Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released September 27, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 3 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2019 was 77.7 million head. This was up 3 percent from September 1, 2018, and up 3 percent from June 1, 2019. This is the highest September 1 inventory of all hogs and pigs since the estimates began in 1988. Breeding inventory, at 6.43 million head, was up 2 percent from last year, and up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 71.2 million head, was up 4 percent from last year, and up 3 percent from last quarter. This is the highest September 1 market hog inventory the estimates began in 1988. The June-August 2019 pig crop, at 35.3 million head, was up 3 percent from 2018. This is the largest June-August pig crop since estimates began in 1970. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.18 million head, down 1 percent from 2018. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 50 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was a record high of 11.11 for the June-August period, compared to 10.72 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.16 million sows farrow during the September-November 2019 quarter, down 1 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period in 2018, but up 2 percent from 2017. Intended farrowings for December 2019-February 2020, at 3.11 million sows, are down slightly from 2019, but up 2 percent from 2018. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 48 percent of the total United States hog inventory, unchanged from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2018 through June 2019 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the June 2019 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.2 percent. The net revision made to the March 2019 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.1 percent. A net revision of 1.0 percent was made to the December 2018-February 2019 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on September 27, 2019. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Warren P. Preston Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2018 and 2019.............. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2017-2020................................ 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2018 and 2019.. 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019................ 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019..................... 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019................. 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019...................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019............ 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019................. 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018............. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018.................. 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2018-2020... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2018 and 2019....... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2018 and 2019..... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2017-2019.. 11 Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates.................................................................. 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 13 Information Contacts.................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2019 as Item : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : of 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory ......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 72,748 75,086 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,210 6,349 102 Market .............................: 66,538 68,738 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,942 21,466 103 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,212 19,289 106 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,996 15,058 100 180 pounds and over ................: 12,387 12,925 104 : June 1 inventory .......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 72,866 75,700 104 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,320 6,410 101 Market .............................: 66,546 69,291 104 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,327 22,019 103 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,083 19,606 103 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,988 14,517 104 180 pounds and over ................: 12,147 13,149 108 : September 1 inventory ..................