73,466          -5.5           -0.6     
  Dry whey, animal .....................:     1,496          2,488          1,054         -29.5          -57.6     
  Dry whey, total ......................:    79,247         76,396         74,520          -6.0           -2.5     
                                        :                                                                          
Reduced lactose and minerals            :                                                                          
  Human ................................:     2,938          2,705          2,671          -9.1           -1.3     
  Animal ...............................:     2,565          2,324          2,634           2.7           13.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein concentrate                :                                                                          
  Human 2/ .............................:    37,148         34,140         33,908          -8.7           -0.7     
  Animal 2/ ............................:       292            197            262         -10.3           33.0     
  Total 2/ .............................:    37,440         34,337         34,170          -8.7           -0.5     
    25.0-49.9 percent 3/ ...............:    16,432         13,631         13,306         -19.0           -2.4     
    50.0-89.9 percent 3/ ...............:    21,008         20,706         20,864          -0.7            0.8     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein isolates 4/ ...............:     8,399          8,396         10,084          20.1           20.1     
                                        :                                                                          
Lactose, human and animal ..............:    85,084         92,209         91,472           7.5           -0.8     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' stocks end of month 5/   :                                                                          
Dry whey products                       :                                                                          
  Dry whey, human ......................:    70,296         60,492         51,718         -26.4          -14.5     
  Dry whey, animal .....................:     3,132          1,172          1,149         -63.3           -2.0     
  Dry whey, total ......................:    73,428         61,664         52,867         -28.0          -14.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Reduced Lactose and minerals            :                                                                          
 Human and animal 6/ ...................:     9,773          7,615          7,801         -20.2            2.4     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein concentrate                :                                                                          
  Human 2/ .............................:    76,391         57,521         51,625         -32.4          -10.3     
  Animal 2/ ............................:       804            455            497         -38.2            9.2     
  Total 2/ .............................:    77,195         57,976         52,122         -32.5          -10.1     
    25.0-49.9 percent 3/ ...............:    34,443         20,749         17,294         -49.8          -16.7     
    50.0-89.9 percent 3/ ...............:    42,752         37,227         34,828         -18.5           -6.4     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein isolates 4/ ...............:    13,956         16,816         20,027          43.5           19.1     
                                        :                                                                          
Lactose, human and animal ..............:   115,183        118,949        115,099          -0.1           -3.2     
                                        :      --------- cents per pound --------          --- cents change --     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' selling price 7/         :                                                                          
Dry whey, animal .......................:      14.9           11.6           14.6          -0.3            3.0     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Final marketable product only. Does not include quantity used or shipped to another plant for further           
   processing into dry whey or modified whey products. Does not include sweet-type, animal whey.                   
2/ Whey protein concentrate, 25.0 to 89.9 percent.                                                                 
3/ Whey protein concentrate, human and animal.                                                                     
4/ Whey protein isolate, 90.0 percent or greater.                                                                  
5/ Stocks held by manufacturers at all points and in transit.                                                      
6/ Reduced lactose and minerals stocks combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations.                      
7/ Prices for bulk goods, f.o.b. plant. Average monthly prices reported by firms.                                  

Condensed and Dry Milk Products Production, Stocks, and Shipments - United States: September 2015 and 2016
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :  September   :    August    :  September   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2015     :     2016     :     2016     :  September   :    August    
                                        :              :              :              :     2015     :     2016     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :   ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------         ------ percent -----     
Production                              :                                                                          
Bulk condensed milk                     :                                                                          
  Skim, unsweetened ....................:   134,764        140,081        124,565          -7.6          -11.1     
                                        :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Dry buttermilk, total ................:     6,885          6,774          7,153           3.9            5.6     
  Dry skim milk, animal ................:       702            972            635          -9.5          -34.7     
  Dry whole milk .......................:     4,194          6,716          6,879          64.0            2.4     
  Milk protein concentrate, total 1/ ...:    11,684          9,865         10,855          -7.1           10.0     
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   119,947        117,657        125,643           4.7            6.8     
  Skim milk powder, total 2/ ...........:    26,837         46,426         38,447          43.3          -17.2     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' stocks end-of-month 3/   :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Dry buttermilk, total ................:     9,864         16,164         17,024          72.6            5.3     
  Dry skim milk, animal ................:     1,900          2,152          1,640         -13.7          -23.8     
  Dry whole milk .......................:     9,383         12,898         13,493          43.8            4.6     
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   211,576        234,834        216,086           2.1           -8.0     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' shipments 4/             :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   132,528        133,120        134,096           1.2            0.7     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Dry milk protein concentrate, 40-89.9 percent.                                                                  
2/ Includes protein standardized and blends.                                                                       
3/ Stocks held by manufacturers at all points and in transit.                                                      
4/ For dry products, shipments of bulk goods.                                                                      

