Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released March 29, 2018, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 3 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 2018 was 72.9 million head. This was up 3 percent from March 1, 2017, but down 1 percent from December 1, 2017. Breeding inventory, at 6.20 million head, was up 2 percent from last year, and up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 66.7 million head, was up 3 percent from last year, but down 1 percent from last quarter. The December-February 2018 pig crop, at 32.3 million head, was up 4 percent from 2017. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.06 million head, up 2 percent from 2017. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was a record high of 10.58 for the December-February period, compared to 10.43 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 3.08 million sows farrow during the March-May 2018 quarter, up 2 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period in 2017, and up 4 percent from 2016. Intended farrowings for June-August 2018, at 3.16 million sows, are up 1 percent from 2017, and up 4 percent from 2016. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 47 percent of the total United States hog inventory, down from 48 percent the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 2017 through December 2017 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The net revision made to the December 2017 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.3 percent. The net revision made to the September 2017 all hogs and pigs inventory was less than 0.1 percent. A revision of 0.6 percent was made to the June-August 2017 pig crop. Special Note Starting in March 2018, the pigs per litter by size of operation data will be discontinued. Please contact the Livestock Branch at (202) 720-3570 or email at HQ_SD_LB@nass.usda.gov with any questions or concerns. This report was approved on March 29, 2018. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2017 and 2018................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2016-2018................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2017 and 2018..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2016 and 2017.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2016 and 2017......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2016 and 2017............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2016 and 2017.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2017 and 2018.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2016-2018.............. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2016-2018............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2016 and 2017........................................................................... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of March 1 Hog Estimates....................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2018 as Item : 2017 : 2018 : percent : : : of 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 70,701 72,908 103 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,098 6,200 102 Market .............................: 64,603 66,708 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,407 21,047 103 50-119 pounds ......................: 17,862 18,422 103 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,435 14,874 103 180 pounds and over ................: 11,899 12,364 104 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 71,010 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,109 Market .............................: 64,901 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,647 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,741 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,646 180 pounds and over ................: 11,867 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,559 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,117 Market .............................: 67,442 