Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released March 26, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 4 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 2020 was 77.6 million head. This was up 4 percent from March 1, 2019, but down 1 percent from December 1, 2019. Breeding inventory, at 6.38 million head, was up slightly from last year, but down 1 percent from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 71.3 million head, was up 4 percent from last year, but down 1 percent from last quarter. The December 2019-February 2020 pig crop, at 34.7 million head, was up 5 percent from last year. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.16 million head, up 2 percent from previous year. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was a record high of 11.00 for the December 2019-February 2020 period, compared to 10.70 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.12 million sows farrow during the March-May 2020 quarter, down slightly from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, but up 2 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for June-August 2020, at 3.13 million sows, are down 4 percent from the same period one year earlier, and down 1 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 49 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up 2 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 2019 through December 2019 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the December 2019 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.7 percent. A revision of 2.6 percent was made to the September-November 2019 pig crop. The net revision made to the September 2019 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.2 percent. A net revision of 3.0 percent was made to the June-August 2019 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on March 26, 2020. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2019 and 2020................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2018-2020................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2019 and 2020..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2019 and 2020.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2018-2020.............. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2018-2020............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2018 and 2019........................................................................... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates..................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2020 as Item : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : of 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory ......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,661 77,629 104 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,349 6,375 100 Market .............................: 68,313 71,254 104 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,373 22,221 104 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,168 19,853 104 120-179 pounds .....................: 15,001 15,581 104 180 pounds and over ................: 12,771 13,598 106 : June 1 inventory .......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 75,725 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,410 Market .............................: 69,316 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,210 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,693 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,396 180 pounds and over ................: 13,017 : September 1 inventory ..................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 78,583 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,431 Market .............................: 72,153 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 23,376 50-119 pounds ......................: 21,224 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,654 180 pounds and over ................: 12,899 : December 1 inventory ...................