Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released March 28, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 2 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 2019 was 74.3 million head. This was up 2 percent from March 1, 2018, but down slightly from December 1, 2018. Breeding inventory, at 6.35 million head, was up 2 percent from last year, and up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 67.9 million head, was up 2 percent from last year, but down slightly from last quarter. The December-February 2019 pig crop, at 33.0 million head, was up 3 percent from 2018. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.08 million head, up 2 percent from 2018. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was a record high of 10.70 for the December-February period, compared to 10.58 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.12 million sows farrow during the March-May 2019 quarter, up 1 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period in 2018, and up 3 percent from 2017. Intended farrowings for June-August 2019, at 3.19 million sows, are down slightly from 2018, but up 3 percent from 2017. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 47 percent of the total United States hog inventory, unchanged from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 2018 through December 2018 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The net revision made to the September 2018 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.5 percent. A revision of 0.5 percent was made to the June-August 2018 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on March 28, 2019. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2018 and 2019................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2017-2019................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2018 and 2019..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2018 and 2019.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2017-2019.............. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2017-2019............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2017 and 2018........................................................................... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of March 1 Hog Estimates....................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2019 as Item : 2018 : 2019 : percent : : : of 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 72,748 74,296 102 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,210 6,349 102 Market .............................: 66,538 67,948 102 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,942 21,456 102 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,212 18,639 102 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,996 15,268 102 180 pounds and over ................: 12,387 12,585 102 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 72,866 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,320 Market .............................: 66,546 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,327 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,083 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,988 180 pounds and over ................: 12,147 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 75,136 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,330 Market .............................: 68,806 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 22,192 50-119 pounds ......................: 20,357 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,066 180 pounds and over ................: 12,190 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,550 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,326 Market .............................: 68,225 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,599 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,932 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,412 180 pounds and over ................: 13,282 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2017-2019 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : :2019 as percent of Item : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 :------------------- : : : : 2017 : 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ------------ -- percent -- Sows farrowing : December-February ....: 2,990 3,034 3,084 103 102 March-May 1/ .........: 3,018 3,100 3,119 103 101 December-May 2/ 3/ ...: 6,007 6,134 6,203 103 101 : June-August 1/ .......: 3,106 3,200 3,191 