Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released September 27, 2018, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 3 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2018 was 75.5 million head. This was up 3 percent from September 1, 2017, and up 3 percent from June 1, 2018. Breeding inventory, at 6.33 million head, was up 3 percent from last year, and up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 69.2 million head, was up 3 percent from last year, and up 4 percent from last quarter. The June-August 2018 pig crop, at 34.2 million head, was up 3 percent from 2017. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.19 million head, up 3 percent from 2017. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 50 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was a record high of 10.72 for the June-August period, compared to 10.65 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.16 million sows farrow during the September-November 2018 quarter, up 2 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period in 2017, and up 4 percent from 2016. Intended farrowings for December-February 2019, at 3.12 million sows, are up 2 percent from 2018, and up 4 percent from 2017. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 48 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up from 47 percent the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2017 through June 2018 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the June 2018 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.4 percent. The net revision made to the March 2018 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.1 percent. A revision of less than 0.1 percent was made to the December 2017-February 2018 pig crop. The net revision made to the December 2017 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.3 percent. A net revision of 0.2 percent was made to the September-November 2017 pig crop. The net revision made to September 2017 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.3 percent. A net revision of less than 0.1 percent was made to the June-August 2017 pig crop. Special Note The December 2018 Quarterly Hogs and Pigs report will be released on December 20, 2018 at 3:00 P.M. EST at www.nass.usda.gov. Please contact the Livestock Branch at (202) 720-3570 or email at hq_sd_lb@nass.usda.gov with any questions or concerns. This report was approved on September 27, 2018. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Ted A. McKinney Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2017 and 2018.............. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2016-2019................................ 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2017 and 2018.. 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018................ 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018..................... 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018................. 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018...................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018............ 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018................. 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017............. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017.................. 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2017-2019... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2017 and 2018....... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2017 and 2018..... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2016-2018.. 11 Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 12 Reliability of September 1 Hog Estimates................................................................ 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 13 Information Contacts.................