Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released July 11, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 1 Percent from June Durum Wheat Production Down 25 Percent from 2018 Other Spring Wheat Production Down 8 Percent from 2018 Orange Production Up 1 Percent from June Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.29 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the June 1 forecast and up 9 percent from 2018. As of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at 51.8 bushels per acre, up 1.3 bushels from last month and up 3.9 bushels from last year's average yield of 47.9 bushels per acre. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 24.9 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but up 1 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter production, at 804 million bushels, is up 1 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 259 million bushels, is up less than 1 percent from the June forecast. White Winter, at 227 million bushels, is up 2 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 23.2 million bushels are Hard White and 204 million bushels are Soft White. Durum wheat production is forecast at 58.1 million bushels, down 25 percent from 2018. The United States yield is forecast at 42.9 bushels per acre, up 3.6 bushels from last year. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 1.36 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but 31 percent below 2018. Other spring wheat production is forecast at 572 million bushels, down 8 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 12.1 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but 6 percent below 2018. The United States yield is forecast at a 47.2 bushels per acre, down 1.1 bushels from last year. Of the total production, 542 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 8 percent from last year. The United States all orange forecast for the 2018-2019 season is 5.33 million tons, up 1 percent from last month and up 36 percent from the 2017-2018 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 71.6 million boxes (3.22 million tons), is up slightly from last month and up 59 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 30.4 million boxes (1.37 million tons), unchanged from last month but up 60 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 41.2 million boxes (1.85 million tons), is up slightly from last month and up 58 percent from last season's final utilization. The California all orange forecast is 50.0 million boxes (2.00 million tons), up 2 percent from the previous forecast and up 10 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast, at 40.0 million boxes (1.60 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but up 11 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 10.0 million boxes (400,000 tons), up 11 percent from last month and up 5 percent from last season's final utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 2.49 million boxes (106,000 tons), is up 33 percent from the previous forecast and up 32 percent from last season's final utilization. This report was approved on July 11, 2019. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Bill Northey Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019...... 4 Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019... 4 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019................................................................................................ 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019................................................................................................ 6 Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019................................................................................................ 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019................................. 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2017-2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019................................................................................................ 7 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019..................................................................................... 8 Apricots Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019............................ 9 Almond Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019.............................. 9 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019..... 10 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019....... 12 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019................................. 14 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019................................... 15 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019............. 16 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2015-2019............................................. 17 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map......................................................................... 18 Departure from Normal Temperature Map....................................................................... 18 June Weather Summary........................................................................................ 19 June Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 19 Crop Comments............................................................................................... 21 Statistical Methodology..................................................................................... 24 Information Contacts........................................................................................ 26 Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres ---- bushels ---- 1,000 bushels : California .......: 6 9 70.0 100.0 420 900 Idaho ............: 10 10 84.0 85.0 840 850 Illinois .........: 25 20 83.0 66.0 2,075 1,320 Iowa .............: 33 80 63.0 63.0 2,079 5,040 Kansas ...........: 18 25 49.0 57.0 882 1,425 Maine ............: 19 20 67.0 68.0 1,273 1,360 Michigan .........: 50 35 63.0 67.0 3,150 2,345 Minnesota ........: 105 110 59.0 75.0 6,195 8,250 Montana ..........: 23 30 43.0 40.0 989 1,200 Nebraska .........: 22 19 69.0 82.0 1,518 1,558 : New York .........: 43 35 54.0 59.0 2,322 2,065 North Dakota .....: 105 110 82.0 78.0 8,610 8,580 Ohio .............: 30 35 65.0 63.0 1,950 2,205 Oregon ...........: 5 8 99.0 75.0 495 600 Pennsylvania .....: 35 50 46.0 58.0 1,610 2,900 South Dakota .....: 95 85 82.0 93.0 7,790 7,905 Texas ............: 50 40 50.0 40.0 2,500 1,600 Wisconsin ........: 90 130 61.0 62.0 5,490 8,060 : Other States 1/ ..: 101 58 58.8 59.7 5,942 3,465 : United States ....: 865 909 64.9 67.8 56,130 61,628 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ For 2018, Other States include: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Washington, and Wyoming. For 2019, Other States include: Arkansas, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2019 Summary." Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 9 15 100.0 130.0 900 1,950 California .....: 26 48 69.0 60.0 1,794 2,880 Colorado .......: 52 77 145.0 130.0 7,540 10,010 Idaho ..........: 530 485 101.0 98.0 53,530 47,530 Minnesota ......: 67 77 76.0 72.0 5,092 5,544 Montana ........: 600 705 56.0 47.0 33,600 33,135 North Dakota ...: 385 535 74.0 78.0 28,490 41,730 Virginia .......: 9 9 70.0 73.0 630 657 Washington .....: 67 93 73.0 68.0 4,891 6,324 Wyoming ........: 50 76 100.0 100.0 5,000 7,600 : Other States 1/ : 183 211 63.5 64.0 11,615 13,497 : United States ..: 1,978 2,331 77.4 73.3 153,082 170,857 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include: Alaska, Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and Wisconsin. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2019 Summary." Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 95 60 55.0 60.0 60.0 5,225 3,600 California .....: 110 135 77.0 65.0 65.0 8,470 8,775 Colorado .......: 1,950 2,150 36.0 41.0 44.0 70,200 94,600 Idaho ..........: 680 680 90.0 83.0 87.0 61,200 59,160 Illinois .......: 560 590 66.0 65.0 63.0 36,960 37,170 Indiana ........: 260 260 71.0 69.0 67.0 18,460 17,420 Kansas .........: 7,300 6,600 38.0 50.0 50.0 277,400 330,000 Kentucky .......: 300 320 66.0 77.0 77.0 19,800 24,640 Maryland .......: 200 165 63.0 67.0 75.0 12,600 12,375 Michigan .......: 470 490 76.0 74.0 75.0 35,720 36,750 : Mississippi ....: 30 20 49.0 52.0 52.0 1,470 1,040 Missouri .......: 520 470 59.0 56.0 60.0 30,680 28,200 Montana ........: 1,570 1,850 50.0 45.0 46.0 78,500 85,100 Nebraska .......: 1,010 970 49.0 50.0 53.0 49,490 51,410 North Carolina .: 370 225 57.0 56.0 53.0 21,090 11,925 North Dakota ...: 70 75 43.0 50.0 45.0 3,010 3,375 Ohio ...........: 450 420 75.0 63.0 64.0 33,750 26,880 Oklahoma .......: 2,500 2,750 28.0 37.0 38.0 70,000 104,500 Oregon .........: 695 730 67.0 57.0 58.0 46,565 42,340 South Dakota ...: 660 730 48.0 52.0 54.0 31,680 39,420 : Tennessee ......: 285 225 65.0 67.0 66.0 18,525 14,850 Texas ..........: 1,750 2,200 32.0 33.0 35.0 56,000 77,000 Virginia .......: 155 115 60.0 67.0 66.0 9,300 7,590 Washington .....: 1,650 1,660 76.0 69.0 70.0 125,400 116,200 Wisconsin ......: 200 170 71.0 65.0 66.0 14,200 11,220 : Other States 1/ : 902 864 53.5 52.4 52.2 48,244 45,086 : United States ..: 24,742 24,924 47.9 50.5 51.8 1,183,939 1,290,626 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ For 2018, Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. For 2019, Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2019 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- 1,000 acres -- --------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 70 44 106.0 102.0 103.0 7,420 4,532 California .....: 33 42 95.0 105.0 107.0 3,135 4,494 Idaho ..........: 11 5 85.0 (NA) 87.0 935 435 Montana ........: 775 585 30.0 (NA) 39.0 23,250 22,815 North Dakota ...: 1,075 680 39.5 (NA) 38.0 42,463 25,840 South Dakota 1/ : 3 (NA) 28.0 (NA) (NA) 84 (NA) : United States ..: 1,967 1,356 39.3 (NA) 42.9 77,287 58,116 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- ---- bushels ---- 1,000 bushels : Colorado 1/ ....: 4 (NA) 76.0 (NA) 304 (NA) Idaho ..........: 445 460 95.0 86.0 42,275 39,560 Minnesota ......: 1,570 1,480 59.0 62.0 92,630 91,760 Montana ........: 2,820 2,500 34.0 32.0 95,880 80,000 Nevada 1/ ......: 3 (NA) 100.0 (NA) 300 (NA) North Dakota ...: 6,490 6,400 49.0 47.0 318,010 300,800 Oregon 1/ ......: 75 (NA) 67.0 (NA) 5,025 (NA) South Dakota ...: 965 770 42.0 48.0 40,530 36,960 Utah 1/ ........: 9 (NA) 52.0 (NA) 468 (NA) Washington .....: 515 515 54.0 45.0 27,810 23,175 : United States ..: 12,896 12,125 48.3 47.2 623,232 572,255 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2018 : 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ..........: 662,249 804,477 Soft red ..........: 285,558 259,173 Hard white ........: 19,347 23,219 Soft white ........: 216,785 203,757 : Spring : Hard red ..........: 587,007 541,815 Hard white ........: 13,510 12,495 Soft white ........: 22,715 17,945 Durum .............: 77,287 58,116 : Total .......... : 1,884,458 1,920,997 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2017-2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ------ ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all ............: 45,400 50,000 1,816 2,000 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 35,900 40,000 1,436 1,600 Valencia ..................: 9,500 10,000 380 400 : Florida, all ...............: 45,050 71,600 2,028 3,222 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 18,950 30,400 853 1,368 Valencia ..................: 26,100 41,200 1,175 1,854 : Texas, all .................: 1,880 2,490 80 106 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 1,530 2,200 65 94 Valencia ..................: 350 290 15 12 : United States, all .........: 92,330 124,090 3,924 5,328 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 56,380 72,600 2,354 3,062 Valencia ..................: 35,950 51,490 1,570 2,266 : Grapefruit : California .................: 4,000 4,500 160 180 Florida, all ...............: 3,880 4,510 165 192 Red .......................: 3,180 3,740 135 159 White .....................: 700 770 30 33 Texas ......................: 4,800 6,100 192 244 : United States ..............: 12,680 15,110 517 616 : Tangerines and mandarins 3/ : California .................: 19,200 21,000 768 840 Florida ....................: 750 990 36 47 : United States ..............: 19,950 21,990 804 887 : Lemons : Arizona ....................: 1,000 1,390 40 56 California .................: 21,200 21,000 848 840 : United States ..............: 22,200 22,390 888 896 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 3/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period had not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production Class, type and State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ acres ----- ---- pounds ---- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ................................: 12,500 10,000 1,900 1,900 23,750 19,000 North Carolina .........................: 152,000 122,000 1,650 2,000 250,800 244,000 South Carolina .........................: 12,300 10,000 1,800 2,000 22,140 20,000 Virginia ...............................: 21,000 17,000 2,000 2,200 42,000 37,400 : United States ..........................: 197,800 159,000 1,712 2,015 338,690 320,400 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 11,000 8,000 3,200 35,200 Tennessee ..............................: 7,600 6,400 3,050 23,180 Virginia ...............................: 280 220 1,950 546 : United States ..........................: 18,880 14,620 3,121 58,926 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 50,000 45,000 1,600 80,000 North Carolina .......................: 750 400 1,500 1,125 Pennsylvania .........................: 4,000 2,500 2,200 8,800 Tennessee ............................: 5,300 3,500 1,700 9,010 Virginia .............................: 1,000 700 1,500 1,500 : United States ........................: 61,050 52,100 1,645 100,435 : Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt : Pennsylvania .........................: 1,400 