103 100 September-November ...: 3,103 3,158 June-November 3/ .....: 6,209 6,358 : Pig crop : December-February ....: 31,187 32,101 32,999 106 103 March-May ............: 31,839 32,942 December-May 3/ ......: 63,025 65,042 : June-August ..........: 33,075 34,320 September-November ...: 33,328 33,978 June-November 3/ .....: 66,402 68,298 : : -------------- number ------------- -- percent -- : Pigs per litter : December-February ....: 10.43 10.58 10.70 103 101 March-May ............: 10.55 10.63 December-May .........: 10.49 10.60 : June-August ..........: 10.65 10.72 September-November ...: 10.74 10.76 June-November ........: 10.69 10.74 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intentions for 2019. 2/ Actual farrowings for December 2018-February 2019 plus intentions for March-May 2019. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2018 and 2019 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,026 1,036 10.62 10.72 10,894 11,098 January ........: 1,016 1,032 10.49 10.68 10,661 11,016 February .......: 992 1,017 10.63 10.71 10,546 10,885 March ..........: 1,062 10.59 11,245 April ..........: 1,013 10.52 10,658 May ............: 1,025 10.77 11,038 June ...........: 1,085 10.62 11,523 July ...........: 1,054 10.65 11,229 August .........: 1,062 10.90 11,569 September ......: 1,087 10.65 11,576 October ........: 1,041 10.84 11,289 November .......: 1,029 10.80 11,113 : Total ..........: 12,492 10.67 133,341 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as: : :2019 as: : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent: 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018: : :of 2018: : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 625 635 102 780 790 101 Illinois ........: 550 560 102 4,750 4,640 98 5,300 5,200 98 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 3,790 3,890 103 4,050 4,150 102 Iowa ............: 1,020 1,030 101 21,580 22,470 104 22,600 23,500 104 Kansas ..........: 160 170 106 1,900 1,870 98 2,060 2,040 99 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,080 1,090 101 1,200 1,210 101 Minnesota .......: 570 580 102 7,930 8,120 102 8,500 8,700 102 Missouri ........: 455 470 103 2,995 3,030 101 3,450 3,500 101 Nebraska ........: 420 450 107 3,030 3,100 102 3,450 3,550 103 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,000 8,000 100 8,900 8,900 100 : Ohio ............: 190 190 100 2,460 2,410 98 2,650 2,600 98 Oklahoma ........: 445 450 101 1,725 1,720 100 2,170 2,170 100 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,100 1,120 102 1,210 1,240 102 South Dakota ....: 235 245 104 1,425 1,585 111 1,660 1,830 110 Texas ...........: 145 150 103 975 930 95 1,120 1,080 96 Utah ............: 75 80 107 430 670 156 505 750 149 : Other States 1/ .: 400 419 105 2,743 2,668 97 3,143 3,086 98 : United States ...: 6,210 6,349 102 66,538 67,948 102 72,748 74,296 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2018 and 2019 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 285 290 120 125 105 105 115 115 Illinois ........: 1,465 1,435 1,465 1,515 980 1,000 840 690 Indiana .........: 965 990 1,140 1,100 860 920 825 880 Iowa ............: 5,490 5,610 6,670 7,210 5,460 5,780 3,960 3,870 Kansas ..........: 405 480 540 430 410 395 545 565 Michigan ........: 320 330 265 280 245 220 250 260 Minnesota .......: 2,630 2,590 2,360 2,300 1,790 1,950 1,150 1,280 Missouri ........: 1,455 1,525 560 540 530 505 450 460 Nebraska ........: 1,040 1,060 775 850 670 670 545 520 North Carolina ..: 3,240 3,190 1,720 1,650 1,710 1,590 1,330 1,570 : Ohio ............: 680 700 610 610 600 520 570 580 Oklahoma ........: 735 800 335 360 260 210 395 350 Pennsylvania ....: 290 305 305 305 270 245 235 265 South Dakota ....: 510 590 370 380 280 310 265 305 Texas ...........: 270 265 270 260 185 180 250 225 Utah ............: 155 295 90 120 95 130 90 125 : Other States 1/ .: 1,007 1,001 617 604 546 538 572 525 : United States ...: 20,942 21,456 18,212 18,639 14,996 15,268 12,387 12,585 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 565 605 107 720 760 106 Illinois ........: 530 570 108 4,720 4,780 101 5,250 5,350 102 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,740 3,700 99 4,000 3,950 99 Iowa ............: 1,030 1,040 101 20,970 21,560 103 22,000 22,600 103 Kansas ..........: 160 165 103 1,800 1,875 104 1,960 2,040 104 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,000 1,080 108 1,110 1,200 108 Minnesota .......: 570 580 102 8,030 7,920 99 8,600 8,500 99 Missouri ........: 440 460 105 2,810 3,040 108 3,250 3,500 108 