Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released July 12, 2017, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 2 Percent from June Durum Wheat Production Down 45 Percent from 2016 Other Spring Wheat Production Down 21 Percent from 2016 Orange Production Down 2 Percent from June Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.28 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the June 1 forecast but down 23 percent from 2016. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 49.7 bushels per acre, up 0.8 bushel from last month, but down 5.6 bushels from last year. If realized, this will be the second highest yield on record for the United States, behind only 2016. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 25.8 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 15 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter production, at 758 million bushels, is up 2 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 306 million bushels, is up 3 percent from the June forecast. White Winter, at 216 million bushels, is up 3 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 18.5 million bushels are Hard White and 198 million bushels are Soft White. Durum wheat production is forecast at 57.5 million bushels, down 45 percent from 2016. The United States yield is forecast at 30.9 bushels per acre, down 13.1 bushels from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 1.86 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but 21 percent below 2016. Other spring wheat production is forecast at 423 million bushels, down 21 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 10.5 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 7 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 40.3 bushels per acre, down 6.9 bushels from last year. Of the total production, 385 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 22 percent from last year. The United States all orange forecast for the 2016-2017 season is 5.07 million tons, down 2 percent from last month and down 17 percent from the 2015-2016 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 68.7 million boxes (3.09 million tons), is up slightly from last month but down 16 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 33.0 million boxes (1.49 million tons), unchanged from last month but down 9 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 35.7 million boxes (1.61 million tons), is up 1 percent from last month but down 22 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast is 40.0 million boxes (1.60 million tons), down 7 percent from the previous forecast and down 15 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 8.00 million boxes (320,000 tons), unchanged from the previous forecast but down 29 percent from last season's final utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 1.37 million boxes (58,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but down 19 percent from last season's final utilization. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) final yield for the 2016-2017 season is 1.42 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from last month but up 1 percent from last season's final yield of 1.41 gallons per box. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.34 gallons per box, down 1 percent from last season's final yield of 1.35 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is final at 1.54 gallons per box, unchanged from last month but up 5 percent from last year's final yield of 1.47 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. This report was approved on July 12, 2017. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Michael L. Young Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017...... 4 Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017... 4 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 6 Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................. 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2015-2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 7 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 8 Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017................................................................................................ 8 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2016 and 2017..... 10 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2016 and 2017....... 12 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2016 and 2017................................. 14 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2016 and 2017................................... 15 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2013-2017............. 16 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2013-2017............................................. 17 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map......................................................................... 18 Departure from Normal Temperature Map....................................................................... 18 June Weather Summary........................................................................................ 19 June Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 19 Crop Comments............................................................................................... 22 Statistical Methodology..................................................................................... 25 Information Contacts........................................................................................ 27 Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : California .......: 11 11 65.0 75.0 715 825 Idaho ............: 15 15 83.0 73.0 1,245 1,095 Illinois .........: 20 20 81.0 83.0 1,620 1,660 Iowa .............: 43 48 76.0 69.0 3,268 3,312 Kansas ...........: 30 20 57.0 55.0 1,710 1,100 Maine ............: 24 19 71.0 70.0 1,704 1,330 Michigan .........: 30 25 58.0 64.0 1,740 1,600 Minnesota ........: 120 100 68.0 71.0 8,160 7,100 Montana ..........: 28 19 47.0 40.0 1,316 760 Nebraska .........: 25 25 60.0 55.0 1,500 1,375 : New York .........: 60 45 55.0 58.0 3,300 2,610 North Dakota .....: 110 100 66.0 51.0 7,260 5,100 Ohio .............: 25 20 74.0 75.0 1,850 1,500 Oregon ...........: 10 16 90.0 90.0 900 1,440 Pennsylvania .....: 50 50 67.0 62.0 3,350 3,100 South Dakota .....: 110 100 82.0 63.0 9,020 6,300 Texas ............: 60 45 50.0 50.0 3,000 2,250 Wisconsin ........: 100 95 66.0 61.0 6,600 5,795 : Other States 1/ ..: 110 107 59.2 50.7 6,512 5,422 : United States ....: 981 880 66.0 61.0 64,770 53,674 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Other States include: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Washington, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 15 19 128.0 125.0 1,920 2,375 California .....: 55 35 75.0 66.0 4,125 2,310 Colorado .......: 74 54 129.0 135.0 9,546 7,290 Idaho ..........: 580 480 107.0 102.0 62,060 48,960 Minnesota ......: 79 85 66.0 67.0 5,214 5,695 Montana ........: 780 550 60.0 56.0 46,800 30,800 North Dakota ...: 640 410 67.0 55.0 42,880 22,550 Virginia .......: 12 10 67.0 71.0 804 710 Washington .....: 93 96 77.0 65.0 7,161 6,240 Wyoming ........: 82 62 96.0 93.0 7,872 5,766 : Other States 1/ : 148 145 73.6 70.8 10,900 10,271 : United States ..: 2,558 1,946 77.9 73.5 199,282 142,967 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include: Delaware, Maryland, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2017 : : : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 :-------------------: 2016 : 2017 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 115 130 54.0 55.0 55.0 6,210 7,150 California .....: 170 175 78.0 77.0 65.0 13,260 11,375 Colorado .......: 2,190 2,000 48.0 40.0 42.0 105,120 84,000 Idaho ..........: 710 680 94.0 84.0 86.0 66,740 58,480 Illinois .......: 470 490 74.0 73.0 75.0 34,780 36,750 Indiana ........: 280 260 81.0 78.0 76.0 22,680 19,760 Kansas .........: 8,200 6,900 57.0 44.0 47.0 467,400 324,300 Kentucky .......: 400 340 80.0 72.0 77.0 32,000 26,180 Maryland .......: 260 240 64.0 64.0 72.0 16,640 17,280 Michigan .......: 570 430 89.0 85.0 84.0 50,730 36,120 : Mississippi ....: 50 40 48.0 60.0 63.0 2,400 2,520 Missouri .......: 570 510 70.0 63.0 68.0 39,900 34,680 Montana ........: 2,150 1,720 49.0 46.0 44.0 105,350 75,680 Nebraska .......: 1,310 1,000 54.0 46.0 46.0 70,740 46,000 North Carolina .: 355 410 41.0 53.0 53.0 14,555 21,730 North Dakota ...: 120 40 48.0 38.0 38.0 5,760 1,520 Ohio ...........: 560 420 80.0 76.0 75.0 44,800 31,500 Oklahoma .......: 3,500 2,750 39.0 33.0 33.0 136,500 90,750 Oregon .........: 710 710 50.0 58.0 61.0 35,500 43,310 South Dakota ...: 1,100 650 58.0 50.0 43.0 63,800 27,950 : Tennessee ......: 335 285 73.0 73.0 72.0 24,455 20,520 Texas ..........: 2,800 2,500 32.0 30.0 28.0 89,600 70,000 Virginia .......: 175 130 53.0 64.0 62.0 9,275 8,060 Washington .....: 1,670 1,660 78.0 65.0 67.0 130,260 111,220 Wisconsin ......: 250 190 79.0 77.0 77.0 19,750 14,630 : Other States 1/ : 1,202 1,100 52.7 51.7 52.6 63,327 57,898 : United States ..: 30,222 25,760 55.3 48.9 49.7 1,671,532 1,279,363 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2017 : : : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 :-------------------: 2016 : 2017 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- 1,000 acres -- -------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 96 89 98.0 100.0 97.0 9,408 8,633 California .....: 47 45 86.0 88.0 88.0 4,042 3,960 Montana ........: 765 620 41.0 (NA) 23.0 31,365 14,260 North Dakota ...: 1,440 1,080 40.5 (NA) 27.0 58,320 29,160 : Other States 1/ : 17 24 57.7 (NA) 61.8 981 1,482 : United States ..: 2,365 1,858 44.0 (NA) 30.9 104,116 57,495 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- --- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Idaho ..........: 395 415 87.0 81.0 34,365 33,615 Minnesota ......: 1,260 1,270 59.0 61.0 74,340 77,470 Montana ........: 2,110 2,120 36.0 26.0 75,960 55,120 North Dakota ...: 5,850 5,160 46.0 38.0 269,100 196,080 Oregon .........: 87 63 51.0 45.0 4,437 2,835 South Dakota ...: 1,050 940 45.0 34.0 47,250 31,960 Washington .....: 530 505 51.0 48.0 27,030 24,240 : Other States 1/ : 21 24 73.6 65.0 1,545 1,560 : United States ..: 11,303 10,497 47.2 40.3 534,027 422,880 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2016 : 2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ..........: 1,081,690 757,521 Soft red ..........: 345,230 305,637 Hard white ........: 25,476 18,546 Soft white ........: 219,136 197,659 : Spring : Hard red ..........: 493,125 385,108 Hard white ........: 7,539 7,396 Soft white ........: 33,363 30,376 Durum .............: 104,116 57,495 : Total .......... : 2,309,675 1,759,738 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2015-2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ : Utilized production ton equivalent 2/ Crop and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015-2016 : 2016-2017 : 2015-2016 : 2016-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 boxes ------- ------- 1,000 tons ------ Oranges : California, all ..............: 58,500 48,000 2,340 1,920 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ....: 47,200 40,000 1,888 1,600 Valencia ....................: 11,300 8,000 452 320 : Florida, all .................: 81,700 68,700 3,677 3,092 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ....: 36,100 33,000 1,625 1,485 Valencia ....................: 45,600 35,700 2,052 1,607 : Texas, all ...................: 1,691 1,370 71 58 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ....: 1,351 1,090 57 46 Valencia ....................: 340 280 14 12 : United States, all ...........: 141,891 118,070 6,088 5,070 Early, mid, and Navel 3/ ....: 84,651 74,090 3,570 3,131 Valencia ....................: 57,240 43,980 2,518 1,939 : Grapefruit : California ...................: 3,800 4,000 152 160 Florida, all .................: 10,800 7,800 459 332 Red .........................: 8,310 6,300 353 268 White .......................: 2,490 1,500 106 64 Texas ........................: 4,800 4,800 192 192 : United States ................: 19,400 16,600 803 684 : Tangerines and mandarins 4/ : California ...................: 21,600 24,000 864 960 Florida 5/ ...................: 1,415 1,620 67 77 : United States ................: 23,015 25,620 931 1,037 : Lemons : Arizona ......................: 1,750 1,650 70 66 California ...................: 20,900 19,000 836 760 : United States ................: 22,650 20,650 906 826 : Tangelos 6/ : Florida ......................: 390 (NA) 18 (NA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90. 2/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. For 2015-2016 included small quantities of Temples in Florida. Beginning in 2016-2017 Temples in Florida are included in tangerines and mandarins. 4/ Includes tangelos and tangors. 5/ Small quantities of Temples in Florida 6/ Beginning in 2016-2017, tangelos are included in tangerines and mandarins for Florida. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested :Yield per acre : Production Class and type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- acres ----- --- pounds -- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ....................: 13,500 12,500 2,100 2,300 28,350 28,750 North Carolina .............: 165,000 160,000 2,000 2,200 330,000 352,000 South Carolina .............: 13,000 12,000 1,900 2,300 24,700 27,600 Virginia ...................: 22,000 21,000 2,200 2,400 48,400 50,400 : United States ..............: 213,500 205,500 2,021 2,232 431,450 458,750 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop - States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted July 1, 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production Crop and State :------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Apricots : California ...............: 56,000 47,000 Washington ...............: 8,050 8,500 : United States ............: 64,050 55,500 : : 1,000 pounds : Almonds, shelled basis 1/ : California ...............: 2,140,000 2,250,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Utilized production. This page intentionally left blank. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3,052 2,376 2,558 1,946 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 94,004 90,886 86,748 83,496 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,186 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 53,461 53,518 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 16,885 17,111 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 36,576 36,407 Oats ...................................: 2,828 2,536 981 880 Proso millet ...........................: 443 550 413 Rice ...................................: 3,150 2,562 3,097 2,482 Rye ....................................: 1,891 2,134 414 430 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 6,690 5,987 6,163 5,311 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 298 Wheat, all .............................: 50,154 45,657 43,890 38,115 Winter ...............................: 36,137 32,839 30,222 25,760 Durum ................................: 2,412 1,919 2,365 1,858 Other spring .........................: 11,605 10,899 11,303 10,497 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,714.0 2,161.0 1,685.7 2,111.3 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 374 283 367 277 Mustard seed ...........................: 103.1 76.0 98.2 72.1 Peanuts ................................: 1,671.0 1,818.0 1,547.0 1,773.