Dairy Products

ISSN: 1949-0399

Released February 4, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service 
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of 
Agriculture (USDA).

December 2019 Highlights

Total cheese output (excluding cottage cheese) was 1.11 billion pounds, 
0.2 percent above December 2018 and 1.3 percent above November 2019.

Italian type cheese production totaled 471 million pounds, 1.7 percent below 
December 2018 and 0.7 percent below November 2019.

American type cheese production totaled 457 million pounds, 1.9 percent above 
December 2018 and 5.0 percent above November 2019.

Butter production was 177 million pounds, 4.0 percent above December 2018 and 
13.9 percent above November 2019.

Dry milk products (comparisons in percentage with December 2018)
Nonfat dry milk, human - 164 million pounds, up 15.3 percent.
Skim milk powder - 52.8 million pounds, up 4.8 percent.

Whey products (comparisons in percentage with December 2018)
Dry whey, total - 79.8 million pounds, up 7.1 percent.
Lactose, human and animal - 93.7 million pounds, down 15.1 percent.
Whey protein concentrate, total - 42.8 million pounds, down 2.2 percent.

Frozen products (comparisons in percentage with December 2018)
Ice cream, regular (hard) - 49.9 million gallons, up 13.8 percent.
Ice cream, lowfat (total) - 25.2 million gallons, down 10.5 percent.
Sherbet (hard) - 1.84 million gallons, down 12.2 percent.
Frozen yogurt (total) - 3.11 million gallons, down 0.7 percent.

Contents
   
Dairy Products Production by Product - United States: December 2018 and 2019............................  3
Whey and Modified Whey Products Production, Stocks, and Prices - United States: December 2018 and 2019..  4
Condensed and Dry Milk Products Production, Stocks, and Shipments - United States: 
December 2018 and 2019..................................................................................  5
Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2018 and 2019...........................  6
Total Cheese Production Excluding Cottage Cheese - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019..... 13
American Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019........................... 14
Cheddar Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019............................ 14
Total Italian Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019...................... 15
Mozzarella Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019......................... 15
Butter Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019.................................... 16
Nonfat Dry Milk (Human) Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019................... 16
Dry Whey (Human) Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019.......................... 17
Ice Cream, Regular (Hard) Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019................. 17
Dairy Products Regions.................................................................................. 18
Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 19
Information Contacts.................................................................................... 20
 
Dairy Products Production by Product - United States: December 2018 and 2019
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :   December   :   November   :   December   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2018     :     2019     :     2019     :   December   :   November   
                                        :              :              :              :     2018     :     2019     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :  ------------- 1,000 pounds ------------        ------ percent -----     
                                        :                                                                          
Butter .................................:    170,388        155,525        177,194          4.0           13.9     
                                        :                                                                          
Cheese                                  :                                                                          
  American types 1/ ....................:    448,340        434,896        456,660          1.9            5.0     
    Cheddar ............................:    326,117        311,104        331,551          1.7            6.6     
    Other American types ...............:    122,223        123,792        125,109          2.4            1.1     
  Blue and Gorgonzola ..................:      8,743          7,602          6,759        -22.7          -11.1     
  Brick and Muenster ...................:     14,691         15,675         15,091          2.7           -3.7     
  Cream and Neufchatel .................:     77,562         86,199         82,999          7.0           -3.7     
  Feta .................................:      8,473         10,156         11,603         36.9           14.2     
  Gouda ................................:      3,989          4,096          4,069          2.0           -0.7     
  Hispanic .............................:     29,973         28,048         25,369        -15.4           -9.6     
  Italian types ........................:    479,005        474,076        470,744         -1.7           -0.7     
    Mozzarella .........................:    377,006        376,481        370,859         -1.6           -1.5     
    Parmesan ...........................:     37,526         31,017         34,216         -8.8           10.3     
    Provolone ..........................:     30,404         30,572         30,706          1.0            0.4     
    Ricotta ............................:     22,153         23,863         22,837          3.1           -4.3     
    Romano .............................:      5,523          5,545          5,061         -8.4           -8.7     
    Other Italian types ................:      6,393          6,598          7,065         10.5            7.1     
  Swiss ................................:     27,907         26,023         27,492         -1.5            5.6     
  All other types ......................:     13,728         13,829         13,670         -0.4           -1.1     
                                        :                                                                          
  Total cheese 2/ ......................:  1,112,411      1,100,600      1,114,456          0.2            1.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Cottage cheese, curd 3/ ................:     29,519         28,631         28,381         -3.9           -0.9     
Cottage cheese, cream 4/ ...............:     26,146         26,747         27,557          5.4            3.0     
Cottage cheese, lowfat 5/ ..............:     24,621         24,002         23,241         -5.6           -3.2     
                                        :                                                                          
Sour cream .............................:    126,443        130,096        129,444          2.4           -0.5     
Yogurt, plain and flavored .............:    343,698        320,475        328,947         -4.3            2.6     
                                        :                                                                          
                                        :     ----------- 1,000 gallons ----------        ------ percent -----     
                                        :                                                                          
Frozen products                         :                                                                          
  Ice cream, regular, hard .............:     43,855         49,361         49,920         13.8            1.1     
  Ice cream, lowfat, hard ..............:     13,802         13,947         13,841          0.3           -0.8     
  Ice cream, lowfat, soft ..............:     14,350         11,232         11,368        -20.8            1.2     
  Ice cream, lowfat, total 6/ ..........:     28,152         25,179         25,209        -10.5            0.1     
  Ice cream, nonfat, hard ..............:        238            410            454         90.8           10.7     
  Sherbet, hard ........................:      2,100          2,164          1,844        -12.2          -14.8     
  Frozen yogurt, total .................:      3,133          3,170          3,112         -0.7           -1.8     
    Regular and lowfat, hard ...........:      1,269          1,017          1,146         -9.7           12.7     
    Nonfat, hard .......................:        240            323            342         42.5            5.9     
  Other frozen dairy products ..........:      1,014            540          1,127         11.1          108.7     
  Water and juice ices .................:      3,029          3,795          3,343         10.4          -11.9     
                                        :                                                                          
Mix for frozen products                 :                                                                          
  Ice cream, regular, mix ..............:     26,694         29,074         31,128         16.6            7.1     
  Ice cream, lowfat, mix 7/ ............:     15,294         14,066         14,092         -7.9            0.2     
  Ice cream, nonfat, mix ...............:        285            300            288          1.1           -4.0     
  Sherbet mix ..........................:      1,445          1,496          1,217        -15.8          -18.6     
  Yogurt mix ...........................:      2,023          1,784          1,856         -8.3            4.0     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Includes Cheddar, Colby, washed curd, stirred curd, Monterey, and Jack.                                         
2/ Excludes Cottage Cheese.                                                                                        
3/ Mostly used for processing into cream or lowfat cottage cheese.                                                 
4/ Fat content 4 percent or more.                                                                                  
5/ Fat content less than 4 percent.                                                                                
6/ Includes freezer-made milkshake.                                                                                
7/ Includes milkshake mix.                                                                                         