Nebraska ........: 420 430 102 2,980 3,070 103 3,400 3,500 103 North Carolina ..: 880 910 103 8,120 7,990 98 9,000 8,900 99 : Ohio ............: 190 190 100 2,360 2,460 104 2,550 2,650 104 Oklahoma ........: 450 460 102 1,560 1,690 108 2,010 2,150 107 Pennsylvania ....: 105 120 114 1,085 1,170 108 1,190 1,290 108 South Dakota ....: 200 240 120 1,290 1,440 112 1,490 1,680 113 Texas ...........: 125 145 116 785 995 127 910 1,140 125 Utah ............: 75 80 107 605 450 74 680 530 78 : Other States 1/ .: 409 405 99 2,681 2,721 101 3,090 3,126 101 : United States ...: 6,109 6,320 103 65,101 66,546 102 71,210 72,866 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 255 290 120 120 100 95 90 100 Illinois ........: 1,430 1,550 1,530 1,460 930 930 830 840 Indiana .........: 920 940 1,170 1,150 790 780 860 830 Iowa ............: 5,450 5,560 6,950 7,080 4,950 5,200 3,620 3,720 Kansas ..........: 480 420 490 515 355 375 475 565 Michigan ........: 290 310 240 290 245 220 225 260 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,610 2,440 2,430 1,660 1,760 1,320 1,120 Missouri ........: 1,360 1,505 580 590 435 475 435 470 Nebraska ........: 1,005 1,050 785 840 615 600 575 580 North Carolina ..: 3,290 3,370 1,880 1,840 1,490 1,450 1,460 1,330 : Ohio ............: 720 670 650 630 550 580 440 580 Oklahoma ........: 685 785 340 400 230 215 305 290 Pennsylvania ....: 285 310 345 355 280 250 175 255 South Dakota ....: 455 510 345 380 240 270 250 280 Texas ...........: 165 300 235 275 175 165 210 255 Utah ............: 245 175 120 90 130 90 110 95 : Other States 1/ .: 1,002 972 621 638 521 533 537 577 : United States ...: 20,647 21,327 18,841 19,083 13,696 13,988 11,917 12,147 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 160 155 97 600 625 104 760 780 103 Illinois ........: 540 570 106 4,860 4,880 100 5,400 5,450 101 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,840 3,950 103 4,100 4,200 102 Iowa ............: 980 1,040 106 21,720 22,560 104 22,700 23,600 104 Kansas ..........: 165 170 103 1,845 1,860 101 2,010 2,030 101 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,070 1,100 103 1,190 1,220 103 Minnesota .......: 550 580 105 7,850 8,020 102 8,400 8,600 102 Missouri ........: 440 465 106 3,060 3,285 107 3,500 3,750 107 Nebraska ........: 410 430 105 3,090 3,020 98 3,500 3,450 99 North Carolina ..: 900 910 101 8,400 8,390 100 9,300 9,300 100 : Ohio ............: 180 190 106 2,420 2,360 98 2,600 2,550 98 Oklahoma ........: 455 460 101 1,735 1,820 105 2,190 2,280 104 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,100 1,190 108 1,210 1,310 108 South Dakota ....: 215 245 114 1,325 1,475 111 1,540 1,720 112 Texas ...........: 135 145 107 895 985 110 1,030 1,130 110 Utah ............: 80 80 100 600 525 88 680 605 89 : Other States 1/ .: 417 400 96 2,782 2,761 99 3,199 3,161 99 : United States ...: 6,117 6,330 103 67,192 68,806 102 73,309 75,136 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 275 305 125 150 105 95 95 75 Illinois ........: 1,505 1,570 1,620 1,580 930 890 805 840 Indiana .........: 1,050 990 1,180 1,240 780 870 830 850 Iowa ............: 5,670 5,900 7,250 7,750 5,100 5,210 3,700 3,700 Kansas ..........: 475 445 510 530 360 385 500 500 Michigan ........: 310 330 260 290 250 220 250 260 Minnesota .......: 2,630 2,720 2,550 2,530 1,550 1,700 1,120 1,070 Missouri ........: 1,485 1,605 640 640 460 530 475 510 Nebraska ........: 1,015 1,010 835 865 600 570 640 575 North Carolina ..: 3,400 3,450 1,950 2,000 1,550 1,520 1,500 1,420 : Ohio ............: 700 650 685 640 540 500 495 570 Oklahoma ........: 770 845 440 385 265 230 260 360 Pennsylvania ....: 305 325 340 340 275 270 180 255 South Dakota ....: 450 520 365 405 260 275 250 275 Texas ...........: 235 310 255 275 160 150 245 250 Utah ............: 235 220 125 105 130 105 110 95 : Other States 1/ .: 1,023 997 627 632 559 546 573 585 : United States ...: 21,533 22,192 19,757 20,357 13,874 14,066 12,028 12,190 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : : 2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 : percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : : of 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 150 155 103 600 595 99 750 750 100 Illinois ........: 530 560 106 4,870 4,740 97 5,400 5,300 98 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 3,740 3,940 105 4,000 4,200 105 Iowa ............: 1,000 1,020 102 21,800 22,280 102 22,800 23,300 102 Kansas ..........: 165 170 103 1,945 1,880 97 2,110 2,050 97 Michigan ........: 120 120 100 1,070 1,060 99 1,190 