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,673 50-119 pounds ......................: 19,781 120-179 pounds .....................: 13,919 180 pounds and over ................: 12,069 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,415 Kept for breeding ..................: 6,179 Market .............................: 67,236 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,447 50-119 pounds ......................: 18,549 120-179 pounds .....................: 14,030 180 pounds and over ................: 13,209 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2016-2018 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : :2018 as percent of Item : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 :------------------- : : : : 2016 : 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ------------ -- percent -- Sows farrowing : December-February ....: 2,927 2,986 3,057 104 102 March-May 1/ .........: 2,968 3,014 3,078 104 102 December-May 2/ 3/ ...: 5,896 5,999 6,135 104 102 : June-August 1/ .......: 3,057 3,121 3,165 104 101 September-November ...: 3,046 3,109 June-November 3/ .....: 6,103 6,230 : Pig crop : December-February ....: 30,139 31,146 32,341 107 104 March-May ............: 31,097 31,790 December-May 3/ ......: 61,236 62,935 : June-August ..........: 32,331 33,244 September-November ...: 32,372 33,399 June-November 3/ .....: 64,703 66,642 : : -------------- number ------------- -- percent -- : Pigs per litter : December-February ....: 10.30 10.43 10.58 103 101 March-May ............: 10.48 10.55 December-May .........: 10.39 10.49 : June-August ..........: 10.58 10.65 September-November ...: 10.63 10.74 June-November ........: 10.60 10.70 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intentions for 2018. 2/ Actual farrowings for December 2017-February 2018 plus intentions for March-May 2018. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2017 and 2018 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December .......: 1,006 1,034 10.44 10.62 10,500 10,976 January ........: 992 1,024 10.39 10.49 10,309 10,743 February .......: 988 999 10.46 10.63 10,337 10,622 March ..........: 1,036 10.54 10,916 April ..........: 975 10.56 10,298 May ............: 1,003 10.55 10,576 June ...........: 1,065 10.56 11,244 July ...........: 1,025 10.65 10,916 August .........: 1,032 10.74 11,085 September ......: 1,067 10.66 11,366 October ........: 1,028 10.78 11,073 November .......: 1,015 10.80 10,959 : Total ..........: 12,229 10.60 129,578 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as: : :2018 as: : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent: 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017: : :of 2017: : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 155 155 100 545 615 113 700 770 110 Illinois ........: 540 540 100 4,710 4,760 101 5,250 5,300 101 Indiana .........: 280 260 93 3,770 3,790 101 4,050 4,050 100 Iowa ............: 1,000 1,020 102 20,600 21,580 105 21,600 22,600 105 Kansas ..........: 165 160 97 1,805 1,890 105 1,970 2,050 104 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,000 1,080 108 1,110 1,200 108 Minnesota .......: 560 570 102 7,840 7,930 101 8,400 8,500 101 Missouri ........: 445 455 102 2,655 2,995 113 3,100 3,450 111 Nebraska ........: 415 420 101 2,885 3,030 105 3,300 3,450 105 North Carolina ..: 880 900 102 8,320 8,000 96 9,200 8,900 97 : Ohio ............: 185 190 103 2,465 2,710 110 2,650 2,900 109 Oklahoma ........: 445 445 100 1,655 1,715 104 2,100 2,160 103 Pennsylvania ....: 100 110 110 1,040 1,080 104 1,140 1,190 104 South Dakota ....: 200 235 118 1,250 1,425 114 1,450 1,660 114 Texas ...........: 120 145 121 790 955 121 910 1,100 121 Utah ............: 80 75 94 620 420 68 700 495 71 : Other States 1/ .: 418 400 96 2,653 2,733 103 3,071 3,133 102 : United States ...: 6,098 6,200 102 64,603 66,708 103 70,701 72,908 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2017 and 2018 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 250 285 110 120 95 105 90 105 Illinois ........: 1,530 1,465 1,460 1,465 920 