Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released September 24, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 1 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2020 was 79.1 million head. This was up 1 percent from September 1, 2019, but down 1 percent from June 1, 2020. Breeding inventory, at 6.33 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, but up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 72.8 million head, was up 1 percent from last year, but down 1 percent from last quarter. The June-August 2020 pig crop, at 35.1 million head, was down 3 percent from 2019. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.18 million head, down 3 percent from 2019. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 50 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.04 for the June-August period, compared to 11.11 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.12 million sows farrow during the September-November 2020 quarter, down 5 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 3 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for December 2020- February 2021, at 3.11 million sows, are down 1 percent from the same period one year earlier, but up slightly from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 47 percent of the total United States hog inventory, down 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2019 through June 2020 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. There were no revisions made to previous quarters. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on September 24, 2020. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2019 and 2020.............. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2018-2021................................ 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2019 and 2020.. 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020................ 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020..................... 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2019 and 2020................. 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2019 and 2020...................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2019 and 2020............ 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2019 and 2020................. 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019............. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019.................. 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2019-2021... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2019 and 2020....... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2019 and 2020..... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2018-2020.. 11 Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates.................................................................. 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 13 Information Contacts.................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2020 as Item : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : of 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory ......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,661 77,629 104 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,349 6,375 100 Market .............................: 68,313 71,254 104 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,373 22,221 104 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,168 19,853 104 120-179 pounds .....................: 15,001 15,386 103 180 pounds and over ................: 12,771 13,793 108 : June 1 inventory .......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 75,725 79,634 105 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,410 6,326 99 Market .............................: 69,316 73,308 106 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,210 22,160 100 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,693 20,370 103 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,396 16,090 112 180 pounds and over ................: 13,017 14,687 113 : September 1 inventory ..................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 78,583 79,099 101 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,431 6,333 98 Market .............................: 72,153 72,766 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 23,376 22,559 97 50-119 pounds ......................: 21,224 20,490 97 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,654 15,547 106 180 pounds and over ................: 12,899 14,169 110 : December 1 inventory ...................