Whey and Modified Whey Products Production, Stocks, and Prices - United States: December 2018 and 2019
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :   December   :   November   :   December   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2018     :     2019     :     2019     :   December   :   November   
                                        :              :              :              :     2018     :     2019     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :   ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------         ------ percent -----     
Condensed whey, solids content 1/       :                                                                          
  Sweet-type, human ....................:    10,423          7,966          7,371         -29.3           -7.5     
                                        :                                                                          
Dry whey products                       :                                                                          
  Dry whey, human ......................:    73,196         73,921         78,695           7.5            6.5     
  Dry whey, animal .....................:     1,309          1,190          1,125         -14.1           -5.5     
  Dry whey, total ......................:    74,505         75,111         79,820           7.1            6.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Reduced lactose and minerals            :                                                                          
  Human ................................:     1,720          1,364          1,701          -1.1           24.7     
  Animal ...............................:     2,616          2,925          2,698           3.1           -7.8     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein concentrate                :                                                                          
  Human 2/ .............................:    43,064         39,653         42,232          -1.9            6.5     
  Animal 2/ ............................:       658            833            520         -21.0          -37.6     
  Total 2/ .............................:    43,722         40,486         42,752          -2.2            5.6     
    25.0-49.9 percent 3/ ...............:    18,345         14,212         16,021         -12.7           12.7     
    50.0-89.9 percent 3/ ...............:    25,377         26,274         26,731           5.3            1.7     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein isolates 4/ ...............:    11,007          8,986          9,099         -17.3            1.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Lactose, human and animal ..............:   110,406         88,656         93,740         -15.1            5.7     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' stocks end of month 5/   :                                                                          
Dry whey products                       :                                                                          
  Dry whey, human ......................:    70,010         77,958         71,487           2.1           -8.3     
  Dry whey, animal .....................:       926          1,063            859          -7.2          -19.2     
  Dry whey, total ......................:    70,936         79,021         72,346           2.0           -8.4     
                                        :                                                                          
Reduced Lactose and minerals            :                                                                          
 Human and animal 6/ ...................:     4,191          5,138          5,073          21.0           -1.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein concentrate                :                                                                          
  Human 2/ .............................:    64,000         67,148         67,023           4.7           -0.2     
  Animal 2/ ............................:     1,080            815            612         -43.3          -24.9     
  Total 2/ .............................:    65,080         67,963         67,635           3.9           -0.5     
    25.0-49.9 percent 3/ ...............:    25,149         24,528         26,536           5.5            8.2     
    50.0-89.9 percent 3/ ...............:    39,931         43,435         41,099           2.9           -5.4     
                                        :                                                                          
Whey protein isolates 4/ ...............:    23,947         17,543         16,722         -30.2           -4.7     
                                        :                                                                          
Lactose, human and animal ..............:   105,638        116,656        111,518           5.6           -4.4     
                                        :      --------- cents per pound --------         --- cents change ---     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' selling price 7/         :                                                                          
Dry whey, animal .......................:      34.7           12.3           19.9         -14.9            7.6     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Final marketable product only. Does not include quantity used or shipped to another plant for further           
   processing into dry whey or modified whey products. Does not include sweet-type, animal whey.                   
2/ Whey protein concentrate, 25.0 to 89.9 percent.                                                                 
3/ Whey protein concentrate, human and animal.                                                                     
4/ Whey protein isolate, 90.0 percent or greater.                                                                  
5/ Stocks held by manufacturers at all points and in transit.                                                      
6/ Reduced lactose and minerals stocks combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations.                      
7/ Prices for bulk goods, f.o.b. plant. Average monthly prices reported by firms.                                  

Condensed and Dry Milk Products Production, Stocks, and Shipments - United States: December 2018 and 2019
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :              :              :              :         Change from         
                                        :   December   :   November   :   December   :-----------------------------
                 Product                :     2018     :     2019     :     2019     :   December   :   November   
                                        :              :              :              :     2018     :     2019     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        :   ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------         ------ percent -----     
Production                              :                                                                          
Bulk condensed milk                     :                                                                          
  Skim, unsweetened ....................:    89,800         91,162         96,887           7.9            6.3     
                                        :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Dry buttermilk, total ................:     9,027          8,881         11,844          31.2           33.4     
  Dry skim milk, animal ................:     1,351            894            770         -43.0          -13.9     
  Dry whole milk .......................:     7,773          9,856          8,920          14.8           -9.5     
  Milk protein concentrate, total 1/ ...:    10,283         10,050         14,560          41.6           44.9     
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   142,522        141,703        164,257          15.3           15.9     
  Skim milk powder, total 2/ ...........:    50,316         43,733         52,753           4.8           20.6     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' stocks end-of-month 3/   :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Dry buttermilk, total ................:    17,648         14,953         17,357          -1.6           16.1     
  Dry skim milk, animal ................:    16,155         15,597         12,661         -21.6          -18.8     
  Dry whole milk .......................:    15,573         15,917         12,113         -22.2          -23.9     
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   276,527        222,669        248,432         -10.2           11.6     
                                        :                                                                          
Manufacturers' shipments 4/             :                                                                          
Dry milk products                       :                                                                          
  Nonfat dry milk, human ...............:   170,379        140,180        124,726         -26.8          -11.0     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Dry milk protein concentrate, 40-89.9 percent.                                                                  
2/ Includes protein standardized and blends.                                                                       
3/ Stocks held by manufacturers at all points and in transit.                                                      
4/ For dry products, shipments of bulk goods.                                                                      