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2018 as Item : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : of 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 70,701 72,833 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,098 6,210 102 Market .............................: 64,603 66,623 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,407 21,082 103 50-119 pounds ......................: 17,862 18,282 102 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,435 14,941 104 180 pounds and over ................: 11,899 12,317 104 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 71,010 73,126 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,109 6,320 103 Market .............................: 64,901 66,806 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,647 21,387 104 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,741 19,388 103 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,646 13,938 102 180 pounds and over ................: 11,867 12,092 102 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,309 75,486 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,117 6,330 103 Market .............................: 67,192 69,156 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,533 22,092 103 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,757 20,262 103 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,874 14,356 103 180 pounds and over ................: 12,028 12,445 103 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,445 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,179 Market .............................: 67,266 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,482 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,594 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,005 180 pounds and over ................: 13,184 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2016-2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2018 as percent of : 2019 as Item : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 :---------------------: percent : : : : : 2016 : 2017 : of 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head percent percent percent Sows farrowing : December-February 1/ 2/ : 2,927 2,986 3,055 3,115 104 102 102 March-May ..............: 2,968 3,014 3,121 105 104 December-May 1/ ........: 5,896 5,999 6,176 105 103 : June-August ............: 3,057 3,106 3,185 104 103 September-November 3/ ..: 3,046 3,115 3,163 104 102 June-November 4/ .......: 6,103 6,221 6,349 104 102 : Pig crop : December-February 1/ ...: 30,139 31,146 32,320 107 104 March-May ..............: 31,097 31,790 33,167 107 104 December-May 1/ ........: 61,236 62,935 65,487 107 104 : June-August ............: 32,331 33,075 34,159 106 103 September-November .....: 32,372 33,456 June-November ..........: 64,703 66,530 : : number number number number percent percent percent : Pigs per litter : December-February 1/ ...: 10.30 10.43 10.58 103 101 March-May ..............: 10.48 10.55 10.63 101 101 December-May 1/ ........: 10.39 10.49 10.60 102 101 : June-August ............: 10.58 10.65 10.72 101 101 September-November .....: 10.63 10.74 June-November ..........: 10.60 10.69 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December preceding year. 2/ Intentions for 2019. 3/ Intentions for 2018. 4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2017 and 2018 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,006 1,033 10.44 10.62 10,500 10,969 January ........: 992 1,023 10.39 10.49 10,309 10,736 February .......: 988 998 10.46 10.63 10,337 10,615 March ..........: 1,036 1,072 10.54 10.56 10,916 11,320 April ..........: 975 1,017 10.56 10.55 10,298 10,733 May ............: 1,003 1,032 10.55 10.77 10,576 11,113 June ...........: 1,060 1,078 10.56 10.66 11,187 11,488 July ...........: 1,020 1,048 10.65 10.70 10,859 11,216 August .........: 1,027 1,060 10.74 10.81 11,028 11,455 September ......: 1,069 10.65 11,385 October ........: 1,030 10.77 11,092 November .......: 1,017 10.80 10,978 : Total ..........: 12,220 10.59 129,466 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 545 615 113 700 770 110 Illinois ........: 540 550 102 4,710 4,750 101 5,250 5,300 101 