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 11.0 12.5 10.5 11.7 Safflower ..............................: 161.1 162.0 154.4 154.8 Soybeans for beans .....................: 83,433 89,513 82,736 88,731 Sunflower ..............................: 1,596.6 1,265.0 1,534.0 1,214.0 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 10,072.5 12,055.0 9,507.8 Upland ...............................: 9,878.0 11,803.0 9,320.0 American Pima ........................: 194.5 252.0 187.8 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,163.4 1,131.5 1,126.2 1,107.9 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 903.1 872.1 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 319.7 313.6 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 38.0 27.0 28.0 18.0 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,662.0 1,823.0 1,558.6 1,766.0 Chickpeas, all .......................: 325.3 462.0 320.0 456.0 Large ...............................: 211.5 301.0 209.2 296.2 Small ...............................: 113.8 161.0 110.8 159.8 Dry edible peas ........................: 1,382.0 1,110.0 1,329.8 1,057.0 Lentils ................................: 933.0 1,015.0 908.0 986.0 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 50.9 54.1 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 65.3 Potatoes, all ..........................: 1,034.0 1,025.4 1,007.7 1,015.2 Spring ...............................: 51.0 54.0 48.0 52.7 Summer ...............................: 62.2 63.6 60.7 61.1 Fall .................................: 920.8 907.8 899.0 901.4 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 24.5 Sweet potatoes .........................: 168.1 151.4 163.3 148.6 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: (NA) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 77.9 73.5 199,282 142,967 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 174.6 15,148,038 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.3 125,670 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.52 134,781 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.45 58,263 All other ........................tons: 2.09 76,518 Oats ............................bushels: 66.0 61.0 64,770 53,674 Proso millet ....................bushels: 30.4 12,558 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,237 224,145 Rye .............................bushels: 32.5 13,451 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 77.9 480,261 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 14.0 4,171 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 52.6 46.2 2,309,675 1,759,738 Winter ........................bushels: 55.3 49.7 1,671,532 1,279,363 Durum .........................bushels: 44.0 30.9 104,116 57,495 Other spring ..................bushels: 47.2 40.3 534,027 422,880 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,824 3,075,200 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 5,369.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 23.7 8,680 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 980 96,270 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,675 5,684,610 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,840 19,320 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,425 220,090 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 52.1 4,306,671 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,731 2,654,735 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 867 17,169.9 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 855 16,601.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,454 568.9 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 32.7 36,881 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 35.6 32,118 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 1,967 628,720 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ .............cwt: 1,704 477 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,842 28,712 Chickpeas, all 2/ .................cwt: 1,702 5,447 Large 2/ .........................cwt: 1,677 3,509 Small 2/ .........................cwt: 1,749 1,938 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 2,086 27,737 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,397 12,685 Wrinkled seed peas ..................cwt: (NA) 439 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,713 87,139.6 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,207 4,271 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 945,639 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 89 5,800 Potatoes, all .......................cwt: 437 440,725 Spring ............................cwt: 316 337 15,171 17,736 Summer ............................cwt: 323 19,602 Fall ..............................cwt: 452 405,952 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 131 3,208 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 193 31,546 Taro (Hawaii) ....................pounds: (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,235,110 961,540 1,035,200 787,530 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 38,042,480 36,780,660 35,106,050 33,790,000 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,503,410 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,635,130 21,658,200 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 6,833,190 6,924,650 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,801,940 14,733,550 Oats ...........................: 1,144,460 1,026,290 397,000 356,130 Proso millet ...................: 179,280 222,580 167,140 Rice ...........................: 1,274,770 1,036,820 1,253,320 1,004,440 Rye ............................: 765,270 863,610 167,540 174,020 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,707,380 2,422,880 2,494,100 2,149,310 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 120,600 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 20,296,820 18,476,930 17,761,840 15,424,760 Winter .......................: 14,624,280 13,289,610 12,230,540 10,424,810 Durum ........................: 976,110 776,600 957,090 751,910 Other spring .................: 4,696,430 4,410,720 4,574,210 4,248,030 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 693,640 874,540 682,190 854,420 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 151,350 114,530 148,520 112,100 Mustard seed ...................: 41,720 30,760 39,740 29,180 Peanuts ........................: 676,240 735,730 626,060 717,520 Rapeseed .......................: 4,450 5,060 4,250 4,730 Safflower ......................: 65,200 65,560 62,480 62,650 Soybeans for beans .............: 33,764,500 36,225,020 33,482,430 35,908,550 Sunflower ......................: 646,130 511,930 620,790 491,290 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 4,076,240 4,878,540 3,847,710 Upland .......................: 3,997,530 4,776,560 3,771,710 American Pima ................: 78,710 101,980 76,000 Sugarbeets .....................: 470,820 457,910 455,760 448,360 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 365,480 352,930 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 129,360 126,910 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 15,380 10,930 11,330 7,280 Dry edible beans ...............: 672,590 737,750 630,750 714,680 Chickpeas 2/ .................: 131,650 186,970 129,500 184,540 Large .......................: 85,590 121,810 84,660 119,870 Small .......................: 46,050 65,160 44,840 64,670 Dry edible peas ................: 559,280 449,210 538,160 427,760 Lentils ........................: 377,580 410,760 367,460 399,020 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 20,580 21,910 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 26,430 Potatoes, all 2/ ...............: 418,450 414,970 407,810 410,840 Spring .......................: 20,640 21,850 19,430 