Mushrooms ISSN: 1949-1530 Released August 21, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). All Mushroom Value of Sales at $1.13 Billion Volume of sales of the 2018-2019 United States mushroom crop totaled 846 million pounds, down 8 percent from last season's number. Value of sales for the 2018-2019 United States mushroom crop was $1.13 billion, down 8 percent from the previous season. The average reported price was $1.34 per pound, unchanged from the previous year's price. Agaricus and Specialty Mushroom Number of Growers, Sales, Price, and Value - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All sales : :-------------------------------------------------- Year : Growers 1/ : Volume of : Price per : Value of : : sales : pound 2/ : sales ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number 1,000 pounds dollars 1,000 dollars : 2016-2017 .....: 317 933,355 1.310 1,226,127 2017-2018 .....: 307 917,235 1.340 1,233,582 2018-2019 3/ ..: (NA) 846,491 1.340 1,131,564 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of growers counted once if growing both Agaricus and specialty mushrooms. Estimates discontinued in 2018-2019. 2/ Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale, commonly referred to as the average price as sold. For example, if in a given State, part of the fresh mushrooms are sold F.O.B. packed by growers, part are sold bulk to brokers or repackers, and some are sold retail at roadside stands, the mushroom average price as sold is a weighted average of the average price for each method of sale. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. This page intentionally left blank. Contents Agaricus Mushroom Number of Growers, Area in Production, and Yield - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019....................................................................................... 4 Agaricus Mushroom Sales, Dollar Volume per Square Foot of Growing Area, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019............................................................. 4 Agaricus Mushroom Fresh market Sales, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019.................................................................................................. 5 Agaricus Mushroom Processing Sales, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019.................................................................................................. 5 Brown Mushrooms (Portabello and Crimini) Number of Growers, Sales, and Value - Regions and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019............................................................................ 6 Agaricus Mushroom Growing Area Intended for Production by Utilization - States and United States: July 2019-June 2020............................................................................................ 6 Agaricus Mushroom Number of Growers by Sales Category - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019.................................................................................................. 6 Specialty Mushroom Number of Growers and Area in Production by Variety - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019....................................................................................... 7 Specialty Mushroom Total Production, Volume of Sales, Price, and Value of Sales by Variety - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019............................................................................ 7 Mushroom Comments.............................................................................................. 8 Regional Mushroom Producing States Listing..................................................................... 8 Statistical Methodology........................................................................................ 9 Information Contacts........................................................................................... 9 Agaricus Mushroom Number of Growers, Area in Production, and Yield - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area in production : : : : :-----------------------------------------------------------: : : State : Growers 1/ : Growing : Total : Yield per : : area : filings : square foot -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- Number ------- ------------------- 1,000 square feet ------------------- --------- pounds -------- : California .........: 11 13 (NA) 3,053 2,862 2,306 17,724 17,399 14,858 5.74 5.48 6.27 Pennsylvania .......: 56 53 (NA) 17,367 17,324 17,727 83,409 84,374 76,829 6.87 6.78 7.25 : Other States 2/ ....: 31 29 (NA) 6,693 6,283 4,492 42,364 38,790 28,014 5.47 5.77 6.33 : United States 3/ ...: 98 95 (NA) 27,113 26,469 24,525 143,497 140,563 119,701 6.32 6.34 6.91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2018-2019. 2/ Other States include data for States not listed in the table above. Beginning in 2018-2019 Other States include Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushroom Sales, Dollar Volume per Square Foot of Growing Area, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Volume : Dollar volume : Price : Value State : of : per : per : of : sales : square foot : pound 1/ : sales ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- :2016- :2017- :2018- :2016- :2017- :2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :------ 1,000 pounds ----- ---------------- dollar ---------------- --------- 1,000 dollars --------- : California .........:101,681 95,324 93,153 11.38 11.25 13.16 1.980 2.050 2.100 201,702 195,731 195,462 Pennsylvania .......:573,268 572,223 556,637 6.60 6.78 7.25 0.960 1.000 1.000 550,600 572,179 557,064 : Other States 2/ ....:231,644 223,684 177,223 8.75 9.28 11.15 1.600 1.610 1.760 370,519 359,976 312,239 : United States 3/ ...:906,593 891,231 827,013 7.82 8.02 8.90 1.240 1.270 1.290 1,122,821 1,127,886 1,064,765 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale, commonly referred to as the average price as sold. For example, if in a given State, part of the fresh mushrooms are sold F.O.B. packed by growers, part are sold bulk to brokers or repackers, and some are sold retail at roadside stands, the mushroom average price as sold is a weighted average of the average price for each method of sale. 2/ Other States include data for States not listed in the table above. Beginning in 2018-2019 Other States include Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushroom Fresh market Sales, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Volume : Price : Value State : of : per : of : sales : pound 1/ : sales -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 pounds ------ --------- dollars -------- --------- 1,000 dollars --------- : California .