Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released October 10, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Special Note All forecasts in this report are based on conditions as of October 1, 2019 and assume normal weather for the remainder of the growing season. Data were not adjusted to account for any potential departures from normal between now and harvest. As is done every year in October, planted and harvested acreage estimates were reviewed for corn, sorghum, soybeans, sunflower, canola, sugarbeets, and dry edible beans and updated as needed based on all available data, including the latest certified acreage data from the Farm Service Agency (FSA). All States in the estimating program for these crops were subject to review and updating. Detailed estimates can be found on pages 6, 9, 11, 14, 17, 22, and 23. Corn Production Down Less Than 1 Percent from September Forecast Soybean Production Down 2 Percent Cotton Production Down 1 Percent Orange Production Virtually Unchanged from Last Season Corn production for grain is forecast at 13.8 billion bushels, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 4 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 168.4 bushels per harvested acre, up 0.2 bushel from the previous forecast but down 8.0 bushels from 2018. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 81.8 million acres, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but up slightly from 2018. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Soybean production for beans is forecast at 3.55 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the previous forecast and down 20 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 46.9 bushels per acre, down 1.0 bushel from the previous forecast and down 3.7 bushels from 2018. Area harvested for beans in the United States is forecast at 75.6 million acres, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 14 percent from 2018. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. All cotton production is forecast at 21.7 million 480-pound bales, down 1 percent from the previous forecast, but up 18 percent from 2018. Based on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 833 pounds per harvested acre, down 6 pounds from the previous forecast and down 31 pounds from 2018. Upland cotton production is forecast at 21.0 million 480-pound bales, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 19 percent from 2018. Pima cotton production is forecast at 724,000 bales, up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 10 percent from 2018. All cotton area harvested is forecast at 12.5 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but up 23 percent from 2018. The United States all orange forecast for the 2019-2020 season is 5.33 million tons, virtually unchanged from the 2018-2019 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 74.0 million boxes (3.33 million tons), is up 3 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 32.0 million boxes (1.44 million tons), up 5 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 42.0 million boxes (1.89 million tons), is up 2 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast is 47.0 million boxes (1.88 million tons), down 6 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 9.00 million boxes (360,000 tons), unchanged from last season's final utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 2.70 million boxes (115,000 tons), is up 8 percent from last season's final utilization. This report was approved on October 10, 2019. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Corn Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2018 and 2019................ 6 Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 7 Corn Production - United States Chart.............................................................................. 8 Sorghum Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2018 and 2019............. 9 Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 9 Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019......... 10 Rice Production by Class - United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019...................................... 10 Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019............................ 11 Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 12 Soybean Production - United States Chart........................................................................... 13 Sunflower Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019..................................... 14 Sunflower Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 15 Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 16 Canola Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019........................................ 17 Canola Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019....... 17 Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 18 Cottonseed Production - United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019......................................... 19 Cotton Production - United States Chart............................................................................ 19 Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019......................................................................................... 20 All Other Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 21 Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019..................................... 22 Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 22 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019......................................................................................... 22 Dry Edible Bean Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019............................... 23 Dry Edible Bean Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 23 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 24 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019......................................................................................... 25 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2018-2019 and Forecasted October 1, 2019.................................................................................................... 26 Pecan Production by Variety - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019........................ 27 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019............ 28 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019.............. 30 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2019 and 2020........................................ 32 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2019 and 2020.......................................... 