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States: 2018 and 2019
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :           Monthly           :         Cumulative          
       Product and month      :-----------------------------------------------------------
                              :          :          :Change :          :          :Change 
                              :   2018   :   2019   : from  :   2018   :   2019   : from  
                              :          :          : 2018  :          :          : 2018  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :--- 1,000 pounds ---  percent ---- 1,000 pounds --- percent
Total cheese 1/               :                                                           
  January ....................:1,098,670  1,098,353      -    1,098,670  1,098,353     -  
  February ...................:  992,824    991,346   -0.1    2,091,494  2,089,699  -0.1  
  March ......................:1,108,022  1,120,525    1.1    3,199,516  3,210,224   0.3  
  April ......................:1,078,148  1,086,416    0.8    4,277,664  4,296,640   0.4  
  May ........................:1,085,249  1,109,044    2.2    5,362,913  5,405,684   0.8  
  June .......................:1,065,989  1,067,383    0.1    6,428,902  6,473,067   0.7  
  July .......................:1,087,097  1,092,686    0.5    7,515,999  7,565,753   0.7  
  August .....................:1,086,966  1,121,987    3.2    8,602,965  8,687,740   1.0  
  September ..................:1,059,076  1,080,648    2.0    9,662,041  9,768,388   1.1  
  October ....................:1,154,170  1,137,641   -1.4   10,816,211 10,906,029   0.8  
  November ...................:1,095,965  1,100,600    0.4   11,912,176 12,006,629   0.8  
  December ...................:1,112,411  1,114,456    0.2   13,024,587 13,121,085   0.7  
                              :                                                           
Total American cheese types 2/:                                                           
  January ....................:  448,124    439,283   -2.0      448,124    439,283  -2.0  
  February ...................:  406,189    391,027   -3.7      854,313    830,310  -2.8  
  March ......................:  443,185    440,262   -0.7    1,297,498  1,270,572  -2.1  
  April ......................:  444,287    431,588   -2.9    1,741,785  1,702,160  -2.3  
  May ........................:  442,968    443,943    0.2    2,184,753  2,146,103  -1.8  
  June .......................:  429,076    426,627   -0.6    2,613,829  2,572,730  -1.6  
  July .......................:  440,937    437,343   -0.8    3,054,766  3,010,073  -1.5  
  August .....................:  435,388    459,204    5.5    3,490,154  3,469,277  -0.6  
  September ..................:  424,032    414,502   -2.2    3,914,186  3,883,779  -0.8  
  October ....................:  457,122    445,950   -2.4    4,371,308  4,329,729  -1.0  
  November ...................:  434,185    434,896    0.2    4,805,493  4,764,625  -0.9  
  December ...................:  448,340    456,660    1.9    5,253,833  5,221,285  -0.6  
                              :                                                           
Cheddar cheese                :                                                           
  January ....................:  331,985    323,210   -2.6      331,985    323,210  -2.6  
  February ...................:  301,256    280,816   -6.8      633,241    604,026  -4.6  
  March ......................:  320,257    312,494   -2.4      953,498    916,520  -3.9  
  April ......................:  319,153    307,591   -3.6    1,272,651  1,224,111  -3.8  
  May ........................:  318,665    321,660    0.9    1,591,316  1,545,771  -2.9  
  June .......................:  312,869    307,127   -1.8    1,904,185  1,852,898  -2.7  
  July .......................:  325,217    307,940   -5.3    2,229,402  2,160,838  -3.1  
  August .....................:  311,974    325,145    4.2    2,541,376  2,485,983  -2.2  
  September ..................:  297,632    283,246   -4.8    2,839,008  2,769,229  -2.5  
  October ....................:  323,213    310,108   -4.1    3,162,221  3,079,337  -2.6  
  November ...................:  314,170    311,104   -1.0    3,476,391  3,390,441  -2.5  
  December ...................:  326,117    331,551    1.7    3,802,508  3,721,992  -2.1  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                               --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                              :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Total Italian cheese types    :                                                       
  January ....................: 473,913   480,134     1.3    473,913   480,134   1.3  
  February ...................: 428,100   441,082     3.0    902,013   921,216   2.1  
  March ......................: 483,095   494,933     2.5  1,385,108 1,416,149   2.2  
  April ......................: 460,768   476,853     3.5  1,845,876 1,893,002   2.6  
  May ........................: 460,817   475,351     3.2  2,306,693 2,368,353   2.7  
  June .......................: 450,929   462,859     2.6  2,757,622 2,831,212   2.7  
  July .......................: 462,769   465,587     0.6  3,220,391 3,296,799   2.4  
  August .....................: 453,431   467,324     3.1  3,673,822 3,764,123   2.5  
  September ..................: 450,964   470,703     4.4  4,124,786 4,234,826   2.7  
  October ....................: 483,852   485,386     0.3  4,608,638 4,720,212   2.4  
  November ...................: 469,207   474,076     1.0  5,077,845 5,194,288   2.3  
  December ...................: 479,005   470,744    -1.7  5,556,850 5,665,032   1.9  
                              :                                                       
Mozzarella                    :                                                       
  January ....................: 365,563   379,627     3.8    365,563   379,627   3.8  
  February ...................: 328,591   347,234     5.7    694,154   726,861   4.7  
  March ......................: 372,712   392,018     5.2  1,066,866 1,118,879   4.9  
  April ......................: 358,320   373,667     4.3  1,425,186 1,492,546   4.7  
  May ........................: 359,072   375,667     4.6  1,784,258 1,868,213   4.7  
  June .......................: 355,249   371,007     4.4  2,139,507 2,239,220   4.7  
  July .......................: 367,437   369,779     0.6  2,506,944 2,608,999   4.1  
  August .....................: 357,346   371,629     4.0  2,864,290 2,980,628   4.1  
  September ..................: 358,579   376,283     4.9  3,222,869 3,356,911   4.2  
  October ....................: 381,217   385,784     1.2  3,604,086 3,742,695   3.8  
  November ...................: 370,269   376,481     1.7  3,974,355 4,119,176   3.6  
  December ...................: 377,006   370,859    -1.6  4,351,361 4,490,035   3.2  
                              :                                                       
Other Italian cheese types    :                                                       
  January ....................:   5,549     6,750    21.6      5,549     6,750  21.6  
  February ...................:   5,689     6,076     6.8     11,238    12,826  14.1  
  March ......................:   6,417     7,328    14.2     17,655    20,154  14.2  
  April ......................:   5,909     6,567    11.1     23,564    26,721  13.4  
  May ........................:   6,671     6,330    -5.1     30,235    33,051   9.3  
  June .......................:   6,828     5,981   -12.4     37,063    39,032   5.3  
  July .......................:   6,084     6,749    10.9     43,147    45,781   6.1  
  August .....................:   6,181     7,244    17.2     49,328    53,025   7.5  
  September ..................:   6,728     6,805     1.1     56,056    59,830   6.7  
  October ....................:   6,257     5,559   -11.2     62,313    65,389   4.9  
  November ...................:   6,987     6,598    -5.6     69,300    71,987   3.9  
  December ...................:   6,393     7,065    10.5     75,693    79,052   4.4  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                              :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Butter                        :                                                       
  January ....................: 182,143   189,642     4.1    182,143   189,642    4.1 
  February ...................: 167,669   164,525    -1.9    349,812   354,167    1.2 
  March ......................: 181,847   173,558    -4.6    531,659   527,725   -0.7 
  April ......................: 175,216   164,674    -6.0    706,875   692,399   -2.0 
  May ........................: 170,122   160,945    -5.4    876,997   853,344   -2.7 
  June .......................: 142,122   144,801     1.9  1,019,119   998,145   -2.1 
  July .......................: 134,564   142,541     5.9  1,153,683 1,140,686   -1.1 
  August .....................: 133,571   137,322     2.8  1,287,254 1,278,008   -0.7 
  September ..................: 135,041   137,886     2.1  1,422,295 1,415,894   -0.5 
  October ....................: 148,896   156,946     5.4  1,571,191 1,572,840    0.1 
  November ...................: 149,428   155,525     4.1  1,720,619 1,728,365    0.5 
  December ...................: 170,388   177,194     4.0  1,891,007 1,905,559    0.8 
                              :                                                       
Nonfat dry milk, human        :                                                       
  January ....................: 159,272   172,690     8.4    159,272   172,690    8.4 
  February ...................: 157,105   153,806    -2.1    316,377   326,496    3.2 
  March ......................: 177,980   163,944    -7.9    494,357   490,440   -0.8 
  April ......................: 169,428   165,049    -2.6    663,785   655,489   -1.2 
  May ........................: 165,670   170,687     3.0    829,455   826,176   -0.4 
  June .......................: 152,244   155,862     2.4    981,699   982,038      - 
  July .......................: 150,193   168,198    12.0  1,131,892 1,150,236    1.6 
  August .....................: 129,077   133,720     3.6  1,260,969 1,283,956    1.8 
  September ..................: 114,030   120,297     5.5  1,374,999 1,404,253    2.1 
  October ....................: 121,595   135,233    11.2  1,496,594 1,539,486    2.9 
  November ...................: 134,424   141,703     5.4  1,631,018 1,681,189    3.1 
  December ...................: 142,522   164,257    15.3  1,773,540 1,845,446    4.1 
                              :                                                       
Skim milk powder, total 3/    :                                                       
  January ....................:  44,033    39,784    -9.6     44,033    39,784   -9.6 
  February ...................:  38,034    35,630    -6.3     82,067    75,414   -8.1 
  March ......................:  42,066    46,677    11.0    124,133   122,091   -1.6 
  April ......................:  49,457    45,014    -9.0    173,590   167,105   -3.7 
  May ........................:  50,374    25,169   -50.0    223,964   192,274  -14.1 
  June .......................:  59,439    44,384   -25.3    283,403   236,658  -16.5 
  July .......................:  47,498    36,725   -22.7    330,901   273,383  -17.4 
  August .....................:  47,558    51,350     8.0    378,459   324,733  -14.2 
  September ..................:  46,694    52,806    13.1    425,153   377,539  -11.2 
  October ....................:  48,580    44,459    -8.5    473,733   421,998  -10.9 
  November ...................:  42,455    43,733     3.0    516,188   465,731   -9.8 
  December ...................:  50,316    52,753     4.8    566,504   518,484   -8.5 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
        Product and month       :-------------------------------------------------------
                                :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                                :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                                :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Dry whey, total 4/              :                                                       
  January ......................:  90,569    81,202   -10.3     90,569    81,202  -10.3 
  February .....................:  89,431    74,948   -16.2    180,000   156,150  -13.3 
  March ........................:  91,368    76,372   -16.4    271,368   232,522  -14.3 
  April ........................:  85,731    74,997   -12.5    357,099   307,519  -13.9 
  May ..........................:  85,904    79,483    -7.5    443,003   387,002  -12.6 
  June .........................:  86,603    82,976    -4.2    529,606   469,978  -11.3 
  July .........................:  90,171    82,905    -8.1    619,777   552,883  -10.8 
  August .......................:  78,814    84,909     7.7    698,591   637,792   -8.7 
  September ....................:  69,951    90,626    29.6    768,542   728,418   -5.2 
  October ......................:  84,003    90,842     8.1    852,545   819,260   -3.9 
  November .....................:  72,306    75,111     3.9    924,851   894,371   -3.3 
  December .....................:  74,505    79,820     7.1    999,356   974,191   -2.5 
                                :                                                       
Lactose, human and animal       :                                                       
  January ......................:  94,822   111,586    17.7     94,822   111,586   17.7 
  February .....................:  86,232    98,080    13.7    181,054   209,666   15.8 
  March ........................: 100,861   114,527    13.5    281,915   324,193   15.0 
  April ........................:  93,472   108,038    15.6    375,387   432,231   15.1 
  May ..........................:  96,204   109,247    13.6    471,591   541,478   14.8 
  June .........................:  95,874   106,630    11.2    567,465   648,108   14.2 
  July .........................:  98,603   106,918     8.4    666,068   755,026   13.4 
  August .......................:  97,273    95,457    -1.9    763,341   850,483   11.4 
  September ....................:  91,391    95,525     4.5    854,732   946,008   10.7 
  October ......................:  90,025    96,939     7.7    944,757 1,042,947   10.4 
  November .....................: 103,137    88,656   -14.0  1,047,894 1,131,603    8.0 
  December .....................: 110,406    93,740   -15.1  1,158,300 1,225,343    5.8 
                                :                                                       
Whey protein concentrate, total :                                                       
  January ......................:  44,257    43,170    -2.5     44,257    43,170   -2.5 
  February .....................:  41,182    39,295    -4.6     85,439    82,465   -3.5 
  March ........................:  50,463    42,769   -15.2    135,902   125,234   -7.8 
  April ........................:  41,887    40,729    -2.8    177,789   165,963   -6.7 
  May ..........................:  42,424    41,126    -3.1    220,213   207,089   -6.0 
  June .........................:  41,001    39,191    -4.4    261,214   246,280   -5.7 
  July .........................:  40,877    39,624    -3.1    302,091   285,904   -5.4 
  August .......................:  42,856    39,789    -7.2    344,947   325,693   -5.6 
  September ....................:  41,991    39,865    -5.1    386,938   365,558   -5.5 
  October ......................:  42,392    40,546    -4.4    429,330   406,104   -5.4 
  November .....................:  40,919    40,486    -1.1    470,249   446,590   -5.0 
  December .....................:  43,722    42,752    -2.2    513,971   489,342   -4.8 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                             --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                              :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Cottage cheese, cream         :                                                       
  January ....................:  27,933    28,322     1.4     27,933    28,322   1.4  
  February ...................:  27,261    26,094    -4.3     55,194    54,416  -1.4  
  March ......................:  32,655    30,228    -7.4     87,849    84,644  -3.6  
  April ......................:  29,410    31,141     5.9    117,259   115,785  -1.3  
  May ........................:  32,320    29,580    -8.5    149,579   145,365  -2.8  
  June .......................:  31,006    28,754    -7.3    180,585   174,119  -3.6  
  July .......................:  30,114    32,594     8.2    210,699   206,713  -1.9  
  August .....................:  31,920    27,859   -12.7    242,619   234,572  -3.3  
  September ..................:  27,141    27,360     0.8    269,760   261,932  -2.9  
  October ....................:  29,828    31,962     7.2    299,588   293,894  -1.9  
  November ...................:  27,051    26,747    -1.1    326,639   320,641  -1.8  
  December ...................:  26,146    27,557     5.4    352,785   348,198  -1.3  
                              :                                                       
Cottage cheese, lowfat        :                                                       
  January ....................:  29,299    28,134    -4.0     29,299    28,134  -4.0  
  February ...................:  27,577    25,374    -8.0     56,876    53,508  -5.9  
  March ......................:  31,340    28,122   -10.3     88,216    81,630  -7.5  
  April ......................:  29,982    29,221    -2.5    118,198   110,851  -6.2  
  May ........................:  31,476    27,653   -12.1    149,674   138,504  -7.5  
  June .......................:  28,321    25,769    -9.0    177,995   164,273  -7.7  
  July .......................:  29,296    29,827     1.8    207,291   194,100  -6.4  
  August .....................:  29,342    26,402   -10.0    236,633   220,502  -6.8  
  September ..................:  26,943    27,505     2.1    263,576   248,007  -5.9  
  October ....................:  28,706    27,890    -2.8    292,282   275,897  -5.6  
  November ...................:  25,181    24,002    -4.7    317,463   299,899  -5.5  
  December ...................:  24,621    23,241    -5.6    342,084   323,140  -5.5  
                              :                                                       
Sour cream                    :                                                       
  January ....................: 120,265   120,975     0.6    120,265   120,975   0.6  
  February ...................:  98,965   100,923     2.0    219,230   221,898   1.2  
  March ......................: 116,365   108,829    -6.5    335,595   330,727  -1.5  
  April ......................: 111,335   117,612     5.6    446,930   448,339   0.3  
  May ........................: 119,221   121,142     1.6    566,151   569,481   0.6  
  June .......................: 114,106   111,628    -2.2    680,257   681,109   0.1  
  July .......................: 109,820   118,337     7.8    790,077   799,446   1.2  
  August .....................: 119,327   115,858    -2.9    909,404   915,304   0.6  
  September ..................: 107,914   113,199     4.9  1,017,318 1,028,503   1.1  
  October ....................: 128,883   133,084     3.3  1,146,201 1,161,587   1.3  
  November ...................: 130,767   130,096    -0.5  1,276,968 1,291,683   1.2  
  December ...................: 126,443   129,444     2.4  1,403,411 1,421,127   1.3  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                              :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :   1,000 gallons    percent    1,000 gallons    percent
Ice cream, regular hard       :                                                       
  January ....................: 53,684    53,551     -0.2    53,684    53,551    -0.2 
  February ...................: 55,447    52,120     -6.0   109,131   105,671    -3.2 
  March ......................: 63,553    65,449      3.0   172,684   171,120    -0.9 
  April ......................: 62,821    64,091      2.0   235,505   235,211    -0.1 
  May ........................: 64,551    64,194     -0.6   300,056   299,405    -0.2 
  June .......................: 70,263    66,462     -5.4   370,319   365,867    -1.2 
  July .......................: 68,966    65,958     -4.4   439,285   431,825    -1.7 
  August .....................: 70,111    61,956    -11.6   509,396   493,781    -3.1 
  September ..................: 56,601    59,247      4.7   565,997   553,028    -2.3 
  October ....................: 60,610    58,963     -2.7   626,607   611,991    -2.3 
  November ...................: 48,070    49,361      2.7   674,677   661,352    -2.0 
  December ...................: 43,855    49,920     13.8   718,532   711,272    -1.0 
                              :                                                       
Ice cream, lowfat total       :                                                       
  January ....................: 32,568    31,559     -3.1    32,568    31,559    -3.1 
  February ...................: 34,823    32,235     -7.4    67,391    63,794    -5.3 
  March ......................: 41,108    41,611      1.2   108,499   105,405    -2.9 
  April ......................: 40,800    44,487      9.0   149,299   149,892     0.4 
  May ........................: 42,471    48,594     14.4   191,770   198,486     3.5 
  June .......................: 45,471    45,579      0.2   237,241   244,065     2.9 
  July .......................: 42,333    43,393      2.5   279,574   287,458     2.8 
  August .....................: 41,742    37,929     -9.1   321,316   325,387     1.3 
  September ..................: 34,907    32,503     -6.9   356,223   357,890     0.5 
  October ....................: 36,607    31,828    -13.1   392,830   389,718    -0.8 
  November ...................: 30,121    25,179    -16.4   422,951   414,897    -1.9 
  December ...................: 28,152    25,209    -10.5   451,103   440,106    -2.4 
                              :                                                       
Sherbet, hard                 :                                                       
  January ....................:  2,858     2,551    -10.7     2,858     2,551   -10.7 
  February ...................:  3,112     2,653    -14.7     5,970     5,204   -12.8 
  March ......................:  3,368     3,502      4.0     9,338     8,706    -6.8 
  April ......................:  3,578     3,236     -9.6    12,916    11,942    -7.5 
  May ........................:  3,513     3,294     -6.2    16,429    15,236    -7.3 
  June .......................:  3,563     3,346     -6.1    19,992    18,582    -7.1 
  July .......................:  3,151     2,974     -5.6    23,143    21,556    -6.9 
  August .....................:  3,255     2,563    -21.3    26,398    24,119    -8.6 
  September ..................:  3,084     2,702    -12.4    29,482    26,821    -9.0 
  October ....................:  2,978     2,450    -17.7    32,460    29,271    -9.8 
  November ...................:  2,341     2,164     -7.6    34,801    31,435    -9.7 
  December ...................:  2,100     1,844    -12.2    36,901    33,279    -9.8 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table.                                           --continued

