Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released March 30, 2022, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Down 2 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 2022 was 72.2 million head. This was down 2 percent from March 1, 2021, and down 3 percent from December 1, 2021. Breeding inventory, at 6.10 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, and down slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 66.1 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, and down 3 percent from last quarter. The December 2021-February 2022 pig crop, at 31.7 million head, was down 1 percent from last year. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.90 million head, down 1 percent from previous year. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 47 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 10.95 for the December 2021-February 2022 period, compared to 10.94 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.99 million sows farrow during the March-May 2022 quarter, down 2 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 5 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for June-August 2022, at 3.03 million sows, are down 1 percent from the same period one year earlier, and down 7 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 49 percent of the total United States hog inventory, down 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 2021 through December 2021 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the December 2021 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.1 percent. The net revision made to the September 2021 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.6 percent. A net revision of 0.1 percent was made to the June-August 2021 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on March 30, 2022. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Seth Meyer Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2021 and 2022................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2020-2022................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2021 and 2022..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2020 and 2021.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2020 and 2021......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2020 and 2021............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2020 and 2021.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2021 and 2022.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2020-2022.............. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2020-2022............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2020 and 2021........................................................................... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates..................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2021 and 2022 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2022 as Item : 2021 : 2022 : percent : : : of 2021 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory ......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,933 72,209 98 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,215 6,098 98 Market .............................: 67,718 66,111 98 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,238 20,045 99 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,138 18,765 98 120-179 pounds .....................: 15,375 14,833 96 180 pounds and over ................: 12,966 12,468 96 : June 1 inventory .......................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,153 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,220 Market .............................: 66,933 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,354 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,919 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,830 180 pounds and over ................: 12,829 : September 1 inventory ..................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,867 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,190 Market .............................: 68,677 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,690 50-119 pounds ......................: 20,211 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,246 180 pounds and over ................: 12,529 : December 1 inventory ...................: All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,146 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,125 Market .............................: 68,021 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,174 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,185 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,314 180 pounds and over ................: 13,348 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2020-2022 