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 75,136 77,678 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,330 6,431 102 Market .............................: 68,806 71,248 104 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,192 22,616 102 50-119 pounds ......................: 20,357 20,849 102 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,066 14,814 105 180 pounds and over ................: 12,190 12,969 106 : December 1 inventory ...................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,915 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,326 Market .............................: 68,590 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,599 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,297 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,412 180 pounds and over ................: 13,282 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2017-2020 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2019 as percent of : 2020 as Item : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 :-------------------------: percent : : : : : 2017 : 2018 : of 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February 2/ ...: 2,990 3,034 3,114 3,110 104 103 100 March-May ..............: 3,018 3,100 3,108 103 100 December-May 1/ ........: 6,007 6,134 6,222 104 101 : June-August ............: 3,106 3,200 3,179 102 99 September-November 3/ ..: 3,103 3,174 3,155 102 99 June-November 1/ 4/ ....: 6,209 6,374 6,334 102 99 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 31,187 32,101 33,327 107 104 March-May ..............: 31,839 32,942 34,177 107 104 December-May 1/ ........: 63,025 65,042 67,504 107 104 : June-August ............: 33,075 34,320 35,306 107 103 September-November .....: 33,328 34,154 June-November 1/ .......: 66,402 68,475 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 10.43 10.58 10.70 103 101 March-May ..............: 10.55 10.63 11.00 104 103 December-May ...........: 10.49 10.60 10.85 103 102 : June-August ............: 10.65 10.72 11.11 104 104 September-November .....: 10.74 10.76 June-November ..........: 10.69 10.74 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2020. 3/ Intentions for 2019. 4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2018 and 2019 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,026 1,046 10.62 10.72 10,894 11,209 January ........: 1,016 1,042 10.49 10.68 10,661 11,125 February .......: 992 1,027 10.63 10.71 10,546 10,993 March ..........: 1,062 1,066 10.59 10.85 11,245 11,568 April ..........: 1,013 1,019 10.52 11.01 10,658 11,219 May ............: 1,025 1,023 10.77 11.13 11,038 11,390 June ...........: 1,085 1,083 10.62 11.02 11,523 11,935 July ...........: 1,054 1,054 10.65 11.10 11,229 11,696 August .........: 1,062 1,042 10.90 11.20 11,569 11,676 September ......: 1,093 10.65 11,636 October ........: 1,047 10.84 11,347 November .......: 1,034 10.80 11,171 : Total ..........: 12,508 10.67 133,517 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 625 645 103 780 800 103 Illinois ........: 550 560 102 4,750 4,690 99 5,300 5,250 99 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 3,790 3,940 104 4,050 4,200 104 Iowa ............: 1,020 1,030 101 21,580 22,670 105 22,600 23,700 105 Kansas ..........: 160 170 106 1,900 1,880 99 2,060 2,050 100 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,080 1,120 104 1,200 1,240 103 Minnesota .......: 570 580 102 7,930 8,220 104 8,500 8,800 104 Missouri ........: 455 470 103 2,995 3,080 103 3,450 3,550 103 Nebraska ........: 420 450 107 3,030 3,150 104 3,450 3,600 104 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,000 8,100 101 8,900 9,000 101 : Ohio ............: 190 190 100 2,460 2,460 100 2,650 2,650 100 Oklahoma ........: 445 450 101 1,725 1,730 100 2,170 2,180 100 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,100 1,150 105 1,210 1,270 105 South Dakota ....: 235 245 104 1,425 1,605 113 1,660 1,850 111 Texas ...........: 145 150 103 975 950 97 1,120 1,100 98 Utah ............: 75 80 107 430 670 156 505 750 149 : Other States 1/ .: 400 419 105 2,743 2,678 98 3,143 3,096 99 : United States ...: 6,210 6,349 102 66,538 68,738 103 72,748 75,086 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 285 290 120 135 105 105 115 115 Illinois ........: 1,465 1,415 1,465 1,555 980 1,000 840 720 Indiana .........: 965 1,040 1,140 1,100 860 920 825 880 Iowa ............: 5,490 5,510 6,670 7,510 5,460 5,630 3,960 4,020 Kansas ..........: 405 480 540 440 410 395 545 565 Michigan ........: 320 330 265 300 245 225 250 265 Minnesota .......: 2,630 2,590 2,360 2,400 1,790 1,860 1,150 1,370 Missouri ........: 1,455 1,555 560 560 530 505 450 460 Nebraska ........: 1,040 1,060 775 880 670 690 545 520 North Carolina ..: 3,240 3,190 1,720 1,700 1,710 1,590 1,330 1,620 : Ohio ............: 680 