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 79,048 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,471 Market .............................: 72,577 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,648 50-119 pounds ......................: 20,691 120-179 pounds .....................: 15,321 180 pounds and over ................: 13,916 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2018-2021 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2020 as percent of : 2021 as Item : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 :-------------------------: percent : : : : : 2018 : 2019 : of 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February 2/ ...: 2,977 3,099 3,158 3,111 106 102 99 March-May ..............: 3,064 3,133 3,172 104 101 December-May 1/ ........: 6,041 6,233 6,330 105 102 : June-August ............: 3,172 3,275 3,180 100 97 September-November 3/ ..: 3,205 3,265 3,118 97 95 June-November 1/ 4/ ....: 6,377 6,540 6,298 99 96 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 31,497 33,163 34,734 110 105 March-May ..............: 32,556 34,454 34,933 107 101 December-May 1/ ........: 64,053 67,617 69,668 109 103 : June-August ............: 34,019 36,369 35,115 103 97 September-November .....: 34,496 36,205 June-November 1/ .......: 68,515 72,575 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 10.58 10.70 11.00 104 103 March-May ..............: 10.63 11.00 11.01 104 100 December-May ...........: 10.60 10.85 11.01 104 101 : June-August ............: 10.72 11.11 11.04 103 99 September-November .....: 10.76 11.09 June-November ..........: 10.74 11.10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2021. 3/ Intentions for 2020. 4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2019 and 2020 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,041 1,080 10.72 10.98 11,153 11,854 January ........: 1,037 1,051 10.68 11.00 11,070 11,564 February .......: 1,022 1,027 10.71 11.01 10,939 11,316 March ..........: 1,075 1,070 10.85 10.96 11,662 11,733 April ..........: 1,027 1,056 11.01 11.03 11,310 11,653 May ............: 1,032 1,045 11.13 11.05 11,482 11,548 June ...........: 1,115 1,073 11.02 10.93 12,294 11,724 July ...........: 1,086 1,059 11.10 11.03 12,048 11,686 August .........: 1,074 1,048 11.20 11.17 12,027 11,706 September ......: 1,121 11.00 12,329 October ........: 1,086 11.10 12,055 November .......: 1,058 11.17 11,821 : Total ..........: 12,773 10.98 140,192 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2020 as: : :2020 as: : :2020 as : 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent : : :of 2019: : :of 2019: : :of 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 645 585 91 800 740 93 Illinois ........: 560 580 104 4,690 4,820 103 5,250 5,400 103 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,940 3,900 99 4,200 4,150 99 Iowa ............: 1,030 980 95 22,670 23,620 104 23,700 24,600 104 Kansas ..........: 170 180 106 1,880 1,920 102 2,050 2,100 102 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,110 1,130 102 1,230 1,250 102 Minnesota .......: 580 560 97 8,220 8,740 106 8,800 9,300 106 Missouri ........: 470 470 100 3,080 3,280 106 3,550 3,750 106 Nebraska ........: 450 440 98 3,150 3,360 107 3,600 3,800 106 North Carolina ..: 900 870 97 8,100 8,330 103 9,000 9,200 102 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,460 2,600 106 2,650 2,800 106 Oklahoma ........: 450 450 100 1,720 1,810 105 2,170 2,260 104 Pennsylvania ....: 120 150 125 1,150 1,210 105 1,270 1,360 107 South Dakota ....: 245 285 116 1,595 1,745 109 1,840 2,030 110 Texas ...........: 150 155 103 940 965 103 1,090 1,120 103 Utah ............: 80 80 100 670 870 130 750 950 127 : Other States 1/ .: 419 450 108 2,293 2,369 103 2,711 2,819 104 : United States ...: 6,349 6,375 100 68,313 71,254 104 74,661 77,629 104 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2019 and 2020 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 290 290 135 110 105 70 115 115 Illinois ........: 1,415 1,370 1,555 1,605 1,000 1,045 720 800 Indiana .........: 1,040 980 1,100 1,100 920 950 880 870 Iowa ............: 5,510 5,920 7,510 7,530 5,630 5,540 4,020 4,630 Kansas ..........: 480 460 440 500 395 390 565 570 Michigan ........: 330 340 300 305 225 230 255 255 Minnesota .......: 2,590 2,830 2,400 2,560 1,890 1,920 1,340 1,430 Missouri ........: 1,555 1,520 560 670 505 595 460 495 Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,140 880 905 690 710 520 605 North Carolina ..: 3,190 3,210 1,700 1,810 1,590 1,700 1,620 1,610 : Ohio ............: 720 750 640 690 520 580 580 580 Oklahoma ........: 800 830 360 365 210 250 350 365 Pennsylvania ....: 315 340 325 355 245 250 265 265 South Dakota ....: 590 695 390 395 320 345 295 310 Texas ...........: 275 280 260 275 180 185 225 225 Utah ............: 295 325 120 180 130 180 125 185 : Other States 1/ .: 918 941 493 498 446 446 436 483 : United States ...: 21,373 22,221 19,168 19,853 15,001 15,386 12,771 13,793 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2020 as: : :2020 as: : :2020 as : 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent : : :of 2019: : :of 2019: : :of 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 160 155 97 620 575 93 780 730 94 Illinois ........: 590 570 97 4,760 4,930 104 5,350 5,500 103 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,040 4,300 106 4,300 4,550 106 Iowa ............: 1,000 960 96 22,900 24,240 106 23,900 25,200 105 Kansas ..........: 175 180 103 1,845 2,020 109 2,020 2,200 109 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,130 1,070 95 1,250 1,190 95 Minnesota .......: 570 550 96 8,230 9,050 110 8,800 9,600 109 Missouri ........: 480 475 99 3,170 3,425 108 3,650 3,900 107 Nebraska ........: 460 440 96 3,290 3,410 104 3,750 3,850 103 North Carolina ..: 900 880 98 8,300 8,520 103 9,200 9,400 102 : Ohio ............: 200 210 105 2,550 2,690 105 2,750 2,900 105 Oklahoma ........: 445 460 103 1,715 1,720 100 2,160 2,180 101 Pennsylvania ....: 120 150 125 1,100 1,270 115 1,220 1,420 116 South Dakota ....: 265 280 106 1,605 1,790 112 1,870 2,070 111 Texas ...........: 155 130 84 935 920 98 1,090 1,050 96 Utah ............: 80 80 100 750 910 121 830 990 119 : Other States 1/ .: 430 436 102 2,376 2,468 104 2,805 2,904 104 : United States ...: 6,410 6,326 99 69,316 73,308 106 75,725 79,634 105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2019 and 2020 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 295 280 130 105 100 80 95 110 Illinois ........: 1,465 1,410 1,530 1,575 945 1,085 820 860 Indiana .........: 1,090 1,010 1,180 1,330 840 970 930 990 Iowa ............: 5,920 5,790 7,520 7,670 5,430 5,900 4,030 4,880 Kansas ..........: 460 510 490 485 385 400 510 625 Michigan ........: 320 310 320 300 230 220 260 240 Minnesota .......: 2,630 2,800 2,590 2,590 1,730 2,000 1,280 1,660 Missouri ........: 1,590 1,700 530 575 525 640 525 510 Nebraska ........: 1,135 1,160 875 885 630 710 650 655 North Carolina ..: 3,370 3,100 1,830 1,940 1,500 1,770 1,600 1,710 : Ohio ............: 730 720 660 700 590 620 570 650 Oklahoma ........: 800 770 365 380 220 230 330 340 Pennsylvania ....: 305 380 345 385 235 270 215 235 South Dakota ....: 580 725 430 425 290 345 305 295 Texas ...........: 285 220 235 295 145 185 270 220 Utah ............: 325 365 150 180 140 180 135 185 : Other States 1/ .: 910 910 513 550 461 485 492 522 : United States ...: 22,210 22,160 19,693 20,370 14,396 16,090 13,017 14,687 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2020 as: : :2020 as: : :2020 as : 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent: 2019 : 2020 :percent : : :of 2019: : :of 2019: : :of 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 160 165 103 630 485 77 790 650 82 Illinois ........: 590 580 98 4,910 4,820 98 5,500 5,400 98 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,200 101 4,400 4,450 101 Iowa ............: 1,010 980 97 23,990 24,120 101 25,000 25,100 100 Kansas ..........: 175 175 100 1,915 1,915 100 2,090 2,090 100 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,120 1,100 98 1,240 1,220 98 Minnesota .......: 580 530 91 8,620 8,670 101 9,200 9,200 100 Missouri ........: 490 470 96 3,160 3,530 112 3,650 4,000 110 Nebraska ........: 450 430 96 3,350 3,370 101 3,800 3,800 100 North Carolina ..: 900 870 97 8,700 8,730 100 9,600 9,600 100 : Ohio ............: 200 220 110 2,600 2,750 106 2,800 2,970 106 Oklahoma ........: 460 450 98 1,790 1,650 92 2,250 2,100 93 Pennsylvania ....: 120 150 125 1,140 1,290 113 1,260 1,440 114 South Dakota ....: 265 285 108 1,735 1,765 102 2,000 2,050 103 Texas ...........: 155 140 90 1,045 920 88 1,200 1,060 88 Utah ............: 80 85 106 880 955 109 960 1,040 108 : Other States 1/ .: 426 433 102 2,418 2,496 103 2,843 2,929 103 : United States ...: 6,431 6,333 98 72,153 72,766 101 78,583 79,099 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2019 and 2020 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 305 260 130 100 95 50 100 75 Illinois ........: 1,510 1,380 1,650 1,530 900 1,080 850 830 Indiana .........: 1,110 1,030 1,230 1,370 860 830 950 970 Iowa ............: 6,360 6,290 8,010 7,630 5,520 5,730 4,100 4,470 Kansas ..........: 490 490 510 465 375 420 540 540 Michigan ........: 310 320 310 300 225 230 275 250 Minnesota .......: 2,950 2,650 2,850 2,620 1,710 1,870 1,110 1,530 Missouri ........: 1,530 1,600 590 690 545 690 495 550 Nebraska ........: 1,190 1,140 890 880 670 710 600 640 North Carolina ..: 3,440 3,250 2,140 2,030 1,580 1,710 1,540 1,740 : Ohio ............: 780 720 690 710 540 610 590 710 Oklahoma ........: 805 755 465 360 225 190 295 345 Pennsylvania ....: 315 355 330 410 265 275 230 250 South Dakota ....: 655 700 450 435 305 320 325 310 Texas ...........: 345 300 290 220 185 140 225 260 Utah ............: 355 370 175 195 175 195 175 195 : Other States 1/ .: 926 949 514 545 479 497 499 504 : United States ...: 23,376 22,559 21,224 20,490 14,654 15,547 