United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Sp Sy 3 (98) Agricultural Cash Rents August 1998 Sp Sy 3 (8-98) 1998 Cash Rents Generally Higher Cash rents for agricultural cropland were mixed with most States showing increases while other States held at the same level or dropped slightly. Cropland cash rent estimates were made for 40 States. California again had the highest cash rent for irrigated land at $235 per acre. The major corn producing States of Iowa, Illinois, and Nebraska all had cropland rents exceeding $100 per acre. Western States showing Irrigated cropland over $100 per acre, included Arizona, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. States in the Corn Belt and Appalachian regions showed little to no change from last year with percentage changes that ranged from a 2.9 percent decrease to a 3.6 percent increase. Pasture cash rents for 1998 increased from the previous year for most of the 25 States estimated. Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Iowa had the highest pasture rents at $42, $37, and $35 respectively. States with the lowest cash rents included Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, Montana, and New Mexico all with rents under $8 per acre. Cropland Rented for Cash: Average Cash Rent per Acre, by State, 1994-98 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and Land Type : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Northeast: : New England 3/ : 31.50 35.20 30.70 4/ 4/ Delaware : 54.90 61.10 64.30 *60.00 58.00 Maryland : 41.40 44.70 48.00 51.30 55.00 New Jersey : 42.90 45.40 44.80 47.10 50.60 New York : 25.10 25.10 29.00 29.20 35.00 Pennsylvania : 37.70 38.80 38.50 41.00 40.00 : Lake States: : Michigan : 48.00 49.70 52.20 57.30 60.00 Minnesota : 66.00 70.10 73.80 75.60 77.40 Wisconsin : 48.70 46.20 48.50 55.00 60.00 : Corn Belt: : Illinois : 99.50 99.70 106.00 109.00 111.00 Indiana : 83.40 88.40 94.80 *97.30 98.00 Iowa : 98.60 99.60 105.00 110.00 113.00 Missouri : Non-Irrigated : 55.10 51.10 50.00 56.00 56.00 Ohio : 64.50 67.10 70.80 72.50 73.20 : Northern Plains: : Kansas : Irrigated : 4/ 4/ 66.30 69.00 67.00 Non-Irrigated : 32.60 35.50 32.70 34.50 35.50 Nebraska : Irrigated : 108.40 111.10 112.00 116.00 117.00 Non-Irrigated : 56.70 57.20 60.00 63.40 65.70 North Dakota : 32.90 33.10 34.00 35.00 35.00 South Dakota : Non-Irrigated : 30.00 30.20 31.90 35.00 36.50 : Appalachian: : Kentucky : 49.10 52.80 64.00 *70.00 65.00 North Carolina : 32.50 33.60 39.00 *42.00 43.00 Tennessee : 46.70 43.00 48.30 43.00 33.60 Virginia : 35.80 35.70 36.00 36.50 35.00 West Virginia : 31.00 30.00 32.00 32.00 31.00 : Southeast: : Alabama : 31.60 36.20 39.00 35.00 36.00 Florida : Non-Irrigated : 20.80 22.50 30.00 31.00 30.00 Georgia : Irrigated : 56.10 60.80 66.90 71.00 88.60 Non-Irrigated : 28.70 32.90 36.40 36.80 37.40 South Carolina : 23.90 23.50 23.80 24.00 23.00 : Delta States: : Arkansas : Irrigated : 68.10 58.70 4/ 73.00 80.00 Non-Irrigated : 46.90 48.40 48.80 53.00 55.00 Louisiana : Irrigated : 78.90 77.60 65.30 70.60 60.00 Non-Irrigated : 47.90 55.30 53.00 48.00 49.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cropland Rented for Cash: Average Cash Rent per Acre, by State, 1994-98 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and Land Type : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Continued - : Dollars : Mississippi : Irrigated : 59.90 70.00 70.00 71.20 67.30 Non-Irrigated : 44.30 41.60 45.00 *49.00 47.90 : Southern Plains: : Oklahoma : Non-Irrigated : 25.50 25.10 25.60 26.60 25.60 Texas : Irrigated : 58.50 53.80 53.00 50.00 51.00 Non-Irrigated : 17.60 17.00 *18.50 *17.50 20.00 : Mountain: : Arizona : Irrigated : 80.60 87.40 94.60 *112.00 134.00 Colorado : Irrigated : 4/ 4/ 4/ 4/ 86.00 Non-Irrigated : 4/ 4/ 4/ 4/ 22.60 Idaho : Irrigated : 99.50 112.30 113.00 *109.00 110.00 Non-Irrigated : 4/ 4/ 44.10 *44.10 45.00 Montana : Irrigated : 4/ 4/ 4/ 4/ 51.80 Non-Irrigated : 15.20 15.30 17.00 17.00 16.50 New Mexico : Irrigated : 77.70 88.00 4/ 4/ 4/ Utah : Irrigated : 51.40 50.90 60.00 *60.00 60.00 : Pacific: : California : Irrigated : 176.00 189.60 210.00 218.00 235.00 Oregon : Irrigated : 125.50 130.00 115.00 *110.00 110.00 Non-Irrigated : 59.10 66.00 65.80 *64.00 66.00 Washington : Irrigated : 127.90 137.80 138.00 *144.00 147.00 Non-Irrigated : 69.50 70.80 4/ 4/ 4/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised 1/ Estimates for 1996 and prior years previously published by the Economic Research Services, USDA. 2/ Unless otherwise specified as irrigated or non-irrigated, data are for all cropland. 