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          By month           :         Cumulative          
       Product and month      :-----------------------------------------------------------
                              :          :          :Change :          :          :Change 
                              :   2015   :   2016   : from  :   2015   :   2016   : from  
                              :          :          : 2015  :          :          : 2015  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :--- 1,000 pounds ---  percent --- 1,000 pounds ---  percent
Total cheese                  :                                                           
  January ....................:  994,542  1,003,278    0.9      994,542 1,003,278    0.9  
  February ...................:  896,222    955,051    6.6    1,890,764 1,958,329    3.6  
  March ......................:1,011,401  1,025,629    1.4    2,902,165 2,983,958    2.8  
  April ......................:  977,734    991,181    1.4    3,879,899 3,975,139    2.5  
  May ........................:  986,103  1,002,024    1.6    4,866,002 4,977,163    2.3  
  June .......................:  976,802    990,753    1.4    5,842,804 5,967,916    2.1  
  July .......................:1,003,072  1,012,526    0.9    6,845,876 6,980,442    2.0  
  August .....................:  978,177    999,583    2.2    7,824,053 7,980,025    2.0  
  September ..................:  966,057    981,178    1.6    8,790,110 8,961,203    1.9  
  October ....................:1,027,279                      9,817,389                   
  November ...................:  984,720                     10,802,109                   
  December ...................:1,036,316                     11,838,425                   
                              :                                                           
Total American cheese types 1/:                                                           
  January ....................:  402,235    400,989   -0.3      402,235   400,989   -0.3  
  February ...................:  357,392    366,870    2.7      759,627   767,859    1.1  
  March ......................:  395,913    399,063    0.8    1,155,540 1,166,922    1.0  
  April ......................:  396,707    395,527   -0.3    1,552,247 1,562,449    0.7  
  May ........................:  407,684    400,350   -1.8    1,959,931 1,962,799    0.1  
  June .......................:  390,457    389,382   -0.3    2,350,388 2,352,181    0.1  
  July .......................:  397,252    398,996    0.4    2,747,640 2,751,177    0.1  
  August .....................:  394,944    389,387   -1.4    3,142,584 3,140,564   -0.1  
  September ..................:  379,532    378,284   -0.3    3,522,116 3,518,848   -0.1  
  October ....................:  392,516                      3,914,632                   
  November ...................:  380,090                      4,294,722                   
  December ...................:  400,164                      4,694,886                   
                              :                                                           
Cheddar cheese                :                                                           
  January ....................:  296,775    296,492   -0.1      296,775   296,492   -0.1  
  February ...................:  262,614    257,550   -1.9      559,389   554,042   -1.0  
  March ......................:  287,127    283,957   -1.1      846,516   837,999   -1.0  
  April ......................:  287,362    297,403    3.5    1,133,878 1,135,402    0.1  
  May ........................:  296,459    290,549   -2.0    1,430,337 1,425,951   -0.3  
  June .......................:  287,963    277,668   -3.6    1,718,300 1,703,619   -0.9  
  July .......................:  286,447    281,801   -1.6    2,004,747 1,985,420   -1.0  
  August .....................:  279,375    279,186   -0.1    2,284,122 2,264,606   -0.9  
  September ..................:  271,528    270,225   -0.5    2,555,650 2,534,831   -0.8  
  October ....................:  278,831                      2,834,481                   
  November ...................:  266,026                      3,100,507                   
  December ...................:  292,957                      3,393,464                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                               --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :         By month          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                              :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Total Italian cheese types    :                                                       
  January ....................: 433,575   435,176     0.4    433,575   435,176    0.4 
  February ...................: 389,448   423,918     8.9    823,023   859,094    4.4 
  March ......................: 440,148   458,783     4.2  1,263,171 1,317,877    4.3 
  April ......................: 421,271   436,543     3.6  1,684,442 1,754,420    4.2 
  May ........................: 417,329   440,810     5.6  2,101,771 2,195,230    4.4 
  June .......................: 422,827   434,410     2.7  2,524,598 2,629,640    4.2 
  July .......................: 430,439   443,092     2.9  2,955,037 3,072,732    4.0 
  August .....................: 402,279   424,496     5.5  3,357,316 3,497,228    4.2 
  September ..................: 403,028   420,725     4.4  3,760,344 3,917,953    4.2 
  October ....................: 437,762                    4,198,106                  
  November ...................: 425,075                    4,623,181                  
  December ...................: 465,574                    5,088,755                  
                              :                                                       
Mozzarella                    :                                                       
  January ....................: 341,435   336,865    -1.3    341,435   336,865   -1.3 
  February ...................: 304,907   332,553     9.1    646,342   669,418    3.6 
  March ......................: 342,753   359,034     4.8    989,095 1,028,452    4.0 
  April ......................: 331,378   340,847     2.9  1,320,473 1,369,299    3.7 
  May ........................: 331,276   345,427     4.3  1,651,749 1,714,726    3.8 
  June .......................: 331,891   339,659     2.3  1,983,640 2,054,385    3.6 
  July .......................: 339,588   348,503     2.6  2,323,228 2,402,888    3.4 
  August .....................: 315,163   328,638     4.3  2,638,391 2,731,526    3.5 
  September ..................: 317,118   329,108     3.8  2,955,509 3,060,634    3.6 
  October ....................: 342,127                    3,297,636                  