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2022 as percent of Item : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 :------------------------- : : : : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February ......: 3,182 2,929 2,901 91 99 March-May 1/ ...........: 3,147 3,034 2,988 95 98 December-May 2/ 3/ .....: 6,329 5,964 5,889 93 99 : June-August 1/ .........: 3,260 3,050 3,031 93 99 September-November .....: 3,165 3,012 June-November 3/ .......: 6,425 6,061 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 35,016 32,059 31,750 91 99 March-May ..............: 34,621 33,233 December-May 3/ ........: 69,637 65,292 : June-August ............: 36,056 33,944 September-November .....: 34,987 33,712 June-November 3/ .......: 71,044 67,656 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 11.00 10.94 10.95 100 100 March-May ..............: 11.00 10.95 December-May ...........: 11.00 10.95 : June-August ............: 11.06 11.13 September-November .....: 11.05 11.19 June-November ..........: 11.06 11.16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intentions for 2022. 2/ Actual farrowings for December 2021-February 2022 plus intentions for March-May 2022. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2021 and 2022 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 998 973 10.84 10.94 10,820 10,652 January ........: 983 988 10.89 10.88 10,702 10,743 February .......: 948 940 11.11 11.02 10,538 10,354 March ..........: 1,045 10.71 11,186 April ..........: 1,000 11.01 11,004 May ............: 990 11.16 11,043 June ...........: 1,032 11.02 11,366 July ...........: 1,016 11.15 11,325 August .........: 1,002 11.23 11,253 September ......: 1,033 11.12 11,487 October ........: 1,002 11.20 11,217 November .......: 977 11.27 11,008 : Total ..........: 12,025 11.06 132,948 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2022 as: : :2022 as: : :2022 as : 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent : : :of 2021: : :of 2021: : :of 2021 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 150 140 93 510 450 88 660 590 89 Illinois ........: 580 590 102 4,620 4,610 100 5,200 5,200 100 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,040 3,900 97 4,300 4,150 97 Iowa ............: 940 900 96 22,660 22,100 98 23,600 23,000 97 Kansas ..........: 170 155 91 1,820 1,695 93 1,990 1,850 93 Michigan ........: 120 110 92 1,170 1,070 91 1,290 1,180 91 Minnesota .......: 530 530 100 8,170 8,070 99 8,700 8,600 99 Missouri ........: 430 420 98 2,970 2,880 97 3,400 3,300 97 Nebraska ........: 440 430 98 3,210 3,170 99 3,650 3,600 99 North Carolina ..: 830 800 96 7,670 7,200 94 8,500 8,000 94 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,300 2,410 105 2,500 2,600 104 Oklahoma ........: 460 470 102 1,570 1,590 101 2,030 2,060 101 Pennsylvania ....: 140 140 100 1,200 1,200 100 1,340 1,340 100 South Dakota ....: 285 280 98 1,695 1,720 101 1,980 2,000 101 Texas ...........: 160 160 100 890 840 94 1,050 1,000 95 Utah ............: 85 85 100 885 845 95 970 930 96 : Other States 1/ .: 435 448 103 2,338 2,361 101 2,773 2,809 101 : United States ...: 6,215 6,098 98 67,718 66,111 98 73,933 72,209 98 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 270 215 100 100 50 55 90 80 Illinois ........: 1,185 1,305 1,550 1,555 1,110 1,025 775 725 Indiana .........: 960 970 1,230 1,100 940 965 910 865 Iowa ............: 5,340 5,440 7,210 7,150 5,650 5,390 4,460 4,120 Kansas ..........: 440 415 435 390 355 340 590 550 Michigan ........: 345 310 300 285 265 240 260 235 Minnesota .......: 2,420 2,420 2,620 2,570 1,810 1,780 1,320 1,300 Missouri ........: 1,380 1,240 565 590 645 670 380 380 Nebraska ........: 1,050 1,050 850 890 810 700 500 530 North Carolina ..: 2,990 2,760 1,660 1,560 1,570 1,520 1,450 1,360 : Ohio ............: 610 635 610 620 565 590 515 565 Oklahoma ........: 725 735 350 305 200 200 295 350 Pennsylvania ....: 305 330 370 365 290 280 235 225 South Dakota ....: 665 685 400 400 330 305 300 330 Texas ...........: 280 295 200 195 165 145 245 205 Utah ............: 350 330 185 170 175 170 175 175 : Other States 1/ .: 923 910 503 520 445 458 466 473 : United States ...: 20,238 20,045 19,138 18,765 15,375 14,833 12,966 12,468 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2020 and 2021 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2021 as: : :2021 as: : :2021 as : 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent : : :of 2020: : :of 2020: : :of 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 545 505 93 700 660 94 Illinois ........: 580 650 112 4,820 4,650 96 5,400 5,300 98 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 4,090 3,940 96 4,350 4,200 97 Iowa ............: 980 910 93 23,620 22,790 96 24,600 23,700 96 Kansas ..........: 180 175 97 1,980 1,775 