Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released June 10, 2021, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 2 Percent from May Forecast Orange Production Up 1 Percent Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.31 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 12 percent from 2020. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 53.2 bushels per acre, up 1.1 bushels from last month and up 2.3 bushels from last year's average yield of 50.9 bushels per acre. Hard Red Winter production, at 771 million bushels, is up 6 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 335 million bushels, is up 1 percent from the May forecast. White Winter, at 202 million bushels, is down 8 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 15.4 million bushels are Hard White and 187 million bushels are Soft White. The United States all orange forecast for the 2020-2021 season is 4.50 million tons, up 1 percent the previous forecast but down 14 percent from the 2019-2020 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 52.7 million boxes (2.37 million tons), is up 2 percent from the previous forecast but down 22 percent from last season's final utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast at 22.7 million boxes (1.02 million tons), unchanged from the previous forecast but down 23 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 30.0 million boxes (1.35 million tons), is up 3 percent from the previous forecast but down 21 percent from last season's final utilization. California and Texas orange production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast. This report was approved on June 10, 2021. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Seth Meyer Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021............................................................................................. 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021............................................................................................. 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021.............................. 6 Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2020 and 2021................................. 7 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2019-2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021............................................................................................. 9 Tart Cherry Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021...................... 10 Sweet Cherry Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021..................... 10 Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2019-2021............................ 11 Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2019-2021........................................ 11 Maple Syrup Season - States and United States: 2019-2021................................................. 12 Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates - States and United States: 2019-2021.................... 12 Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container - States: 2019 and 2020.......................... 13 Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States: 2019 and 2020........................................................... 13 Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type - States: 2019 and 2020............................................. 13 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2020 and 2021.. 14 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2020 and 2021.... 16 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2020 and 2021.............................. 18 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2020 and 2021................................ 19 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2017-2021.......... 20 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map...................................................................... 21 Departure from Normal Temperature Map.................................................................... 21 May Weather Summary...................................................................................... 22 May Agricultural Summary................................................................................. 22 Crop Comments............................................................................................ 24 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................. 27 Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts.......................................................... 28 Information Contacts..................................................................................... 29 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2021 : : : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 :-------------------: 2020 : 2021 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres -------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 75 120 55.0 50.0 51.0 4,125 6,120 California .....: 80 70 75.0 75.0 77.0 6,000 5,390 Colorado .......: 1,520 1,700 27.0 34.0 39.0 41,040 66,300 Idaho ..........: 660 680 101.0 95.0 87.0 66,660 59,160 Illinois .......: 520 650 68.0 74.0 75.0 35,360 48,750 Indiana ........: 250 300 70.0 74.0 76.0 17,500 22,800 Kansas .........: 6,250 6,900 45.0 48.0 52.0 281,250 358,800 Kentucky .......: 340 365 63.0 75.0 77.0 21,420 28,105 Maryland .......: 150 155 73.0 73.0 72.0 10,950 11,160 Michigan .......: 450 520 75.0 82.0 80.0 33,750 41,600 : Mississippi ....: 20 60 48.0 52.0 52.0 960 3,120 Missouri .......: 370 480 62.0 68.0 70.0 22,940 33,600 Montana ........: 1,490 1,650 51.0 49.0 51.0 75,990 84,150 Nebraska .......: 830 780 41.0 47.0 51.0 34,030 39,780 North Carolina .: 350 360 60.0 53.0 52.0 21,000 18,720 North Dakota ...: 33 55 49.0 40.0 42.0 1,617 2,310 Ohio ...........: 490 530 71.0 75.0 78.0 34,790 41,340 Oklahoma .......: 2,600 2,700 40.0 40.0 39.0 104,000 105,300 Oregon .........: 725 705 64.0 56.0 50.0 46,400 35,250 South Dakota ...: 600 630 58.0 54.0 55.0 34,800 34,650 : Tennessee ......: 230 320 59.0 70.0 69.0 13,570 22,080 Texas ..........: 2,050 1,900 30.0 32.0 34.0 61,500 64,600 Virginia .......: 130 130 60.0 62.0 60.0 7,800 7,800 Washington .....: 1,750 1,690 76.0 64.0 57.0 133,000 96,330 Wisconsin ......: 125 220 69.0 70.0 71.0 8,625 15,620 : Other States 1/ : 936 942 55.5 59.3 59.6 51,945 56,165 : United States ..: 23,024 24,612 50.9 52.1 53.2 1,171,022 1,309,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2021 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 [Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in the "Acreage" report released June 2021. Yield and production will be published in the "Crop Production" report released July 2021. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2021 : : : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 :-------------------: 2020 : 2021 : : : : May 1 : June 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres --------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 43 44 99.0 100.0 102.0 4,257 4,488 California .....: 20 20 87.0 91.0 92.0 1,740 1,840 Idaho ..........: 9 89.0 801 Montana ........: 685 39.0 26,715 North Dakota ...: 905 39.0 35,295 : United States ..: 1,662 41.4 68,808 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2020 : 2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ..........: 658,640 771,467 Soft red ..........: 266,235 335,451 Hard white ........: 12,179 15,399 Soft white ........: 233,968 186,683 : Spring : Hard red ..........: 530,152 Hard white ........: 10,687 Soft white ........: 45,151 Durum .............: 68,808 : Total .......... : 1,825,820 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2020 and 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and variety : Area harvested : Strung for harvest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : Idaho : Amarillo R, VGXP01 : 538 408 Cascade ..................: 407 439 Cashmere .................: 125 183 Chinook ..................: 624 534 Citra R, HBC 394 : 1,527 1,823 Columbus/Tomahawk/Zeus ...: 1,457 985 Comet ....................: 93 148 El Dorado R .... : 526 621 Eureka! TM ..... : (D) 322 : Hallertauer Mittelfruher .: 159 159 Idaho 7 TM ..... : 564 561 Mosaic R, HBC 369 : 1,186 1,355 Mt. Rainier ..............: (D) 85 Northern Brewer ..........: 58 58 Saaz .....................: (D) 380 Simcoe R, YCR 14 : 425 386 Triumph ..................: 39 55 Willamette ...............: (D) 459 : Other varieties 1/ .......: 1,540 823 : Total ....................: 9,268 9,784 : Oregon : Amarillo R, VGXP01 : 216 193 Cascade ..................: 754 709 Centennial ...............: 489 372 Chinook ..................: 86 79 Citra R, HBC 394 : 1,327 1,499 Crystal ..................: (D) 178 Golding ..................: (D) 78 Liberty ..................: 56 54 Mosaic R, HBC 369 : 595 841 : Mt. Hood .................: 159 128 Mt. Rainier ..............: (D) 143 Nugget ...................: 826 592 Sabro TM, HBC 438 : 74 225 Simcoe R, YCR 14 : 474 499 Sterling .................: 58 59 Strata OR 91331 ..........: 484 829 Super Galena TM : 87 (D) Tahoma ...................: (D) 103 Willamette ...............: 605 455 : Other varieties 1/ .......: 814 535 : Total ....................: 7,104 7,571 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Hops Area Harvested by Variety - States and United States: 2020 and 2021 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State and variety : Area harvested : Strung for harvest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : acres : Washington : Ahtanum TM, YCR 1 : 230 168 Amarillo R, VGXP01 : 1,395 1,368 Apollo TM ...... : 750 (D) Azacca TM, ADHA-483 : 722 731 Bravo TM ....... : 201 239 Cascade ..................: 2,877 3,060 Cashmere .................: 448 725 Centennial ...............: 2,444 1,886 Chinook ..................: 1,183 1,213 : Citra R, HBC 394 : 8,143 8,672 Cluster ..................: 413 352 Columbus/Tomahawk/Zeus ...: 4,829 4,608 Comet ....................: 330 300 Ekuanot R, HBC 366 : 641 487 El Dorado R .... : 1,058 989 Eureka! TM ..... : 465 468 Galena ...................: 241 (D) Idaho 7 TM ..... : 341 327 Idaho Gem TM ... : (NA) 87 : Jarrylo R, ADHA-881 : 17 (D) Loral R, HBC 291 : 164 195 Mosaic R, HBC 369 : 3,715 4,178 Mt. Hood .................: 48 36 Mt. Rainier ..............: 223 212 Nugget ...................: (D) 19 Pahto TM, HBC 682 : 2,208 2,099 Palisade R, YCR 4 : 246 348 Pekko R, ADHA-871 : 801 1,066 Sabro TM, HBC 438 : 1,145 1,122 : Simcoe R, YCR 14 : 3,214 3,266 Summit TM ...... : 640 438 Super Galena TM : 475 480 Tahoma ...................: 177 383 Warrior R, YCR 5 : 283 177 Willamette ...............: 203 129 Experimental .............: 453 617 : Other varieties 1/ .......: 1,546 2,935 : Total ....................: 42,269 43,380 : United States 2/ ...... : 58,641 60,735 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D)Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NANot available. R Registered TM Trademark 1/ Includes data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations and varieties not listed. 2/ Includes 875 organic acres in 2021 and 770 organic acres in 2020. Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2019-2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019-2020 : 2020-2021 : 2019-2020 : 2020-2021 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ------ ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all 2/ .........: 54,100 52,000 2,164 2,080 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 43,300 42,000 1,732 1,680 Valencia ..................: 10,800 10,000 432 400 : Florida, all ...............: 67,400 52,700 3,033 2,372 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 29,650 22,700 1,334 1,022 Valencia ..................: 37,750 30,000 1,699 1,350 : Texas, all 2/ ..............: 1,340 1,050 57 45 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 1,150 1,000 49 43 Valencia ..................: 190 50 8 2 : United States, all .........: 122,840 105,750 5,254 4,497 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ..: 74,100 65,700 3,115 2,745 Valencia ..................: 48,740 40,050 2,139 1,752 : Grapefruit : California 2/ ..............: 4,700 4,200 188 168 Florida, all ...............: 4,850 4,100 207 174 Red 4/ ....................: 4,060 (NA) 173 (NA) White 4/ ..................: 790 (NA) 34 (NA) Texas 2/ ...................: 4,400 2,400 176 96 : United States ..............: 13,950 10,700 571 438 : Tangerines and mandarins 5/ : California 2/ ..............: 22,400 23,000 896 920 Florida ....................: 1,020 890 48 42 : United States ..............: 23,420 23,890 944 962 : Lemons 2/ : Arizona ....................: 1,800 1,800 72 72 California .................: 25,300 22,000 1,012 880 : United States ..............: 27,100 23,800 1,084 952 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80. 2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 4/ Estimates discontinued in 2020-2021. 5/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Tart Cherry Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : Michigan ................: 69.3 65.6 New York ................: 9.9 8.3 Utah ....................: 28.8 36.5 Washington ..............: 21.4 23.1 Wisconsin ...............: 10.1 8.5 : United States ...........: 139.5 142.