Indiana .........: 280 260 93 3,770 3,790 101 4,050 4,050 100 Iowa ............: 1,000 1,020 102 20,600 21,480 104 21,600 22,500 104 Kansas ..........: 165 160 97 1,805 1,890 105 1,970 2,050 104 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,000 1,080 108 1,110 1,200 108 Minnesota .......: 560 570 102 7,840 7,930 101 8,400 8,500 101 Missouri ........: 445 455 102 2,655 2,995 113 3,100 3,450 111 Nebraska ........: 415 420 101 2,885 3,030 105 3,300 3,450 105 North Carolina ..: 880 900 102 8,320 8,000 96 9,200 8,900 97 : Ohio ............: 185 190 103 2,465 2,710 110 2,650 2,900 109 Oklahoma ........: 445 445 100 1,655 1,725 104 2,100 2,170 103 Pennsylvania ....: 100 110 110 1,040 1,090 105 1,140 1,200 105 South Dakota ....: 200 235 118 1,250 1,425 114 1,450 1,660 114 Texas ...........: 120 145 121 790 955 121 910 1,100 121 Utah ............: 80 75 94 620 420 68 700 495 71 : Other States 1/ .: 418 400 96 2,653 2,738 103 3,071 3,138 102 : United States ...: 6,098 6,210 102 64,603 66,623 103 70,701 72,833 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 250 285 110 120 95 105 90 105 Illinois ........: 1,530 1,465 1,460 1,465 920 980 800 840 Indiana .........: 1,030 965 1,050 1,140 810 860 880 825 Iowa ............: 5,300 5,590 6,440 6,620 5,270 5,360 3,590 3,910 Kansas ..........: 455 405 475 540 345 410 530 535 Michigan ........: 285 320 245 265 240 245 230 250 Minnesota .......: 2,590 2,640 2,380 2,380 1,650 1,760 1,220 1,150 Missouri ........: 1,350 1,455 515 560 400 530 390 450 Nebraska ........: 920 1,040 735 775 650 670 580 545 North Carolina ..: 3,140 3,250 1,860 1,720 1,800 1,690 1,520 1,340 : Ohio ............: 690 700 730 730 625 700 420 580 Oklahoma ........: 740 735 300 335 270 260 345 395 Pennsylvania ....: 265 290 305 305 280 270 190 225 South Dakota ....: 455 510 325 370 240 280 230 265 Texas ...........: 170 270 220 260 175 185 225 240 Utah ............: 265 155 115 80 130 95 110 90 : Other States 1/ .: 972 1,007 597 617 535 541 549 572 : United States ...: 20,407 21,082 17,862 18,282 14,435 14,941 11,899 12,317 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 565 605 107 720 760 106 Illinois ........: 530 570 108 4,720 4,780 101 5,250 5,350 102 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,690 3,700 100 3,950 3,950 100 Iowa ............: 1,030 1,040 101 20,870 21,560 103 21,900 22,600 103 Kansas ..........: 160 165 103 1,790 1,875 105 1,950 2,040 105 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,000 1,080 108 1,110 1,200 108 Minnesota .......: 570 580 102 7,930 7,920 100 8,500 8,500 100 Missouri ........: 440 460 105 2,810 3,040 108 3,250 3,500 108 Nebraska ........: 420 430 102 2,980 3,070 103 3,400 3,500 103 North Carolina ..: 880 910 103 8,020 7,990 100 8,900 8,900 100 : Ohio ............: 190 190 100 2,510 2,710 108 2,700 2,900 107 Oklahoma ........: 450 460 102 1,570 1,690 108 2,020 2,150 106 Pennsylvania ....: 105 120 114 1,085 1,180 109 1,190 1,300 109 South Dakota ....: 200 240 120 1,290 1,440 112 1,490 1,680 113 Texas ...........: 125 145 116 785 995 127 910 1,140 125 Utah ............: 75 80 107 605 450 74 680 530 78 : Other States 1/ .: 409 405 99 2,681 2,721 101 3,090 3,126 101 : United States ...: 6,109 6,320 103 64,901 66,806 103 71,010 73,126 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 255 290 120 120 100 95 90 100 Illinois ........: 1,430 1,550 1,530 1,510 930 880 830 840 Indiana .........: 920 940 1,140 1,150 770 780 860 830 Iowa ............: 5,450 5,590 6,870 7,150 4,950 5,150 3,600 3,670 Kansas ..........: 480 420 490 520 355 375 465 560 Michigan ........: 290 310 240 290 245 220 225 260 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,610 2,390 2,490 1,640 1,710 1,290 1,110 Missouri ........: 1,360 1,505 580 590 435 475 435 470 Nebraska ........: 1,005 1,050 785 840 615 600 575 580 North Carolina ..: 3,290 3,370 1,870 1,840 1,400 1,450 1,460 1,330 : Ohio ............: 720 690 720 750 630 680 440 590 Oklahoma ........: 685 785 340 400 230 215 315 290 Pennsylvania ....: 285 320 345 355 280 250 175 