Dairy Products Production by Product and Month - United States:
2018 and 2019 (continued)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :          Monthly          :        Cumulative         
       Product and month      :-------------------------------------------------------
                              :         :         :Change :         :         :Change 
                              :  2018   :  2019   : from  :  2018   :  2019   : from  
                              :         :         : 2018  :         :         : 2018  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              :    1,000 pounds    percent --- 1,000 pounds -- percent
Yogurt, plain and flavored    :                                                       
  January ....................: 372,015   360,050    -3.2    372,015   360,050  -3.2  
  February ...................: 376,710   365,389    -3.0    748,725   725,439  -3.1  
  March ......................: 389,848   390,607     0.2  1,138,573 1,116,046  -2.0  
  April ......................: 358,160   371,640     3.8  1,496,733 1,487,686  -0.6  
  May ........................: 373,431   347,538    -6.9  1,870,164 1,835,224  -1.9  
  June .......................: 373,079   360,060    -3.5  2,243,243 2,195,284  -2.1  
  July .......................: 360,886   348,256    -3.5  2,604,129 2,543,540  -2.3  
  August .....................: 396,296   357,283    -9.8  3,000,425 2,900,823  -3.3  
  September ..................: 369,989   357,865    -3.3  3,370,414 3,258,688  -3.3  
  October ....................: 363,128   352,291    -3.0  3,733,542 3,610,979  -3.3  
  November ...................: 310,848   320,475     3.1  4,044,390 3,931,454  -2.8  
  December ...................: 343,698   328,947    -4.3  4,388,088 4,260,401  -2.9  
                              :                                                       
                              :    1,000 gallons   percent      1,000 gallons  percent
                              :                                                       
Frozen yogurt, total          :                                                       
  January ....................:   4,054     5,145    26.9      4,054     5,145  26.9  
  February ...................:   4,094     4,500     9.9      8,148     9,645  18.4  
  March ......................:   5,495     4,750   -13.6     13,643    14,395   5.5  
  April ......................:   5,212     4,896    -6.1     18,855    19,291   2.3  
  May ........................:   4,880     4,673    -4.2     23,735    23,964   1.0  
  June .......................:   5,089     2,936   -42.3     28,824    26,900  -6.7  
  July .......................:   4,258     4,078    -4.2     33,082    30,978  -6.4  
  August .....................:   4,005     4,011     0.1     37,087    34,989  -5.7  
  September ..................:   3,622     3,817     5.4     40,709    38,806  -4.7  
  October ....................:   3,124     2,955    -5.4     43,833    41,761  -4.7  
  November ...................:   3,261     3,170    -2.8     47,094    44,931  -4.6  
  December ...................:   3,133     3,112    -0.7     50,227    48,043  -4.3  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Represents zero.                                                                   
1/ Excludes Cottage Cheese.                                                           
2/ Includes Cheddar, Colby, washed curd, stirred curd, Monterey, and Jack.            
3/ Includes protein standardized and blends.                                          
4/ Excludes all modified dry whey products.                                           