21,330 Summer .......................: 25,170 25,740 24,560 24,730 Fall .........................: 372,640 367,380 363,820 364,790 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 9,910 Sweet potatoes .................: 68,030 61,270 66,090 60,140 Taro (Hawaii) ..................: (NA) (D) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.19 3.95 4,338,850 3,112,740 Corn for grain .........................: 10.96 384,777,890 Corn for silage ........................: 45.54 114,005,910 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.65 122,271,270 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.74 52,855,300 All other ............................: 4.69 69,415,960 Oats ...................................: 2.37 2.19 940,130 779,080 Proso millet ...........................: 1.70 284,810 Rice ...................................: 8.11 10,167,050 Rye ....................................: 2.04 341,670 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.89 12,199,190 Sorghum for silage .....................: 31.38 3,783,870 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.54 3.10 62,859,050 47,892,220 Winter ...............................: 3.72 3.34 45,491,650 34,818,550 Durum ................................: 2.96 2.08 2,833,570 1,564,760 Other spring .........................: 3.18 2.71 14,533,830 11,508,910 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.04 1,394,890 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 4,870,670 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.48 220,480 Mustard seed ...........................: 1.10 43,670 Peanuts ................................: 4.12 2,578,500 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.06 8,760 Safflower ..............................: 1.60 99,830 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.50 117,208,380 Sunflower ..............................: 1.94 1,204,170 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.97 3,738,310 Upland ...............................: 0.96 3,614,440 American Pima ........................: 1.63 123,860 Sugarbeets .............................: 73.41 33,457,880 Sugarcane ..............................: 79.72 29,136,960 Tobacco ................................: 2.20 285,180 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 1.91 21,640 Dry edible beans .......................: 2.06 1,302,350 Chickpeas, all 2/ ....................: 1.91 247,070 Large ...............................: 1.88 159,170 Small ...............................: 1.96 87,910 Dry edible peas ........................: 2.34 1,258,130 Lentils ................................: 1.57 575,380 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) 19,910 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 1.92 39,530 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 21,040 21,360 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 428,930 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 2,630 Potatoes, all 2/ .......................: 49.02 19,990,950 Spring ...............................: 35.43 37.72 688,150 804,490 Summer ...............................: 36.20 889,130 Fall .................................: 50.61 18,413,670 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.15 1,460 Sweet potatoes .........................: 21.65 1,430,900 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2016-2017 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 803 684 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 906 826 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 6,088 5,070 Tangelos (Florida) 2/ ...........1,000 tons: 18 (NA) Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 931 1,037 : Noncitrus : Apples ......................million pounds: 11,273.5 Apricots ..............................tons: 64,050 55,500 Avocados ..............................tons: 172,630 Bananas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 5,600 Blackberries (Oregon) .........1,000 pounds: 58,360 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 593,610 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 101,840 Boysenberries (Oregon) ........1,000 pounds: 2,160 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 350,240 432,760 : Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 329.3 238.2 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 29,260 Cranberries .........................barrel: 9,627,400 Dates .................................tons: 38,040 Figs (California) .....................tons: 31,600 Grapes ................................tons: 7,669,030 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 28,300 Nectarines ............................tons: 167,950 Olives (California) ...................tons: 159,600 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 19,760 : Peaches ...............................tons: 795,630 Pears .................................tons: 738,770 Plums (California) ....................tons: 135,500 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 54,000 105,000 Raspberries, all .............1,000 pounds: 303,860 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 31,321 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,140,000 2,250,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 44,000 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 42,000 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 268,770 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 896,500 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 686,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Production years are 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. 2/ Beginning in 2016-2017, tangelos are included in tangerines and mandarins for Florida. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2016 and 2017 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2016-2017 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2016 : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 728,470 620,510 Lemons ....................................: 821,910 749,330 Oranges ...................................: 5,522,940 4,599,430 Tangelos (Florida) 2/ .....................: 16,330 (NA) Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 844,590 940,750 : Noncitrus : Apples ....................................: 5,113,570 Apricots ..................................: 58,110 50,350 Avocados ..................................: 156,610 Bananas (Hawaii) ..........................: 2,540 Blackberries (Oregon) .....................: 26,470 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 269,260 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 46,190 Boysenberries (Oregon) ....................: 980 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 317,730 392,590 : Cherries, Tart ............................: 149,370 108,050 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 13,270 Cranberries ...............................: 436,690 Dates .....................................: 34,510 Figs (California) .........................: 28,670 Grapes ....................................: 6,957,230 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 25,670 Nectarines ................................: 152,360 Olives (California) .......................: 144,790 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 8,960 : Peaches ...................................: 721,780 Pears .....................................: 670,200 Plums (California) ........................: 122,920 Prunes (California) .......................: 48,990 95,250 Raspberries, all ..........................: 137,830 Strawberries ..............................: 1,420,690 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 970,690 1,020,580 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 39,920 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 19,050 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 121,910 Pistachios (California) ...................: 406,650 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 622,330 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Production years are 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. 