255 South Dakota ....: 455 510 345 380 240 270 250 280 Texas ...........: 165 300 235 275 175 165 210 255 Utah ............: 245 175 120 90 130 90 110 95 : Other States 1/ .: 1,002 972 621 638 521 533 537 577 : United States ...: 20,647 21,387 18,741 19,388 13,646 13,938 11,867 12,092 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 160 155 97 600 625 104 760 780 103 Illinois ........: 540 570 106 4,860 4,880 100 5,400 5,450 101 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,840 3,950 103 4,100 4,200 102 Iowa ............: 980 1,040 106 21,620 22,560 104 22,600 23,600 104 Kansas ..........: 165 170 103 1,835 1,860 101 2,000 2,030 102 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,070 1,100 103 1,190 1,220 103 Minnesota .......: 550 580 105 7,750 8,020 103 8,300 8,600 104 Missouri ........: 440 465 106 3,060 3,285 107 3,500 3,750 107 Nebraska ........: 410 430 105 3,040 3,020 99 3,450 3,450 100 North Carolina ..: 900 910 101 8,400 8,490 101 9,300 9,400 101 : Ohio ............: 180 190 106 2,670 2,610 98 2,850 2,800 98 Oklahoma ........: 455 460 101 1,765 1,820 103 2,220 2,280 103 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,090 1,190 109 1,200 1,310 109 South Dakota ....: 215 245 114 1,325 1,475 111 1,540 1,720 112 Texas ...........: 135 145 107 895 985 110 1,030 1,130 110 Utah ............: 80 80 100 600 525 88 680 605 89 : Other States 1/ .: 417 400 96 2,772 2,761 100 3,189 3,161 99 : United States ...: 6,117 6,330 103 67,192 69,156 103 73,309 75,486 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 275 305 125 140 105 95 95 85 Illinois ........: 1,505 1,570 1,620 1,560 930 900 805 850 Indiana .........: 1,050 960 1,180 1,230 780 890 830 870 Iowa ............: 5,640 5,850 7,210 7,650 5,070 5,260 3,700 3,800 Kansas ..........: 475 445 505 525 355 385 500 505 Michigan ........: 310 330 260 290 250 220 250 260 Minnesota .......: 2,630 2,690 2,500 2,500 1,500 1,730 1,120 1,100 Missouri ........: 1,485 1,605 640 640 460 530 475 510 Nebraska ........: 1,015 1,010 835 865 600 570 590 575 North Carolina ..: 3,400 3,450 1,950 2,000 1,550 1,580 1,500 1,460 : Ohio ............: 730 670 785 730 640 615 515 595 Oklahoma ........: 770 835 440 375 265 235 290 375 Pennsylvania ....: 305 325 335 340 270 270 180 255 South Dakota ....: 450 520 365 405 260 275 250 275 Texas ...........: 235 310 255 275 160 150 245 250 Utah ............: 235 220 125 105 130 105 110 95 : Other States 1/ .: 1,023 997 627 632 549 546 573 585 : United States ...: 21,533 22,092 19,757 20,262 13,874 14,356 12,028 12,445 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2017 as: : :2017 as: : : 2017 as : 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 : percent : : :of 2016: : :of 2016: : : of 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 150 150 100 520 600 115 670 750 112 Illinois ........: 540 530 98 4,560 4,870 107 5,100 5,400 106 Indiana .........: 270 260 96 3,830 3,740 98 4,100 4,000 98 Iowa ............: 1,030 1,000 97 21,170 21,800 103 22,200 22,800 103 Kansas ..........: 165 165 100 1,745 1,945 111 1,910 2,110 110 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,020 1,070 105 1,130 1,190 105 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 7,930 7,930 100 8,500 8,500 100 Missouri ........: 435 450 103 2,665 2,950 111 3,100 3,400 110 Nebraska ........: 415 430 104 2,985 3,170 106 3,400 3,600 106 North Carolina ..: 880 900 102 8,420 8,100 96 9,300 9,000 97 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,760 110 2,700 2,950 109 Oklahoma ........: 450 460 102 1,710 1,780 104 2,160 2,240 104 Pennsylvania ....: 100 110 110 1,110 1,140 103 1,210 1,250 103 South Dakota ....: 190 215 113 1,260 1,345 107 1,450 1,560 108 Texas ...........: 110 140 127 770 910 118 880 1,050 119 Utah ............: 75 80 107 625 470 75 700 550 79 : Other States 1/ .: 420 409 97 2,615 2,686 103 3,035 3,095 102 : United States ...: 6,110 6,179 101 65,435 67,266 103 71,545 73,445 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 220 255 120 130 95 115 85 100 Illinois ........: 