Total Cheese Production Excluding Cottage Cheese - States and United States:
December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :  ------------ 1,000 pounds -----------      --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    221,276       217,793       202,839      -8.3       -6.9   
Idaho ..........:     85,176        77,105        88,686       4.1       15.0   
Illinois .......:      7,305         6,085         7,051      -3.5       15.9   
Iowa ...........:     26,039        28,667        28,735      10.4        0.2   
Minnesota ......:     65,561        58,321        62,884      -4.1        7.8   
New Jersey .....:      5,264         5,280         5,547       5.4        5.1   
New Mexico .....:     80,165        80,442        82,564       3.0        2.6   
New York .......:     64,454        69,673        68,044       5.6       -2.3   
Ohio ...........:     18,127        19,015        20,506      13.1        7.8   
Oregon .........:     18,645        16,977        18,354      -1.6        8.1   
Pennsylvania ...:     36,808        35,278        39,904       8.4       13.1   
South Dakota ...:     25,809        32,801        33,747      30.8        2.9   
Vermont ........:     13,504        12,387        12,513      -7.3        1.0   
Wisconsin ......:    279,799       284,171       280,248       0.2       -1.4   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    164,479       156,605       162,834      -1.0        4.0   
                :                                                               
United States ..:  1,112,411     1,100,600     1,114,456       0.2        1.3   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    131,286       133,779       137,068       4.4        2.5   
Central ........:    501,818       506,493       514,487       2.5        1.6   
West ...........:    479,307       460,328       462,901      -3.4        0.6   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

American Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    54,714        49,042        50,039       -8.5        2.0   
Idaho ..........:    50,303        48,602        53,302        6.0        9.7   
Iowa ...........:    16,358        17,993        18,127       10.8        0.7   
Minnesota ......:    54,027        51,738        54,606        1.1        5.5   
New York .......:    11,815        12,068        11,541       -2.3       -4.4   
Oregon .........:    18,548        16,885        18,262       -1.5        8.2   
Wisconsin ......:    85,575        83,343        86,900        1.5        4.3   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   157,000       155,225       163,883        4.4        5.6   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   448,340       434,896       456,660        1.9        5.0   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    28,719        28,577        28,131       -2.0       -1.6   
Central ........:   222,662       218,933       231,098        3.8        5.6   
West ...........:   196,959       187,386       197,431        0.2        5.4   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Cheddar Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    32,658        24,347        24,343      -25.5          -   
Idaho ..........:    36,820        34,765        41,701       13.3       20.0   
Iowa ...........:     9,454         9,031         9,661        2.2        7.0   
Minnesota ......:    51,255        50,104        52,891        3.2        5.6   
Oregon .........:    15,385        14,492        15,641        1.7        7.9   
Vermont ........:     8,699         8,654         8,872        2.0        2.5   
Wisconsin ......:    60,290        58,364        61,000        1.2        4.5   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   111,556       111,347       117,442        5.3        5.5   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   326,117       311,104       331,551        1.7        6.6   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    27,335        26,876        27,033       -1.1        0.6   
Central ........:   161,287       154,822       164,056        1.7        6.0   
West ...........:   137,495       129,406       140,462        2.2        8.5   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Represents zero.                                                             
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Total Italian Cheese Production - States and United States:
December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:   142,505       148,096       133,640       -6.2       -9.8   
Idaho ..........:    29,162        23,719        30,982        6.2       30.6   
Minnesota ......:    11,009         6,279         8,034      -27.0       28.0   
New York .......:    30,411        31,323        29,046       -4.5       -7.3   
Pennsylvania ...:    23,125        20,961        22,441       -3.0        7.1   
Wisconsin ......:   140,619       139,719       138,273       -1.7       -1.0   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   102,174       103,979       108,328        6.0        4.2   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   479,005       474,076       470,744       -1.7       -0.7   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    61,060        59,641        59,047       -3.3       -1.0   
Central ........:   185,621       186,697       188,455        1.5        0.9   
West ...........:   232,324       227,738       223,242       -3.9       -2.0   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Mozzarella Cheese Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:   131,296       137,692       122,914       -6.4      -10.7   
Idaho ..........:    28,161        23,094        30,327        7.7       31.3   
New York .......:    16,594        15,911        14,563      -12.2       -8.5   
Pennsylvania ...:    20,024        17,703        18,712       -6.6        5.7   
Wisconsin ......:    90,475        90,054        88,800       -1.9       -1.4   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    90,456        92,027        95,543        5.6        3.8   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   377,006       376,481       370,859       -1.6       -1.5   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    39,915        38,087        36,776       -7.9       -3.4   
Central ........:   118,165       123,142       123,560        4.6        0.3   
West ...........:   218,926       215,252       210,523       -3.8       -2.2   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Butter Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------       --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    47,504        48,649        55,483       16.8       14.0   
New York .......:     2,414         1,970         2,413          -       22.5   
Pennsylvania ...:     6,639         7,980         8,914       34.3       11.7   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   113,831        96,926       110,384       -3.0       13.9   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   170,388       155,525       177,194        4.0       13.9   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    16,700        14,342        19,450       16.5       35.6   
Central ........:    74,627        64,328        69,463       -6.9        8.0   
West ...........:    79,061        76,855        88,281       11.7       14.9   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  Represents zero.                                                             
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Nonfat Dry Milk (Human) Production - States and United States:
December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ----------- 1,000 pounds ----------      ---- percent ---   
                :                                                               
California .....:    46,824        44,918        55,734       19.0       24.1   
Pennsylvania ...:    12,009        14,632        18,042       50.2       23.3   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :    83,689        82,153        90,481        8.1       10.1   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   142,522       141,703       164,257       15.3       15.9   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:    27,766        27,268        34,548       24.4       26.7   
Central ........:    32,323        30,983        29,074      -10.1       -6.2   
West ...........:    82,433        83,452       100,635       22.1       20.6   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Dry Whey (Human) Production - States and United States: December 2018 and 2019
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :             :             :             :     Change from     
                :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
      State     :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                :   ---------- 1,000 pounds ----------        --- percent ---   
                :                                                               
New York .......:   11,640        11,179        10,854        -6.8       -2.9   
Wisconsin ......:   23,819        22,443        26,638        11.8       18.7   
                :                                                               
Other States 1/ :   37,737        40,299        41,203         9.2        2.2   
                :                                                               
United States ..:   73,196        73,921        78,695         7.5        6.5   
                :                                                               
Atlantic .......:   21,350        20,794        21,206        -0.7        2.0   
Central ........:   33,232        35,357        40,207        21.0       13.7   
West ...........:   18,614        17,770        17,282        -7.2       -2.7   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant       
   operations could be disclosed.                                               