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sweet Cherry Production - States and United States: 2020 and Forecasted June 1, 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ..............: 66,700 80,000 Oregon ..................: 56,400 49,000 Washington ..............: 202,000 240,000 : United States ...........: 325,100 369,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2019-2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Number of taps : Yield per tap : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :----- 1,000 taps ----- ------ gallons ------ --- 1,000 gallons --- : Maine ............: 1,950 1,970 1,890 0.267 0.299 0.262 520 590 495 Michigan .........: 620 570 550 0.315 0.298 0.273 195 170 150 New Hampshire ....: 540 530 530 0.274 0.291 0.240 148 154 127 New York .........: 2,800 2,800 2,900 0.293 0.287 0.223 820 804 647 Pennsylvania .....: 680 740 715 0.231 0.241 0.231 157 178 165 Vermont ..........: 6,000 5,700 5,900 0.345 0.342 0.261 2,070 1,950 1,540 Wisconsin ........: 800 780 850 0.338 0.340 0.353 270 265 300 : United States ....:13,390 13,090 13,335 0.312 0.314 0.257 4,180 4,111 3,424 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Maple Syrup Price and Value - States and United States: 2019-2021 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Average price per gallon : Value of production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 1/ : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- dollars -------- ------ 1,000 dollars ------ : Maine ............: 28.20 34.90 14,664 20,591 Michigan .........: 48.60 48.60 9,477 8,262 New Hampshire ....: 45.30 52.10 6,704 8,023 New York .........: 32.20 34.40 26,404 27,658 Pennsylvania .....: 35.00 38.40 5,495 6,835 Vermont ..........: 28.00 27.00 57,960 52,650 Wisconsin ........: 32.50 29.10 8,775 7,712 : United States ....: 31.00 32.00 129,479 131,731 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Price and value for 2021 will be published in "Crop Production" released June 2022. Maple Syrup Season - States and United States: 2019-2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Date season : Date season : Average season : opened 1/ : closed 2/ : length 3/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :-------------------- date -------------------- ------ days ------ : Maine ............:Jan 15 Feb 2 Feb 15 May 10 May 5 Apr 30 31 39 31 Michigan .........:Feb 10 Feb 2 Feb 1 Apr 26 Apr 25 Apr 14 25 29 25 New Hampshire ....:Jan 21 Jan 5 Jan 11 Apr 28 Apr 28 Apr 16 31 35 26 New York .........: Jan 5 Jan 2 Jan 1 May 1 Apr 30 May 4 32 37 29 Pennsylvania .....:Jan 10 Jan 12 Jan 4 May 1 Apr 10 Apr 15 35 31 25 Vermont ..........: Jan 9 Jan 8 Jan 25 May 3 Apr 30 Apr 23 34 38 28 Wisconsin ........: Mar 1 Feb 15 Feb 20 Apr 30 Apr 26 May 20 24 29 25 : United States ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 30 34 27 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2/ Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3/ The average number of days that sap was collected. Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates - States and United States: 2019-2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Season Opened 1/ : Season Closed 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : date : Maine ............: Mar 14 Feb 29 Mar 6 Apr 14 Apr 8 Apr 6 Michigan .........: Mar 13 Mar 1 Mar 2 Apr 7 Mar 30 Mar 28 New Hampshire ....: Mar 10 Feb 24 Mar 6 Apr 10 Mar 30 Apr 1 New York .........: Mar 6 Feb 19 Mar 4 Apr 7 Mar 28 Apr 2 Pennsylvania .....: Feb 25 Feb 18 Feb 27 Apr 1 Mar 20 Mar 24 Vermont ..........: Mar 12 Feb 28 Mar 8 Apr 15 Apr 6 Apr 5 Wisconsin ........: Mar 21 Mar 7 Mar 6 Apr 14 Apr 4 Mar 31 : United States ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Approximate average opened date based on reported data. 2/ Approximate average closed date based on reported data. Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container - States: 2019 and 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gallon : 1/2 Gallon : Quart : Pint : 1/2 Pint Type and State :--------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Retail : Maine ............:50.40 53.00 30.50 31.20 17.50 19.20 10.50 10.20 6.60 6.70 Michigan .........:48.40 48.50 26.60 28.30 14.60 16.30 11.60 10.80 8.50 10.00 New Hampshire ....:52.00 58.00 31.70 31.70 18.80 18.60 11.30 10.70 6.40 (D) New York .........:47.30 48.10 27.20 27.60 15.90 16.60 9.60 10.60 6.80 7.10 Pennsylvania .....:45.50 43.60 25.00 25.50 15.00 15.70 8.85 9.60 5.85 5.60 Vermont ..........:44.50 45.50 26.70 25.10 17.90 15.60 10.60 9.30 7.00 6.10 Wisconsin ........:42.80 41.30 27.00 22.30 14.00 11.90 8.00 7.40 5.80 (D) : Wholesale : Maine ............:47.50 46.20 24.90 (D) 13.90 13.70 7.40 7.80 4.65 4.80 Michigan .........:37.90 42.60 20.10 22.80 12.20 11.90 8.80 7.80 6.60 6.60 New Hampshire ....:42.90 45.50 27.10 (D) 14.80 12.70 8.30 6.90 4.85 4.10 New York .........:42.40 40.60 21.90 23.30 12.60 13.80 7.30 9.40 4.30 5.70 Pennsylvania .....:39.10 40.50 21.90 18.80 12.60 11.20 7.25 6.20 4.65 3.40 Vermont ..........:39.90 40.20 23.30 22.80 14.00 12.70 7.20 6.30 4.50 3.80 Wisconsin ........:42.60 37.20 22.60 22.90 13.30 12.10 7.20 6.50 4.50 5.10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Maple Syrup Bulk Price - States: 2019 and 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bulk all grades : Bulk all grades State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound dollars per gallon : Maine ............: 2.36 2.26 26.00 24.90 Michigan .........: 2.40 2.00 26.70 21.70 New Hampshire ....: 2.05 2.05 22.80 22.60 New York .........: 2.20 2.10 23.70 23.50 Pennsylvania .....: 2.11 2.21 23.20 24.40 Vermont ..........: 2.20 2.15 24.20 23.80 Wisconsin ........: 2.20 2.10 23.80 23.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type - States: 2019 and 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Retail : Wholesale : Bulk State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : Maine ............: 4 3 2 6 94 91 Michigan .........: 31 40 22 17 47 43 New Hampshire ....: 37 35 29 48 34 17 New York .........: 19 19 13 12 68 69 Pennsylvania .....: 32 45 12 8 56 47 Vermont ..........: 9 9 4 3 87 88 Wisconsin ........: 20 17 7 6 73 77 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,621 2,590 2,133 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 90,819 91,144 82,467 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,719 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,238 51,714 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) 16,230 All other ............................: (NA) 36,008 Oats ...................................: 2,984 2,488 1,004 Proso millet ...........................: 609 484 Rice ...................................: 3,036 2,710 2,987 Rye ....................................: 1,955 330 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 5,880 6,940 5,095 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 239 Wheat, all .............................: 44,349 46,358 36,746 Winter ...............................: 30,415 33,078 23,024 24,612 Durum ................................: 1,684 1,540 1,662 Other spring .........................: 12,250 11,740 12,060 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,825.0 2,115.0 1,789.