2/ Beginning in 2016-2017, tangelos are included in tangerines and mandarins for Florida. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2017. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2013-2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2013 ..........: 12 55 92 2014 ..........: 15 58 92 2015 ..........: 16 64 93 2016 ..........: 21 68 94 2017 ..........: 28 69 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2013-2017 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July ................: 32.1 42.4 51.1 43.0 43.4 August ..............: 31.9 43.2 49.3 43.6 Final ...............: 31.9 43.4 49.3 43.6 : Illinois : July ................: 60.9 63.5 56.7 57.4 56.4 August ..............: 61.2 63.7 56.9 57.3 Final ...............: 61.2 63.7 56.9 57.3 : Kansas : July ................: 50.4 36.4 43.1 54.7 44.3 August ..............: 50.4 36.4 43.1 54.7 Final ...............: 50.4 36.4 43.1 54.7 : Missouri : July ................: 54.6 51.2 52.5 53.7 53.9 August ..............: 55.8 50.9 52.5 53.7 Final ...............: 55.8 50.9 52.5 53.7 : Montana : July ................: 43.7 43.4 48.9 54.6 44.4 August ..............: 45.1 44.2 47.7 55.2 Final ...............: 45.1 44.2 47.7 55.2 : Nebraska : July ................: 38.5 48.2 47.9 60.2 52.5 August ..............: 38.8 48.2 47.6 60.3 Final ...............: 38.8 48.2 47.6 60.3 : Ohio : July ................: 53.0 58.8 51.0 58.0 58.2 August ..............: 54.0 58.4 51.2 58.0 Final ...............: 54.0 58.4 51.2 58.0 : Oklahoma : July ................: 51.7 34.9 39.6 41.8 35.7 August ..............: 51.7 34.9 39.4 41.8 Final ...............: 51.7 34.9 39.4 41.8 : Texas : July ................: 33.3 32.8 34.3 34.4 26.6 August ..............: 33.3 32.8 34.3 34.4 Final ...............: 33.0 33.1 34.2 34.5 : Washington : July ................: 38.0 32.3 31.3 36.1 34.3 August ..............: 38.6 32.1 31.3 35.3 Final ...............: 38.6 32.3 31.3 35.5 : 10 State : July ................: 46.4 39.5 42.8 48.3 41.2 August ..............: 46.6 39.6 42.4 48.4 Final ...............: 46.6 39.5 42.4 48.4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2017 Summary." June Weather Summary An extreme, mid- to late-month heat wave gripped the West, with severe effects-including cattle mortality and a rash of wildfires-being noted across California, the Great Basin, and the Southwest. By early July, year-to-date wildfires had charred more than 3 million acres (about 135 percent of the 10-year average), the Nation's most active start to a fire season since 2011. Periods of heat extended across the Plains, where a marked drying trend favored winter wheat maturation and harvesting, but boosted irrigation demands and increased stress on rangeland, pastures, and rain-fed summer crops. The most significant effects of dryness and periods of heat were noted across eastern Montana and the Dakotas, where drought had already developed before summer arrived. Rainfall was much more abundant along the Gulf Coast and from the Mississippi Valley eastward, favoring pasture growth and summer crop development. However, even within this wetter area, showers were lacking in portions of the Mid-Atlantic States and the central Corn Belt. Many other sections of the Midwest fared better, with near-normal temperatures and frequent showers. As a result, stress on Midwestern summer crops was mostly limited to the drought-affected areas of the Dakotas and previously waterlogged areas of the lower Midwest. Tropical Storm Cindy, which moved inland near the Texas-Louisiana border on June 22, greatly contributed to the heavy rain in the Gulf Coast region, before, during, and after landfall. Cindy's remnant circulation later turned northeastward, crossing the central Appalachians before merging with a cold front on June 24. Outside of the Western heat zone, periods of hot weather were fleeting and interspersed with cool spells. As a result, monthly temperatures did not stray far from normal across large sections of the country, including nearly all areas from the Mississippi Valley eastward. June Agricultural Summary Average monthly temperatures were generally above normal across the western United States with areas in the Southwest recording average temperatures more than 4°F above normal in June. From the Delta to the lower Atlantic Coast, average temperatures were lower than normal for the month. Drier than normal weather prevailed in areas west of the Mississippi Valley during the month. Drought levels expanded across the northern Great Plains, deteriorating crop and pasture conditions in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Elsewhere, areas along the Gulf Coast recorded more than 15 inches of precipitation during the month. In late June, Tropical Storm Cindy and its remnants brought significant delays to fieldwork in Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The planting of the 2017 corn crop was mostly complete across the United States by June 4 with 96 percent planted, slightly behind both last year and the 5-year average. By June 4, eighty-six percent of the corn crop had emerged, 2 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. By June 4, at least 90 percent of the corn had emerged in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Tennessee. By June 18, corn emerged had advanced to 98 percent complete, slightly behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Over 90 percent of the crop was emerged in all estimating States except Pennsylvania by June 18. Ten percent of this year's corn was silking by July 2, four percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 68 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, equal to the percentage rated in these two categories on June 4 but 7 percentage points below the same time last year. Indiana and South Dakota were rated at 47 percent and 42 percent, respectively, in good to excellent condition, both States were 26 percentage points below the ratings in these two categories at the same time last year. Producers had planted 55 percent of this year's sorghum crop by June 4, slightly behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was 14 percentage points behind the 5-year average in Kansas at the beginning of the month. By June 25, ninety-five percent of the Nation's sorghum was planted, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Heading advanced to 20 percent complete by June 25, five percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the sorghum was at or beyond the heading stage by July 2, four percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Heading progress was most advanced in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. Overall, 62 percent of the sorghum was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down 5 percentage points from the first National sorghum crop rating on June 11 and 7 percentage points lower than at the same time last year. Nationwide, 96 percent of the oat crop had emerged by June 4, two percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 4, thirty-five percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 2 percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 18, sixty percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 6 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Favorable conditions during the week ending June 18 promoted rapid crop development with double-digit heading progress observed in all estimating