3/ Includes: CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, and VT. 4/ Insufficient data. Pasture Rented for Cash: Average Cash Rent per Acre, by State, 1994-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and Land Type : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars : Northeast: : New England 2/ : 20.60 20.90 3/ 3/ 3/ Maryland : 33.50 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ New York : 14.70 14.50 14.50 15.20 3/ Pennsylvania : 20.70 29.80 37.00 37.60 37.00 : Lake States: : Michigan : 22.10 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ Minnesota : 16.20 16.50 16.00 *16.00 16.00 Wisconsin : 25.50 31.40 35.00 30.00 34.00 : Corn Belt: : Illinois : 31.00 27.65 29.40 *35.00 42.00 Indiana : 32.90 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ Iowa : 26.35 28.05 28.90 31.10 35.00 Missouri : 18.50 16.40 20.00 *19.00 18.00 Ohio : 25.50 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ : Northern Plains: : Kansas : 12.20 11.70 11.90 11.60 13.00 Nebraska : 10.20 9.20 10.00 10.40 10.70 North Dakota : 8.30 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 South Dakota : 9.70 8.50 9.10 9.20 9.70 : Appalachian: : North Carolina : 16.90 17.00 22.30 23.00 23.00 Tennessee : 15.20 14.30 13.50 16.00 18.00 Virginia : 14.80 14.00 15.00 16.00 15.50 West Virginia : 17.00 14.00 3/ 3/ 3/ : Southeast: : Alabama : 13.10 12.50 15.80 16.50 15.50 Florida : 17.00 19.50 17.40 *15.50 17.50 Georgia : 20.00 19.20 23.20 *21.70 20.60 South Carolina : 3/ 16.11 3/ 3/ 3/ : Delta States: : Arkansas : 20.90 15.60 3/ 3/ 3/ Louisiana : 13.00 12.60 12.60 13.00 16.00 Mississippi : 15.90 13.00 15.60 16.40 14.50 : Southern Plains: : Oklahoma : 9.40 9.20 8.00 8.10 7.80 Texas : 5.00 4.80 5.40 5.60 6.60 : Mountain: : Colorado : 11.50 3/ 3/ 3/ 5.00 Idaho : 28.20 29.30 3/ 3/ 3/ Montana : 5.50 5.10 *5.00 *5.00 4.00 New Mexico : 1.60 1.80 3/ 1.30 1.50 Utah : 16.30 13.70 3/ 3/ 10.00 Wyoming : 3.10 3.50 3/ 3/ 3/ : Pacific: : California : 26.90 39.30 3/ 3/ 18.00 Oregon : 21.50 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Estimates for 1996 and prior years previously published by the Economic Research Services, USDA. 2/ Includes: CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, and VT. 3/ Insufficient reports to publish data. Reliability of Data in this Report Survey Procedures: The cash rent estimates in this report are based primarily on the June Agriculture Survey conducted during the first 2 weeks of June. This survey is based on a probability area frame with a sample of approximately 10,800 segments or parcels of land which average approximately 1 square mile. Enumerators conducting the area survey contact all farmers having operations within the sampled segments and collect cash rents for their operation. From these data, estimates are calculated. Estimating Procedures: State cash rent data were reviewed for reasonability and consistency. Each State Statistical Office submits their pasture and cropland cash rent analyses to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB) which conduct a national review and prepares the crop or grazing year cash rent estimates for publication. Estimates were not set for States with insufficient reports to accurately reflect current year rents. Revision Policy: Cash Rents are subject to revision the following year and following the five-year Census of Agriculture. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. Reliability: The survey used to make cash rent estimates are subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are common to all surveys. Both types affect the "precision" of the estimates. Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The sampling error measures the variation in estimates from the average of all possible samples. Sampling errors cannot be applied directly to the values published in this report to determine confidence intervals since the official estimates represent a composite of information from more than a single source. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean that chances are 19 out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples averaged together would be between 98 and 102; which is the survey estimate, plus or minus two times the sampling error. The 1998 cash rent sampling errors for estimated States, ranged from 1 percent to 20 percent for cropland rents and from 3 percent to 35 percent for pasture rents. Nonsampling errors can occur in complete censuses as well as sample surveys. They are caused by the inability to obtain correct information from each person sampled, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, and mistakes in coding or processing data. To minimize non-sampling errors, vigorous quality controls are used in the data collection process and all data are carefully reviewed for consistency and reasonability. Released August 25, 1998, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 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