1,450 1,550 1,360 1,480 890 920 860 920 Indiana .........: 1,040 980 1,090 1,040 790 775 910 945 Iowa ............: 5,620 5,830 6,550 6,820 5,010 5,080 3,990 4,070 Kansas ..........: 455 480 520 520 320 420 450 525 Michigan ........: 300 330 265 240 215 245 240 255 Minnesota .......: 2,720 2,740 2,350 2,350 1,560 1,580 1,300 1,260 Missouri ........: 1,340 1,450 520 560 375 445 430 495 Nebraska ........: 955 1,030 790 840 650 640 590 660 North Carolina ..: 3,160 3,190 1,950 1,790 1,680 1,570 1,630 1,550 : Ohio ............: 750 760 660 760 600 660 490 580 Oklahoma ........: 735 735 360 430 275 230 340 385 Pennsylvania ....: 320 305 335 335 245 260 210 240 South Dakota ....: 445 460 325 365 245 270 245 250 Texas ...........: 170 240 190 240 175 175 235 255 Utah ............: 250 185 120 85 130 100 125 100 : Other States 1/ .: 957 962 597 609 531 520 530 594 : United States ...: 20,887 21,482 18,102 18,594 13,786 14,005 12,660 13,184 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2017-2019 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2018 as State : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 2/ : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 76 72 75 104 9.90 9.70 752 698 93 Illinois ...........: 265 260 260 100 10.20 10.60 2,703 2,756 102 Indiana ............: 145 130 125 96 10.25 10.45 1,486 1,359 91 Iowa ...............: 510 560 540 96 10.75 11.00 5,483 6,160 112 Kansas .............: 79 79 87 110 10.00 10.20 790 806 102 Michigan ...........: 50 53 54 102 10.40 10.70 520 567 109 Minnesota ..........: 275 300 305 102 11.35 11.20 3,121 3,360 108 Missouri ...........: 220 225 255 113 10.05 10.15 2,211 2,284 103 Nebraska ...........: 175 180 190 106 11.55 11.70 2,021 2,106 104 North Carolina .....: 460 455 460 101 9.90 9.90 4,554 4,505 99 : Ohio ...............: 91 91 96 105 10.80 10.80 983 983 100 Oklahoma ...........: 200 200 200 100 10.30 10.60 2,060 2,120 103 Pennsylvania .......: 46 48 50 104 10.30 10.60 474 509 107 South Dakota .......: 102 111 116 105 11.30 11.45 1,153 1,271 110 Texas ..............: 50 58 70 121 9.90 9.90 495 574 116 Utah ...............: 39 36 35 97 8.70 7.70 339 277 82 : Other States 3/ ....: 203 197 197 100 9.86 10.09 2,001 1,985 99 : United States ......: 2,986 3,055 3,115 102 10.43 10.58 31,146 32,320 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : 2018 : 2018 as : : : : 2018 : 2018 as State : : : : : : : : : 2017 : : percent : : : 2017 : : percent : : : of 2017 : 2017 : 2018 : : : of 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 77 75 97 10.40 9.60 801 720 90 Illinois ........: 255 275 108 10.55 10.70 2,690 2,943 109 Indiana .........: 135 115 85 10.50 10.30 1,418 1,185 84 Iowa ............: 510 570 112 10.95 11.10 5,585 6,327 113 Kansas ..........: 80 76 95 10.00 10.10 800 768 96 Michigan ........: 50 53 106 10.50 10.90 525 578 110 Minnesota .......: 300 310 103 11.40 11.20 3,420 3,472 102 Missouri ........: 220 240 109 10.25 10.20 2,255 2,448 109 Nebraska ........: 185 190 103 11.45 11.30 2,118 2,147 101 North Carolina ..: 470 465 99 10.00 10.10 4,700 4,697 100 : Ohio ............: 97 88 91 10.60 11.00 1,028 968 94 Oklahoma ........: 195 205 105 10.60 10.70 2,067 2,194 106 Pennsylvania ....: 50 51 102 10.50 10.50 525 536 102 South Dakota ....: 101 110 109 11.35 11.70 1,146 1,287 112 Texas ...........: 50 65 130 7.30 9.80 365 637 175 Utah ............: 39 34 87 9.00 7.60 351 258 74 : Other States 2/ .: 200 199 100 10.00 10.07 1,996 2,002 100 : United States ...: 3,014 3,121 104 10.55 10.63 31,790 33,167 104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2018 as : : : : : 2018 as State : 2017 : 2018 : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : of 2017 : : : : : of 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 78 80 103 10.90 9.50 850 760 89 Illinois ........: 265 260 98 10.75 10.65 2,849 2,769 97 Indiana .........: 135 125 93 10.35 10.50 1,397 1,313 94 Iowa ............: 520 570 110 11.20 11.20 5,824 6,384 110 Kansas ..........: 85 87 102 10.60 10.90 901 948 105 Michigan ........: 