Vegetables ISSN: 1931-2857 Released September 2, 2010, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Contracted Processing Production Down 9 Percent from Last Year Asparagus Production Down 18 Percent Spring Onion Production Down 11 Percent The 2010 contracted processing vegetable production for the four major processing crops (snap beans, sweet corn, green peas, and tomatoes) is forecast at 16.6 million tons, down 9 percent from last year. Production of processing tomatoes, at 12.8 million tons, is 7 percent below 2009. Snap bean production, at 736,680 tons, is down 6 percent from last year=s production. Sweet corn production, at 2.73 million tons, is down 16 percent from last year. Green pea production, at 351,480 tons, is 20 percent below 2009. Contracted area for harvest of the four major processing vegetable crops, at 988,150 acres, is 10 percent below 2009. Production of the 2010 asparagus crop is forecast at 741,000 cwt, down 18 percent from 2009. Area harvested, at 28,000 acres, is down 4 percent from last year. Fresh production, at 621,000 cwt, declined 12 percent from 2009. Processed production, at 6,000 tons, is down 39 percent from last year. The end-of-season spring onion production estimate, at 7.66 million cwt, is down 11 percent from last year. Area harvested, at 25,900 acres, is down 5 percent from a year ago, and yield, at 296 cwt per acre, is down 19 cwt per acre from 2009. The value of the spring crop is estimated at 305 million dollars, 61 percent above last year. Contents Contracted Area Harvested for Four Major Processed Vegetables - United States 3 Contracted Production for Four Major Processed Vegetables - United States 3 Processing Vegetable Area Harvested and Production by Crop - United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 (Domestic Units) 4 Processing Vegetable Area Harvested and Production by Crop - United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 (Metric Units) 5 Snap Beans for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 6 Sweet Corn for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 7 Tomatoes for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 8 Processing Narrative 9 Asparagus Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, and Value - States and United States: 2008-2010 10 Asparagus Production and Value by Utilization - States and United States: 2008-2010 11 Asparagus Narrative 12 Asparagus Production Vegetables - United States 12 Onion Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, and Value - Selected States: 2009 and 2010 13 Spring Onions Narrative 13 Statistical Methodology 14 Information Contacts 14 Processing Vegetable Area Harvested and Production by Crop - United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 (Domestic Units) [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested :-------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :-------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total : Contract 1/ :Contract 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : All processing : Snap beans ...............: 198,300 196,179 189,309 186,650 Sweet corn ...............: 360,600 379,500 379,406 340,000 Green peas 2/ ............: 209,700 205,350 205,350 175,500 Tomatoes .................: 296,500 327,800 323,800 286,000 : United States ............: 1,065,100 1,108,829 1,097,865 988,150 : Cucumber for pickles 3/ ..: 96,600 97,500 84,690 : Total 5 vegetables .......: 1,161,700 1,206,329 1,182,555 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production :-------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :-------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total : Contract 1/ :Contract 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : All processing : Snap beans ...............: 808,000 812,990 787,000 736,680 Sweet corn ...............: 2,832,490 3,234,080 3,233,630 2,731,480 Green peas 2/ ............: 411,780 441,580 441,580 351,480 Tomatoes .................: 12,305,820 13,970,560 13,804,560 12,819,110 : United States ............: 16,358,090 18,459,210 18,266,770 16,638,750 : Cucumbers for pickles 3/ .: 567,100 542,600 468,290 : Total 5 vegetables .......: 16,925,190 19,001,810 18,735,060 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes acreage from major brokers. 2/ Carried forward from earlier forecast. 3/ Cucumbers for pickles will be published in the "Vegetables 2010 Summary" released January 2011. Processing Vegetable Area Harvested and Production by Crop - United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 (Metric Units) [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested :------------------------------------------------------ Crop : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------------------ : Total : Total : Contract 1/ :Contract 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : All processing : Snap beans ...............: 80,250 79,390 76,610 75,540 Sweet corn ...............: 145,930 153,580 153,540 137,590 Green peas 2/ ............: 84,860 83,100 83,100 71,020 Tomatoes .................: 119,990 132,660 131,040 115,740 : United States 3/ .........: 431,040 448,730 444,290 399,890 : Cucumbers for pickles 4/ .: 39,090 39,460 34,270 : Total 5 vegetables 3/ ....: 470,130 488,190 