720 610 640 600 520 570 580 Oklahoma ........: 735 800 335 360 260 210 395 360 Pennsylvania ....: 290 315 305 325 270 245 235 265 South Dakota ....: 510 590 370 390 280 320 265 305 Texas ...........: 270 275 270 260 185 180 250 235 Utah ............: 155 295 90 120 95 130 90 125 : Other States 1/ .: 1,007 1,011 617 614 546 533 572 520 : United States ...: 20,942 21,466 18,212 19,289 14,996 15,058 12,387 12,925 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 160 103 605 620 102 760 780 103 Illinois ........: 570 590 104 4,780 4,710 99 5,350 5,300 99 Indiana .........: 250 260 104 3,700 3,990 108 3,950 4,250 108 Iowa ............: 1,040 1,000 96 21,560 22,800 106 22,600 23,800 105 Kansas ..........: 165 175 106 1,875 1,845 98 2,040 2,020 99 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,080 1,130 105 1,200 1,250 104 Minnesota .......: 580 570 98 7,920 8,130 103 8,500 8,700 102 Missouri ........: 460 480 104 3,040 3,120 103 3,500 3,600 103 Nebraska ........: 430 460 107 3,070 3,240 106 3,500 3,700 106 North Carolina ..: 910 900 99 7,990 8,300 104 8,900 9,200 103 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,460 2,550 104 2,650 2,750 104 Oklahoma ........: 460 445 97 1,690 1,715 101 2,150 2,160 100 Pennsylvania ....: 120 120 100 1,170 1,100 94 1,290 1,220 95 South Dakota ....: 240 265 110 1,440 1,605 111 1,680 1,870 111 Texas ...........: 145 155 107 995 935 94 1,140 1,090 96 Utah ............: 80 80 100 450 750 167 530 830 157 : Other States 1/ .: 405 430 106 2,721 2,751 101 3,126 3,180 102 : United States ...: 6,320 6,410 101 66,546 69,291 104 72,866 75,700 104 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 290 295 120 130 95 100 100 95 Illinois ........: 1,550 1,435 1,460 1,500 930 950 840 825 Indiana .........: 940 1,060 1,150 1,150 780 840 830 940 Iowa ............: 5,560 5,850 7,080 7,450 5,200 5,450 3,720 4,050 Kansas ..........: 420 460 515 490 375 385 565 510 Michigan ........: 310 320 290 320 220 230 260 260 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,570 2,430 2,530 1,760 1,740 1,120 1,290 Missouri ........: 1,505 1,540 590 530 475 525 470 525 Nebraska ........: 1,050 1,100 840 860 600 630 580 650 North Carolina ..: 3,370 3,370 1,840 1,830 1,450 1,500 1,330 1,600 : Ohio ............: 670 730 630 660 580 590 580 570 Oklahoma ........: 785 800 400 365 215 220 290 330 Pennsylvania ....: 310 305 355 345 250 235 255 215 South Dakota ....: 510 580 380 430 270 290 280 305 Texas ...........: 300 285 275 235 165 145 255 270 Utah ............: 175 325 90 150 90 140 95 135 : Other States 1/ .: 972 994 638 631 533 547 577 579 : United States ...: 21,327 22,019 19,083 19,606 13,988 14,517 12,147 13,149 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 160 103 625 620 99 780 780 100 Illinois ........: 570 590 104 4,880 4,710 97 5,450 5,300 97 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 3,950 4,050 103 4,200 4,300 102 Iowa ............: 1,040 1,010 97 22,560 23,890 106 23,600 24,900 106 Kansas ..........: 170 175 103 1,860 1,905 102 2,030 2,080 102 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,100 1,120 102 1,220 1,240 102 Minnesota .......: 580 580 100 8,020 8,420 105 8,600 9,000 105 Missouri ........: 465 490 105 3,285 3,110 95 3,750 3,600 96 Nebraska ........: 430 450 105 3,020 3,300 109 3,450 3,750 109 North Carolina ..: 910 900 99 8,390 8,600 103 9,300 9,500 102 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,360 2,540 108 2,550 2,740 107 Oklahoma ........: 460 460 100 1,820 1,780 98 2,280 2,240 98 Pennsylvania ....: 120 120 100 1,190 1,130 95 1,310 1,250 95 South Dakota ....: 245 265 108 1,475 1,735 118 1,720 2,000 116 Texas ...........: 145 155 107 985 1,035 105 1,130 1,190 105 Utah ............: 80 80 100 525 880 168 605 960 159 : Other States 1/ .: 400 426 106 2,761 2,423 88 3,161 2,848 90 : United States ...: 6,330 6,431 102 68,806 71,248 104 75,136 77,678 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 305 295 150 120 95 100 75 105 Illinois ........: 1,570 1,390 1,580 1,570 890 900 840 850 Indiana .........: 990 1,040 1,240 1,200 870 860 850 950 Iowa ............: 5,900 6,210 7,750 7,930 5,210 5,610 3,700 4,140 Kansas ..........: 445 480 530 500 385 375 500 550 Michigan ........: 330 300 290 300 220 240 260 280 Minnesota .......: 2,720 2,830 2,530 2,750 1,700 1,730 1,070 1,110 Missouri ........: 1,605 1,480 640 590 530 545 510 495 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,140 865 890 570 670 575 600 North Carolina ..: 3,450 3,360 2,000 2,120 1,520 1,590 1,420 1,530 : Ohio ............: 650 730 640 690 500 540 570 580 Oklahoma ........: 845 795 385 455 230 230 360 300 Pennsylvania ....: 325 305 340 325 270 270 255 230 South Dakota ....: 520 645 405 440 275 310 275 340 