990 800 840 Indiana .........: 1,030 955 1,050 1,150 810 850 880 835 Iowa ............: 5,300 5,590 6,440 6,720 5,270 5,340 3,590 3,930 Kansas ..........: 455 405 475 540 345 410 530 535 Michigan ........: 285 320 245 265 240 245 230 250 Minnesota .......: 2,590 2,620 2,380 2,400 1,650 1,760 1,220 1,150 Missouri ........: 1,350 1,455 515 560 400 530 390 450 Nebraska ........: 920 1,040 735 775 650 670 580 545 North Carolina ..: 3,140 3,250 1,860 1,720 1,800 1,690 1,520 1,340 : Ohio ............: 690 700 730 730 625 690 420 590 Oklahoma ........: 740 735 300 335 270 250 345 395 Pennsylvania ....: 265 285 305 310 280 260 190 225 South Dakota ....: 455 510 325 370 240 280 230 265 Texas ...........: 170 270 220 260 175 180 225 245 Utah ............: 265 155 115 80 130 95 110 90 : Other States 1/ .: 972 1,007 597 622 535 529 549 574 : United States ...: 20,407 21,047 17,862 18,422 14,435 14,874 11,899 12,364 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2016 and 2017 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2017 as: : :2017 as: : :2017 as : 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent : : :of 2016: : :of 2016: : :of 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 155 107 565 565 100 710 720 101 Illinois ........: 530 530 100 4,670 4,720 101 5,200 5,250 101 Indiana .........: 260 260 100 3,590 3,690 103 3,850 3,950 103 Iowa ............: 970 1,030 106 19,830 20,870 105 20,800 21,900 105 Kansas ..........: 175 160 91 1,765 1,790 101 1,940 1,950 101 Michigan ........: 110 110 100 1,040 1,000 96 1,150 1,110 97 Minnesota .......: 560 570 102 7,540 7,930 105 8,100 8,500 105 Missouri ........: 395 440 111 2,605 2,810 108 3,000 3,250 108 Nebraska ........: 425 420 99 3,075 2,980 97 3,500 3,400 97 North Carolina ..: 890 880 99 8,210 8,020 98 9,100 8,900 98 : Ohio ............: 180 190 106 2,370 2,510 106 2,550 2,700 106 Oklahoma ........: 470 450 96 1,700 1,570 92 2,170 2,020 93 Pennsylvania ....: 100 105 105 1,050 1,085 103 1,150 1,190 103 South Dakota ....: 190 200 105 1,210 1,290 107 1,400 1,490 106 Texas ...........: 100 125 125 790 785 99 890 910 102 Utah ............: 75 75 100 605 605 100 680 680 100 : Other States 1/ .: 404 409 101 2,687 2,681 100 3,091 3,090 100 : United States ...: 5,979 6,109 102 63,302 64,901 103 69,281 71,010 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2016 and 2017 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 265 255 120 120 95 100 85 90 Illinois ........: 1,420 1,430 1,460 1,530 910 930 880 830 Indiana .........: 1,020 920 1,120 1,140 700 770 750 860 Iowa ............: 5,280 5,450 6,400 6,870 4,760 4,950 3,390 3,600 Kansas ..........: 470 480 490 490 310 355 495 465 Michigan ........: 305 290 255 240 240 245 240 225 Minnesota .......: 2,550 2,610 2,340 2,390 1,470 1,640 1,180 1,290 Missouri ........: 1,315 1,360 540 580 350 435 400 435 Nebraska ........: 960 1,005 840 785 685 615 590 575 North Carolina ..: 3,180 3,290 1,970 1,870 1,560 1,400 1,500 1,460 : Ohio ............: 720 720 680 720 570 630 400 440 Oklahoma ........: 760 685 370 340 250 230 320 315 Pennsylvania ....: 255 285 330 345 280 280 185 175 South Dakota ....: 425 455 325 345 250 240 210 250 Texas ...........: 205 165 230 235 190 175 165 210 Utah ............: 255 245 115 120 125 130 110 110 : Other States 1/ .: 971 1,002 613 621 546 521 556 537 : United States ...: 20,356 20,647 18,198 18,741 13,291 13,646 11,456 11,867 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2016 and 2017 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2017 as: : :2017 as: : :2017 as : 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent : : :of 2016: : :of 2016: : :of 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 160 110 575 600 104 720 760 106 Illinois ........: 530 540 102 4,470 4,860 109 5,000 5,400 108 Indiana .........: 280 260 93 3,720 3,840 103 4,000 4,100 103 Iowa ............: 980 980 100 21,320 21,720 102 22,300 22,700 102 Kansas ..........: 180 165 92 1,830 1,835 100 2,010 2,000 100 Michigan ........: 105 120 114 1,035 1,070 103 1,140 1,190 