478,570 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production :------------------------------------------------------ Crop : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------------------ : Total : Total : Contract 1/ :Contract 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : All processing : Snap beans ...............: 733,000 737,530 713,950 668,300 Sweet corn ...............: 2,569,580 2,933,890 2,933,480 2,477,940 Green peas 2/ ............: 373,560 400,590 400,590 318,860 Tomatoes .................: 11,163,590 12,673,810 12,523,220 11,629,240 : United States 3/ .........: 14,839,730 16,745,830 16,571,250 15,094,340 : Cucumbers for pickles 4/ .: 514,460 492,240 424,820 : Total 5 vegetables 3/ ....: 15,354,190 17,238,060 16,996,070 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes acreage from major brokers. 2/ Carried forward from earlier forecast. 3/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 4/ Cucumbers for pickles will be published in the "Vegetables 2010 Summary" released January 2011. Snap Beans for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Total : Total : Contract 1/ : Contract 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : Illinois ...........: 12,500 11,500 11,500 13,000 Indiana ............: 4,500 4,400 4,400 5,000 Michigan ...........: 15,000 16,500 16,500 14,100 Minnesota ..........: 4,700 7,600 7,600 7,400 New York ...........: 20,400 19,400 19,400 21,300 Oregon .............: 18,600 18,950 18,950 17,400 Pennsylvania .......: 10,700 7,000 1,700 10,900 Wisconsin ..........: 80,500 81,700 81,200 77,100 : Other States 2/ ....: 31,400 29,129 28,059 20,450 : United States ......: 198,300 196,179 189,309 186,650 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Total : Total :Contract 1/ : Total : Total :Contract 1/ :Contract 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois ...........: 3.59 3.80 2.90 44,820 43,700 43,700 37,700 Indiana ............: 3.11 3.56 2.67 13,980 15,650 15,650 13,350 Michigan ...........: 3.65 3.95 4.00 54,750 65,180 65,180 56,400 Minnesota ..........: 3.17 2.66 3.30 14,890 20,190 20,190 24,420 New York ...........: 3.80 2.87 3.44 77,590 55,670 55,670 73,270 Oregon .............: 6.03 5.94 6.20 112,140 112,600 112,600 107,880 Pennsylvania .......: 3.48 3.95 2.40 37,250 27,660 7,070 26,160 Wisconsin ..........: 4.06 4.32 4.24 326,870 353,290 351,190 326,900 : Other States 2/ ....: 4.00 4.09 3.45 125,710 119,050 115,750 70,600 : United States ......: 4.07 4.14 3.95 808,000 812,990 787,000 736,680 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes acreage from major brokers. 2/ Other States include California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. Sweet Corn for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total : Contract 1/ : Contract 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : Maryland .........: 6,900 (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ........: 123,900 122,400 122,400 119,500 Oregon ...........: 18,400 24,000 24,000 21,400 Washington .......: 66,300 81,700 81,700 65,900 Wisconsin ........: 87,600 85,700 85,700 76,700 : Other States 2/ ..: 57,500 65,700 65,606 56,500 : United States ....: 360,600 379,500 379,406 340,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total :Contract 1/: Total : Total :Contract 1/:Contract 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Maryland .........: 7.30 (D) (D) 50,370 (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ........: 7.08 8.00 7.30 876,980 979,250 979,250 872,350 Oregon ...........: 9.75 10.00 9.90 179,310 240,000 240,000 211,860 Washington .......: 9.78 10.37 9.90 648,490 847,010 847,010 652,410 Wisconsin ........: 7.44 7.78 7.63 651,570 666,630 666,630 585,220 : Other States 2/ ..: 7.40 7.63 7.25 425,770 501,190 500,740 409,640 : United States ....: 7.85 8.52 8.03 2,832,490 3,234,080 3,233,630 2,731,480 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Includes acreage from major brokers. 2/ For 2008, Other States include, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Virginia. Beginning in 2009, Other States include, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. Tomatoes for Processing Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 2010 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Harvested :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total : Contract 1/ : Contract 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : California ...: 279,000 308,000 304,000 268,000 Indiana ......: 8,300 9,800 9,800 9,500 Michigan .....: 3,400 3,400 3,400 3,300 Ohio .........: 5,800 6,600 6,600 5,200 : United States : 296,500 327,800 323,800 286,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Total :Contract 1/: Total : Total :Contract 1/:Contract 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ...: 42.37 43.23 45.90 11,822,000 13,314,000 13,148,000 12,300,000 Indiana ......: 30.00 32.79 26.94 249,000 321,340 321,340 255,930 Michigan .....: 30.00 39.00 35.00 102,000 132,600 132,600 115,500 Ohio .........: 22.90 30.70 28.40 132,820 202,620 202,620 147,680 : United States : 41.50 42.62 44.82 12,305,820 13,970,560 13,804,560 12,819,110 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes acreage from major brokers. Snap beans: Contracted