Turkeys National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 16, 1998, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Turkeys" call Jim Brewster at (202) 720-8784, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Turkeys Raised in 1997 Down 1 Percent Turkeys raised in the United States during 1997 totaled 301 million, down 1 percent from the 303 million turkeys raised during 1996. North Carolina ranked first in the number raised with 53.5 million, followed by Minnesota with 46.0 million; Arkansas with 30.0 million; Virginia with 25.0 million; Missouri with 22.0 million; California with 21.0 million; and Indiana with 14.2 million. These States accounted for 70 percent of the turkeys produced in the United States during 1997. Turkey Growers Plan 2 Percent Decrease in 1998 Turkey growers in the 20 major producing States intend to raise 2 percent less turkeys than in 1997. Intentions for the top 7 producing States compared with 1997 are as follows: North Carolina, down 3 percent; Minnesota, unchanged; Arkansas, down 3 percent; Virginia, down 2 percent; Missouri, down 9 percent; California, down 12 percent; and Indiana down 1 percent. The number of turkeys actually raised in 1998 may vary from growers' intentions shown in this report depending on feed costs, supply of hatching eggs, cost of poults, and prices growers receive for turkeys during the next few months. Turkeys: Number Raised in 1996 and 1997 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 1997 State :-------------------------------------------------: as % of : 1996 : 1997 : 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- Percent : AR : 28,000 30,000 107 CA : 22,500 21,000 93 CO : 4,800 3,900 81 CT : 8 5 63 GA : 550 175 32 IL : 3,300 3,500 106 IN : 14,000 14,200 101 IA : 8,000 7,000 88 KS : 1,750 1,900 109 MD 2/ : 360 510 142 MA : 80 81 101 MN : 43,500 46,000 106 MO : 22,000 22,000 100 NH : 15 15 100 NJ : 73 74 101 NY : 520 510 98 NC : 59,500 53,500 90 ND : 2,300 2,600 113 OH : 6,800 6,700 99 PA : 11,700 11,600 99 SC : 9,100 11,200 123 SD : 3,100 3,200 103 VT : 35 39 111 VA : 25,000 25,000 100 WV : 4,500 4,500 100 : Oth Sts 3/ : 31,217 31,411 101 : US : 302,708 300,620 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. 2/ Includes DE. 3/ MI, NE, OK, OR, TX, UT, and WI combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Turkeys: Death Loss by Geographic Division and United States, 1995-97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Young Turkeys Lost as a Percent of Geographic : Total Poults Placed Division :----------------------------------------------------- : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : E N Cent : 11 10 10 W N Cent : 11 10 11 N & S Atl : 10 10 11 S Cent : 12 11 10 West : 10 10 10 : US : 11.0 10.3 10.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Regional Listing: North Atlantic = CT, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT. E North Central = IL, IN, MI, OH, WI. W North Central = IA, KS, MN, MO, NE, ND, SD. South Atlantic = DE, FL, GA, MD, NC, SC, VA, WV. South Central = AL, AR, KY, LA, MS, OK, TN, TX. West = AK, AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY. Turkeys: Number Raised in 1997 and Intentions for 1998, Selected States and 20 State Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 1998 State :-------------------------------------------------: as % of : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- Percent : AR : 30,000 29,000 97 CA : 21,000 18,500 88 CO : 3,900 4,000 103 GA : 175 175 100 IN : 14,200 14,100 99 IA : 7,000 6,500 93 MN : 46,000 46,000 100 MO : 22,000 20,000 91 NC : 53,500 52,000 97 ND : 2,600 2,600 100 OH : 6,700 6,500 97 PA : 11,600 12,300 106 SC : 11,200 10,500 94 SD : 3,200 3,250 102 VA : 25,000 24,500 98 : Oth Sts 1/ : 2/ 2/ 97 : 20 State Total: 2/ 2/ 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ OK, OR, TX, UT, and WI combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2/ Other States and 20 State Total not published to avoid disclosing of individual operations. Turkeys Hatchery Production: Monthly Poult Placements, United States, 1995-97 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total All : Percent : Cumulative : Percent : Breeds : of : Total : of Month :--------------------: Previous :---------------------: Previous : 1995-96 : 1996-97 : Year : 1995-96 : 1996-97 : Year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 ----- Percent ------ 1,000 ----- Percent : Sep : 23,371 24,154 103 23,371 24,154 103 Oct : 25,158 25,354 101 48,529 49,508 102 Nov : 24,619 23,830 97 73,148 73,338 100 Dec : 25,269 27,119 107 98,417 100,457 102 Jan : 27,391 27,121 99 125,808 127,578 101 Feb : 27,596 27,145 98 153,404 154,723 101 Mar : 27,935 27,610 99 181,339 182,333 101 Apr : 29,742 28,220 95 211,081 210,553 100 May : 29,682 29,111 98 240,763 239,664 100 Jun : 27,998 28,381 101 268,761 268,045 100 Jul : 28,916 30,092 104 297,677 298,137 100 Aug : 27,496 26,321 96 325,173 324,458 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes exported poults. Turkeys Raised Estimates Survey Procedures: Survey data for the turkeys raised estimate are collected from a list of contractors and independent growers during December. States use all known sources of producer names to ensure that the list is as complete as possible. Turkey producers are then contacted either by mail, telephone, or in person. Diligent effort is made to ensure that all operations are accounted for in the estimate. Estimation Procedures: Turkeys raised estimates include young turkeys intended for meat production, as well as breeder turkeys which reached maturity during the calendar year. These estimates exclude turkeys lost to disease or those destroyed. Placements of turkey poults from the Monthly Turkey Hatchery Survey provide the basis for the preliminary estimates published in August. Final estimates, published in January, use indications from the December Growers Survey in addition to updated hatchery data. Other indications for the final estimates are obtained from monthly slaughter totals and check-off data provided by individual State turkey or poultry associations. Generally, individual State data are not published if there are less than three operations in a State, or if any one operation has 60 percent or more of the total turkeys in the State. These data are combined into the "Other States" category. Reliability: Turkeys raised estimates are based on a census of known active producers and, therefore, have no sampling variability. However, estimates may be subject to errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing of the data. These errors are minimized through strict quality controls in the edit and summarization process, and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Revision Policy: Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when preliminary raised estimates are made in August. Revisions are primarily based on updated hatchery and slaughter data, and at the U.S. level, are usually less than one-half of one percent of the final estimate published in January. Estimates are also reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. The next "Turkeys" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on August 26, 1998. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA, Washington, D.C., 20250, or call 1-800-245-6340 (voice) or 202-720-1127 (TDD). 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