Ice Cream, Regular (Hard) Production - States and United States:
December 2018 and 2019
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    :             :             :             :     Change from     
                    :  December   :  November   :  December   :---------------------
        State       :    2018     :    2019     :    2019     : December : November 
                    :             :             :             :   2018   :   2019   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    :   ---------- 1,000 gallons ---------       ---- percent ---   
                    :                                                               
California .........:    2,441         5,438         4,765        95.2      -12.4   
Connecticut ........:      792         1,190           752        -5.1      -36.8   
Missouri ...........:    1,946         2,237         1,424       -26.8      -36.3   
New York ...........:    2,189         2,107         2,087        -4.7       -0.9   
Ohio ...............:    1,960         1,862         1,764       -10.0       -5.3   
Oregon .............:    1,144         1,015         1,148         0.3       13.1   
Pennsylvania .......:    3,748         3,445         3,325       -11.3       -3.5   
Tennessee ..........:    1,426         1,705         1,569        10.0       -8.0   
Utah ...............:      893         1,570         1,201        34.5      -23.5   
                    :                                                               
Other States 1/ ....:   26,877        28,792        31,885        18.6       10.7   
                    :                                                               
United States ......:   43,855        49,361        49,920        13.8        1.1   
                    :                                                               
Atlantic ...........:   11,213        12,519        11,169        -0.4      -10.8   
Central ............:   26,017        26,441        29,101        11.9       10.1   
West ...............:    6,625        10,401         9,650        45.7       -7.2   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ States not shown when fewer than 3 plants reported or individual plant           
   operations could be disclosed.                                                   