production of snap beans is forecast at 736,680 tons, down 6 percent from last year. Contracted harvested area is down 1 percent, and yield is down 0.19 tons per acre. In Michigan, insect and disease problems have been reported in some fields due to hot and humid weather. In Illinois, excessive rainfall across the State negatively impacted yields. In Indiana, heavy rainfall during the planting season delayed field preparation. In Minnesota, snap beans are reported to be in good condition due to warm temperatures and plenty of rainfall. Pennsylvania growers experienced very hot and dry weather during the growing season. In Wisconsin, snap beans are progressing at a slow pace due to heavy rainfall during June and July. Sweet corn: Contracted sweet corn production is forecast at 2.73 million tons, down 16 percent from last year. A decline of 10 percent in contracted harvested area is accompanied by a decline in yield of 0.49 ton per acre from 2009. Oregon's sweet corn crop was delayed due to cool and wet spring conditions. In Wisconsin, harvest was delayed due to standing water in the fields. Tomatoes: Contracted tomato production is forecast at 12.8 million tons, down 7 percent from last year. A decline of 12 percent in contracted harvested area is accompanied by a yield increase of 2.20 tons per acre. In California, the season got off to a slow start due to cool temperatures and wet conditions. In Ohio, harvest was 7 percent complete by mid-August. In Michigan, the tomato crop looks good and is reported to be growing at a fast pace. However, by late July, reports of early blight slowed crop progress. Indiana=s processing tomatoes are reported to be in good condition despite heavy rainfall during the planting season. Asparagus Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, and Value - States and United States: 2008-2010 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : California .....: 15,000 13,000 12,000 14,500 12,500 11,500 Michigan .......: 11,700 11,200 10,700 11,200 10,700 10,500 Washington .....: 7,000 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,000 6,000 : United States ..: 33,700 30,700 29,200 32,200 29,200 28,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ cwt ----------- --------- 1,000 cwt -------- : California .....: 29 32 30 421 400 345 Michigan .......: 23 22 16 258 235 168 Washington .....: 42 44 38 273 264 228 : United States ..: 30 31 26 952 899 741 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Value :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : Per cwt : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars --------- ------- 1,000 dollars ------ : California .....: 125.00 130.00 126.00 52,625 52,000 43,470 Michigan .......: 71.80 70.40 83.00 18,516 16,553 13,948 Washington .....: 67.10 76.90 73.40 18,310 20,302 16,736 : United States ..: 94.00 98.80 100.00 89,451 88,855 74,154 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Asparagus Production and Value by Utilization - States and United States: 2008-2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Utilization : Production and :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 cwt : Fresh market : California 1/ ..: 421 400 345 : Other States 2/ : 297 303 276 : United States ..: 718 703 621 : tons : Processing : Other States 2/ : 11,700 9,800 6,000 : United States ..: 11,700 9,800 6,000 : Canning ..........: 7,100 5,100 3,100 : Freezing .........: 4,600 4,700 2,900 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Value Utilization :----------------------------------------------------------------- and : Per unit : Total State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ------- dollars per cwt ------ ------- 1,000 dollars ------ : Fresh market : California 1/ ..: 125.00 130.00 126.00 52,625 52,000 43,470 : Other States 2/ : 70.60 78.60 81.60 20,974 23,827 22,524 : United States ..: 103.00 108.00 106.00 73,599 75,827 65,994 : : ------- dollars per ton ------ ------- 1,000 dollars ------ Processing : Other States 2/ : 1,360.00 1,330.00 1,360.00 15,852 13,028 8,160 : United States ..: 1,360.00 1,330.00 1,360.00 15,852 13,028 8,160 : Canning ..........: 1,350.00 1,360.00 1,430.00 9,596 6,918 4,448 : Freezing .........: 1,360.00 1,300.00 1,280.00 6,256 6,110 3,712 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Includes a small amount of processing asparagus. 2/ Other States include Michigan and Washington. Asparagus: Production from the 2010 asparagus crop is forecast at 741,000 cwt, down 18 percent from last year. Harvested area, at 28,000 acres, is down 4 percent from 2009. Fresh production of 621,000 cwt, is down 12 percent from a year ago. Processed production, at 6,000 tons, is down 39 percent from 2009. Asparagus for canning, at 3,100 tons, is down 39 percent from last year. Frozen asparagus production of 2,900 tons, is down 38 percent from 2009. Total value of the crop, at 74.2 million dollars, is down 17 percent from 2009. In Michigan, frost damage early in the growing season hampered crop progress. Harvest of the asparagus crop was complete by late June. In California, timely showers and mild temperatures in the Salinas Valley and San Joaquin Valley provided favorable growing conditions for the asparagus crop. However, harvest was delayed