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .......: 503,997 510,240 500,136 1.010 1.040 1.040 509,037 530,650 519,950 : Other States 2/ ....: 307,624 302,812 262,378 1.790 1.780 1.910 551,244 539,666 500,490 : United States 3/ ...: 811,621 813,052 762,514 1.310 1.320 1.340 1,060,281 1,070,316 1,020,440 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale, commonly referred to as the average price as sold. For example, if in a given State, part of the fresh mushrooms are sold F.O.B. packed by growers, part are sold bulk to brokers or repackers, and some are sold retail at roadside stands, the mushroom average price as sold is a weighted average of the average price for each method of sale. 2/ Other States include data for States not listed in the table above. Beginning in 2018-2019 Other States include data withheld above and Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushroom Processing Sales, Price, and Value - States and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Volume : Price : Value State : of : per : of : sales : pound 1/ : sales -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 pounds ------ --------- dollar --------- -------- 1,000 dollars ------- : California .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .......: 69,271 61,983 56,501 0.600 0.670 0.657 41,563 41,529 37,114 : Other States 2/ ....: 25,701 16,196 7,998 0.816 0.990 0.902 20,977 16,041 7,211 : United States 3/ ...: 94,972 78,179 64,499 0.659 0.736 0.687 62,540 57,570 44,325 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale, commonly referred to as the average price as sold. For example, if in a given State, part of the fresh mushrooms are sold F.O.B. packed by growers, part are sold bulk to brokers or repackers, and some are sold retail at roadside stands, the mushroom average price as sold is a weighted average of the average price for each method of sale. 2/ Other States include data for States not listed in the table above. Beginning in 2018-2019 Other States include data withheld above and Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Brown Mushrooms (Portabello and Crimini) Number of Growers, Sales, and Value - Regions and United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 [Brown mushrooms are part of Agaricus mushrooms] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : Number of growers 1/ : Volume of sales : Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- number ------- ------- 1,000 pounds ------ ------ 1,000 dollars ------ : East 1/ ............: 30 29 (NA) 128,433 140,209 (NA) 154,753 169,153 (NA) Central 1/ .........: 8 8 (NA) 16,304 17,887 (NA) 37,987 42,037 (NA) West 1/ ............: 15 14 (NA) 34,257 29,028 (NA) 83,071 72,905 (NA) : United States 2/ ...: 53 51 (NA) 178,994 187,124 185,016 275,811 284,095 287,038 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2018-2019. 2/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushroom Growing Area Intended for Production by Utilization - States and United States: July 2019-June 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Intentions July 2019 - June 2020 State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : Fresh : Processed : Total : Percent of : market : market : fillings : last year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 square feet ----------- percent : California ...........: (D) (D) 14,857 100 Pennsylvania .........: (D) (D) 76,587 100 : Other States 1/ ......: 117,505 3,038 29,099 104 : United States 2/ .....: 117,505 3,038 120,543 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Other States include data withheld above and Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushroom Number of Growers by Sales Category - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of growers Sales categories :-------------------------------------------------- (million pounds) : 2016-2017 : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Over 20.0 ...............: 10 11 (NA) 10.0 - 19.9 .............: 17 18 (NA) 5.0 - 9.9 ...............: 23 21 (NA) 2.5 - 4.9 ...............: 12 13 (NA) 1.0 - 2.4 ...............: 13 14 (NA) 0.5 - 1.0 ...............: 6 3 (NA) Less than 0.5 ...........: 17 15 (NA) : Total ...................: 98 95 (NA) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2018-2019. Specialty Mushroom Number of Growers and Area in Production by Variety - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 [Specialty mushroom estimates represent growers who have at least 200 natural wood logs in production or some commercial indoor growing area, and $200 in sales] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area in production : :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Variety : Growers 1/ : Natural : Natural wood : All other : : wood outdoor : undercover and : production : : logs : indoor logs : media -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019:2016-2017:2017-2018:2018-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- Number ------- --------------------- 1,000 logs --------------------- --- 1,000 square feet --- : Shiitake 2/ ........: 185 185 (NA) 142 152 42 441 432 2,383 1,671 1,915 407 Oyster .............: 128 116 (NA) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) 1,191 1,182 515 : Other ..............: 59 64 (NA) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) 450 496 295 : Total 3/ ...........: 232 229 (NA) 142 152 42 441 432 2,383 3,312 3,593 1,217 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Growers counted only once for United States total if growing more than one specialty type mushroom. Growers growing Agaricus and specialty mushrooms are included. Estimates discontinued in 2018-2019. 