States except Texas where heading was already complete. Heading of this year's oat crop advanced to 85 percent complete by July 2, six percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Heading progress was at or ahead of the 5-year average in 7 of the 9 estimating States. Overall, 53 percent of the oats were reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down 9 percentage points from the June 4 rating and 14 percentage points below the same time last year. By June 4, ninety-nine percent of the barley crop was seeded, slightly behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the barley crop had emerged by June 4, eight percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Emergence was virtually complete in Minnesota by June 4. Nationwide, 97 percent of the barley crop had emerged by June 18, slightly behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. By June 18, ten percent of this year's barley crop was headed, 10 percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Heading progress was behind normal in all estimating States except Idaho at mid-month. Heading of the Nation's barley crop advanced to 51 percent complete by July 2, nineteen percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Dry weather aided crop maturation in North Dakota, with barley heading advancing 56 percentage points during the last week of the month to reach 90 percent complete. Overall, 52 percent of the barley was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down 17 percentage points from the beginning of the month and 23 percentage points lower than at the same time last year. Heading of this year's winter wheat crop advanced to 87 percent complete by June 4, three percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 4, producers had harvested 10 percent of this year's winter wheat crop, 8 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Texas, winter wheat harvest was in full swing with 58 percent complete at the beginning of June, 35 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 18, ninety-seven percent of the winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest progress, at 28 percent complete by June 18, was 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Over 20 percent of the winter wheat crop was harvested during the third week of June in Arkansas, Illinois, Missouri, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. By July 2, producers had harvested 53 percent of the winter wheat crop, 3 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. Kansas producers were able to harvest 25 percent of the winter wheat crop during the last week of the month, bringing the State harvested total to 73 percent complete by July 2. Overall, 48 percent of the winter wheat was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down slightly compared to the percentage rated in these two categories on June 4 and 14 percentage points lower than at the same time last year. The Nation's spring wheat was 90 percent emerged by June 4, five percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 18, fifteen percent of the spring wheat was at or beyond the heading stage, 10 percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By July 2, fifty-nine percent of the spring wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 12 percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-three percent of the spring wheat acreage in Idaho moved into the heading stage during the final week of the month to reach 61 percent headed by July 2. Overall, 37 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down 18 percentage points from the beginning of the month and 35 percentage points lower than at the same time last year. Drought conditions continued to worsen in the Dakotas and eastern Montana with at least 30 percent of the spring wheat acreage rated in very poor to poor condition in all three States. Emergence of the 2017 rice crop was 91 percent complete by June 4, two percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. Emergence was complete or nearly complete in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas at the beginning of June. Ninety-eight percent of the rice crop had emerged by June 18, two percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 18, two percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. Heading progress was most advanced in Louisiana at 28 percent complete on June 18, eight percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 2, fourteen percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 5 percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With ideal growing conditions, Texas heading progress jumped 27 percentage points during the last week of June to 56 percent complete overall. Seventy-three percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, up 7 percentage points from the June 4 rating and 4 percentage points above the same time last year. Eighty-three percent of the Nation's soybean crop was planted by June 4, slightly ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ideal conditions in the central Corn Belt accelerated soybean planting progress, with Illinois and Wisconsin progressing 23 and 28 percentage points, respectively, during the first week of June. Nationally, 58 percent of the soybean crop had emerged by June 4, four percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's soybean crop was planted by June 18, slightly ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 18, eighty-nine percent of the soybeans were emerged, slightly ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the Nation's soybean crop was emerged by June 25, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 25, nine percent of the soybean crop was blooming, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-eight percent of the United States soybean crop had emerged by July 2, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By month's end, 18 percent of the soybean crop was blooming, 2 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced in the Mississippi Delta by July 2, with 83 percent blooming in Louisiana, 73 percent in Mississippi, and 69 percent in Arkansas. Overall, 64 percent of the soybeans were reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, down 2 percentage points from the June 11 rating and 6 percentage points below the same time last year. Peanut planting advanced to 91 percent complete by June 4, two percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By June 11, ninety-five percent of the peanuts were planted, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. Thirteen percent of this year's peanut crop was pegging by June 18, five percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Pegging was 21 percent complete in Georgia by June 18, ten percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 2, forty-five percent of the peanut crop had advanced to the pegging stage, slightly behind last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 75 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, compared with 72 percent on June 4 and 71 percent at the same time last year. By June 4, sunflower producers had planted 61 percent of this year's crop, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sunflower planting progress was rapid in North Dakota during the first week of the month, advancing 23 percentage points to 81 percent complete. Sunflower producers had planted 93 percent of this year's crop by June 18, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seeding was nearly complete in North Dakota, with 98 percent of the crop planted by June 18. By June 25, ninety-seven percent of the sunflower crop was planted, slightly ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 4, eighty