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 305 400 296 Mustard seed ...........................: 97.0 91.4 Peanuts ................................: 1,664.2 1,625.5 1,615.8 Rapeseed ...............................: 11.2 10.1 Safflower ..............................: 136.0 126.7 Soybeans for beans .....................: 83,084 87,600 82,318 Sunflower ..............................: 1,718.7 1,216.0 1,665.7 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 12,092.0 12,036.0 8,274.5 Upland ...............................: 11,890.0 11,894.0 8,080.5 American Pima ........................: 202.0 142.0 194.0 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,162.2 1,169.0 1,142.3 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) 947.6 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 198.1 195.8 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 269.8 290.0 262.9 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,740.0 1,540.0 1,676.5 Dry edible peas ........................: 999.0 893.0 973.0 Lentils ................................: 528.0 611.0 514.0 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 58.6 60.7 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 50.1 Potatoes ...............................: 921.0 914.1 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 17.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 77.5 165,324 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 172.0 14,182,479 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.5 137,729 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.43 126,812 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.27 53,067 All other ........................tons: 2.05 73,745 Oats ............................bushels: 65.1 65,355 Proso millet ....................bushels: 19.0 9,210 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,619 227,583 Rye .............................bushels: 34.9 11,532 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 73.2 372,960 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 13.1 3,125 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 49.7 1,825,820 Winter ........................bushels: 50.9 53.2 1,171,022 1,309,000 Durum .........................bushels: 41.4 68,808 Other spring ..................bushels: 48.6 585,990 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,931 3,454,950 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 4,509.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 19.3 5,706 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 895 81,770 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,796 6,133,900 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,971 19,910 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,167 147,800 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 50.2 4,135,477 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,790 2,982,410 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 847 14,607.5 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 835 14,061.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,352 546.5 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 29.4 33,618 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 38.1 36,100 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 1,966 389,413 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 1,625 4,273 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,966 32,963 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 2,234 21,733 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,442 7,411 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,770 103,810.3 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,111 3,424 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 816,367 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 99 4,984 Potatoes ............................cwt: 453 414,248 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 121 2,134 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,060,690 1,048,150 863,200 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 36,753,540 36,885,070 33,373,570 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,719,110 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,140,200 20,928,140 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 6,568,120 All other ....................: (NA) 14,572,080 Oats ...........................: 1,207,590 1,006,870 406,310 Proso millet ...................: 246,460 195,870 Rice ...........................: 1,228,640 1,096,710 1,208,810 Rye ............................: 791,170 133,550 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,379,580 2,808,550 2,061,900 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 96,720 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 17,947,600 18,760,620 14,870,740 Winter .......................: 12,308,650 13,386,340 9,317,580 9,960,230 Durum ........................: 681,500 623,220 672,590 Other spring .................: 4,957,450 4,751,060 4,880,560 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 738,560 855,920 723,990 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 123,430 161,880 119,790 Mustard seed ...................: 39,250 36,990 Peanuts ........................: 673,490 657,820 653,900 Rapeseed .......................: 4,530 4,090 Safflower ......................: 55,040 51,270 Soybeans for beans .............: 33,623,260 35,450,840 33,313,270 Sunflower ......................: 695,540 492,100 674,090 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 4,893,510 4,870,850 3,348,610 Upland .......................: 4,811,760 4,813,380 3,270,100 American Pima ................: 81,750 57,470 78,510 Sugarbeets .....................: 470,330 473,080 462,280 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 383,480 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 80,150 79,240 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ......................: 109,190 117,360 106,390 Dry edible beans ...............: 704,160 623,220 678,460 Dry edible peas ................: 404,290 361,390 393,760 Lentils ........................: 213,680 247,270 208,010 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 23,730 24,580 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 20,270 Potatoes .......................: 372,720 369,930 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 7,160 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.17 3,599,510 Corn for grain .........................: 10.79 360,251,560 Corn for silage ........................: 45.95 124,945,650 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.44 