1,180 99 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 7,930 8,330 105 8,500 8,900 105 Missouri ........: 450 470 104 2,950 3,080 104 3,400 3,550 104 Nebraska ........: 430 440 102 3,170 3,060 97 3,600 3,500 97 North Carolina ..: 900 900 100 8,100 8,200 101 9,000 9,100 101 : Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,510 2,350 94 2,700 2,550 94 Oklahoma ........: 460 445 97 1,740 1,755 101 2,200 2,200 100 Pennsylvania ....: 110 120 109 1,130 1,190 105 1,240 1,310 106 South Dakota ....: 215 255 119 1,345 1,485 110 1,560 1,740 112 Texas ...........: 140 150 107 910 960 105 1,050 1,110 106 Utah ............: 80 80 100 470 630 134 550 710 129 : Other States 1/ .: 409 411 100 2,686 2,690 100 3,095 3,100 100 : United States ...: 6,179 6,326 102 66,966 68,225 102 73,145 74,550 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 255 270 130 125 115 85 100 115 Illinois ........: 1,550 1,480 1,480 1,500 920 910 920 850 Indiana .........: 980 1,010 1,040 1,200 775 820 945 910 Iowa ............: 5,800 5,700 6,870 7,100 5,080 5,260 4,050 4,220 Kansas ..........: 475 455 520 515 425 380 525 530 Michigan ........: 330 320 240 280 245 210 255 250 Minnesota .......: 2,720 2,790 2,350 2,400 1,600 1,830 1,260 1,310 Missouri ........: 1,450 1,550 560 550 445 510 495 470 Nebraska ........: 1,030 1,030 840 790 640 610 660 630 North Carolina ..: 3,190 3,190 1,790 1,780 1,570 1,600 1,550 1,630 : Ohio ............: 740 670 660 610 560 520 550 550 Oklahoma ........: 735 760 430 385 230 280 345 330 Pennsylvania ....: 305 335 335 335 250 265 240 255 South Dakota ....: 460 565 365 365 270 285 250 270 Texas ...........: 240 270 240 260 180 170 250 260 Utah ............: 185 240 85 125 100 135 100 130 : Other States 1/ .: 962 964 609 612 520 542 594 572 : United States ...: 21,407 21,599 18,544 18,932 13,925 14,412 13,089 13,282 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2018 and 2019 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2019 as : : : : :2019 as : 2018 : 2019 :percent : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 :percent : : :of 2018 : : : : :of 2018 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent --- number --- 1,000 head percent : Colorado ........: 72 78 108 9.70 9.20 698 718 103 Illinois ........: 260 265 102 10.60 10.65 2,756 2,822 102 Indiana .........: 130 125 96 10.45 10.20 1,359 1,275 94 Iowa ............: 550 530 96 11.00 11.20 6,050 5,936 98 Kansas ..........: 79 86 109 10.20 10.60 806 912 113 Michigan ........: 53 56 106 10.70 10.90 567 610 108 Minnesota .......: 295 290 98 11.20 11.60 3,304 3,364 102 Missouri ........: 225 240 107 10.15 10.55 2,284 2,532 111 Nebraska ........: 180 185 103 11.70 11.55 2,106 2,137 101 North Carolina ..: 445 450 101 9.90 9.90 4,406 4,455 101 : Ohio ............: 91 91 100 10.80 10.70 983 974 99 Oklahoma ........: 200 205 103 10.60 10.65 2,120 2,183 103 Pennsylvania ....: 48 54 113 10.60 10.80 509 583 115 South Dakota ....: 113 118 104 11.45 11.85 1,294 1,398 108 Texas ...........: 60 66 110 9.90 10.20 594 673 113 Utah ............: 36 40 111 7.70 9.20 277 368 133 : Other States 2/ .: 197 205 104 10.08 10.05 1,988 2,059 104 : United States ...: 3,034 3,084 102 10.58 10.70 32,101 32,999 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2017-2019 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2018 as : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 2/ : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 77 75 73 97 10.40 9.60 801 720 90 Illinois ...........: 255 275 270 98 10.55 10.70 2,690 2,943 109 Indiana ............: 135 115 130 113 10.50 10.30 1,418 1,185 84 Iowa ...............: 510 560 530 95 10.95 11.10 5,585 6,216 111 Kansas .............: 81 76 85 112 10.00 10.10 810 768 95 Michigan ...........: 51 53 55 104 10.50 10.90 536 578 108 Minnesota ..........: 300 310 295 95 11.40 11.20 3,420 3,472 102 Missouri ...........: 220 240 250 104 10.25 10.20 2,255 2,448 109 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 195 103 11.45 11.30 2,118 2,147 101 North Carolina .....: 470 455 465 102 10.00 10.10 4,700 4,596 98 : Ohio ...............: 97 88 92 105 10.60 11.00 1,028 968 94 Oklahoma ...........: 195 205 205 100 10.60 10.70 2,067 2,194 106 Pennsylvania .......: 51 50 53 106 10.50 10.50 536 525 98 South Dakota .......: 102 110 118 107 11.40 11.70 1,163 1,287 111 Texas ..............: 50 64 66 103 7.30 9.80 365 627 172 Utah ...............: 39 34 40 118 9.00 7.60 351 258 74 : Other States 3/ ....: 200 200 197 98 10.00 10.06 1,996 2,010 101 : United States ......: 3,018 3,100 