percent of the cotton crop was planted, 7 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Nationally, 11 percent of the cotton crop was squaring by June 4, four percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the cotton was planted by June 18, equal to last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By week's end, 22 percent of the cotton crop was at or beyond the squaring stage, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 98 percent of the cotton crop was planted by June 25, equal to last year but slightly behind the 5-year average. Thirty-four percent of the cotton crop was squaring by June 25, six percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Late planting continued to affect squaring progress in California, which was 26 percentage points behind the 5-year average on June 25. Seven percent of this year's cotton crop was setting bolls by June 25, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 45 percent of the cotton crop was squaring by July 2, five percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Double-digit square development was observed in 11 of the 15 estimating States during the last week of the month. Nationally, 13 percent of this year's cotton crop was setting bolls by July 2, three percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Overall, 54 percent of the cotton was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, compared with 61 percent on June 4 and 56 percent at the same time last year. Crop Comments Oats: Production is forecast at 53.7 million bushels, down 17 percent from 2016. Growers expect to harvest 880,000 acres for grain or seed, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 10 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 61.0 bushels per acre, down 5 bushels from 2016. As of July 2, eighty-five percent of the oat acreage was headed, 6 percentage points behind last year's pace but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. As of July 2, fifty-three percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 67 percent at the same time last year. Barley: Production is forecast at 143 million bushels, down 28 percent from 2016. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 73.5 bushels per acre, down 4.4 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 1.95 million acres, is unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 24 percent from 2016. When compared with last year, the largest yield decreases are expected in North Dakota and Washington due to dry conditions. A record high yield is forecast in Colorado. Ninety-nine percent of the Nation's barley crop was sown by June 4, slightly behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 18, ninety-seven percent of the barley crop had emerged, slightly behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-one percent of the barley crop was headed by July 2, nineteen percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, 52 percent of the barley was reported in good to excellent condition on July 2, twenty-three percentage points lower than at the same time last year. Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.28 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the June 1 forecast but down 23 percent from 2016. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 49.7 bushels per acre, up 0.8 bushel from last month but down 5.6 bushels from last year. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 25.8 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 15 percent from last year. As of July 2, forty-eight percent of the winter wheat crop in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 14 percentage points below the same time last year. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's final head count in all States. As of July 2, harvest progress was equal to or ahead of normal in all major Hard Red Winter (HRW) States except California, Colorado, and Nebraska. Yield increases from last month in the HRW growing area are expected in Colorado and Kansas but yield decreases are expected in California, Montana, South Dakota, and Texas. Estimates are unchanged from the previous month in Nebraska, North Dakota, and Oklahoma. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are above last year's levels in Missouri and Ohio, but below last year's level in Illinois. As of July 2, harvest progress in the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area was ahead of normal in all major producing States except Michigan. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year. Eighty-four percent of the Washington crop was rated in mostly good to excellent condition as of July 2. In the Pacific Northwest, development was delayed by a wet winter and spring flooding. Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 57.5 million bushels, down 45 percent from 2016. The United States yield is forecast at 30.9 bushels per acre, down 13.1 bushels from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 1.86 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but 21 percent below 2016. Crop development started off behind the normal pace but caught up and moved ahead of normal this year in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. As of July 2, eighteen percent of the acreage in Montana and 33 percent of the acreage in North Dakota was rated in good to excellent condition. Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 423 million bushels, down 21 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 40.3 bushels per acre, down 6.9 bushels from 2016. Of the total production, 385 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 22 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 10.5 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2017, but down 7 percent from last year. Due to a wet spring in some parts of the spring wheat growing area, the season started out behind the normal pace but quickly caught up. In the six major producing States, 59 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage as of July 2, twelve percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Compared with last year, yield decreases are expected in all States except Minnesota. If realized, the forecasted yield in Minnesota will be a record high. As of July 2, thirty-seven percent of the other spring wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 72 percent at the same time last year. Tobacco: United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 459 million pounds, up 6 percent from the 2016 crop. Area harvested, at 205,500 acres, is 4 percent below last year. Yield per acre for flue-cured tobacco is forecast at 2,232 pounds, up 211 pounds from a year ago. Apricots: The 2017 apricot crop is forecast at 55,500 tons, down 13 percent from last year. The California crop represents 85 percent of the total United States production. Harvest in California began in May, approximately 7 to 10 days later than last year. Some growers reported rain during the blossom period. Almonds: The 2017 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 2.25 billion pounds, up 2 percent from the previous forecast and 5 percent above the 2016 production of 2.14 billion pounds. The 2017 bloom period was extended due to cold temperatures. Significant rainfall before and during bloom made the application of sprays difficult but was beneficial to the crop overall. Grapefruit: The United States 2016-2017 grapefruit crop is forecast at 684,000 tons, up 2 percent from last month but down 15 percent from last season's final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 7.80 million boxes (332,000 tons), is unchanged from last month but down 28 percent from last year. In Texas, grapefruit production, at 4.80 million boxes (192,000 tons), is up 2 percent from last month but unchanged from last year. However, California production, at 4.00 million boxes (160,000 tons), is up 5 percent from both last month and last year. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 1.04 million tons, up 8 percent from last month and up 9 percent from last season's final utilization if tangelos were included. If realized, this will be the largest production since records began in 1964-1965. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast is up 9 percent from the previous forecast and up 11 percent from last season due to more bearing acres coming into production. Lemons: The forecast for the 2016-2017 United States lemon crop is 826,000 tons, down slightly from the previous forecast and down 9 percent from last season's final utilization. Production is down from the 2015-2016 season in both Arizona and California. Florida citrus: In the citrus growing region, daily temperatures were reported around average. Highs were mostly in the upper 80s, with a few days reaching the mid-90s, while nighttime lows ranged from the upper-60s to mid- 70s. Significant rain fell on several days during the month with daily totals measuring from one-tenth of an inch to as much as three inches. About three- fourths of the monitored citrus stations received more than ten inches of rainfall during June. The highest amounts were in the Central and Western areas. Sebring (Highlands County) received 17.36 inches, and Wauchula (Hardee County) received 15.79 inches. According to the June 27, 2017 U.S. Drought Monitor, the complete citrus growing region was drought free for the first time in several months. Harvest of all citrus varieties is nearly complete. Most packinghouses and processing plants are closed for the season. Numerous field workers reported minimal or no activity in visited groves. Others observed owners concentrating on next season's crop. Caretakers were applying nutritional sprays and pesticides as weather permitted, or performing general grove maintenance. Some owners continued to reset in existing groves, while others were pushing old blocks and planting new varieties in vacant land. Most ditches and canals have sufficient water for irrigation if needed. Some growers were still irrigating a couple days per week. The fruit and trees were responding well to the moisture, showing signs of growth on the fruit and new leaves on the trees. California citrus: Grapefruit harvest was finishing up, with Star Ruby grapefruit being exported to foreign markets. Old citrus trees were being pulled to make way for new citrus varieties. Seedless tangerines continued to be netted. By mid-month bloom was complete for seedless tangerines and removal of the protective netting began. Late navel orange harvest was completed. Valencia orange harvest continued to months' end. Regreening in citrus has become more common due to higher temperatures. California noncitrus fruits and nuts: Stone fruit harvest continued with reports of a strong domestic market. Summer pruning of stone fruit orchards began. Both mechanical and chemical weed control continued in orchards. Orchard floors continued to be lined with reflective plastic to improve color prior to harvest. Grapevines continued to have leaves removed to allow for improved air circulation and light around the developing bunches to improve color. Cherry harvest continued, while the peak of cherry season had passed. Olives were still blooming. Kiwi fruit were thinned. Some apple orchards employed overhead cooling systems to mitigate the impact of the heat. New orchards of almonds continued to be planted or ground prepped. Pistachio, walnut, and almond orchards were irrigated and fertilized. Some orchard floors were sprayed with herbicides and fungicides. Mechanical and chemical weed control operations continued in nut orchards. Weed control in almond orchards was ongoing. In some locations walnut growers applied sunburn preventive materials toward the end of June. Pistachios were fertilized. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 7 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 73 percent of the 2016 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewers. Approximately 6,700 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: In Florida, during August and September, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective measurement estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 2.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 2.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 4.2 percent. Differences between the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 29 million bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 81 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 orange production forecast is 1.5 percent. However, if you exclude the three abnormal production seasons (one freeze and two hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.5 percent, or 1.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.5 percent, or 2.3 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the July 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 107,000 tons (97,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 9,000 tons to 251,000 tons (9,000 tons to 227,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons.) The July 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times (below 5 times and above 12 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the July 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch................................................ (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section.................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.............................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay..................................... (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.............................................. (202) 690-3234 Scott Matthews - Crop Weather, Barley...................................... (202) 720-7621 Sammy Neal - Peanuts, Rice................................................. (202) 720-7688 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat................................................... (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.......................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................. (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section......... (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Bananas, Cherries, Garlic, Lettuce, Mint, Papaya, Pears, Strawberries, Taro, Tomatoes............................................. (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Avocados, Cauliflower, Celery, Citrus, Coffee, Dates, Figs, Kiwifruit, Nectarines, Olives, Watermelons................................ (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Blackberries, Blueberries, Boysenberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Potatoes, Raspberries, Squash, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes....................................................... (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Austrian Winter Peas, Cantaloupes, Dry Beans, Dry Edible Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Mushrooms, Peaches, Snap Beans .. (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chile Peppers, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Maple Syrup, Tree Nuts, Spinach..................... (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Lima Beans, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.............................................. (202) 720-4288 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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