  November ...................: 333,437                    3,631,073                  
  December ...................: 364,737                    3,995,810                  
                              :                                                       
Other Italian cheese types    :                                                       
  January ....................:   6,087     6,117     0.5      6,087     6,117    0.5 
  February ...................:   6,153     5,777    -6.1     12,240    11,894   -2.8 
  March ......................:   7,506     5,994   -20.1     19,746    17,888   -9.4 
  April ......................:   6,916     5,376   -22.3     26,662    23,264  -12.7 
  May ........................:   6,481     6,250    -3.6     33,143    29,514  -10.9 
  June .......................:   6,297     5,778    -8.2     39,440    35,292  -10.5 
  July .......................:   5,692     5,296    -7.0     45,132    40,588  -10.1 
  August .....................:   6,130     4,958   -19.1     51,262    45,546  -11.2 
  September ..................:   5,560     5,366    -3.5     56,822    50,912  -10.4 
  October ....................:   6,746                       63,568                  
  November ...................:   6,312                       69,880                  
  December ...................:   6,435                       76,315                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :         By month          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                              :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Butter                        :                                                       
  January ....................: 173,637   175,654     1.2    173,637   175,654    1.2 
  February ...................: 155,979   174,353    11.8    329,616   350,007    6.2 
  March ......................: 167,503   182,126     8.7    497,119   532,133    7.0 
  April ......................: 165,472   176,453     6.6    662,591   708,586    6.9 
  May ........................: 169,429   170,015     0.3    832,020   878,601    5.6 
  June .......................: 143,714   151,244     5.2    975,734 1,029,845    5.5 
  July .......................: 135,525   144,019     6.3  1,111,259 1,173,864    5.6 
  August .....................: 128,091   130,057     1.5  1,239,350 1,303,921    5.2 
  September ..................: 133,659   133,099    -0.4  1,373,009 1,437,020    4.7 
  October ....................: 148,424                    1,521,433                  
  November ...................: 152,329                    1,673,762                  
  December ...................: 175,556                    1,849,318                  
                              :                                                       
Nonfat dry milk, human        :                                                       
  January ....................: 167,699   137,046   -18.3    167,699   137,046  -18.3 
  February ...................: 150,953   140,225    -7.1    318,652   277,271  -13.0 
  March ......................: 180,815   172,009    -4.9    499,467   449,280  -10.0 
  April ......................: 180,768   169,349    -6.3    680,235   618,629   -9.1 
  May ........................: 180,001   166,026    -7.8    860,236   784,655   -8.8 
  June .......................: 165,441   146,017   -11.7  1,025,677   930,672   -9.3 
  July .......................: 155,245   150,889    -2.8  1,180,922 1,081,561   -8.4 
  August .....................: 123,885   117,657    -5.0  1,304,807 1,199,218   -8.1 
  September ..................: 119,947   125,643     4.7  1,424,754 1,324,861   -7.0 
  October ....................: 118,358                    1,543,112                  
  November ...................: 127,928                    1,671,040                  
  December ...................: 151,143                    1,822,183                  
                              :                                                       
Skim milk powders 2/          :                                                       
  January ....................:  41,107    51,243    24.7     41,107    51,243   24.7 
  February ...................:  33,320    40,201    20.7     74,427    91,444   22.9 
  March ......................:  39,442    40,564     2.8    113,869   132,008   15.9 
  April ......................:  33,099    43,189    30.5    146,968   175,197   19.2 
  May ........................:  35,538    50,865    43.1    182,506   226,062   23.9 
  June .......................:  34,676    55,312    59.5    217,182   281,374   29.6 
  July .......................:  34,882    48,814    39.9    252,064   330,188   31.0 
  August .....................:  39,288    46,426    18.2    291,352   376,614   29.3 
  September ..................:  26,837    38,447    43.3    318,189   415,061   30.4 
  October ....................:  39,723                      357,912                  
  November ...................:  44,940                      402,852                  
  December ...................:  43,472                      446,324                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :         By month          :        Cumulative         
        Product and month       :-------------------------------------------------------
                                :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                                :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                                :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :   1,000 pounds     percent -- 1,000 pounds --  percent
Dry whey, total 3/              :                                                       
  January ......................: 76,418    83,281      9.0     76,418   83,281     9.0 
  February .....................: 76,735    75,459     -1.7    153,153  158,740     3.6 
  March ........................: 86,928    82,941     -4.6    240,081  241,681     0.7 
  April ........................: 78,079    82,348      5.5    318,160  324,029     1.8 
  May ..........................: 79,396    82,046      3.3    397,556  406,075     2.1 
  June .........................: 85,761    80,134     -6.6    483,317  486,209     0.6 
  July .........................: 81,691    82,354      0.8    565,008  568,563     0.6 
  August .......................: 82,744    76,396     -7.7    647,752  644,959    -0.4 
  September ....................: 79,247    74,520     -6.0    726,999  719,479    -1.0 
  October ......................: 77,108                       804,107                  
  November .....................: 79,012                       883,119                  