12,899 14,169 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 595 605 102 750 760 101 Illinois ........: 560 590 105 4,840 4,910 101 5,400 5,500 102 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,990 4,200 105 4,250 4,450 105 Iowa ............: 1,020 1,010 99 22,580 24,090 107 23,600 25,100 106 Kansas ..........: 170 180 106 1,880 1,980 105 2,050 2,160 105 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,060 1,120 106 1,180 1,240 105 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 8,530 8,930 105 9,100 9,500 104 Missouri ........: 470 490 104 3,180 2,910 92 3,650 3,400 93 Nebraska ........: 440 440 100 3,110 3,410 110 3,550 3,850 108 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,300 8,600 104 9,200 9,500 103 : Ohio ............: 200 210 105 2,350 2,740 117 2,550 2,950 116 Oklahoma ........: 445 450 101 1,755 1,830 104 2,200 2,280 104 Pennsylvania ....: 120 140 117 1,190 1,190 100 1,310 1,330 102 South Dakota ....: 255 280 110 1,495 1,730 116 1,750 2,010 115 Texas ...........: 150 155 103 960 985 103 1,110 1,140 103 Utah ............: 80 80 100 630 880 140 710 960 135 : Other States 1/ .: 411 451 110 2,300 2,467 107 2,710 2,918 108 : United States ...: 6,326 6,471 102 68,745 72,577 106 75,070 79,048 105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 270 280 125 130 85 100 115 95 Illinois ........: 1,555 1,485 1,525 1,630 910 975 850 820 Indiana .........: 1,035 1,130 1,225 1,170 820 930 910 970 Iowa ............: 5,650 6,040 7,450 7,720 5,260 5,750 4,220 4,580 Kansas ..........: 455 475 515 475 380 420 530 610 Michigan ........: 320 340 280 310 210 220 250 250 Minnesota .......: 2,880 2,850 2,510 2,770 1,830 1,860 1,310 1,450 Missouri ........: 1,625 1,270 575 620 510 540 470 480 Nebraska ........: 1,065 1,200 805 875 610 650 630 685 North Carolina ..: 3,290 3,400 1,780 2,030 1,600 1,610 1,630 1,560 : Ohio ............: 670 840 610 760 520 550 550 590 Oklahoma ........: 755 780 390 475 280 260 330 315 Pennsylvania ....: 335 305 335 340 265 275 255 270 South Dakota ....: 575 680 365 400 285 330 270 320 Texas ...........: 270 300 260 275 170 170 260 240 Utah ............: 240 320 125 185 135 185 130 190 : Other States 1/ .: 868 953 494 526 453 496 485 491 : United States ...: 21,858 22,648 19,369 20,691 14,323 15,321 13,195 13,916 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2019-2021 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2021 as : : : : : 2020 as State : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 2/ : percent : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : : of 2020 : : : : : of 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 78 72 75 104 9.20 10.30 718 742 103 Illinois ...........: 270 290 280 97 10.65 10.95 2,876 3,176 110 Indiana ............: 125 120 125 104 10.20 10.60 1,275 1,272 100 Iowa ...............: 530 520 520 100 11.20 11.25 5,936 5,850 99 Kansas .............: 86 87 84 97 10.60 10.40 912 905 99 Michigan ...........: 56 57 53 93 10.90 11.10 610 633 104 Minnesota ..........: 300 300 255 85 11.60 11.85 3,480 3,555 102 Missouri ...........: 245 250 245 98 10.55 11.00 2,585 2,750 106 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 180 95 11.55 11.60 2,137 2,204 103 North Carolina .....: 455 450 450 100 9.90 10.50 4,505 4,725 105 : Ohio ...............: 93 100 103 103 10.70 11.00 995 1,100 111 Oklahoma ...........: 205 210 210 100 10.65 10.40 2,183 2,184 100 Pennsylvania .......: 55 53 54 102 10.80 11.00 594 583 98 South Dakota .......: 119 141 143 101 11.85 12.10 1,410 1,706 121 Texas ..............: 66 69 71 103 10.20 10.35 673 714 106 Utah ...............: 40 40 45 113 9.20 11.00 368 440 120 : Other States 3/ ....: 191 209 218 104 9.96 10.49 1,906 2,195 115 : United States ......: 3,099 3,158 3,111 99 10.70 11.00 33,163 34,734 105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2020 as : 2019 : 2020 : percent : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 78 74 95 10.70 10.10 835 747 89 Illinois ...........: 275 275 100 10.75 10.80 2,956 2,970 100 Indiana ............: 120 125 104 10.70 10.60 1,284 1,325 103 Iowa ...............: 530 510 96 11.45 11.40 6,069 5,814 96 Kansas .............: 86 89 103 10.70 10.70 920 952 103 Michigan ...........: 54 54 100 11.00 10.60 594 572 96 Minnesota ..........: 295 300 102 11.85 11.70 3,496 3,510 100 Missouri ...........: 242 255 105 10.65 11.00 2,577 2,805 109 Nebraska ...........: 200 200 100 11.50 11.10 2,300 2,220 97 North Carolina .....: 460 460 100 10.50 10.60 4,830 4,876 101 : Ohio ...............: 98 98 100 11.20 11.10 1,098 1,088 99 Oklahoma ...........: 215 215 100 10.55 10.80 2,268 2,322 102 Pennsylvania .......: 54 57 106 11.10 11.10 599 633 106 South Dakota .......: 123 140 114 11.95 12.30 1,470 1,722 117 Texas ..............: 66 68 103 10.50 11.00 693 748 108 Utah ...............: 43 43 100 10.70 10.80 460 464 101 : Other States 2/ ....: 194 209 107 10.32 10.37 2,005 2,165 108 : United States ......: 3,133 3,172 101 11.00 11.01 34,454 34,933 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2019 and 2020 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2020 as State : 2019 : 2020 : percent : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : percent : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 79 79 100 10.70 10.00 845 790 93 Illinois ........: 290 285 98 10.95 10.70 3,176 3,050 96 Indiana .........: 120 125 104 11.00 11.30 1,320 1,413 107 Iowa ............: 550 530 96 11.35 11.30 6,243 5,989 96 Kansas ..........: 90 88 98 10.90 10.70 981 942 96 Michigan ........: 55 54 98 11.10 11.40 611 616 101 Minnesota .......: 300 280 93 11.95 11.80 3,585 3,304 92 Missouri ........: 260 255 98 11.10 11.20 2,886 2,856 99 Nebraska ........: 194 180 93 11.65 11.70 2,260 2,106 93 North Carolina ..: 500 480 96 10.50 10.50 5,250 5,040 96 : Ohio ............: 102 103 101 11.30 10.50 1,153 1,082 94 Oklahoma ........: 230 215 93 10.90 10.80 2,507 2,322 93 Pennsylvania ....: 51 56 110 11.30 11.10 576 622 108 South Dakota ....: 129 143 111 11.85 12.20 1,529 1,745 114 Texas ...........: 71 61 86 10.90 10.60 774 647 84 Utah ............: 44 43 98 11.00 11.00 484 473 98 : Other States 2/ .: 210 203 97 10.44 10.43 2,189 2,118 97 : United States ...: 3,275 3,180 97 11.11 11.04 36,369 35,115 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2018-2020 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2020 as : : : : : 2019 as : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 2/ : percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : : of 2019 : : : : : of 2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 75 76 69 91 9.60 10.60 720 806 112 Illinois ...........: 280 285 280 98 10.65 10.95 2,982 3,121 105 Indiana ............: 130 125 125 100 10.60 10.50 1,378 1,313 95 Iowa ...............: 570 540 520 96 11.20 11.35 6,384 6,129 96 Kansas .............: 85 92 87 95 10.90 10.75 927 989 107 Michigan ...........: 54 56 55 98 10.50 10.85 567 608 107 Minnesota ..........: 310 310 270 87 11.40 11.85 3,534 3,674 104 Missouri ...........: 255 265 245 92 10.60 11.10 2,703 2,942 109 Nebraska ...........: 195 195 185 95 11.45 11.70 2,233 2,282 102 North Carolina .....: 475 480 445 93 10.15 10.55 4,821 5,064 105 : Ohio ...............: 99 104 110 106 10.60 11.40 1,049 1,186 113 Oklahoma ...........: 205 220 215 98 10.60 10.85 2,173 2,387 110 Pennsylvania .......: 52 57 57 100 11.00 11.20 572 638 112 South Dakota .......: 127 138 144 104 11.65 12.00 1,480 1,656 112 Texas ..............: 67 68 62 91 10.40 10.40 697 707 101 Utah ...............: 37 41 41 100 10.00 11.50 370 472 128 : Other States 3/ ....: 189 213 208 98 10.09 10.47 1,906 2,231 117 : United States ......: 3,205 3,265 3,118 95 10.76 11.09 34,496 36,205 105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 5,000 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of September 2020, data were collected from about 3,500 operations, 68.5 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, and telephone. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of September 1, 2020. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 79.1 million head by more than 1.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.7 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.0 1.7 573 0 1,710 10 8 : Pig crop .....................: 1.7 2.9 425 0 1,104 11 7 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.3 4.0 56 2 129 17 3 : First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 59 8 145 16 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs ............: March 1 ....................: 77,629 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 79,634 2020 1964 September 1 ................: 79,099 2020 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market .......................: March 1 ....................: 71,254 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 73,308 2020 1964 September 1 ................: 72,766 2020 1988 December 1 .................: 72,577 2019 1963 : Pig crop .....................: December-February1/ ........: 34,734 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 34,933 2020 1970 June-August ................: 36,369 2019 1970 September-November .........: 36,205 2019 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter ..............: December-February1/ ........: 11.00 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 11.01 2020 1970 June-August ................: 11.11 2019 1970 September-November .........: 11.09 2019 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed .......... (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ............ (202) 720-4448 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. 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