in February due to muddy field conditions. Harvest was complete in most areas of the State by mid-July. Onion Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production, and Value - Selected States: 2009 and 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area : Yield per acre Crop :----------------------------------------------------------------- and : Planted : Harvested : : State :-------------------------------------------: 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- acres ---------------- ----- cwt ----- : Spring 1/ : Arizona 2/ .......: 1,600 (NA) 1,600 (NA) 360 (NA) California .......: 6,200 6,400 6,000 6,200 410 410 Georgia ..........: 12,000 12,000 10,500 11,100 240 205 Texas ............: 10,300 10,000 9,100 8,600 330 330 : United States ....: 30,100 28,400 27,200 25,900 315 296 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production : Value Crop :----------------------------------------------------------------- and : : : Per cwt : Total State : 2009 : 2010 :------------------------------------------- : : : 2009 : 2010 : 2009 : 2010 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 cwt -- ---- dollars ---- 1,000 dollars : Spring 1/ : Arizona 2/ .......: 576 (NA) 11.30 (NA) 6,509 (NA) California .......: 2,460 2,542 8.60 17.60 21,156 44,739 Georgia ..........: 2,520 2,276 32.90 49.70 82,908 113,117 Texas ............: 3,003 2,838 26.40 51.80 79,279 147,008 : United States ....: 8,559 7,656 22.20 39.80 189,852 304,864 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Primarily fresh market. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2010. Spring onions: The end-of-season spring onion production estimate, at 7.66 million cwt, is down 11 percent from last year. Area harvested, at 25,900 acres, is down 5 percent from a year ago, and yield, at 296 cwt per acre, is down 19 cwt per acre from 2009. The value of the spring crop is estimated at 305 million dollars, 61 percent more than last year. In Georgia, transplanting of spring onions was delayed due to very cold weather during late December and January. Hot conditions during late May reduced yields. Planting of spring onions in California began in most areas by December. Cool and wet weather was reported during the growing season. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Acreage and production information included in this report are collected six times during the year. Acreage forecasts are obtained on a quarterly basis for fresh market and processing vegetables. For fresh market vegetables, growers are surveyed seasonally for estimates of crops such as onions and strawberries. Producers growing multiple fresh market crops are surveyed at seasonal intervals in major producing States for the remaining vegetable crops in the program. Data are collected by telephone interviews, mail out, faxed questionnaires, and personal interviews. Data accuracy and reducing respondent burden are taken into account in conducting the surveys. The most desirable survey method is to do a complete enumeration of growers. When this is not possible, a mail inquiry, sent to a sample of growers, is conducted. Due to the variable nature of the vegetable industry, mail lists are frequently updated to ensure complete coverage. Summary and Estimation Procedures: The vegetable surveys collect data in the major producing States for each respective commodity. States with a small number of growers survey all known commercial producers of vegetable commodities. States with a large number of producers contact a sample of growers to get production data. Sampling may still result in a census for some vegetables. Revision Policy: Quarterly vegetables reports are released by season (winter in January, spring in April, summer in July, and fall in October) and they are not subject to revisions. At the end of the calendar year, all producers have the opportunity to update or provide any additional data corresponding to any of the weeks for the current and previous year. After these data are incorporated with previously reported data, revised seasonal estimates are published in the Vegetables Annual Summary. Reliability: The vegetable survey is subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch............................................. (202) 720-2127 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section...... (202) 720-2127 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.. (202) 720-2157 Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ....... (202) 720-4288 Dawn Keen - Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .............. (202) 720-4215 Steve Maliszewski - Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits............. (202) 720-5412 Tierra Mobley - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ......... (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mints, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .......... (202) 720-3250 Kim Ritchie - Hops...................................................... (360) 709-2400 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the "Receive NASS Updates" box under "Receive reports by Email," click on "National" or "State" to select the reports you would like to receive. 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