1,000 2,200 3,080 : United States ........................: 1,400 1,000 2,200 3,080 : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 62,450 53,100 1,658 103,515 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 7,100 5,000 2,700 19,170 Tennessee ..............................: 2,800 1,900 2,650 7,420 : United States ..........................: 9,900 6,900 2,686 26,590 : Class 4, Cigar filler : Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,400 2,200 2,300 5,520 : United States ........................: 2,400 2,200 2,300 5,520 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 291,430 235,820 1,830 533,241 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apricots Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ............: 31,700 58,000 Washington ............: 7,850 6,500 : United States .........: 39,550 64,500 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Almond Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted July 1, 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production (shelled basis) State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : California ............: 2,280,000 2,200,000 : United States .........: 2,280,000 2,200,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,543 2,857 1,978 2,331 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 89,129 91,700 81,740 83,595 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,113 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,839 52,773 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 16,608 16,828 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 36,231 35,945 Oats ...................................: 2,746 2,549 865 909 Proso millet ...........................: 443 433 403 Rice ...................................: 2,946 2,756 2,915 2,711 Rye ....................................: 2,011 1,875 273 298 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 5,690 5,125 5,061 4,585 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 264 Wheat, all .............................: 47,800 45,609 39,605 38,405 Winter ...............................: 32,535 31,778 24,742 24,924 Durum ................................: 2,065 1,401 1,967 1,356 Other spring .........................: 13,200 12,430 12,896 12,125 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,990.7 2,018.0 1,943.5 1,986.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 208 355 198 340 Mustard seed ...........................: 102.5 110.0 97.5 104.5 Peanuts ................................: 1,425.5 1,364.0 1,368.5 1,323.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 5.7 14.8 5.4 14.0 Safflower ..............................: 167.5 153.0 156.4 145.5 Soybeans for beans .....................: 89,196 80,040 88,110 79,266 Sunflower ..............................: 1,301.0 1,380.0 1,222.5 1,322.0 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 14,100.3 13,720.0 10,205.8 Upland ...............................: 13,850.0 13,445.0 9,957.0 American Pima ........................: 250.3 275.0 248.8 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,113.1 1,126.8 1,095.4 1,105.1 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 899.7 916.4 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 291.4 235.8 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ ................: 16.4 (NA) 10.9 (NA) Chickpeas 3/ ...........................: 859.6 559.5 842.8 547.7 Dry edible beans 3/ ....................: 2,081.0 1,307.0 2,016.0 1,259.3 Dry edible peas 2/ .....................: 856.5 1,027.0 807.9 972.0 Lentils ................................: 780.0 535.0 718.0 508.0 Wrinkled seed peas 2/ ..................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 55.0 57.3 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 58.5 Potatoes ...............................: 1,033.2 967.5 1,023.3 959.6 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 20.8 Taro (Hawaii) 4/ .......................: (NA) (NA) 0.3 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 77.4 73.3 153,082 170,857 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 176.4 14,420,101 Corn for silage ....................tons: 19.9 121,361 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.34 123,600 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.17 52,634 All other ........................tons: 1.96 70,966 Oats ............................bushels: 64.9 67.8 56,130 61,628 Proso millet ....................bushels: 29.8 11,991 Rice 5/ .............................cwt: 7,692 224,211 Rye .............................bushels: 30.9 8,432 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 72.1 364,986 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 12.6 3,326 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 47.6 50.0 1,884,458 1,920,997 Winter ........................bushels: 47.9 51.8 1,183,939 1,290,626 Durum .........................bushels: 39.3 42.9 77,287 58,116 Other spring ..................bushels: 48.3 47.2 623,232 572,255 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,861 3,616,560 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 5,631.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 22.6 4,466 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 750 73,078 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,991 5,461,600 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,524 8,230 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,511 236,380 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 51.6 4,543,883 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,731 2,116,410 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 5/ ....................bales: 864 18,367.0 Upland 5/ .......................bales: 847 17,566.0 American Pima 5/ ................bales: 1,545 801.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 30.3 33,145 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 38.4 34,542 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 1,830 533,241 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ 5/ ..........cwt: 1,138 (NA) 124 (NA) Chickpeas 3/ 5/ .....................cwt: 1,512 12,742 Dry edible beans 3/ 5/ ..............cwt: 1,860 37,494 Dry edible peas 2/ 5/ ...............cwt: 1,972 15,929 Lentils 5/ ..........................cwt: 1,171 8,408 Wrinkled seed peas 2/ ...............cwt: (NA) (NA) 389 (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,943 106,906.7 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,199 4,240 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 917,235 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 92 5,377 Potatoes ............................cwt: 444 454,314 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 124 2,571 Taro (Hawaii) 4/ .................pounds: 9,630 (NA) 2,985 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Beginning in 2019, Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas are included in dry edible peas. 3/ Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans. 4/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. 