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 78,658 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,471 Market .............................: 72,187 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,648 50-119 pounds ......................: 20,301 120-179 pounds .....................: 15,321 180 pounds and over ................: 13,916 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2018-2020 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2020 as percent of Item : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 :------------------------- : : : : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February ......: 2,977 3,099 3,158 106 102 March-May 2/ ...........: 3,064 3,133 3,119 102 100 December-May 1/ 3/ .....: 6,041 6,233 6,277 104 101 : June-August 2/ .........: 3,172 3,275 3,134 99 96 September-November .....: 3,205 3,247 June-November 1/ .......: 6,377 6,522 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 31,497 33,163 34,734 110 105 March-May ..............: 32,556 34,454 December-May 1/ ........: 64,053 67,617 : June-August ............: 34,019 36,369 September-November .....: 34,496 36,007 June-November 1/ .......: 68,515 72,377 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 10.58 10.70 11.00 104 103 March-May ..............: 10.63 11.00 December-May ...........: 10.60 10.85 : June-August ............: 10.72 11.11 September-November .....: 10.76 11.09 June-November ..........: 10.74 11.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2020. 3/ Actual farrowings for December 2019-February 2020 plus intentions for March-May 2020. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2019 and 2020 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,041 1,080 10.72 10.98 11,153 11,854 January ........: 1,037 1,056 10.68 10.95 11,070 11,564 February .......: 1,022 1,022 10.71 11.07 10,939 11,316 March ..........: 1,075 10.85 11,662 April ..........: 1,027 11.01 11,310 May ............: 1,032 11.13 11,482 June ...........: 1,115 11.02 12,294 July ...........: 1,086 11.10 12,048 August .........: 1,074 11.20 12,027 September ......: 1,115 11.00 12,262 October ........: 1,080 11.10 11,989 November .......: 1,052 11.17 11,757 : Total ..........: 12,755 10.98 139,994 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2020 as: : :2020 as: : :2020 as : 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent : : :of 2019: : :of 2019: : :of 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 645 585 91 800 740 93 Illinois ........: 560 580 104 4,690 4,820 103 5,250 5,400 103 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,940 3,900 99 4,200 4,150 99 Iowa ............: 1,030 980 95 22,670 23,620 104 23,700 24,600 104 Kansas ..........: 170 180 106 1,880 1,920 102 2,050 2,100 102 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,110 1,130 102 1,230 1,250 102 Minnesota .......: 580 560 97 8,220 8,740 106 8,800 9,300 106 Missouri ........: 470 470 100 3,080 3,280 106 3,550 3,750 106 Nebraska ........: 450 440 98 3,150 3,360 107 3,600 3,800 106 North Carolina ..: 900 870 97 8,100 8,330 103 9,000 9,200 102 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,460 2,600 106 2,650 2,800 106 Oklahoma ........: 450 450 100 1,720 1,810 105 2,170 2,260 104 Pennsylvania ....: 120 150 125 1,150 1,210 105 1,270 1,360 107 South Dakota ....: 245 285 116 1,595 1,745 109 1,840 2,030 110 Texas ...........: 150 155 103 940 965 103 1,090 1,120 103 Utah ............: 80 80 100 670 870 130 750 950 127 : Other States 1/ .: 419 450 108 2,293 2,369 103 2,711 2,819 104 : United States ...: 6,349 6,375 100 68,313 71,254 104 74,661 77,629 104 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 290 290 135 110 105 70 115 115 Illinois ........: 1,415 1,370 1,555 1,605 1,000 1,045 720 800 Indiana .........: 1,040 980 1,100 1,100 920 950 880 870 Iowa ............: 5,510 5,920 7,510 7,530 5,630 5,640 4,020 4,530 Kansas ..........: 480 460 440 500 395 390 565 570 Michigan ........: 330 340 300 305 225 230 255 255 Minnesota .......: 2,590 2,830 2,400 2,560 1,890 2,020 1,340 1,330 Missouri ........: 1,555 1,520 560 670 505 595 460 495 Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,140 880 905 690 710 520 605 North Carolina ..: 3,190 3,210 1,700 1,810 1,590 1,700 1,620 1,610 : Ohio ............: 720 750 640 690 520 580 580 580 Oklahoma ........: 800 830 360 365 210 250 350 365 Pennsylvania ....: 315 340 325 355 245 250 265 265 South Dakota ....: 590 695 390 395 320 345 295 310 Texas ...........: 275 280 260 275 180 185 225 225 Utah ............: 295 325 120 180 130 180 125 185 : Other States 1/ .: 918 941 493 498 446 441 436 488 : United States ...: 21,373 22,221 19,168 19,853 15,001 15,581 12,771 13,598 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 160 103 605 620 102 760 780 103 Illinois ........: 570 590 104 4,730 4,760 101 5,300 5,350 101 Indiana .........: 250 260 104 3,700 4,040 109 3,950 4,300 109 Iowa ............: 1,040 1,000 96 21,460 22,900 107 22,500 23,900 106 Kansas ..........: 165 175 106 1,865 1,845 99 2,030 2,020 100 