Texas ...........: 310 335 275 280 150 190 250 230 Utah ............: 220 355 105 175 105 175 95 175 : Other States 1/ .: 997 926 632 514 546 479 585 504 : United States ...: 22,192 22,616 20,357 20,849 14,066 14,814 12,190 12,969 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 150 155 103 600 595 99 750 750 100 Illinois ........: 530 560 106 4,870 4,790 98 5,400 5,350 99 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 3,740 3,940 105 4,000 4,200 105 Iowa ............: 1,000 1,020 102 21,800 22,480 103 22,800 23,500 103 Kansas ..........: 165 170 103 1,945 1,870 96 2,110 2,040 97 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,070 1,050 98 1,190 1,170 98 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 7,930 8,430 106 8,500 9,000 106 Missouri ........: 450 470 104 2,950 3,130 106 3,400 3,600 106 Nebraska ........: 430 440 102 3,170 3,060 97 3,600 3,500 97 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,100 8,200 101 9,000 9,100 101 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,510 2,350 94 2,700 2,550 94 Oklahoma ........: 460 445 97 1,740 1,745 100 2,200 2,190 100 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,130 1,190 105 1,240 1,310 106 South Dakota ....: 215 255 119 1,345 1,485 110 1,560 1,740 112 Texas ...........: 140 150 107 910 960 105 1,050 1,110 106 Utah ............: 80 80 100 470 630 134 550 710 129 : Other States 1/ .: 409 411 100 2,686 2,685 100 3,095 3,095 100 : United States ...: 6,179 6,326 102 66,966 68,590 102 73,145 74,915 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 255 270 130 125 115 85 100 115 Illinois ........: 1,550 1,530 1,480 1,500 920 910 920 850 Indiana .........: 980 1,010 1,040 1,200 775 820 945 910 Iowa ............: 5,800 5,600 6,870 7,400 5,080 5,260 4,050 4,220 Kansas ..........: 475 445 520 515 425 380 525 530 Michigan ........: 330 310 240 280 245 210 255 250 Minnesota .......: 2,720 2,830 2,350 2,460 1,600 1,830 1,260 1,310 Missouri ........: 1,450 1,600 560 550 445 510 495 470 Nebraska ........: 1,030 1,030 840 790 640 610 660 630 North Carolina ..: 3,190 3,190 1,790 1,780 1,570 1,600 1,550 1,630 : Ohio ............: 740 670 660 610 560 520 550 550 Oklahoma ........: 735 745 430 390 230 280 345 330 Pennsylvania ....: 305 335 335 335 250 265 240 255 South Dakota ....: 460 565 365 365 270 285 250 270 Texas ...........: 240 270 240 260 180 170 250 260 Utah ............: 185 240 85 125 100 135 100 130 : Other States 1/ .: 962 959 609 612 520 542 594 572 : United States ...: 21,407 21,599 18,544 19,297 13,925 14,412 13,089 13,282 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2018-2020 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2019 as State : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 2/ : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 72 78 79 101 9.70 9.20 698 718 103 Illinois ...........: 260 270 270 100 10.60 10.65 2,756 2,876 104 Indiana ............: 130 125 115 92 10.45 10.20 1,359 1,275 94 Iowa ...............: 550 530 520 98 11.00 11.20 6,050 5,936 98 Kansas .............: 79 86 88 102 10.20 10.60 806 912 113 Michigan ...........: 53 56 50 89 10.70 10.90 567 610 108 Minnesota ..........: 295 300 270 90 11.20 11.60 3,304 3,480 105 Missouri ...........: 225 245 250 102 10.15 10.55 2,284 2,585 113 Nebraska ...........: 180 185 200 108 11.70 11.55 2,106 2,137 101 North Carolina .....: 445 455 465 102 9.90 9.90 4,406 4,505 102 : Ohio ...............: 91 93 100 108 10.80 10.70 983 995 101 Oklahoma ...........: 200 205 210 102 10.60 10.65 2,120 2,183 103 Pennsylvania .......: 48 55 49 89 10.60 10.80 509 594 117 South Dakota .......: 113 119 123 103 11.45 11.85 1,294 1,410 109 Texas ..............: 60 66 70 106 9.90 10.20 594 673 113 Utah ...............: 36 40 43 108 7.70 9.20 277 368 133 : Other States 3/ ....: 197 206 208 101 10.08 10.05 1,988 2,070 104 : United States ......: 3,034 3,114 3,110 100 10.58 10.70 32,101 33,327 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2018-2019 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2019 as : 2018 : 2019 : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 75 78 104 9.60 10.70 720 835 116 Illinois ...........: 275 270 98 10.70 10.75 2,943 2,903 99 Indiana ............: 115 115 100 10.30 10.70 1,185 1,231 104 Iowa ...............: 560 520 93 11.10 11.45 6,216 5,954 96 Kansas .............: 76 86 113 10.10 10.70 768 920 120 Michigan ...........: 53 54 102 10.90 11.00 578 594 103 Minnesota ..........: 310 285 92 11.20 11.85 3,472 3,377 97 Missouri ...........: 240 240 100 10.20 10.65 2,448 2,556 104 Nebraska ...........: 190 195 103 11.30 11.50 2,147 2,243 104 North Carolina .....: 455 460 101 10.10 10.50 4,596 4,830 105 : Ohio ...............: 88 98 111 11.00 11.20 968 1,098 113 