2/ Includes small quantity of logs producing Oyster and Other mushrooms. These logs are not published separately to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Specialty Mushroom Total Production, Volume of Sales, Price, and Value of Sales by Variety - United States: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 [Specialty mushroom estimates represent growers who have at least 200 natural wood logs in production or some commercial indoor growing area, and $200 in sales] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : All sales : Total :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Variety : production 1/ : Volume of : Price per : Value of : : : sales 2/ : pound 3/ : sales -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- :2016- :2017- :2018- : 2016- : 2017- : 2018- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- 1,000 pounds ------------------ ----- dollar ----- ------- 1,000 dollars ------- : Shiitake ...........: 11,025 10,429 6,987 10,806 10,112 6,727 3.91 4.44 3.21 42,301 44,883 21,563 Oyster .............: 11,394 11,268 9,164 11,087 10,842 8,847 3.12 3.13 3.09 34,542 33,890 27,314 : Other ..............: 5,233 5,690 3,968 4,869 5,050 3,904 5.43 5.33 4.59 26,463 26,923 17,922 : Total 4/ ...........: 27,652 27,387 20,119 26,762 26,004 19,478 3.86 4.06 3.43 103,306 105,696 66,799 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Total production includes all fresh market and processing sales plus amount harvested but not sold (shrinkage, cullage, dumped, etc.). 2/ Virtually all specialty mushroom sales are for fresh market. 3/ Prices for mushrooms are the average prices producers receive at the point of first sale, commonly referred to as the average price as sold. For example, if in a given State, part of the fresh mushrooms are sold F.O.B. packed by growers, part are sold bulk to brokers or repackers, and some are sold retail at roadside stands, the mushroom average price as sold is a weighted average of the average price for each method of sale. 4/ Beginning in 2018-2019, Includes California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Agaricus Mushrooms Agaricus mushroom volume of sales totaled 827 million pounds, down 7 percent from the 2017-2018 season. Pennsylvania accounted for 67 percent of the total volume of sales and second-ranked California contributed 11 percent. The value of the Agaricus crop was estimated at $1.06 billion dollars, down 6 percent from a year ago. Brown mushrooms, including Portabello and Crimini varieties, accounted for 185 million pounds, down 1 percent from last season. Brown mushrooms accounted for 22 percent of the total Agaricus volume sold and 27 percent of the total Agaricus value. United States fresh market sales of Agaricus mushrooms totaled 763 million pounds, down 6 percent from the previous season, while processed sales, at 64.5 million pounds, decreased 17 percent from the previous season. Growers reported United States fresh market production made up 92 percent of total sales volume, while processed production represented the remaining 8 percent. Grower total filling intentions for the 2019-2020 crop are 121 million square feet, up 1 percent from the total fillings in the 2018-2019 season. Agaricus mushroom growers in Chester County, Pennsylvania produced 397 million pounds, a decrease of 3 percent compared with the 2017-2018 growing season. This production was valued at 397 million dollars, down 2 percent from the previous season. The growing area in Chester County was 14.0 million square feet, up 4 percent from last season. Total fillings were 56.1 million square feet, down 11 percent from the 2017-2018 growing season. Specialty Mushrooms - Shiitake, Oyster, and all Other Exotics Value of sales for commercially grown specialty mushrooms in 2018-2019 totaled $66.8 million, down 37 percent from the 2017-2018 season. A specialty grower is defined as having at least 200 natural wood logs in production or some commercial indoor growing area, and $200 or more in sales. The average price received by growers, at $3.43 per pound, was down 63 cents from the revised previous season estimate. Certified Organic Agaricus and Specialty Mushrooms Growers produced 104 million pounds of mushrooms that were certified organic during the 2018-2019 growing season, 19 percent below 2017-2018. Seventy-two percent of the total, or 75.5 million pounds, were sold as certified organic mushrooms. Agaricus mushrooms accounted for 88 percent of the mushrooms sold as certified organic, while all specialty mushrooms made up the remainder. The total certified organic volume of sales of all mushrooms represented 9 percent of the 2018-2019 total mushroom volume of sales. Regional Mushroom Producing States Listing Regional Agaricus Mushroom Producing States East: Delaware, Florida, Maryland, New Jersey New York, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. Central: Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wisconsin. West: California, Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Statistical Methodology Survey procedures: Grower surveys are conducted in preparation for this report. All known commercial mushroom producers are contacted utilizing mail, telephone, and personal enumeration. Unless other specific arrangements are made, data collection for multi-State operations is conducted by the State in which the firm's headquarters is located. Information is collected for Agaricus (including White Button, Crimini, and Portabello) and specialty mushrooms. Estimating procedures: Information obtained from the mushroom grower surveys is used to establish estimates of area in production, yield per square foot, utilization, volume of sales, average price per pound, and value of sales. Estimates are also prepared for the total amount of mushrooms grown as certified organic and quantity sold from mushrooms certified as organically produced. Revision policy: All mushroom estimates, except intentions, are subject to revision the following year based on a thorough review of all available data. Reliability: The mushrooms grower surveys are subject to non-sampling errors, such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................... (202) 720-2127 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section.................. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates- Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.................................................. (202) 720-4288 Vincent Davis - Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................... (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................ (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons -Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries.................................................. (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons .. (202) 720-3250 Fleming Gibson - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans............................ 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