5/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,029,130 1,156,200 800,480 943,330 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 36,069,620 37,110,070 33,079,360 33,830,060 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,473,870 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,383,410 21,356,710 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 6,721,090 6,810,120 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,662,320 14,546,580 Oats ...........................: 1,111,280 1,031,550 350,060 367,860 Proso millet ...................: 179,280 175,230 163,090 Rice ...........................: 1,192,220 1,115,330 1,179,670 1,097,110 Rye ............................: 813,830 758,790 110,480 120,600 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,302,690 2,074,040 2,048,140 1,855,500 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 106,840 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 19,344,180 18,457,510 16,027,750 15,542,120 Winter .......................: 13,166,590 12,860,240 10,012,840 10,086,490 Durum ........................: 835,680 566,970 796,030 548,760 Other spring .................: 5,341,910 5,030,300 5,218,880 4,906,870 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 805,620 816,660 786,520 803,710 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 84,180 143,660 80,130 137,590 Mustard seed ...................: 41,480 44,520 39,460 42,290 Peanuts ........................: 576,890 552,000 553,820 535,400 Rapeseed .......................: 2,310 5,990 2,190 5,670 Safflower ......................: 67,790 61,920 63,290 58,880 Soybeans for beans .............: 36,096,730 32,391,390 35,657,240 32,078,160 Sunflower ......................: 526,500 558,470 494,730 535,000 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 5,706,250 5,552,350 4,130,190 Upland .......................: 5,604,960 5,441,060 4,029,500 American Pima ................: 101,290 111,290 100,690 Sugarbeets .....................: 450,460 456,000 443,300 447,220 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 364,100 370,860 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 117,940 95,430 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 3/ ........: 6,640 (NA) 4,410 (NA) Chickpeas 4/ ...................: 347,870 226,420 341,070 221,650 Dry edible beans 4/ ............: 842,160 528,930 815,860 509,630 Dry edible peas 3/ .............: 346,620 415,620 326,950 393,360 Lentils ........................: 315,660 216,510 290,570 205,580 Wrinkled seed peas 3/ ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 22,270 23,200 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 23,670 Potatoes .......................: 418,130 391,540 414,120 388,340 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 8,420 Taro (Hawaii) 5/ ...............: (NA) (NA) 130 (NA) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.16 3.94 3,332,970 3,719,970 Corn for grain .........................: 11.07 366,287,440 Corn for silage ........................: 44.50 110,096,850 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.24 112,128,030 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.10 47,748,760 All other ............................: 4.39 64,379,270 Oats ...................................: 2.33 2.43 814,720 894,530 Proso millet ...........................: 1.67 271,950 Rice ...................................: 8.62 10,170,040 Rye ....................................: 1.94 214,180 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.53 9,271,070 Sorghum for silage .....................: 28.24 3,017,300 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.20 3.36 51,286,540 52,280,970 Winter ...............................: 3.22 3.48 32,221,540 35,125,080 Durum ................................: 2.64 2.88 2,103,410 1,581,660 Other spring .........................: 3.25 3.17 16,961,600 15,574,230 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.09 1,640,440 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 5,108,360 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.42 113,440 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.84 33,150 Peanuts ................................: 4.47 2,477,340 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.71 3,730 Safflower ..............................: 1.69 107,220 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.47 123,664,230 Sunflower ..............................: 1.94 959,990 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.97 3,998,940 Upland ...............................: 0.95 3,824,550 American Pima ........................: 1.73 174,400 Sugarbeets .............................: 67.83 30,068,640 Sugarcane ..............................: 86.06 31,335,980 Tobacco ................................: 2.05 241,870 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 3/ ................: 1.28 (NA) 5,620 (NA) Chickpeas 4/ ...........................: 1.69 577,970 Dry edible beans 4/ ....................: 2.08 1,700,700 Dry edible peas 3/ .....................: 2.21 722,530 Lentils ................................: 1.31 381,380 Wrinkled seed peas 3/ ..................: (NA) (NA) 17,640 (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.18 48,490 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 21,000 21,200 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 416,050 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 2,440 Potatoes ...............................: 49.76 20,607,340 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.14 1,170 Taro (Hawaii) 5/ .......................: 10.80 (NA) 1,350 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. 3/ Beginning in 2019, Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas are included in dry edible peas. 4/ Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans. 5/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2018-2019 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 517 616 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 888 896 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 3,924 5,328 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 804 887 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 10,257.0 Apricots ..............................tons: 39,550 64,500 Avocados ..............................tons: 185,770 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 562,300 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 50,400 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 344,400 362,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 298.3 290.2 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 27,300 Cranberries .........................barrel: 8,926,000 : Dates .................................tons: 41,050 Grapes ................................tons: 7,596,000 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 37,800 Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 120,500 Olives (California) ...................tons: 53,600 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 10,400 Peaches ...............................tons: 651,500 Pears .................................tons: 805,500 Plums (California) ....................tons: 100,000 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 90,200 110,000 Raspberries, all .............1,000 pounds: 218,800 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 28,577.9 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,280,000 2,200,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 51,000 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 35,300 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 242,930 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 987,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 676,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2018-2019 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 469,010 558,830 Lemons ....................................: 805,580 812,840 Oranges ...................................: 3,559,790 4,833,480 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 729,380 804,670 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 4,652,500 Apricots ..................................: 35,880 58,510 Avocados ..................................: 168,530 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 255,060 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 22,860 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 312,430 328,400 Cherries, Tart ............................: 135,310 131,630 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 12,380 Cranberries ...............................: 404,880 : Dates .....................................: 37,240 Grapes ....................................: 6,890,980 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 34,290 Nectarines (California) ...................: 109,320 Olives (California) .......................: 48,630 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 4,720 Peaches ...................................: 591,030 Pears .....................................: 730,740 Plums (California) ........................: 90,720 Prunes (California) .......................: 81,830 99,790 Raspberries, all ..........................: 99,250 Strawberries ..............................: 1,296,270 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,034,190 997,900 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 46,270 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 16,010 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 110,190 Pistachios (California) ...................: 447,700 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 613,260 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2019. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2015 ..........: 16 64 93 2016 ..........: 21 68 94 2017 ..........: 28 69 93 2018 ..........: 18 69 93 2019 ..........: 8 50 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2015-2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July ................: 51.1 43.0 43.4 40.6 49.3 August ..............: 49.3 43.6 43.2 41.0 Final ...............: 49.3 43.6 43.2 41.0 : Illinois : July ................: 56.7 57.4 56.4 60.9 48.1 August ..............: 56.9 57.3 56.4 60.9 Final ...............: 56.9 57.3 56.4 60.9 : Kansas : July ................: 43.1 54.7 44.3 37.3 46.9 August ..............: 43.1 54.7 44.6 37.3 Final ...............: 43.1 54.7 44.6 37.3 : Missouri : July ................: 52.5 53.7 53.9 53.7 56.4 August ..............: 52.5 53.7 53.9 53.7 Final ...............: 52.5 53.7 53.9 53.7 : Montana : July ................: 48.9 54.6 44.4 44.1 45.2 August ..............: 47.7 55.2 46.2 44.8 Final ...............: 47.7 55.2 46.2 44.7 : Nebraska : July ................: 47.9 60.2 52.5 50.5 53.1 August ..............: 47.6 60.3 53.3 50.4 Final ...............: 47.6 60.3 53.3 50.4 : Ohio : July ................: 51.0 58.0 58.2 70.3 52.0 August ..............: 51.2 58.0 58.2 70.3 Final ...............: 51.2 58.0 58.2 70.3 : Oklahoma : July ................: 39.6 41.8 35.7 32.9 38.1 August ..............: 39.4 41.8 35.7 32.4 Final ...............: 39.4 41.8 35.7 32.4 : Texas : July ................: 34.3 34.4 26.6 30.9 34.3 August ..............: 34.3 34.4 26.8 30.9 Final ...............: 34.2 34.5 26.8 31.1 : Washington : July ................: 31.3 36.1 34.3 41.8 34.2 August ..............: 31.3 35.3 35.8 42.3 Final ...............: 31.3 35.5 35.7 42.3 : 10 State : July ................: 42.8 48.3 41.2 40.1 44.0 August ..............: 42.4 48.4 41.7 40.1 Final ...............: 42.4 48.4 41.7 40.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2019 Summary." June Weather Summary Active weather continued during June across the central and eastern United States, although rainfall in general was more evenly distributed and less intense than previously observed. Some of the heaviest rain stretched from the mid-South into the Ohio Valley, contributing to late-season planting delays and pockets of flooding. By June 30, only 92 percent of the intended soybean acreage had been planted, compared to the 5-year average of 99 percent. Meanwhile, drought concerns remained mostly minimal, except in areas such as the Pacific Northwest and parts of the Southeast. By June 30, topsoil moisture was rated more than 40 percent very short to short in Oregon (50 percent), Alabama (49 percent), Washington (42 percent), Georgia (41 percent), and North Carolina (41 percent). June warmth and dryness in the Far West promoted fieldwork and crop development, including winter wheat maturation. In contrast, delayed winter wheat maturation and wet conditions slowed harvest activities across large sections of the Plains, mid-South, and lower Midwest. By June 30, just 30 percent of the 2019 winter wheat crop had been harvested, compared with the 5-year average of 48 percent. Elsewhere, hot weather prevailed from southern Texas to the southern Atlantic Coast, but near- or slightly below-normal temperatures covered most other regions, including the Rockies, Intermountain West, Plains, Midwest, and Northeast. In areas such as the southern and eastern Corn Belt where many summer crops were planted unusually late, periods of cool weather further delayed corn and soybean emergence and development. Only 83 percent of the Nation's soybeans had emerged by June 30, compared to the 5-year average of 95 percent. June Agricultural Summary June was cooler than average for much of the Nation, especially in the Delta, Great Lakes, Great Plains, mid-Atlantic, northern Mississippi Valley, Northeast, Rocky Mountains, and Southwest with temperatures averaging 2°F or more below normal. However, temperatures were warmer in Alabama, California, Georgia, Florida, southern Texas, and the Pacific Northwest averaging 4°F or more above normal in some areas. The eastern half of United States was wetter than normal for the month of June. Parts of Kansas, the mid-Atlantic, Mississippi Valley, Ohio Valley, Oklahoma, Southeast, and eastern Texas received more than 10 inches of rain during the month. However, California, the Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountains, and Southwest remained dry. By June 2, producers had planted 67 percent of the Nation's corn acreage, 29 