104 Minnesota .......: 570 550 96 7,830 7,850 100 8,400 8,400 100 Missouri ........: 395 440 111 2,805 3,060 109 3,200 3,500 109 Nebraska ........: 420 410 98 3,180 3,040 96 3,600 3,450 96 North Carolina ..: 890 900 101 8,410 8,400 100 9,300 9,300 100 : Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,410 2,670 111 2,600 2,850 110 Oklahoma ........: 455 455 100 1,785 1,785 100 2,240 2,240 100 Pennsylvania ....: 95 110 116 1,055 1,110 105 1,150 1,220 106 South Dakota ....: 195 215 110 1,215 1,325 109 1,410 1,540 109 Texas ...........: 100 135 135 830 895 108 930 1,030 111 Utah ............: 75 80 107 625 600 96 700 680 97 : Other States 1/ .: 411 417 101 2,675 2,782 104 3,086 3,199 104 : United States ...: 6,016 6,117 102 65,770 67,442 103 71,786 73,559 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2016 and 2017 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 270 275 125 125 85 105 95 95 Illinois ........: 1,440 1,505 1,380 1,620 870 930 780 805 Indiana .........: 1,050 1,050 1,130 1,180 720 780 820 830 Iowa ............: 5,690 5,710 6,930 7,220 5,080 5,080 3,620 3,710 Kansas ..........: 500 475 515 505 365 355 450 500 Michigan ........: 295 310 270 260 235 250 235 250 Minnesota .......: 2,650 2,700 2,480 2,510 1,500 1,510 1,200 1,130 Missouri ........: 1,375 1,485 600 640 400 460 430 475 Nebraska ........: 990 1,015 950 835 640 600 600 590 North Carolina ..: 3,260 3,400 2,080 1,950 1,600 1,550 1,470 1,500 : Ohio ............: 740 730 730 785 550 640 390 515 Oklahoma ........: 775 770 440 440 250 275 320 300 Pennsylvania ....: 270 305 345 335 250 280 190 190 South Dakota ....: 435 450 325 365 230 260 225 250 Texas ...........: 240 235 240 255 160 160 190 245 Utah ............: 250 235 130 125 130 130 115 110 : Other States 1/ .: 985 1,023 601 631 535 554 553 574 : United States ...: 21,215 21,673 19,271 19,781 13,600 13,919 11,683 12,069 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2017 as: : :2017 as: : : 2017 as : 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 :percent: 2016 : 2017 : percent : : :of 2016: : :of 2016: : : of 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent --- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 150 150 100 520 600 115 670 750 112 Illinois ........: 540 530 98 4,560 4,820 106 5,100 5,350 105 Indiana .........: 270 260 96 3,830 3,790 99 4,100 4,050 99 Iowa ............: 1,030 1,000 97 21,170 21,800 103 22,200 22,800 103 Kansas ..........: 165 165 100 1,745 1,945 111 1,910 2,110 110 Michigan ........: 110 120 109 1,020 1,070 105 1,130 1,190 105 Minnesota .......: 570 570 100 7,930 7,930 100 8,500 8,500 100 Missouri ........: 435 450 103 2,665 2,950 111 3,100 3,400 110 Nebraska ........: 415 430 104 2,985 3,170 106 3,400 3,600 106 North Carolina ..: 880 900 102 8,420 8,100 96 9,300 9,000 97 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,760 110 2,700 2,950 109 Oklahoma ........: 450 460 102 1,710 1,760 103 2,160 2,220 103 Pennsylvania ....: 100 110 110 1,110 1,140 103 1,210 1,250 103 South Dakota ....: 190 215 113 1,260 1,345 107 1,450 1,560 108 Texas ...........: 110 140 127 770 900 117 880 1,040 118 Utah ............: 75 80 107 625 470 75 700 550 79 : Other States 1/ .: 420 409 97 2,615 2,686 103 3,035 3,095 102 : United States ...: 6,110 6,179 101 65,435 67,236 103 71,545 73,415 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2016 and 2017 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 220 255 120 130 95 115 85 100 Illinois ........: 1,450 1,530 1,360 1,450 890 920 860 920 Indiana .........: 1,040 1,000 1,090 1,060 790 780 910 950 Iowa ............: 5,620 5,830 6,550 6,820 5,010 5,080 3,990 4,070 Kansas ..........: 455 480 520 520 320 420 450 525 Michigan ........: 300 330 265 240 215 245 240 255 Minnesota .......: 2,720 2,720 2,350 2,330 1,560 1,600 1,300 1,280 Missouri ........: 1,340 1,450 520 560 375 445 430 495 Nebraska ........: 955 1,030 790 840 650 640 590 660 North Carolina ..: 3,160 3,190 1,950 1,790 1,680 1,570 1,630 1,550 : Ohio ............: 750 760 660 760 600 660 490 580 Oklahoma ........: 735 725 360 420 275 230 340 385 Pennsylvania ....: 320 305 335 335 245 260 210 240 South Dakota ....: 445 460 325 365 245 270 245 250 Texas ...........: 170 235 190 235 175 175 235 255 Utah ............: 250 185 120 85 130 100 125 100 : Other States 1/ .: 957 962 597 609 531 520 530 594 : United States ...: 20,887 21,447 18,102 18,549 13,786 14,030 12,660 13,209 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2017 and 2018 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2018 as : : : : :2018 as : 2017 : 2018 :percent : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 :percent : : :of 2017 : : : : :of 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent --- number --- 1,000 head percent : Colorado ........: 76 72 95 9.90 9.70 752 698 93 Illinois ........: 265 260 98 10.20 10.60 2,703 2,756 102 Indiana .........: 145 130 90 10.25 10.45 1,486 1,359 91 Iowa ............: 510 560 110 10.75 11.00 5,483 6,160 112 Kansas ..........: 79 79 100 10.00 10.20 790 806 102 Michigan ........: 50 53 106 10.40 10.70 520 567 109 Minnesota .......: 275 300 109 11.35 11.20 3,121 3,360 108 Missouri ........: 220 225 102 10.05 10.15 2,211 2,284 103 Nebraska ........: 175 180 103 11.55 11.70 2,021 2,106 104 North Carolina ..: 460 455 99 9.90 9.90 4,554 4,505 99 : Ohio ............: 91 91 100 10.80 10.80 983 983 100 Oklahoma ........: 200 200 100 10.30 10.60 2,060 2,120 103 Pennsylvania ....: 46 49 107 10.30 10.60 474 519 109 South Dakota ....: 102 111 109 11.30 11.45 1,153 1,271 110 Texas ...........: 50 58 116 9.90 9.90 495 574 116 Utah ............: 39 36 92 8.70 7.70 339 277 82 : Other States 2/ .: 203 198 97 9.86 10.09 2,001 1,996 100 : United States ...: 2,986 3,057 102 10.43 10.58 31,146 32,341 104 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2016-2018 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2018 as : : : : : 2017 as : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 2/ : percent : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : percent : : : : of 2017 : : : : : of 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 77 77 73 95 10.20 10.40 785 801 102 Illinois ...........: 255 255 265 104 10.40 10.55 2,652 2,690 101 Indiana ............: 131 135 135 100 10.40 10.50 1,362 1,418 104 Iowa ...............: 500 510 550 108 10.90 10.95 5,450 5,585 102 Kansas .............: 85 80 80 100 10.50 10.00 893 800 90 Michigan ...........: 48 50 58 116 10.50 10.50 504 525 104 Minnesota ..........: 285 300 295 98 11.05 11.40 3,149 3,420 109 Missouri ...........: 205 220 240 109 9.95 10.25 2,040 2,255 111 Nebraska ...........: 185 185 180 97 11.40 11.45 2,109 2,118 100 North Carolina .....: 475 470 465 99 10.25 10.00 4,869 4,700 97 : Ohio ...............: 88 97 91 94 10.50 10.60 924 1,028 111 Oklahoma ...........: 200 195 200 103 10.30 10.60 2,060 2,067 100 Pennsylvania .......: 51 50 50 100 10.30 10.50 525 525 100 South Dakota .......: 94 101 113 112 10.75 11.35 1,011 1,146 113 Texas ..............: 46 50 60 120 7.85 7.30 361 365 101 Utah ...............: 41 39 33 85 9.40 9.00 385 351 91 : Other States 3/ ....: 202 200 190 95 9.97 10.00 2,018 1,996 99 : United States ......: 2,968 3,014 3,078 102 10.48 10.55 31,097 31,790 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2016-2018 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2018 as : : : : : 2017 as : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 2/ : percent : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : percent : : : : of 2017 : : : : : of 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 head ------ percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 78 78 75 96 10.10 10.90 788 850 108 Illinois ........: 260 265 265 100 10.55 10.75 2,743 2,849 104 Indiana .........: 145 135 140 104 10.60 10.35 1,537 1,397 91 Iowa ............: 510 530 560 106 11.00 11.20 5,610 5,936 106 Kansas ..........: 89 85 84 99 10.50 10.60 935 901 96 Michigan ........: 50 54 58 107 10.50 10.80 525 583 111 Minnesota .......: 310 305 310 102 11.10 11.40 3,441 3,477 101 Missouri ........: 215 235 240 