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,070 1,130 106 1,190 1,250 105 Minnesota .......: 580 570 98 7,820 8,230 105 8,400 8,800 105 Missouri ........: 460 480 104 3,040 3,170 104 3,500 3,650 104 Nebraska ........: 430 460 107 3,070 3,290 107 3,500 3,750 107 North Carolina ..: 910 900 99 7,990 8,300 104 8,900 9,200 103 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,460 2,550 104 2,650 2,750 104 Oklahoma ........: 460 445 97 1,690 1,715 101 2,150 2,160 100 Pennsylvania ....: 120 120 100 1,170 1,100 94 1,290 1,220 95 South Dakota ....: 240 265 110 1,440 1,605 111 1,680 1,870 111 Texas ...........: 145 155 107 995 935 94 1,140 1,090 96 Utah ............: 80 80 100 450 750 167 530 830 157 : Other States 1/ .: 405 430 106 2,356 2,376 101 2,761 2,805 102 : United States ...: 6,320 6,410 101 65,911 69,316 105 72,231 75,725 105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 290 295 120 130 95 100 100 95 Illinois ........: 1,525 1,465 1,435 1,530 930 945 840 820 Indiana .........: 935 1,090 1,150 1,180 780 840 835 930 Iowa ............: 5,510 5,920 7,030 7,520 5,200 5,430 3,720 4,030 Kansas ..........: 410 460 515 490 375 385 565 510 Michigan ........: 300 320 290 320 220 230 260 260 Minnesota .......: 2,560 2,630 2,380 2,590 1,760 1,730 1,120 1,280 Missouri ........: 1,500 1,590 590 530 475 525 475 525 Nebraska ........: 1,050 1,135 840 875 600 630 580 650 North Carolina ..: 3,360 3,370 1,840 1,830 1,440 1,500 1,350 1,600 : Ohio ............: 670 730 630 660 580 590 580 570 Oklahoma ........: 785 800 400 365 215 220 290 330 Pennsylvania ....: 310 305 355 345 250 235 255 215 South Dakota ....: 510 580 380 430 270 290 280 305 Texas ...........: 300 285 275 235 165 145 255 270 Utah ............: 175 325 90 150 90 140 95 135 : Other States 1/ .: 891 910 526 513 453 461 485 492 : United States ...: 21,081 22,210 18,846 19,693 13,898 14,396 12,085 13,017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 160 103 625 630 101 780 790 101 Illinois ........: 570 590 104 4,880 4,910 101 5,450 5,500 101 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 3,950 4,150 105 4,200 4,400 105 Iowa ............: 1,040 1,010 97 22,460 23,990 107 23,500 25,000 106 Kansas ..........: 170 175 103 1,860 1,915 103 2,030 2,090 103 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,100 1,120 102 1,220 1,240 102 Minnesota .......: 580 580 100 7,920 8,620 109 8,500 9,200 108 Missouri ........: 465 490 105 3,285 3,160 96 3,750 3,650 97 Nebraska ........: 430 450 105 3,020 3,350 111 3,450 3,800 110 North Carolina ..: 910 900 99 8,390 8,700 104 9,300 9,600 103 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,360 2,600 110 2,550 2,800 110 Oklahoma ........: 460 460 100 1,820 1,790 98 2,280 2,250 99 Pennsylvania ....: 120 120 100 1,190 1,140 96 1,310 1,260 96 South Dakota ....: 245 265 108 1,475 1,735 118 1,720 2,000 116 Texas ...........: 145 155 107 985 1,045 106 1,130 1,200 106 Utah ............: 80 80 100 525 880 168 605 960 159 : Other States 1/ .: 400 426 106 2,381 2,418 102 2,781 2,843 102 : United States ...: 6,330 6,431 102 68,226 72,153 106 74,556 78,583 105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 305 305 150 130 95 95 75 100 Illinois ........: 1,570 1,510 1,580 1,650 890 900 840 850 Indiana .........: 990 1,110 1,240 1,230 870 860 850 950 Iowa ............: 5,875 6,360 7,675 8,010 5,210 5,520 3,700 4,100 Kansas ..........: 445 490 530 510 385 375 500 540 Michigan ........: 330 310 290 310 220 225 260 275 Minnesota .......: 2,695 2,950 2,455 2,850 1,700 1,710 1,070 1,110 Missouri ........: 1,605 1,530 640 590 530 545 510 495 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,190 865 890 570 670 575 600 North Carolina ..: 3,450 3,440 2,000 2,140 1,520 1,580 1,420 1,540 : Ohio ............: 650 780 640 690 500 540 570 590 Oklahoma ........: 845 805 385 465 230 225 360 295 Pennsylvania ....: 325 315 340 330 270 265 255 230 South Dakota ....: 520 655 405 450 275 305 275 325 Texas ...........: 310 345 275 290 150 185 250 225 Utah ............: 220 355 105 175 105 175 95 175 : Other States 1/ .: 895 926 524 514 466 479 495 499 : United States ...: 22,040 23,376 20,099 21,224 13,986 14,654 12,100 12,899 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 595 605 102 750 760 101 Illinois ........: 560 590 105 4,840 4,860 100 5,400 5,450 101 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,990 4,200 105 4,250 4,450 105 Iowa ............: 1,020 1,010 99 22,580 23,990 106 23,600 25,000 106 Kansas ..........: 170 180 106 1,880 1,980 105 2,050 2,160 105 