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Forty-six percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by June 2, thirty-eight percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Producers had planted 92 percent of the Nation's corn acreage by June 16, eight percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Seventy-nine percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by June 16, eighteen percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. By June 30, ninety-four percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged, 6 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. On June 30, fifty-six percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 20 percentage points below the same time last year. Thirty-nine percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by June 2, forty-seven percentage points behind the previous year and 40 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Illinois, 21 percent of the soybean acreage was planted by June 2, seventy-two percentage points behind the previous year and 63 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the soybean acreage had emerged by June 2, forty-six percentage points behind the previous year and 37 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-seven percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by June 16, nineteen percentage points behind the previous year and 16 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-five percent of the soybean acreage had emerged by June 16, thirty-four percentage points behind the previous year and 29 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty percent of Illinois' soybean acreage had emerged by June 16, forty-three percentage points behind the previous year and 38 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, ninety-two percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted, 8 percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-three percent of the soybean acreage had emerged by June 30, fifteen percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-eight percent of Illinois' soybean acreage had emerged by June 30, twenty-two percentage points behind the previous year and 18 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, fifty- -four percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 17 percentage points below the same time last year. By June 2, seventy-six percent of the Nation's winter wheat acreage had reached the heading stage, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 16, eighty-nine percent of the Nation's winter wheat acreage had reached the heading stage, 5 percentage points behind the previous year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eight percent of the winter wheat acreage was harvested by June 16, seventeen percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 30, ninety-seven percent of the winter wheat acreage had reached the heading stage, 3 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Thirty percent of the winter wheat acreage was harvested by June 30, twenty percentage points behind the previous year and 18 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Kansas, 28 percent of the State's winter wheat acreage was harvested by June 30, forty percentage points behind the previous year and 33 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, sixty-three percent of the winter wheat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition, 26 percentage points above the same time last year. Nationwide, 71 percent of the cotton acreage had been planted by June 2, three percentage points behind the previous year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Eight percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 2, one percentage point behind the previous year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By June 16, eighty-nine percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had been planted, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 16, two percentage points behind the previous year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By June 23, three percent of the cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 3 percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-seven percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 30, four percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Texas, 29 percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 30, one percentage point behind the previous year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 30, seven percent of the cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, fifty-two percent of the 2019 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points above the same time last year. Thirty-five percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by June 2, twenty-four percentage points behind the previous year and eighteen percentage points behind the 5-year average. Producers in Texas had planted 85 percent of the State's sorghum acreage at that time, 10 percentage points behind the previous year but identical to the 5-year average. By June 9, fourteen percent of the sorghum acreage had reached the heading stage, 1 percentage point behind the previous year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-nine percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by June 16, nineteen percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 16, fifteen percent of the sorghum acreage had reached the heading stage, 3 percentage points behind the previous year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the sorghum acreage was planted by June 30, four percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 30, twenty percent of the sorghum acreage had reached the heading stage, 2 percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on June 30, twenty percentage points above the same time last year. Producers had seeded 91 percent of the 2019 rice acreage by June 2, eight percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 2, seventy-six percent of the rice acreage had emerged, 18 percentage points behind the previous year and 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the rice acreage had emerged by June 16, six percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 23, five percent of the rice acreage had reached the heading stage, one percentage point behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 30, ten percent of the rice acreage had reached the heading stage, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Arkansas rice acreage had not reached the heading stage by June 30. Sixty-eight percent of the Nation's rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on June 30, three percentage points below the same time last year. Nationally, oat producers had seeded 91 percent of this year's acreage by June 2, six percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-seven percent of the oat acreage had emerged by June 2, twelve percentage points behind the previous year and 16 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-three