  December .....................: 91,786                       974,905                  
                                :                                                       
Lactose, human and animal       :                                                       
  January ......................: 90,148    84,602     -6.2     90,148   84,602    -6.2 
  February .....................: 80,505    83,897      4.2    170,653  168,499    -1.3 
  March ........................: 92,896    92,710     -0.2    263,549  261,209    -0.9 
  April ........................: 88,352    87,962     -0.4    351,901  349,171    -0.8 
  May ..........................: 88,285    91,631      3.8    440,186  440,802     0.1 
  June .........................: 89,945    93,756      4.2    530,131  534,558     0.8 
  July .........................: 90,326    97,715      8.2    620,457  632,273     1.9 
  August .......................: 86,557    92,209      6.5    707,014  724,482     2.5 
  September ....................: 85,084    91,472      7.5    792,098  815,954     3.0 
  October ......................: 83,126                       875,224                  
  November .....................: 82,460                       957,684                  
  December .....................: 91,094                     1,048,778                  
                                :                                                       
Whey protein concentrate, total :                                                       
  January ......................: 43,826    39,051    -10.9     43,826   39,051   -10.9 
  February .....................: 38,516    36,775     -4.5     82,342   75,826    -7.9 
  March ........................: 42,131    39,232     -6.9    124,473  115,058    -7.6 
  April ........................: 42,622    36,808    -13.6    167,095  151,866    -9.1 
  May ..........................: 43,898    37,992    -13.5    210,993  189,858   -10.0 
  June .........................: 39,008    36,983     -5.2    250,001  226,841    -9.3 
  July .........................: 41,723    36,664    -12.1    291,724  263,505    -9.7 
  August .......................: 39,564    34,337    -13.2    331,288  297,842   -10.1 
  September ....................: 37,440    34,170     -8.7    368,728  332,012   -10.0 
  October ......................: 42,076                       410,804                  
  November .....................: 41,302                       452,106                  
  December .....................: 42,299                       494,405                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                             --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :         By month          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                              :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent -- 1,000 pounds --  percent
Cottage cheese, cream         :                                                       
  January ....................:  24,103    23,777   -1.4      24,103   23,777   -1.4  
  February ...................:  25,188    25,233    0.2      49,291   49,010   -0.6  
  March ......................:  26,991    28,607    6.0      76,282   77,617    1.8  
  April ......................:  25,811    26,717    3.5     102,093  104,334    2.2  
  May ........................:  26,281    27,985    6.5     128,374  132,319    3.1  
  June .......................:  27,179    27,852    2.5     155,553  160,171    3.0  
  July .......................:  28,791    26,482   -8.0     184,344  186,653    1.3  
  August .....................:  27,810    28,855    3.8     212,154  215,508    1.6  
  September ..................:  27,369    27,433    0.2     239,523  242,941    1.4  
  October ....................:  27,130                      266,653                  
  November ...................:  24,212                      290,865                  
  December ...................:  26,663                      317,528                  
                              :                                                       
Cottage cheese, lowfat        :                                                       
  January ....................:  28,993    28,610   -1.3      28,993   28,610   -1.3  
  February ...................:  28,913    28,708   -0.7      57,906   57,318   -1.0  
  March ......................:  32,157    34,290    6.6      90,063   91,608    1.7  
  April ......................:  29,848    30,499    2.2     119,911  122,107    1.8  
  May ........................:  29,920    31,902    6.6     149,831  154,009    2.8  
  June .......................:  32,113    30,459   -5.2     181,944  184,468    1.4  
  July .......................:  31,483    29,912   -5.0     213,427  214,380    0.4  
  August .....................:  31,377    31,646    0.9     244,804  246,026    0.5  
  September ..................:  31,918    30,236   -5.3     276,722  276,262   -0.2  
  October ....................:  29,543                      306,265                  
  November ...................:  26,652                      332,917                  
  December ...................:  30,088                      363,005                  
                              :                                                       
Sour cream                    :                                                       
  January ....................: 109,699   102,931   -6.2     109,699  102,931   -6.2  
  February ...................:  96,386   103,420    7.3     206,085  206,351    0.1  
  March ......................: 110,976   116,668    5.1     317,061  323,019    1.9  
  April ......................: 103,658   102,123   -1.5     420,719  425,142    1.1  
  May ........................: 104,420   113,759    8.9     525,139  538,901    2.6  
  June .......................: 110,834   119,715    8.0     635,973  658,616    3.6  
  July .......................: 105,243   104,836   -0.4     741,216  763,452    3.0  
  August .....................: 107,410   116,521    8.5     848,626  879,973    3.7  
  September ..................: 106,825   109,711    2.7     955,451  989,684    3.6  
  October ....................: 119,063                    1,074,514                  
  November ...................: 123,532                    1,198,046                  
  December ...................: 118,408                    1,316,454                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :         By month          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                              :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :   1,000 gallons    percent    1,000 gallons    percent