115,041,910 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.33 48,141,570 All other ............................: 4.59 66,900,340 Oats ...................................: 2.33 948,630 Proso millet ...........................: 1.07 208,880 Rice ...................................: 8.54 10,322,990 Rye ....................................: 2.19 292,930 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.59 9,473,620 Sorghum for silage .....................: 29.31 2,834,950 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.34 49,690,680 Winter ...............................: 3.42 3.58 31,870,000 35,625,140 Durum ................................: 2.78 1,872,650 Other spring .........................: 3.27 15,948,030 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.16 1,567,140 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 4,090,500 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.21 144,940 Mustard seed ...........................: 1.00 37,090 Peanuts ................................: 4.25 2,782,290 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.21 9,030 Safflower ..............................: 1.31 67,040 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.38 112,549,240 Sunflower ..............................: 2.01 1,352,800 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.95 3,180,410 Upland ...............................: 0.94 3,061,420 American Pima ........................: 1.52 118,990 Sugarbeets .............................: 65.97 30,497,740 Sugarcane ..............................: 85.40 32,749,370 Tobacco ................................: 2.20 176,630 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 1.82 193,820 Dry edible beans .......................: 2.20 1,495,180 Dry edible peas ........................: 2.50 985,790 Lentils ................................: 1.62 336,160 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 1.98 47,090 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 20,560 17,120 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 370,300 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.11 2,260 Potatoes ...............................: 50.79 18,789,970 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.14 970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2020-2021 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 571 438 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 1,084 952 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 5,254 4,497 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 944 962 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 10,253.0 Apricots ..............................tons: 33,400 Avocados ..............................tons: 206,610 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 648,200 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 47,400 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 325,100 369,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 139.5 142.0 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 23,870 Cranberries .........................barrel: 7,830,000 : Dates .................................tons: 62,600 Grapes ................................tons: 5,940,000 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 40,000 Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 122,500 Olives (California) ...................tons: 67,700 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 8,280 Peaches ...............................tons: 617,760 Pears .................................tons: 672,000 Plums (California) ....................tons: 105,000 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 165,880 Raspberries ...................1,000 pounds: 222,000 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 23,280.0 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 3,115,000 3,200,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 63,000 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 39,500 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 305,360 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 1,045,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 785,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2020 and 2021 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2020-2021 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2020 : 2021 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 518,000 397,350 Lemons ....................................: 983,390 863,640 Oranges ...................................: 4,766,350 4,079,610 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 856,380 872,710 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 4,650,680 Apricots ..................................: 30,300 Avocados ..................................: 187,430 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 294,020 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 21,500 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 294,930 334,750 Cherries, Tart ............................: 63,280 64,410 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 10,830 Cranberries ...............................: 355,160 : Dates .....................................: 56,790 Grapes ....................................: 5,388,680 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 36,290 Nectarines (California) ...................: 111,130 Olives (California) .......................: 61,420 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 3,760 Peaches ...................................: 560,420 Pears .....................................: 609,630 Plums (California) ........................: 95,250 Prunes (California) .......................: 150,480 Raspberries ...............................: 100,700 Strawberries ..............................: 1,055,960 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,412,940 1,451,500 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 57,150 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 17,920 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 138,510 Pistachios (California) ...................: 474,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 712,140 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2021. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2017-2021 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2017 ..........: 28 69 93 2018 ..........: 18 69 93 2019 ..........: 8 50 89 2020 ..........: 14 64 92 2021 ..........: 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. May Weather Summary Frequent rain eased or eradicated drought across the central and southern Plains, benefiting rangeland, pastures, and spring-sown crops, but hampering initial winter wheat harvest efforts. By May 30, Texas' winter wheat harvest was just 18 percent complete, compared with 31 percent at the same time a year ago and the 5-year average of 24 percent. Rain also dampened the northern Plains and the Northwest, but improvements in the drought situation were limited by lingering subsoil moisture shortages and poor rangeland and pasture conditions. Even with the May precipitation, well over one-half of the rangeland and pastures in North Dakota (67 percent) and Montana (56 percent) were rated in very poor to poor condition toward month's end, according to USDA/NASS. Adverse rangeland conditions extended into much of the West, where an additional six states-Arizona, California, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, and Washington-reported very poor to poor ratings ranging from 50 to 88 percent. The poor start to the 2021 growing season extended to predominantly Northern crops such as spring wheat and barley. By May 30, one-fifth (20 percent) of the Nation's spring wheat and 13 percent of the barley were rated in very poor to poor condition. Among major production states, Washington led the country on May 30 in very poor to poor ratings for both crops-51 percent of its spring wheat and 40 percent of its barley. Mainly due to rain across the Plains, national drought coverage decreased from 48 to 44 percent during the 5-week period ending June 1, according to the United States Drought Monitor. During the same 5 weeks, drought coverage in the 11-state Western region decreased slightly from 84 to 82 percent, on the strength of improving conditions across the eastern slopes of the Rockies. However, Western coverage of extreme to exceptional drought (D3 to D4) increased by more than 3 percentage points during May, approaching 47 percent. Western wildfire and water-supply concerns continued to mount, fueled by depleted soil moisture, prematurely melted mountain snow, low reservoir levels, and ample cured vegetation. The middle and southern Atlantic States also experienced May dryness, leading to topsoil moisture shortages and stress on pastures and emerging summer crops. In South Carolina, where topsoil moisture was rated 66 percent very short to short by May 30, more than one-quarter (26 percent) of the cotton and 22 percent of the peanuts were rated in very poor to poor condition. On the same date, topsoil moisture was rated 75 percent very short to short in Georgia, along with 70 percent in Florida. In contrast, wet weather led to fieldwork delays and local flooding from the western Gulf Coast region to the Mississippi Delta, where monthly rainfall totals of 10 to 20 inches or more were common. Louisiana led the Nation on May 30 with topsoil moisture rated 49 percent surplus. May featured numerous temperature swings, though the overall tendency was toward cooler conditions east of the Rockies and warm weather in the West. Some of the coolest May weather, relative to normal, covered the northern High Plains or stretched from the southern Plains into the Ohio Valley and interior Southeast. The hottest conditions (temperatures locally averaging more than 5°F above normal) affected California. Late in the month, freezes were reported in several areas across the Nation's Northern Tier, burning back tender vegetation such as emerged summer crops. Scattered, late-month frost was noted in a broader area across the northern Plains, upper Midwest, Great Lakes, and interior Northeast. May Agricultural Summary May was cooler than average for most of the eastern and central thirds of the Nation. Large parts of the Mississippi Valley, Ohio Valley, and southern Plains recorded temperatures 2°F or more below normal. While much of the northern Rockies also recorded below normal temperatures for the month, most of the western third of the Nation was warmer than average. Large parts of California recorded temperatures 2°F or more above normal. While most of the eastern and western thirds of the Nation remained drier than normal, twice the normal amount of rainfall was recorded in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, and Texas. Large parts of the western Gulf Coast received 12 inches or more of rain for the month. By May 2, producers had planted 46 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 2 percentage points behind last year but 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eight percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by May 2, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By May 16, producers had planted 80 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Forty-one percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by May 16, one percentage point ahead of the previous year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 30, producers had planted 95 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At that time, corn planting progress was at or ahead of the 5-year average in 16 of the 18 estimating States. Eighty-one percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by May 30, five percentage points ahead of the previous year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, seventy-six percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 2 percentage points above the same time last year. Twenty-four percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by May 2, three percentage points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-one percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by May 16, ten percentage points ahead of last year and 24 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by May 16, four percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by May 30, ten percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At that time, soybean planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in 16 of the 18 estimating States. Sixty-two percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by May 30, twelve percentage points ahead of last year and 20 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 2, twenty-seven percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 3 percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 16, fifty-three percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 1 percentage point behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 30, seventy-nine percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 3 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, forty-eight percent of the 2021 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points below the same time last year. Nationwide, 16 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 2, one percentage point behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Nationwide, 38 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 16, four percentage points behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, 64 