90 2,160 1,950 90 Michigan ........: 120 115 96 1,060 1,095 103 1,180 1,210 103 Minnesota .......: 560 540 96 8,540 8,260 97 9,100 8,800 97 Missouri ........: 485 425 88 3,265 2,825 87 3,750 3,250 87 Nebraska ........: 450 450 100 3,300 3,050 92 3,750 3,500 93 North Carolina ..: 880 820 93 8,420 7,280 86 9,300 8,100 87 : Ohio ............: 220 190 86 2,580 2,310 90 2,800 2,500 89 Oklahoma ........: 470 470 100 1,710 1,570 92 2,180 2,040 94 Pennsylvania ....: 150 140 93 1,260 1,150 91 1,410 1,290 91 South Dakota ....: 290 270 93 1,770 1,690 95 2,060 1,960 95 Texas ...........: 130 130 100 900 850 94 1,030 980 95 Utah ............: 80 85 106 910 865 95 990 950 96 : Other States 1/ .: 436 435 100 2,468 2,328 94 2,904 2,763 95 : United States ...: 6,426 6,220 97 71,238 66,933 94 77,664 73,153 94 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2020 and 2021 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 275 240 95 110 70 70 105 85 Illinois ........: 1,400 1,355 1,555 1,550 1,075 935 790 810 Indiana .........: 1,010 970 1,310 1,220 910 900 860 850 Iowa ............: 5,780 5,970 7,520 7,200 5,840 5,320 4,480 4,300 Kansas ..........: 510 450 480 470 395 330 595 525 Michigan ........: 310 330 290 290 225 220 235 255 Minnesota .......: 2,800 2,740 2,430 2,630 1,910 1,550 1,400 1,340 Missouri ........: 1,690 1,350 565 510 595 560 415 405 Nebraska ........: 1,150 1,060 865 840 680 590 605 560 North Carolina ..: 3,100 2,940 1,920 1,540 1,730 1,415 1,670 1,385 : Ohio ............: 710 670 650 605 620 485 600 550 Oklahoma ........: 770 750 380 340 230 165 330 315 Pennsylvania ....: 375 335 385 330 270 230 230 255 South Dakota ....: 725 685 420 395 340 275 285 335 Texas ...........: 220 245 295 210 175 170 210 225 Utah ............: 365 360 180 170 180 170 185 165 : Other States 1/ .: 910 904 550 509 485 445 522 469 : United States ...: 22,100 21,354 19,890 18,919 15,730 13,830 13,517 12,829 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2020 and 2021 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2021 as: : :2021 as: : :2021 as : 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent : : :of 2020: : :of 2020: : :of 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 165 150 91 485 510 105 650 660 102 Illinois ........: 580 660 114 4,820 4,740 98 5,400 5,400 100 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,050 98 4,400 4,300 98 Iowa ............: 980 900 92 23,620 23,200 98 24,600 24,100 98 Kansas ..........: 175 165 94 1,895 1,885 99 2,070 2,050 99 Michigan ........: 120 115 96 1,100 1,115 101 1,220 1,230 101 Minnesota .......: 530 530 100 8,570 8,270 96 9,100 8,800 97 Missouri ........: 470 420 89 3,380 2,980 88 3,850 3,400 88 Nebraska ........: 430 460 107 3,370 3,190 95 3,800 3,650 96 North Carolina ..: 870 810 93 8,730 7,490 86 9,600 8,300 86 : Ohio ............: 220 190 86 2,580 2,360 91 2,800 2,550 91 Oklahoma ........: 450 470 104 1,650 1,730 105 2,100 2,200 105 Pennsylvania ....: 150 145 97 1,290 1,205 93 1,440 1,350 94 South Dakota ....: 285 265 93 1,755 1,745 99 2,040 2,010 99 Texas ...........: 140 140 100 920 950 103 1,060 1,090 103 Utah ............: 85 85 100 955 885 93 1,040 970 93 : Other States 1/ .: 433 435 100 2,501 2,372 95 2,934 2,807 96 : United States ...: 6,333 6,190 98 71,771 68,677 96 78,104 74,867 96 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2020 and 2021 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 260 235 100 110 50 55 75 110 Illinois ........: 1,390 1,310 1,540 1,640 1,070 1,005 820 785 Indiana .........: 1,060 990 1,380 1,260 790 875 920 925 Iowa ............: 6,460 6,010 7,580 7,760 5,480 5,470 4,100 3,960 Kansas ..........: 500 455 465 430 400 410 530 590 Michigan ........: 325 330 305 315 225 225 245 245 Minnesota .......: 2,870 2,680 2,820 2,830 1,720 1,580 1,160 1,180 Missouri ........: 1,610 1,410 690 565 670 605 410 400 Nebraska ........: 1,180 1,080 880 890 690 650 620 570 North Carolina ..: 3,350 3,090 2,130 1,670 1,610 1,340 1,640 1,390 : Ohio ............: 770 700 760 680 490 440 560 540 Oklahoma ........: 765 850 350 350 185 220 350 310 Pennsylvania ....: 360 325 410 380 275 275 245 225 South Dakota ....: 705 660 425 410 320 305 305 370 Texas ...........: 305 290 215 250 140 150 260 260 Utah ............: 370 345 195 180 195 180 195 180 : Other States 1/ .: 954 930 545 491 497 461 504 489 : United States ...: 23,234 21,690 20,790 20,211 14,807 14,246 12,939 12,529 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2021 as: : :2021 as: : :2021 as : 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent : : :of 2020: : :of 2020: : :of 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 145 94 465 475 102 620 620 100 Illinois ........: 550 590 107 4,900 4,760 97 5,450 5,350 98 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,200 4,100 98 4,450 