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,060 1,120 106 1,180 1,240 105 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 8,530 8,830 104 9,100 9,400 103 Missouri ........: 470 490 104 3,180 2,860 90 3,650 3,350 92 Nebraska ........: 440 440 100 3,110 3,410 110 3,550 3,850 108 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,300 8,500 102 9,200 9,400 102 : Ohio ............: 200 210 105 2,350 2,740 117 2,550 2,950 116 Oklahoma ........: 445 450 101 1,755 1,840 105 2,200 2,290 104 Pennsylvania ....: 120 140 117 1,190 1,190 100 1,310 1,330 102 South Dakota ....: 255 280 110 1,495 1,730 116 1,750 2,010 115 Texas ...........: 150 155 103 960 985 103 1,110 1,140 103 Utah ............: 80 80 100 630 880 140 710 960 135 : Other States 1/ .: 411 451 110 2,300 2,467 107 2,710 2,918 108 : United States ...: 6,326 6,471 102 68,745 72,187 105 75,070 78,658 105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 270 280 125 130 85 100 115 95 Illinois ........: 1,555 1,485 1,525 1,580 910 975 850 820 Indiana .........: 1,035 1,130 1,225 1,170 820 930 910 970 Iowa ............: 5,650 6,040 7,450 7,620 5,260 5,750 4,220 4,580 Kansas ..........: 455 475 515 475 380 420 530 610 Michigan ........: 320 340 280 310 210 220 250 250 Minnesota .......: 2,880 2,850 2,510 2,670 1,830 1,860 1,310 1,450 Missouri ........: 1,625 1,270 575 570 510 540 470 480 Nebraska ........: 1,065 1,200 805 875 610 650 630 685 North Carolina ..: 3,290 3,400 1,780 1,930 1,600 1,610 1,630 1,560 : Ohio ............: 670 840 610 760 520 550 550 590 Oklahoma ........: 755 780 390 485 280 260 330 315 Pennsylvania ....: 335 305 335 340 265 275 255 270 South Dakota ....: 575 680 365 400 285 330 270 320 Texas ...........: 270 300 260 275 170 170 260 240 Utah ............: 240 320 125 185 135 185 130 190 : Other States 1/ .: 868 953 494 526 453 496 485 491 : United States ...: 21,858 22,648 19,369 20,301 14,323 15,321 13,195 13,916 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2019 and 2020 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2020 as State : 2019 : 2020 : percent : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 78 72 92 9.20 10.30 718 742 103 Illinois ...........: 270 290 107 10.65 10.95 2,876 3,176 110 Indiana ............: 125 120 96 10.20 10.60 1,275 1,272 100 Iowa ...............: 530 520 98 11.20 11.25 5,936 5,850 99 Kansas .............: 86 87 101 10.60 10.40 912 905 99 Michigan ...........: 56 57 102 10.90 11.10 610 633 104 Minnesota ..........: 300 300 100 11.60 11.85 3,480 3,555 102 Missouri ...........: 245 250 102 10.55 11.00 2,585 2,750 106 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 103 11.55 11.60 2,137 2,204 103 North Carolina .....: 455 450 99 9.90 10.50 4,505 4,725 105 : Ohio ...............: 93 100 108 10.70 11.00 995 1,100 111 Oklahoma ...........: 205 210 102 10.65 10.40 2,183 2,184 100 Pennsylvania .......: 55 53 96 10.80 11.00 594 583 98 South Dakota .......: 119 141 118 11.85 12.10 1,410 1,706 121 Texas ..............: 66 69 105 10.20 10.35 673 714 106 Utah ...............: 40 40 100 9.20 11.00 368 440 120 : Other States 2/ ....: 191 209 109 9.96 10.49 1,906 2,195 115 : United States ......: 3,099 3,158 102 10.70 11.00 33,163 34,734 105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2018-2020 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2019 as : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 3/ : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 75 78 74 95 9.60 10.70 720 835 116 Illinois ...........: 275 275 280 102 10.70 10.75 2,943 2,956 100 Indiana ............: 110 120 120 100 10.30 10.70 1,133 1,284 113 Iowa ...............: 550 530 510 96 11.10 11.45 6,105 6,069 99 Kansas .............: 76 86 91 106 10.10 10.70 768 920 120 Michigan ...........: 52 54 58 107 10.90 11.00 567 594 105 Minnesota ..........: 305 295 275 93 11.20 11.85 3,416 3,496 102 Missouri ...........: 240 242 250 103 10.20 10.65 2,448 2,577 105 Nebraska ...........: 190 200 190 95 11.30 11.50 2,147 2,300 107 North Carolina .....: 455 460 450 98 10.10 10.50 4,596 4,830 105 : Ohio ...............: 88 98 103 105 11.00 11.20 968 1,098 113 Oklahoma ...........: 205 215 205 95 10.70 10.55 2,194 2,268 103 Pennsylvania .......: 50 54 53 98 10.50 11.10 525 599 114 South Dakota .......: 110 123 140 114 11.70 11.95 1,287 1,470 114 Texas ..............: 64 66 69 105 9.80 10.50 627 693 111 Utah ...............: 34 43 41 95 7.60 10.70 258 460 178 : Other States 2/ ....: 185 194 210 108 10.04 10.32 1,854 2,005 108 : United States ......: 3,064 3,133 3,119 100 10.63 11.00 32,556 34,454 106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. 