percent of the oat acreage had reached the heading stage by June 2, seven percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 16, ninety-four percent of the oat acreage had emerged, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-three percent of the oat acreage had reached the heading stage by June 16, seventeen percentage points behind the previous year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-eight percent of the oat acreage had reached the heading stage by June 30, twenty-two percentage points behind the previous year and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, sixty-five percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 8 percentage points below the same time last year. Ninety-four percent of the Nation's barley was planted by June 2, two percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 2, seventy-three percent of the barley acreage had emerged, 7 percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 16, ninety-two percent of the barley acreage had emerged, 3 percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Two percent of the barley acreage had headed by June 16, five percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-one percent of the barley acreage had headed by June 30, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, seventy-two percent of the Nation's barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 12 percentage points below the same time the last year. By June 2, ninety-three percent of the Nation's spring wheat acreage was seeded, 3 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Sixty-nine percent of the spring wheat had emerged by June 2, nine percentage points behind the previous year and 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the spring wheat had emerged by June 16, two percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. By June 16, two percent of the spring wheat crop had headed, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 30, twenty-five percent of the spring wheat crop had reached the heading stage, 30 percentage points behind the previous year and 27 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-five percent of the Nation's spring wheat was rated in good to excellent condition on June 30, two percentage points below the same time last year. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 86 percent of this year's peanut acreage by June 2, four percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Peanut producers had planted 94 percent of this year's peanut acreage by June 16, one percentage point behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixteen percent of the peanut acreage had reached the pegging stage by June 16, four percentage points ahead of the previous year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 30, forty-seven percent of the peanut acreage had reached the pegging stage, 5 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 30, sixty-eight percent of the peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point above the same time last year. By June 2, ninety-seven percent of the sugarbeet acreage was planted, 3 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the Nation's 2019 sunflower acreage had been planted by June 2, twenty-seven percentage points behind the previous year and 25 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 16, sixty-eight percent of the intended sunflower acreage had been planted, 13 percentage points behind last year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the sunflower acreage had been planted by June 30, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Crop Comments Oats: Production is forecast at 61.6 million bushels, up 15 percent from 2018 for comparable States. Growers expect to harvest 909,000 acres for grain or seed, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but up 10 percent from 2018 for comparable States. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 67.8 bushels per acre, up 2.5 bushels from 2018 for comparable States. As of June 30, fifty-eight percent of the oat acreage was headed, 22 percentage points behind the previous year's pace and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of June 30, sixty-five percent of the oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 73 percent at the same time last year. Barley: Production is forecast at 171 million bushels, up 12 percent from 2018. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 73.3 bushels per acre, down 4.1 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 2.33 million acres, is unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but up 18 percent from 2018. Ninety-four percent of the barley acreage was planted by June 2, two percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 9, eighty-six percent of the barley acreage had emerged, 5 percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-one percent of the Nation's barley acreage had reached the heading stage by June 30, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 30, seventy-two percent of the barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 84 percent at the same time last year. Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.29 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the June 1 forecast and up 9 percent from 2018. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 51.8 bushels per acre, up 1.3 bushels from last month and up 3.9 bushels from last year's average yield of 47.9 bushels per acre. If realized, this will be the second highest yield on record behind 2016's record high yield of 55.3 bushels per acre. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 24.9 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but up 1 percent from last year. A record high yield is forecast in Maryland for 2019. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are above last year's final head count in all States. As of June 30, harvest progress was behind normal in all major Hard Red Winter (HRW) States except Montana where harvest had not yet begun. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are above last year's levels in Missouri but below last year's level in Illinois and Ohio. As of June 30, harvest progress in the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area was behind normal in all major producing States except Michigan where harvest had not yet begun. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year. Seventy-four percent of the Washington crop was rated in good to excellent condition as of June 30. Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 58.1 million bushels, down 25 percent from 2018. The United States yield is forecast at 42.9 bushels per acre, up 3.6 bushels from last year. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 1.36 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but 31 percent below 2018. Crop development has remained behind the normal pace this year in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. As of June 30, forty percent of the acreage in Montana and 65 percent of the acreage in North Dakota was rated in good to excellent condition. Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 572 million bushels, down 8 percent from 2018. The United States yield is forecast at 47.2 bushels per acre, down 1.1 bushels from a year ago. Of the total production, 542 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 8 percent from last year. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 12.1 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 28, 2019, but 6 percent below 2018. Spring wheat planting and development started out behind the normal pace and has remained behind the normal pace to date. In the six major producing States, 25 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage as of June 30, thirty percentage points behind last year and 27 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Heading progress was most advanced in Washington, with 79 percent of the acreage headed. As of June 30, seventy-five percent of the other spring wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 77 percent rated in these two categories at the same time last year. Grapefruit: The United States 2018-2019 grapefruit crop is forecast at 616,000 tons, up 2 percent from last month and up 19 percent from last season's final utilization. In Texas, expected production, at 6.10 million boxes (244,000 tons), is down 3 percent from last month but up 27 percent from last year. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 887,000 tons, down 4 percent from last month but up 10 percent from last season's final utilization. The California forecast, at 21.0 million boxes (840,000 tons), is down 5 percent from last month but up 9 percent from the previous year. Lemons: The July forecast for the 2018-2019 United States lemon crop is 896,000 tons, up 5 percent from last month and up 1 percent from last season's final utilization. The California production forecast, at 21.0 million boxes (840,000 tons), is up 5 percent from last month but down 1 percent from the 2017-2018 season. Tobacco: The 2019 United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 320 million pounds, down 5 percent from 2018. Area harvested, at 159,000 acres, is 20 percent below last year. Yield for the 2019 crop year is forecast at 2,015 pounds per acre, 303 pounds above last year. If realized, this will be the lowest flue-cured tobacco harvested acreage and production on record. North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia growers reported that the majority of their crop was rated in good to excellent condition, while Georgia growers reported that the majority of their crop was rated in fair to good condition as of the week ending June 30. Apricots: The 2019 apricot crop is forecast at 64,500 tons, up 63 percent from last year. In California, growers reported good conditions with sufficient chill hours and additional precipitation this year. In Washington, some growers reported freeze damage from low February temperatures. Almonds: The 2019 California almond total production (shelled basis) is forecast at 2.20 billion pounds, down 12 percent from the previous forecast and 4 percent below the previous year. The July forecast is based on the almond objective measurement survey. Significant rainfall during the bloom hindered pollination and strong winds were reported to have damaged trees and knocked off some nuts. Instances of rain persisted through April and May, prompting concerns about disease pressure and warranting extra fungal applications. Cooler than average temperatures have continued throughout the growing season and the crop development was about a week behind last year. The complete report is available at: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Special ty_and_Other_Releases/Almond/Objective-Measurement/201907almom.pdf Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 8 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 70 percent of the 2018 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: In Florida, during August and September, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective measurement estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 2.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 2.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 4.0 percent. Differences between the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 25 million bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 81 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 orange production forecast is 1.4 percent. However, if you exclude the four abnormal production seasons (one freeze and three hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.3 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.4 percent, or 1.3 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.4 percent, or 2.2 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the July 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 90,000 tons (78,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 9,000 tons to 251,000 tons (9,000 tons to 227,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons.) The July 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times (below 6 times and above 10 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the July 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................... (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section........................................ (202) 720-2127 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports............................. (202) 720-3338 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.................................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay......................................... (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.................................................. (202) 690-3234 Sammy Neal - Peanuts, Rice..................................................... (202) 720-7688 Jannety Mosley - Crop Weather, Barley.......................................... (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat....................................................... (202) 720-8068 Chris Singh - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................. (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................... (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates- Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.................................................. (202) 720-4288 Vincent Davis - Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................... (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................ (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons -Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries.................................................. (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons .. (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans............................ (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. 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