Ice cream, regular hard       :                                                       
  January ....................: 57,106    57,066     -0.1    57,106    57,066    -0.1 
  February ...................: 59,797    60,423      1.0   116,903   117,489     0.5 
  March ......................: 71,808    71,024     -1.1   188,711   188,513    -0.1 
  April ......................: 68,771    71,328      3.7   257,482   259,841     0.9 
  May ........................: 65,517    71,903      9.7   322,999   331,744     2.7 
  June .......................: 72,534    76,135      5.0   395,533   407,879     3.1 
  July .......................: 72,356    69,600     -3.8   467,889   477,479     2.0 
  August .....................: 69,503    70,965      2.1   537,392   548,444     2.1 
  September ..................: 65,391    62,209     -4.9   602,783   610,653     1.3 
  October ....................: 63,356                      666,139                   
  November ...................: 54,953                      721,092                   
  December ...................: 56,472                      777,564                   
                              :                                                       
Ice cream, lowfat total       :                                                       
  January ....................: 29,598    25,723    -13.1    29,598    25,723   -13.1 
  February ...................: 31,465    31,137     -1.0    61,063    56,860    -6.9 
  March ......................: 38,086    40,926      7.5    99,149    97,786    -1.4 
  April ......................: 39,693    39,789      0.2   138,842   137,575    -0.9 
  May ........................: 41,140    40,290     -2.1   179,982   177,865    -1.2 
  June .......................: 46,491    42,259     -9.1   226,473   220,124    -2.8 
  July .......................: 43,126    41,608     -3.5   269,599   261,732    -2.9 
  August .....................: 42,556    44,432      4.4   312,155   306,164    -1.9 
  September ..................: 35,441    34,090     -3.8   347,596   340,254    -2.1 
  October ....................: 31,918                      379,514                   
  November ...................: 26,788                      406,302                   
  December ...................: 25,399                      431,701                   
                              :                                                       
Sherbet, hard                 :                                                       
  January ....................:  2,982     2,461    -17.5     2,982     2,461   -17.5 
  February ...................:  3,225     3,200     -0.8     6,207     5,661    -8.8 
  March ......................:  3,989     3,726     -6.6    10,196     9,387    -7.9 
  April ......................:  3,527     3,567      1.1    13,723    12,954    -5.6 
  May ........................:  3,739     3,484     -6.8    17,462    16,438    -5.9 
  June .......................:  3,875     3,597     -7.2    21,337    20,035    -6.1 
  July .......................:  3,766     3,229    -14.3    25,103    23,264    -7.3 
  August .....................:  3,553     3,120    -12.2    28,656    26,384    -7.9 
  September ..................:  3,407     3,230     -5.2    32,063    29,614    -7.6 
  October ....................:  2,927                       34,990                   
  November ...................:  2,531                       37,521                   
  December ...................:  2,178                       39,699                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2015 and 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :         By month          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2015   :  2016   : from  :  2015   :  2016   : from  
                              :         :         : 2015  :         :         : 2015  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Yogurt, plain and flavored    :                                                       
  January ....................: 370,650   394,767     6.5    370,650   394,767    6.5 
  February ...................: 419,288   396,799    -5.4    789,938   791,566    0.2 
  March ......................: 436,581   421,450    -3.5  1,226,519 1,213,016   -1.1 
  April ......................: 384,158   392,006     2.0  1,610,677 1,605,022   -0.4 
  May ........................: 396,737   380,186    -4.2  2,007,414 1,985,208   -1.1 
  June .......................: 395,772   397,126     0.3  2,403,186 2,382,334   -0.9 
  July .......................: 388,817   361,949    -6.9  2,792,003 2,744,283   -1.7 
  August .....................: 401,818   419,109     4.3  3,193,821 3,163,392   -1.0 
  September ..................: 445,270   436,085    -2.1  3,639,091 3,599,477   -1.1 
  October ....................: 387,836                    4,026,927                  
  November ...................: 347,738                    4,374,665                  
  December ...................: 367,422                    4,742,087                  
                              :                                                       
                              :    1,000 gallons   percent      1,000 gallons  percent
                              :                                                       
Frozen yogurt, total          :                                                       
  January ....................:   4,699     4,125   -12.2      4,699     4,125  -12.2 
  February ...................:   5,614     5,377    -4.2     10,313     9,502   -7.9 
  March ......................:   6,283     6,079    -3.2     16,596    15,581   -6.1 
  April ......................:   7,000     6,281   -10.3     23,596    21,862   -7.3 
  May ........................:   5,827     5,755    -1.2     29,423    27,617   -6.1 
  June .......................:   7,069     6,320   -10.6     36,492    33,937   -7.0 
  July .......................:   6,616     6,004    -9.3     43,108    39,941   -7.3 
  August .....................:   5,891     5,926     0.6     48,999    45,867   -6.4 
  September ..................:   5,673     5,124    -9.7     54,672    50,991   -6.7 
  October ....................:   5,543                       60,215                  
  November ...................:   4,496                       64,711                  
  December ...................:   4,004                       68,715                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Includes Cheddar, Colby, Monterey, and Jack.                                       
2/ Includes protein standardized and blends.                                          
3/ Excludes all modified dry whey products.                                           