3/ Intentions. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2018-2020 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2019 as State : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 3/ : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 head ------ percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 79 79 74 94 9.50 10.70 751 845 113 Illinois ........: 265 290 280 97 10.65 10.95 2,822 3,176 113 Indiana .........: 125 120 130 108 10.50 11.00 1,313 1,320 101 Iowa ............: 575 550 510 93 11.20 11.35 6,440 6,243 97 Kansas ..........: 87 90 91 101 10.90 10.90 948 981 103 Michigan ........: 57 55 54 98 10.80 11.10 616 611 99 Minnesota .......: 300 300 270 90 11.15 11.95 3,345 3,585 107 Missouri ........: 255 260 255 98 10.45 11.10 2,665 2,886 108 Nebraska ........: 185 194 190 98 11.30 11.65 2,091 2,260 108 North Carolina ..: 485 500 450 90 10.30 10.50 4,996 5,250 105 : Ohio ............: 89 102 100 98 10.90 11.30 970 1,153 119 Oklahoma ........: 210 230 210 91 10.65 10.90 2,237 2,507 112 Pennsylvania ....: 51 51 51 100 10.70 11.30 546 576 105 South Dakota ....: 117 129 139 108 11.10 11.85 1,299 1,529 118 Texas ...........: 68 71 70 99 10.10 10.90 687 774 113 Utah ............: 39 44 41 93 11.00 11.00 429 484 113 : Other States 2/ .: 185 210 219 105 10.05 10.44 1,864 2,189 117 : United States ...: 3,172 3,275 3,134 96 10.72 11.11 34,019 36,369 107 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. 3/ Intentions. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2019 as State : 2018 : 2019 : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 75 76 101 9.60 10.60 720 806 112 Illinois ...........: 280 285 102 10.65 10.95 2,982 3,121 105 Indiana ............: 130 125 96 10.60 10.50 1,378 1,313 95 Iowa ...............: 570 540 95 11.20 11.35 6,384 6,129 96 Kansas .............: 85 92 108 10.90 10.75 927 989 107 Michigan ...........: 54 56 104 10.50 10.85 567 608 107 Minnesota ..........: 310 305 98 11.40 11.85 3,534 3,614 102 Missouri ...........: 255 260 102 10.60 11.10 2,703 2,886 107 Nebraska ...........: 195 195 100 11.45 11.70 2,233 2,282 102 North Carolina .....: 475 470 99 10.15 10.55 4,821 4,959 103 : Ohio ...............: 99 104 105 10.60 11.40 1,049 1,186 113 Oklahoma ...........: 205 220 107 10.60 10.85 2,173 2,387 110 Pennsylvania .......: 52 57 110 11.00 11.20 572 638 112 South Dakota .......: 127 139 109 11.65 12.00 1,480 1,668 113 Texas ..............: 67 69 103 10.40 10.40 697 718 103 Utah ...............: 37 41 111 10.00 11.50 370 472 128 : Other States 2/ ....: 189 213 113 10.15 10.47 1,906 2,231 117 : United States ......: 3,205 3,247 101 10.76 11.09 34,496 36,007 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 5,100 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of March 2020, data were collected from about 3,600 operations, 70.1 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of March 1, 2020. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 77.6 million head by more than 1.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.7 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.0 1.7 630 60 1,365 12 8 : Pig crop .....................: 1.7 2.9 460 13 1,063 13 7 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.2 3.8 53 2 129 16 4 : First intentions ...........: 2.3 4.0 58 8 145 15 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1 ....................: 77,629 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 75,725 2019 1964 September 1 ................: 78,583 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1 ....................: 71,254 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 69,316 2019 1964 September 1 ................: 72,153 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 72,187 2019 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,734 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 34,454 2019 1970 June-August ................: 36,369 2019 1970 September-November .........: 36,007 2019 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.00 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 11.00 2019 1970 June-August ................: 11.11 2019 1970 September-November .........: 11.09 2019 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Heidi Lanouette - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ..... (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ............ (202) 720-4448 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. 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