Oklahoma ...........: 205 215 105 10.70 10.55 2,194 2,268 103 Pennsylvania .......: 50 54 108 10.50 11.10 525 599 114 South Dakota .......: 110 123 112 11.70 11.95 1,287 1,470 114 Texas ..............: 64 66 103 9.80 10.50 627 693 111 Utah ...............: 34 43 126 7.60 10.70 258 460 178 : Other States 2/ ....: 200 206 103 10.06 10.41 2,010 2,146 107 : United States ......: 3,100 3,108 100 10.63 11.00 32,942 34,177 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2019 as State : 2018 : 2019 : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 80 78 98 9.50 10.70 760 835 110 Illinois ........: 265 280 106 10.65 10.95 2,822 3,066 109 Indiana .........: 125 115 92 10.50 11.00 1,313 1,265 96 Iowa ............: 580 540 93 11.20 11.35 6,496 6,129 94 Kansas ..........: 87 87 100 10.90 10.90 948 948 100 Michigan ........: 57 53 93 10.80 11.10 616 588 95 Minnesota .......: 305 290 95 11.15 11.95 3,401 3,466 102 Missouri ........: 255 250 98 10.45 11.10 2,665 2,775 104 Nebraska ........: 185 190 103 11.30 11.65 2,091 2,214 106 North Carolina ..: 485 480 99 10.30 10.50 4,996 5,040 101 : Ohio ............: 89 97 109 10.90 11.30 970 1,096 113 Oklahoma ........: 210 220 105 10.65 10.90 2,237 2,398 107 Pennsylvania ....: 51 50 98 10.70 11.30 546 565 103 South Dakota ....: 117 126 108 11.10 11.85 1,299 1,493 115 Texas ...........: 69 70 101 10.10 10.90 697 763 109 Utah ............: 39 44 113 11.00 11.00 429 484 113 : Other States 2/ .: 201 209 104 10.10 10.44 2,034 2,181 107 : United States ...: 3,200 3,179 99 10.72 11.11 34,320 35,306 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2017-2019 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2018 as : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 2/ : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 72 75 73 97 10.20 9.60 734 720 98 Illinois ...........: 265 275 280 102 10.70 10.65 2,836 2,929 103 Indiana ............: 135 125 120 96 10.35 10.60 1,397 1,325 95 Iowa ...............: 550 560 530 95 11.15 11.20 6,133 6,272 102 Kansas .............: 83 85 86 101 10.80 10.90 896 927 103 Michigan ...........: 53 54 54 100 10.90 10.50 578 567 98 Minnesota ..........: 315 300 280 93 11.45 11.40 3,607 3,420 95 Missouri ...........: 235 250 250 100 10.40 10.60 2,444 2,650 108 Nebraska ...........: 195 190 205 108 11.70 11.45 2,282 2,176 95 North Carolina .....: 460 470 470 100 10.20 10.15 4,692 4,771 102 : Ohio ...............: 94 99 102 103 10.80 10.60 1,015 1,049 103 Oklahoma ...........: 195 205 215 105 10.70 10.60 2,087 2,173 104 Pennsylvania .......: 49 52 49 94 10.40 11.00 510 572 112 South Dakota .......: 105 127 124 98 11.45 11.65 1,202 1,480 123 Texas ..............: 60 67 69 103 9.20 10.40 552 697 126 Utah ...............: 35 37 44 119 9.00 10.00 315 370 117 : Other States 3/ ....: 202 203 204 101 10.15 10.15 2,048 2,056 100 : United States ......: 3,103 3,174 3,155 99 10.74 10.76 33,328 34,154 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 5,200 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of September 2019, data were collected from about 3,800 operations, 73.0 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of September 1, 2019. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 77.7 million head by more than 1.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.7 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous twenty quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.0 1.7 539 60 1,576 12 8 : Pig crop .....................: 1.7 2.9 392 0 1,158 13 6 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.2 3.8 51 4 133 17 3 : First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 57 3 149 16 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1 ....................: 75,086 2019 1988 June 1 .....................: 75,700 2019 1964 September 1 ................: 77,678 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1 ....................: 68,738 2019 1988 June 1 .....................: 69,291 2019 1964 September 1 ................: 71,248 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 68,590 2018 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 33,327 2019 1970 March-May ..................: 34,177 2019 1970 June-August ................: 35,306 2019 1970 September-November .........: 34,154 2018 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 10.70 2019 1970 March-May ..................: 11.00 2019 1970 June-August ................: 11.11 2019 1970 September-November .........: 10.76 2018 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 720-4448 Heidi Lanouette - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ..... (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. 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