Total Cheese Production Excluding Cottage Cheese - States and United States:
September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:   193,048       205,574       202,451        4.9       -1.5   
Idaho ..........:    81,813        78,162        81,738       -0.1        4.6   
Illinois .......:     6,322         6,775         6,703        6.0       -1.1   
Iowa ...........:    17,000        20,680        18,172        6.9      -12.1   
Minnesota ......:    53,675        52,710        52,899       -1.4        0.4   
New Jersey .....:     5,043         5,158         5,582       10.7        8.2   
New Mexico .....:    59,776        61,712        59,875        0.2       -3.0   
New York .......:    70,190        72,696        71,049        1.2       -2.3   
Ohio ...........:    18,044        18,700        17,145       -5.0       -8.3   
Pennsylvania ...:    33,429        33,739        32,184       -3.7       -4.6   
South Dakota ...:    22,636        21,829        21,337       -5.7       -2.3   
Vermont ........:    10,384        11,407        10,424        0.4       -8.6   
Wisconsin ......:   250,496       261,277       258,850        3.3       -0.9   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   144,201       149,164       142,769       -1.0       -4.3   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   966,057       999,583       981,178        1.6       -1.8   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:   125,224       129,755       125,514        0.2       -3.3   
Central ........:   429,165       447,779       436,104        1.6       -2.6   
West ...........:   411,668       422,049       419,560        1.9       -0.6   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

American Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    52,615        55,630        53,186        1.1       -4.4   
Idaho ..........:    51,067        52,756        49,185       -3.7       -6.8   
Iowa ...........:    11,314        13,758        13,257       17.2       -3.6   
New York .......:    10,953        10,739        10,511       -4.0       -2.1   
Oregon .........:    15,876        16,327        16,397        3.3        0.4   
Pennsylvania ...:        79            79            78       -1.3       -1.3   
Wisconsin ......:    71,788        71,549        72,800        1.4        1.7   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   165,840       168,549       162,870       -1.8       -3.4   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   379,532       389,387       378,284       -0.3       -2.9   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    23,479        24,041        23,042       -1.9       -4.2   
Central ........:   180,250       180,286       179,620       -0.3       -0.4   
West ...........:   175,803       185,060       175,622       -0.1       -5.1   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Cheddar Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    28,039        30,291        27,933       -0.4       -7.8   
Idaho ..........:    41,305        41,646        36,559      -11.5      -12.2   
Iowa ...........:     7,843         8,536         8,323        6.1       -2.5   
Minnesota ......:    43,561        40,244        41,173       -5.5        2.3   
Vermont ........:     6,808         7,508         7,456        9.5       -0.7   
Wisconsin ......:    46,113        47,895        49,100        6.5        2.5   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    97,859       103,066        99,681        1.9       -3.3   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   271,528       279,186       270,225       -0.5       -3.2   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    22,364        22,954        22,065       -1.3       -3.9   
Central ........:   123,286       124,075       124,327        0.8        0.2   
West ...........:   125,878       132,157       123,833       -1.6       -6.3   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Total Italian Cheese Production - States and United States:
September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:   120,753       130,907       127,674        5.7       -2.5   
Idaho ..........:    25,226        19,394        26,134        3.6       34.8   
New York .......:    28,428        30,039        31,003        9.1        3.2   
Pennsylvania ...:    19,476        19,529        19,628        0.8        0.5   
Wisconsin ......:   123,382       135,341       131,227        6.4       -3.0   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    85,763        89,286        85,059       -0.8       -4.7   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   403,028       424,496       420,725        4.4       -0.9   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    52,827        54,731        55,720        5.5        1.8   
Central ........:   159,713       175,685       166,725        4.4       -5.1   
West ...........:   190,488       194,080       198,280        4.1        2.2   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Mozzarella Cheese Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:   110,258       119,182       118,325        7.3       -0.7   
Idaho ..........:    23,872        18,209        24,722        3.6       35.8   
New York .......:    14,696        15,053        15,712        6.9        4.4   
Pennsylvania ...:    16,580        16,357        16,902        1.9        3.3   
Wisconsin ......:    83,213        91,923        87,000        4.6       -5.4   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    68,499        67,914        66,447       -3.0       -2.2   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   317,118       328,638       329,108        3.8        0.1   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    33,591        34,245        35,251        4.9        2.9   
Central ........:   106,380       114,919       108,324        1.8       -5.7   
West ...........:   177,147       179,474       185,533        4.7        3.4   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Butter Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    38,520        38,223        39,972        3.8        4.6   
New York .......:     1,880         1,730         2,385       26.9       37.9   
Pennsylvania ...:     6,398         4,256         7,010        9.6       64.7   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    86,861        85,848        83,732       -3.6       -2.5   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   133,659       130,057       133,099       -0.4        2.3   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    12,397         9,076        14,116       13.9       55.5   
Central ........:    52,068        50,627        53,502        2.8        5.7   
West ...........:    69,194        70,354        65,481       -5.4       -6.9   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Nonfat Dry Milk (Human) Production - States and United States:
September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    48,691        30,552        41,801      -14.2       36.8   
Pennsylvania ...:    11,597        13,164        11,504       -0.8      -12.6   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    59,659        73,941        72,338       21.3       -2.2   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   119,947       117,657       125,643        4.7        6.8   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    19,241        25,390        19,096       -0.8      -24.8   
Central ........:    19,150        21,402        24,814       29.6       15.9   
West ...........:    81,556        70,865        81,733        0.2       15.3   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Dry Whey (Human) Production - States and United States: September 2015 and 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
      State     :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ---------- 1,000 pounds ----------       ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
New York .......:   12,710        12,307        13,151         3.5        6.9   
Wisconsin ......:   24,687        24,865        23,381        -5.3       -6.0   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   40,354        36,736        36,934        -8.5        0.5   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   77,751        73,908        73,466        -5.5       -0.6   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:   21,468        19,618        20,870        -2.8        6.4   
Central ........:   35,414        36,241        34,131        -3.6       -5.8   
West ...........:   20,869        18,049        18,465       -11.5        2.3   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Ice Cream, Regular (Hard) Production - States and United States:
September 2015 and 2016
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    :             :             :             :     Change from     
                    :  September  :   August    :  September  :---------------------
        State       :    2015     :    2016     :    2016     :September :  August  
                    :             :             :             :   2015   :   2016   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    :   ---------- 1,000 gallons ---------       ---- percent ---   
                    :                                                               
California .........:   11,800        10,427         9,120       -22.7      -12.5   
Connecticut ........:    1,230         1,203         1,086       -11.7       -9.7   
Missouri ...........:    1,918         2,149         1,915        -0.2      -10.9   
Ohio ...............:    2,206         2,376         1,997        -9.5      -16.0   
Oregon .............:      920         1,313         1,106        20.2      -15.8   
Pennsylvania .......:    3,197         4,008         2,872       -10.2      -28.3   
Wisconsin ..........:    1,605         1,999         1,768        10.2      -11.6   
                    :                                                               
Other States 1/ ....:   42,515        47,490        42,345        -0.4      -10.8   
                    :                                                               
United States ......:   65,391        70,965        62,209        -4.9      -12.3   
                    :                                                               
Atlantic ...........:   14,057        16,472        13,047        -7.2      -20.8   
Central ............:   33,485        37,548        34,316         2.5       -8.6   
West ...............:   17,849        16,945        14,846       -16.8      -12.4   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant           
   operations could be disclosed.                                                   