102 10.10 10.15 2,172 2,385 110 Nebraska ........: 185 190 190 100 11.35 11.65 2,100 2,214 105 North Carolina ..: 485 490 470 96 10.20 10.05 4,947 4,925 100 : Ohio ............: 92 97 98 101 10.60 10.70 975 1,038 106 Oklahoma ........: 200 205 210 102 10.65 10.60 2,130 2,173 102 Pennsylvania ....: 48 51 51 100 10.45 10.60 502 541 108 South Dakota ....: 97 105 114 109 10.75 11.30 1,043 1,187 114 Texas ...........: 45 52 64 123 9.30 7.80 419 406 97 Utah ............: 39 36 37 103 9.50 9.00 371 324 87 : Other States 3/ .: 209 208 199 95 10.03 9.88 2,093 2,058 98 : United States ...: 3,057 3,121 3,165 101 10.58 10.65 32,331 33,244 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2016 and 2017 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2017 as : : : : : 2017 as State : 2016 : 2017 : percent : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : percent : : : of 2016 : : : : : of 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 74 72 97 10.40 10.20 770 734 95 Illinois ...........: 260 260 100 10.60 10.70 2,756 2,782 101 Indiana ............: 140 135 96 10.30 10.35 1,442 1,397 97 Iowa ...............: 550 550 100 10.90 11.15 5,995 6,133 102 Kansas .............: 82 83 101 10.60 10.80 869 896 103 Michigan ...........: 49 53 108 10.60 10.90 519 578 111 Minnesota ..........: 310 315 102 11.20 11.45 3,472 3,607 104 Missouri ...........: 210 235 112 10.45 10.40 2,195 2,444 111 Nebraska ...........: 180 195 108 11.60 11.70 2,088 2,282 109 North Carolina .....: 460 460 100 10.30 10.20 4,738 4,692 99 : Ohio ...............: 96 100 104 10.50 10.80 1,008 1,080 107 Oklahoma ...........: 195 200 103 10.55 10.70 2,057 2,140 104 Pennsylvania .......: 50 50 100 10.50 10.40 525 520 99 South Dakota .......: 100 105 105 10.90 11.45 1,090 1,202 110 Texas ..............: 48 59 123 9.90 9.30 475 549 116 Utah ...............: 38 35 92 9.00 9.00 342 315 92 : Other States 2/ ....: 204 202 99 9.96 10.15 2,031 2,048 101 : United States ......: 3,046 3,109 102 10.63 10.74 32,372 33,399 103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 6,500 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of March 2018, data were collected from about 4,800 operations, 73 percent of the total sample. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of March 1, 2018. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates for all quarters of the current and previous year are reviewed. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 72.9 million head by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.4 percent. Reliability of March 1 Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous twenty quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.4 2.4 792 10.4 1,726 12 8 : Pig crop .....................: 2.4 4.1 580 0 1,260 12 7 : Expected farrowings : : Next quarter ...............: 3.0 5.2 76 10 167 11 9 : Following quarter ..........: 3.1 5.4 78 11 197 11 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1 ....................: 72,908 2018 1988 June 1 .....................: 71,010 2017 1964 September 1 ................: 73,559 2017 1988 December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1 ....................: 66,708 2018 1988 June 1 .....................: 64,901 2017 1964 September 1 ................: 67,442 2017 1988 December 1 .................: 67,236 2017 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 32,341 2018 1970 March-May ..................: 32,355 1970 1970 June-August ................: 33,244 2017 1970 September-November .........: 33,399 2017 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 10.58 2018 1970 March-May ..................: 10.55 2017 1970 June-August ................: 10.65 2017 1970 September-November .........: 10.74 2017 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 720-3240 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 690-3236 Heidi Gleich - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. (202) 720-3106 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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