4,350 98 Iowa ............: 950 920 97 23,650 22,880 97 24,600 23,800 97 Kansas ..........: 170 165 97 1,890 1,825 97 2,060 1,990 97 Michigan ........: 120 110 92 1,190 1,050 88 1,310 1,160 89 Minnesota .......: 540 550 102 8,860 8,350 94 9,400 8,900 95 Missouri ........: 440 420 95 3,310 2,980 90 3,750 3,400 91 Nebraska ........: 410 430 105 3,390 3,170 94 3,800 3,600 95 North Carolina ..: 840 810 96 7,960 7,190 90 8,800 8,000 91 : Ohio ............: 210 190 90 2,490 2,560 103 2,700 2,750 102 Oklahoma ........: 460 460 100 1,620 1,630 101 2,080 2,090 100 Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,260 1,165 92 1,400 1,310 94 South Dakota ....: 280 265 95 1,750 1,745 100 2,030 2,010 99 Texas ...........: 140 150 107 940 940 100 1,080 1,090 101 Utah ............: 90 85 94 910 855 94 1,000 940 94 : Other States 1/ .: 431 440 102 2,351 2,346 100 2,782 2,786 100 : United States ...: 6,176 6,125 99 71,136 68,021 96 77,312 74,146 96 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 255 230 90 95 50 60 70 90 Illinois ........: 1,460 1,350 1,500 1,605 1,090 1,045 850 760 Indiana .........: 1,050 1,030 1,230 1,170 935 945 985 955 Iowa ............: 5,780 5,830 7,470 7,350 5,890 5,320 4,510 4,380 Kansas ..........: 445 430 465 450 370 360 610 585 Michigan ........: 380 310 320 275 245 220 245 245 Minnesota .......: 2,890 2,800 2,610 2,550 1,940 1,590 1,420 1,410 Missouri ........: 1,510 1,350 630 580 690 640 480 410 Nebraska ........: 1,200 1,080 850 880 790 645 550 565 North Carolina ..: 2,955 2,825 1,845 1,500 1,620 1,380 1,540 1,485 : Ohio ............: 780 710 630 650 530 545 550 655 Oklahoma ........: 745 750 350 350 205 190 320 340 Pennsylvania ....: 365 320 350 360 275 250 270 235 South Dakota ....: 715 660 390 405 325 325 320 355 Texas ...........: 300 290 215 240 175 170 250 240 Utah ............: 350 340 185 170 185 170 190 175 : Other States 1/ .: 809 869 550 555 476 459 515 463 : United States ...: 21,989 21,174 19,680 19,185 15,791 14,314 13,675 13,348 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2021 and 2022 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2022 as : : : : : 2022 as State : 2021 : 2022 : percent : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : percent : : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 78 66 85 9.90 9.90 772 653 85 Illinois ...........: 265 260 98 10.95 10.60 2,902 2,756 95 Indiana ............: 120 120 100 10.70 10.40 1,284 1,248 97 Iowa ...............: 485 475 98 11.30 11.30 5,481 5,368 98 Kansas .............: 84 81 96 10.50 10.10 882 818 93 Michigan ...........: 52 51 98 10.90 11.10 567 566 100 Minnesota ..........: 250 260 104 11.80 11.70 2,950 3,042 103 Missouri ...........: 215 215 100 11.00 10.70 2,365 2,301 97 Nebraska ...........: 180 185 103 11.85 11.70 2,133 2,165 102 North Carolina .....: 420 405 96 10.55 10.50 4,431 4,253 96 : Ohio ...............: 87 95 109 10.40 11.50 905 1,093 121 Oklahoma ...........: 200 195 98 10.10 9.65 2,020 1,882 93 Pennsylvania .......: 46 51 111 11.10 11.40 511 581 114 South Dakota .......: 134 127 95 11.90 12.55 1,595 1,594 100 Texas ..............: 69 58 84 10.10 10.60 697 615 88 Utah ...............: 44 43 98 10.10 10.60 444 456 103 : Other States 2/ ....: 200 214 107 10.59 11.03 2,120 2,359 111 : United States ......: 2,929 2,901 99 10.94 10.95 32,059 31,750 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2020-2022 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2022 as : : : : : 2021 as : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 2/ : percent : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : percent : : : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 74 73 66 90 10.10 10.40 747 759 102 Illinois ...........: 275 260 260 100 10.80 10.85 2,970 2,821 95 Indiana ............: 125 125 120 96 10.60 10.90 1,325 1,363 103 Iowa ...............: 500 510 485 95 11.40 11.40 5,700 5,814 102 Kansas .............: 89 88 81 92 10.70 10.20 952 898 94 Michigan ...........: 54 50 52 104 10.60 10.70 572 535 94 Minnesota ..........: 290 280 280 100 11.60 11.90 3,364 3,332 99 Missouri ...........: 255 225 225 100 11.00 10.90 2,805 2,453 87 Nebraska ...........: 200 190 190 100 11.10 11.60 2,220 2,204 99 North Carolina .....: 460 430 410 95 10.60 10.30 4,876 4,429 91 : Ohio ...............: 94 91 96 105 11.10 10.40 1,043 946 91 Oklahoma ...........: 215 210 205 98 10.80 10.10 2,322 2,121 91 Pennsylvania .......: 57 47 51 109 11.10 11.40 633 536 85 South Dakota .......: 139 131 132 101 12.30 12.50 1,710 1,638 96 Texas ..............: 68 68 72 106 11.00 9.30 748 632 84 Utah ...............: 43 45 43 96 10.80 10.60 464 477 103 : Other States 3/ ....: 209 211 220 104 10.39 10.77 2,169 2,275 105 : United States ......: 3,147 3,034 2,988 98 11.00 10.95 34,621 33,233 96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2020-2022 