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 30, equal to the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Six percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by May 30, two percentage points behind last year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. On May 30, forty-three percent of the 2021 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point below last year. Twenty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by May 2, two percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-seven percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by May 16, four percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-one percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by May 30, seven percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 2, producers had seeded 64 percent of the Nation's 2021 rice acreage, 16 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 2, thirty-eight percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged, 7 percentage points ahead of last year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 16, producers had seeded 87 percent of the Nation's 2021 rice acreage, 8 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 16, sixty-three percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged, 8 percentage points ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By May 23, producers had seeded 95 percent of the Nation's 2021 rice acreage, 7 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in 5 of the 6 estimating States at that time. By May 30, eighty-six percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, seventy-four percent of the Nation's rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 5 percentage points above the same time last year. Nationally, oat producers had seeded 72 percent of this year's acreage by May 2, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At that time, Oat planting progress was at or ahead of the 5-year average in all 9 estimating States. Forty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage had emerged by May 2, five percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, oat producers had seeded 92 percent of this year's acreage by May 16, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of the Nation's oat acreage had emerged by May 16, six percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-one percent of the Nation's oat acreage had emerged by May 30, six percentage points ahead of last year and five percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-one percent of the Nation's oat acreage had headed by May 30, four percentage points ahead of last year and three percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, fifty-five percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 16 percentage points below the same time last year. Fifty-three percent of the Nation's barley crop was planted by May 2, fourteen percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventeen percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by May 2, six percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-three percent of the Nation's barley crop was planted by May 16, thirteen percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by May 16, nine percentage points ahead of the previous year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation's barley crop was planted by May 30, three percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-nine percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by May 30, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, forty-eight percent of the Nation's barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 21 percentage points below the same time last year. By May 2, forty-nine percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop was seeded, 22 percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 2, fourteen percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged, 8 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 16, eighty-five percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had been seeded, 28 percentage points ahead of last year and 14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 16, forty-seven percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged, 19 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 30, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had been seeded, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in all 6 estimating States at that time. By May 30, eighty percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged, 15 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 30, forty-three percent of the Nation's spring wheat was rated in good to excellent condition, 37 percentage points below the same time last year. Nationally, producers had planted 11 percent of the 2021 peanut acreage by May 2, two percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, producers had planted 40 percent of the 2021 peanut acreage by May 16, three percentage points behind the previous year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, producers had planted 77 percent of the 2021 peanut acreage by May 30, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 30, sixty-five percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points below the same time last year. By May 2, eighty-one percent of the Nation's sugarbeet crop was planted, 34 percentage points ahead of last year and 30 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 9, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's sugarbeet crop had been planted, 39 percentage points ahead of last year and 26 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Six percent of the Nation's intended 2021 sunflower acreage was planted by May 16, two percentage points ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Forty-two percent of the Nation's intended 2021 sunflower acreage was planted by May 30, thirteen percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Crop Comments Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.31 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the May 1 forecast, and up 12 percent from 2020. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 53.2 bushels per acre, up 1.1 bushels from last month and up 2.3 bushels from last year's average yield of 50.9 bushels per acre. If realized, the 2021 United States winter wheat yield will be the third highest on record. Record high yields are forecasted in Missouri and Montana. As of May 30, forty-eight percent of the winter wheat acreage in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points lower than at the same time last year. Nationally, 79 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by May 30, one percentage point higher than the 5-year average pace. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's level in Oklahoma and Texas but above in Colorado, Kansas, Montana, and Nebraska. As of May 30, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at 61 percent, 57 percent, and 23 percent, respectively. In Texas, winter wheat harvest was 18 percent complete, 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are all above last year's levels. As of May 30, Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio winter wheat was rated 87 percent, 57 percent, and 77 percent, in good to excellent condition, respectively. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year. As of May 30, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington winter wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition at 40 percent, 10 percent, and 34 percent, respectively. Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 6.33 million bushels, up 2 percent from last month and up 6 percent from last year. Grapefruit: The United States 2020-2021 grapefruit crop is forecast at 438,000 tons, down 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 23 percent from last season's final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 4.10 million boxes (174,000 tons), is down 2 percent from the previous forecast and down 15 percent from last year. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 962,000 tons, down slightly from the previous forecast but up 2 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida tangerine and mandarin forecast, at 890,000 boxes (42,000 tons), is down 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 13 percent from last season. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast was carried forward from the previous forecast. Hops: Hop acreage strung for harvest in 2021 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at a record high 60,735 acres, 4 percent more than last year's previous record of 58,641 acres. Washington, with 43,380 acres for harvest, accounts for 71 percent of the total United States acreage. Idaho area strung for harvest was 9,784 acres, or 16 percent of the United States total. Oregon hop growers accounted for the remaining 13 percent, or 7,571 acres. Acreage increased from last year in all three States. Cherries, Tart: United States tart cherry total production for 2021 is forecast at 142 million pounds, up 2 percent from the 2020 production. In Michigan, the largest tart cherry producing State, frosts and freezing temperatures have reduced the crop. Additionally, all growing regions in Michigan are suffering from drought and growers are irrigating where available. In Wisconsin, a Memorial Day weekend frost has reduced yields. In Washington, tart cherries have experienced a relatively warm spring. Cherries, Sweet: United States Sweet cherry total production for 2021 is forecast at 369,000 tons, up 14 percent from 2020. In California, most trees received adequate chilling hours, despite an unusually warm winter. The weather during the bloom was favorable, though the bloom was earlier than normal in some locations. In Oregon, a relatively warm spring and low precipitation have weighed heavily on cherry growers. In Washington, several cold periods through the growing season forced growers to use smudge pots and other techniques to combat cold and winds in cherry orchards. Maple syrup: The 2021 United States maple syrup production totaled 3.42 million gallons, down 17 percent from the previous season. The number of taps totaled 13.3 million, up 2 percent from the 2020 total. Yield per tap was 0.257 gallon, down 0.057 gallon from the previous season. The earliest sap flow reported was January 1 in New York. The latest sap flow reported to open the season was February 20 in Wisconsin. On average, the season lasted 27 days, compared with 34 days in 2020. The 2020 United States average price per gallon was $32.00, up $1.00 from 2019. Value of production, at $132 million for 2020, was up 2 percent from the 2019 season. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 24 and June 6 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 70 percent of the 2020 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interview. Approximately 3,600 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida. In August and September last year, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree was determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield indications for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from April. Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 8.6 percent. Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the June 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using winter wheat again as an example, changes between the June 1 forecast and final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 59 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 166 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------- : :90 percent : Production : Years Crop : Root mean :confidence :---------------------------------------- :square error: interval : : : : Below : Above : : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- percent --- ----- millions ----- number : Oranges 1/ ...............tons: 2.0 3.4 119 18 272 9 11 Wheat : Winter wheat ........bushels: 5.0 8.6 59 4 166 10 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Quantity is in thousands of units. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Oats, Soybeans (202) 690-3234 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (202) 720-8800 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum (202) 720-5944 James Johanson - Barley, County Estimates, Hay (202) 690-8533 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat (202) 720-8068 John Stephens - Peanuts, Rice................................................ (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................... (202) 720-7369 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section................ (202) 720-2127 .................................................................................. Heidi Lanouette - Blueberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes.......... (202) 720-4285 Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes.................................. (202) 720-3250 Fleming Gibson - Almonds, Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................ (202) 720-2127 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges..... (202) 720-5412 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans.......................... (202) 720-4215 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons............. (202) 720-2157 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. 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