3,119 101 10.55 10.63 31,839 32,942 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2017-2019 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 as : : : : : 2018 as : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 2/ : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : : of 2018 : : : : : of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 head ------ percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 78 80 77 96 10.90 9.50 850 760 89 Illinois ........: 265 265 275 104 10.75 10.65 2,849 2,822 99 Indiana .........: 135 125 130 104 10.35 10.50 1,397 1,313 94 Iowa ............: 520 580 560 97 11.20 11.20 5,824 6,496 112 Kansas ..........: 85 87 87 100 10.60 10.90 901 948 105 Michigan ........: 54 57 54 95 10.80 10.80 583 616 106 Minnesota .......: 300 305 300 98 11.40 11.15 3,420 3,401 99 Missouri ........: 235 255 255 100 10.15 10.45 2,385 2,665 112 Nebraska ........: 190 185 200 108 11.65 11.30 2,214 2,091 94 North Carolina ..: 490 485 465 96 10.05 10.30 4,925 4,996 101 : Ohio ............: 97 89 95 107 10.70 10.90 1,038 970 93 Oklahoma ........: 205 210 210 100 10.60 10.65 2,173 2,237 103 Pennsylvania ....: 51 51 53 104 10.60 10.70 541 546 101 South Dakota ....: 105 117 115 98 11.30 11.10 1,187 1,299 109 Texas ...........: 52 69 70 101 7.80 10.10 406 697 172 Utah ............: 36 39 39 100 9.00 11.00 324 429 132 : Other States 3/ .: 208 201 206 102 9.88 10.10 2,058 2,034 99 : United States ...: 3,106 3,200 3,191 100 10.65 10.72 33,075 34,320 104 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2018 as : : : : : 2018 as State : 2017 : 2018 : percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : of 2017 : : : : : of 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 72 75 104 10.20 9.60 734 720 98 Illinois ...........: 265 270 102 10.70 10.65 2,836 2,876 101 Indiana ............: 135 120 89 10.35 10.60 1,397 1,272 91 Iowa ...............: 550 560 102 11.15 11.20 6,133 6,272 102 Kansas .............: 83 85 102 10.80 10.90 896 927 103 Michigan ...........: 53 54 102 10.90 10.50 578 567 98 Minnesota ..........: 315 300 95 11.45 11.40 3,607 3,420 95 Missouri ...........: 235 250 106 10.40 10.60 2,444 2,650 108 Nebraska ...........: 195 190 97 11.70 11.45 2,282 2,176 95 North Carolina .....: 460 465 101 10.20 10.15 4,692 4,720 101 : Ohio ...............: 94 98 104 10.80 10.50 1,015 1,029 101 Oklahoma ...........: 195 205 105 10.70 10.60 2,087 2,173 104 Pennsylvania .......: 49 52 106 10.40 11.00 510 572 112 South Dakota .......: 105 127 121 11.45 11.65 1,202 1,480 123 Texas ..............: 60 67 112 9.20 10.40 552 697 126 Utah ...............: 35 37 106 9.00 10.00 315 370 117 : Other States 2/ ....: 202 203 100 10.15 10.15 2,048 2,057 100 : United States ......: 3,103 3,158 102 10.74 10.76 33,328 33,978 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 5,100 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of March 2019, data were collected from about 3,500 operations, 69.2 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of March 1, 2019. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 74.3 million head by more than 1.1 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.9 percent. Reliability of March 1 Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous twenty quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.1 1.9 583 0 1,576 9 10 : Pig crop .....................: 1.9 3.2 423 0 1,158 12 7 : Expected farrowings : : Next quarter ...............: 2.5 4.4 67 19 129 13 7 : Following quarter ..........: 3.0 5.2 75 11 197 12 8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1 ....................: 74,296 2019 1988 June 1 .....................: 72,866 2018 1964 September 1 ................: 75,136 2018 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1 ....................: 67,948 2019 1988 June 1 .....................: 66,546 2018 1964 September 1 ................: 68,806 2018 1988 December 1 .................: 68,225 2018 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 32,999 2019 1970 March-May ..................: 32,942 2018 1970 June-August ................: 34,320 2018 1970 September-November .........: 33,978 2018 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 10.70 2019 1970 March-May ..................: 10.63 2018 1970 June-August ................: 10.72 2018 1970 September-November .........: 10.76 2018 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 720-4448 Heidi Gleich - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. 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