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2022 as : : : : : 2021 as State : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 2/ : percent : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : percent : : : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 head ------ percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 79 72 66 92 10.00 10.50 790 756 96 Illinois ........: 290 285 270 95 10.70 10.90 3,103 3,107 100 Indiana .........: 125 130 125 96 11.30 10.70 1,413 1,391 98 Iowa ............: 560 505 505 100 11.30 11.40 6,328 5,757 91 Kansas ..........: 88 88 78 89 10.70 10.80 942 950 101 Michigan ........: 54 53 52 98 11.40 10.80 616 572 93 Minnesota .......: 310 265 275 104 11.90 11.80 3,689 3,127 85 Missouri ........: 255 220 230 105 11.20 10.70 2,856 2,354 82 Nebraska ........: 180 200 190 95 11.70 11.65 2,106 2,330 111 North Carolina ..: 490 430 415 97 10.50 10.70 5,145 4,601 89 : Ohio ............: 108 104 100 96 10.50 11.20 1,134 1,165 103 Oklahoma ........: 215 200 205 103 10.80 10.90 2,322 2,180 94 Pennsylvania ....: 56 49 49 100 11.10 11.50 622 564 91 South Dakota ....: 143 128 134 105 12.20 12.60 1,745 1,613 92 Texas ...........: 61 69 70 101 10.60 11.10 647 766 118 Utah ............: 43 46 45 98 11.00 10.60 473 488 103 : Other States 3/ .: 203 206 222 108 10.46 10.82 2,124 2,223 105 : United States ...: 3,260 3,050 3,031 99 11.06 11.13 36,056 33,944 94 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2020 and 2021 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2021 as : : : : : 2021 as State : 2020 : 2021 : percent : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : percent : : : of 2020 : : : : : of 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 73 70 96 10.00 10.50 730 735 101 Illinois ...........: 300 250 83 10.80 10.70 3,240 2,675 83 Indiana ............: 120 130 108 11.00 11.10 1,320 1,443 109 Iowa ...............: 560 520 93 11.30 11.45 6,328 5,954 94 Kansas .............: 85 83 98 10.70 10.80 910 896 98 Michigan ...........: 56 48 86 11.50 11.10 644 533 83 Minnesota ..........: 290 290 100 11.85 11.55 3,437 3,350 97 Missouri ...........: 238 220 92 11.10 11.20 2,642 2,464 93 Nebraska ...........: 190 195 103 11.70 11.70 2,223 2,282 103 North Carolina .....: 440 410 93 10.50 10.90 4,620 4,469 97 : Ohio ...............: 105 103 98 10.60 11.50 1,113 1,185 106 Oklahoma ...........: 210 185 88 10.75 10.65 2,258 1,970 87 Pennsylvania .......: 53 52 98 11.00 11.40 583 593 102 South Dakota .......: 140 133 95 12.20 12.50 1,708 1,663 97 Texas ..............: 64 68 106 9.80 10.60 627 721 115 Utah ...............: 41 44 107 10.90 10.50 447 462 103 : Other States 2/ ....: 200 211 105 10.79 10.98 2,157 2,317 107 : United States ......: 3,165 3,012 95 11.05 11.19 34,987 33,712 96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 4,700 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of March 2022, data were collected from about 3,000 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, and telephone. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of March 1, 2022. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 72.2 million head by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.4 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.4 2.4 791 55 2,500 4 16 : Pig crop .....................: 1.9 3.3 451 0 1,502 9 10 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 53 2 189 13 7 : First intentions ...........: 2.5 4.3 62 0 182 11 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs ............: March 1 ....................: 75,164 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 77,664 2020 1964 September 1 ................: 78,583 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market .......................: March 1 ....................: 68,739 2020 1988 June 1 .....................: 71,238 2020 1964 September 1 ................: 72,153 2019 1988 December 1 .................: 71,136 2020 1963 : Pig crop .....................: December-February1/ ........: 35,016 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 34,621 2020 1970 June-August ................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November .........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter ..............: December-February1/ ........: 11.00 2020 1970 March-May ..................: 11.00 2020 1970 June-August ................: 11.13 2021 1970 September-November .........: 11.19 2021 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed .......... (202) 720-3040 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs .............. (202) 720-3106 Logan Hartley-Sanguinett - Sheep and Goats ... (202) 690-3236 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products ............ 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