West:	Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, 
New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.
Central:	Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, 
Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North 
Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin.
Atlantic:	Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, 
North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, West 
Virginia.

Statistical Methodology

Data Collection Period: Dairy products estimates are based upon survey data 
collected after the close of each month. Production data are provided by the 
firms producing dairy products.

Sampling frames and sample size: In 2018, there were 1,273 manufacturers that 
produced one or more dairy products. In states with small numbers of plants, 
reports are received from all plants each month. In states with large numbers 
of plants, survey procedures are designed to obtain monthly reports from all 
large plants and from a sample of small plants. In some states, the State 
Departments of Agriculture assist in collection of data, which eliminates 
duplicate reporting and reduces respondent burden.  

Modes of data collection: Data are collected by mail, personal and telephone 
interviews, facsimile, and via electronic mail.

Terms and definitions: Firms complete the questionnaire using standard 
industry definitions and through the aid of instructions and definitions 
provided on the questionnaire.

Reliability: Data for the Dairy Products report are collected by a Census of 
all known manufacturers of dairy products in the United States. Firms 
producing large quantities of dairy products, along with a sample of smaller 
firms, are contacted monthly to collect previous month production data. Those 
small firms not contacted monthly are contacted after the close of the year 
to obtain previous year production. Production of products at small firms not 
contacted monthly are estimated during the monthly survey based upon check 
data, and state and national trends. Small firms are defined as those that do 
not make up a significant portion of the published total. Plants storing 
nonfat dry milk and dry whey are required under Federal law as defined in 
Public Laws 106-532 and 107-171 to complete the Dairy Products report. Plants 
storing these items are contacted monthly. Additionally, many state 
governments have mandated that dairy plants in their state complete the Dairy 
Products report each month. Because the Dairy Products survey is a census, 
sampling error should not affect the final estimates, however non-sampling 
errors are possible.

Estimating Procedures: In the Regional Field Office (RFO), data reported by 
firms are reviewed for reasonableness and consistency by comparing with data 
reported in prior months and by data reported by other firms in the State. 
Each RFO summarizes data at the Individual State level. State estimates are 
submitted to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB) along with supporting 
comments where they are compared with surrounding states, their region, and 
national trends. During both RFO and ASB review, plants are sometimes 
contacted again for further verification of numbers reported. After ASB 
review, RFO data are summarized into a National level summary.    

Revision Policy: Monthly estimates are subject to revision the month 
following the preliminary estimates. Annual estimates are published in late 
April in the Dairy Products Yearly Summary report which includes any 
revisions made to previous 2 years of estimates. Revisions are generally due 
to plant data that are received too late to be included in the current 
report.

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock 
Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to 
nass@usda.gov.

Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 692-0069

Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ...........  (202) 690-2424
   Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632
   Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585
   Heidi Lanouette - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ..... (202) 720-3040
   Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278
   Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ............ (202) 720-4448
   Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. (202) 720-3106

Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following 
ways:

 	All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web 
site: www.nass.usda.gov

 	Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit 
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right 
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports 
you would like to receive.

 	Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and 
other agency's archived reports. The new website, 
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing 
reports will be sent from the new website, 
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via 
e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account 
and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an 
account or subscribe, they are located at: 
https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist 
notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to 
avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural 
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: 
nass@usda.gov. 
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against 
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, 
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, 
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial 
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's 
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic 
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded 
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs 
and/or employment activities.) 
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, 
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online 
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, 
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may 
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. 
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department 
of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, 
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at 
program.intake@usda.gov.