Statistical Methodology

Data Collection Period: Dairy products estimates are based upon survey data 
collected after the close of each month. Production data are provided by the 
firms producing dairy products.

Sampling frames and sample size: In 2015, there were 1,267 manufacturers that 
produced one or more dairy products. In states with small numbers of plants, 
reports are received from all plants each month. In states with large numbers 
of plants, survey procedures are designed to obtain monthly reports from all 
large plants and from a sample of small plants. In some states, the State 
Departments of Agriculture assist in collection of data, which eliminates 
duplicate reporting and reduces respondent burden.  

Modes of data collection: Data are collected by mail, personal and telephone 
interviews, facsimile, and via electronic mail.

Terms and definitions: Firms complete the questionnaire using standard 
industry definitions and through the aid of instructions and definitions 
provided on the questionnaire.

Reliability: Data for the Dairy Products report are collected by a Census of 
all known manufacturers of dairy products in the United States. Firms 
producing large quantities of dairy products, along with a sample of smaller 
firms, are contacted monthly to collect previous month production data. Those 
small firms not contacted monthly are contacted after the close of the year 
to obtain previous year production. Production of products at small firms not 
contacted monthly are estimated during the monthly survey based upon check 
data, and state and national trends. Small firms are defined as those that do 
not make up a significant portion of the published total. Plants storing 
nonfat dry milk and dry whey are required under Federal law as defined in 
Public Laws 106-532 and 107-171 to complete the Dairy Products report. Plants 
storing these items are contacted monthly. Additionally, many state 
governments have mandated that dairy plants in their state complete the Dairy 
Products report each month. Because the Dairy Products survey is a census, 
sampling error should not affect the final estimates, however non-sampling 
errors are possible.

Estimating Procedures: In the Regional Field Office (RFO), data reported by 
firms are reviewed for reasonableness and consistency by comparing with data 
reported in prior months and by data reported by other firms in the State. 
Each RFO summarizes data at the Individual State level. State estimates are 
submitted to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB) along with supporting 
comments where they are compared with surrounding states, their region, and 
national trends. During both RFO and ASB review, plants are sometimes 
contacted again for further verification of numbers reported. After ASB 
review, RFO data are summarized into a National level summary.    

Revision Policy: Monthly estimates are subject to revision the month 
following the preliminary estimates. Annual estimates are published in late 
April in the Dairy Products Yearly Summary report which includes any 
revisions made to previous 2 years of estimates. Revisions are generally due 
to plant data that are received too late to be included in the current 
report.

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock 
Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to 
nass@nass.usda.gov.

Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570

Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ...........  (202) 690-2424
   Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 720-3240
   Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs .................. (202) 720-3106
   David Colwell - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-8784
   Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 690-3236
   Michael Klamm - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ....... (202) 720-3040
   Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278
   
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following 
ways:

 	All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web 
site: www.nass.usda.gov

 	Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit 
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right 
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports 
you would like to receive.

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural 
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: 
nass@nass.usda.gov. 
  
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against 
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, 
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, 
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial 
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's 
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic 
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded 
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs 
and/or employment activities.) 
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, 
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online 
at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA 
office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a 
letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your 
completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of 
Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, 
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at 
program.intake@usda.gov.