54 57 106 10.80 10.80 583 616 106 Minnesota .......: 300 305 102 11.40 11.15 3,420 3,401 99 Missouri ........: 235 255 109 10.15 10.45 2,385 2,665 112 Nebraska ........: 190 185 97 11.65 11.30 2,214 2,091 94 North Carolina ..: 490 485 99 10.05 10.30 4,925 4,996 101 : Ohio ............: 97 89 92 10.70 10.90 1,038 970 93 Oklahoma ........: 205 210 102 10.60 10.65 2,173 2,237 103 Pennsylvania ....: 51 51 100 10.60 10.70 541 546 101 South Dakota ....: 105 117 111 11.30 11.10 1,187 1,299 109 Texas ...........: 52 71 137 7.80 10.10 406 717 177 Utah ............: 36 39 108 9.00 11.00 324 429 132 : Other States 2/ .: 208 199 96 9.88 10.12 2,058 2,018 98 : United States ...: 3,106 3,185 103 10.65 10.72 33,075 34,159 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2016-2018 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2018 as : : : : : 2017 as State : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 2/ : percent : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : percent : : : : of 2017 : : : : : of 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 74 72 76 106 10.40 10.20 770 734 95 Illinois ...........: 260 265 270 102 10.60 10.70 2,756 2,836 103 Indiana ............: 140 135 135 100 10.30 10.35 1,442 1,397 97 Iowa ...............: 550 550 560 102 10.90 11.15 5,995 6,133 102 Kansas .............: 82 83 87 105 10.60 10.80 869 896 103 Michigan ...........: 49 53 58 109 10.60 10.90 519 578 111 Minnesota ..........: 310 315 305 97 11.20 11.45 3,472 3,607 104 Missouri ...........: 210 235 250 106 10.45 10.40 2,195 2,444 111 Nebraska ...........: 180 195 190 97 11.60 11.70 2,088 2,282 109 North Carolina .....: 460 460 470 102 10.30 10.20 4,738 4,692 99 : Ohio ...............: 96 100 92 92 10.50 10.80 1,008 1,080 107 Oklahoma ...........: 195 200 210 105 10.55 10.70 2,057 2,140 104 Pennsylvania .......: 50 50 50 100 10.50 10.40 525 520 99 South Dakota .......: 100 105 117 111 10.90 11.45 1,090 1,202 110 Texas ..............: 48 60 69 115 9.90 9.20 475 552 116 Utah ...............: 38 35 34 97 9.00 9.00 342 315 92 : Other States 3/ ....: 204 202 190 94 9.96 10.15 2,031 2,048 101 : United States ......: 3,046 3,115 3,163 102 10.63 10.74 32,372 33,456 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 6,500 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of September 2018, data were collected from about 4,800 operations, 73 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of September 1, 2018. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 75.5 million head by more than 1.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.2 percent. Reliability of September 1 Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous twenty quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.3 2.2 710 45.4 1,726 11 9 : Pig crop .....................: 2.1 3.6 470 0 1,260 13 6 : Expected farrowings : : Next quarter ...............: 2.5 4.4 65 10 129 11 9 : Following quarter ..........: 3.0 5.2 75 11 197 11 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1 ....................: 72,833 2018 1988 June 1 .....................: 73,126 2018 1964 September 1 ................: 75,486 2018 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1 ....................: 66,623 2018 1988 June 1 .....................: 66,806 2018 1964 September 1 ................: 69,156 2018 1988 December 1 .................: 67,266 2017 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 32,320 2018 1970 March-May ..................: 33,167 2018 1970 June-August ................: 34,159 2018 1970 September-November .........: 33,456 2017 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 10.58 2018 1970 March-May ..................: 10.63 2018 1970 June-August ................: 10.72 2018 1970 September-November .........: 10.74 2017 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 720-4448 Heidi Gleich - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. (202) 720-3106 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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