33 Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre - Selected States: 2015-2019.............................................. 34 Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre - Selected States: 2015-2019................................................ 35 Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019............................ 35 Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet - Selected States: 2015-2019............................................ 36 Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019......................... 36 Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts - Selected States: 2015-2019......................................................... 37 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map................................................................................ 38 Departure from Normal Temperature Map.............................................................................. 38 September Weather Summary.......................................................................................... 39 September Agricultural Summary..................................................................................... 39 Crop Comments...................................................................................................... 41 Statistical Methodology............................................................................................ 46 Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecast.................................................................. 47 Information Contacts............................................................................................... 48 Corn Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Alabama ..........: 260 320 250 305 Arizona ..........: 70 85 15 41 Arkansas .........: 660 770 645 740 California .......: 430 420 65 90 Colorado .........: 1,470 1,550 1,200 1,260 Connecticut 2/ ...: 23 24 (NA) (NA) Delaware .........: 170 190 166 180 Florida ..........: 100 95 65 53 Georgia ..........: 325 390 285 345 Idaho ............: 360 385 135 125 : Illinois .........: 11,000 10,500 10,850 10,250 Indiana ..........: 5,350 5,100 5,200 4,900 Iowa .............: 13,200 13,500 12,800 13,100 Kansas ...........: 5,450 6,400 5,000 6,000 Kentucky .........: 1,340 1,550 1,230 1,450 Louisiana ........: 460 570 450 550 Maine 2/ .........: 31 29 (NA) (NA) Maryland .........: 450 510 390 440 Massachusetts 2/ .: 14 15 (NA) (NA) Michigan .........: 2,300 2,050 1,940 1,740 : Minnesota ........: 7,900 7,800 7,490 7,310 Mississippi ......: 480 660 465 625 Missouri .........: 3,500 3,250 3,330 3,050 Montana ..........: 115 115 68 62 Nebraska .........: 9,600 10,100 9,310 9,750 Nevada 2/ ........: 13 14 (NA) (NA) New Hampshire 2/ .: 13 13 (NA) (NA) New Jersey .......: 72 77 61 63 New Mexico .......: 135 140 35 41 New York .........: 1,100 1,010 645 530 : North Carolina ...: 910 990 830 910 North Dakota .....: 3,150 3,550 2,930 3,310 Ohio .............: 3,500 2,800 3,300 2,590 Oklahoma .........: 320 370 280 325 Oregon ...........: 80 80 45 52 Pennsylvania .....: 1,350 1,400 950 960 Rhode Island 2/ ..: 2 2 (NA) (NA) South Carolina ...: 340 380 310 345 South Dakota .....: 5,300 4,400 4,860 3,920 Tennessee ........: 740 970 690 920 : Texas ............: 2,200 2,500 1,750 2,050 Utah .............: 70 85 22 29 Vermont 2/ .......: 85 81 (NA) (NA) Virginia .........: 485 540 325 375 Washington .......: 165 165 85 85 West Virginia ....: 46 52 33 39 Wisconsin ........: 3,900 3,850 3,170 2,840 Wyoming ..........: 95 95 70 65 : United States ....: 89,129 89,942 81,740 81,815 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Area harvested for grain not estimated. Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-----------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1: October 1 : : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---------- bushels ---------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Alabama .........: 250 305 156.0 161.0 151.0 39,000 46,055 Arkansas ........: 645 740 181.0 177.0 175.0 116,745 129,500 California ......: 65 90 173.0 161.0 165.0 11,245 14,850 Colorado ........: 1,200 1,260 130.0 148.0 144.0 156,000 181,440 Delaware ........: 166 180 145.0 160.0 150.0 24,070 27,000 Georgia .........: 285 345 176.0 166.0 168.0 50,160 57,960 Idaho ...........: 135 125 213.0 200.0 210.0 28,755 26,250 Illinois ........: 10,850 10,250 210.0 180.0 179.0 2,278,500 1,834,750 Indiana .........: 5,200 4,900 189.0 161.0 162.0 982,800 793,800 Iowa ............: 12,800 13,100 196.0 191.0 192.0 2,508,800 2,515,200 : Kansas ..........: 5,000 6,000 129.0 136.0 136.0 645,000 816,000 Kentucky ........: 1,230 1,450 175.0 177.0 178.0 215,250 258,100 Louisiana .......: 450 550 173.0 166.0 166.0 77,850 91,300 Maryland ........: 390 440 146.0 165.0 167.0 56,940 73,480 Michigan ........: 1,940 1,740 153.0 148.0 155.0 296,820 269,700 Minnesota .......: 7,490 7,310 182.0 171.0 173.0 1,363,180 1,264,630 Mississippi .....: 465 625 185.0 176.0 174.0 86,025 108,750 Missouri ........: 3,330 3,050 140.0 160.0 155.0 466,200 472,750 Nebraska ........: 9,310 9,750 192.0 186.0 186.0 1,787,520 1,813,500 New York ........: 645 530 159.0 154.0 153.0 102,555 81,090 : North Carolina ..: 830 910 113.0 110.0 110.0 93,790 100,100 North Dakota ....: 2,930 3,310 153.0 145.0 146.0 448,290 483,260 Ohio ............: 3,300 2,590 187.0 158.0 160.0 617,100 414,400 Oklahoma ........: 280 325 134.0 140.0 142.0 37,520 46,150 Pennsylvania ....: 950 960 140.0 155.0 160.0 133,000 153,600 South Carolina ..: 310 345 127.0 117.0 110.0 39,370 37,950 South Dakota ....: 4,860 3,920 160.0 156.0 154.0 777,600 603,680 Tennessee .......: 690 920 168.0 175.0 175.0 115,920 161,000 Texas ...........: 1,750 2,050 108.0 140.0 142.0 189,000 291,100 Virginia ........: 325 375 146.0 149.0 148.0 47,450 55,500 Washington ......: 85 85 220.0 200.0 210.0 18,700 17,850 Wisconsin .......: 3,170 2,840 172.0 163.0 163.0 545,240 462,920 : Other States 1/ .: 414 445 153.9 166.4 170.2 63,706 75,720 : United States ...: 81,740 81,815 176.4 168.2 168.4 14,420,101 13,779,335 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Arizona, Florida, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2019 Summary." Sorghum Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Arkansas 2/ ......: 12 (NA) 10 (NA) Colorado .........: 355 365 325 325 Georgia 2/ .......: 25 (NA) 15 (NA) Illinois 2/ ......: 18 (NA) 16 (NA) Kansas ...........: 2,800 2,600 2,650 2,400 Louisiana 2/ .....: 8 (NA) 6 (NA) Mississippi 2/ ...: 4 (NA) 3 (NA) Missouri 2/ ......: 30 (NA) 21 (NA) Nebraska .........: 230 195 170 140 New Mexico 2/ ....: 80 (NA) 47 (NA) : North Carolina 2/ : 18 (NA) 8 (NA) Oklahoma .........: 300 305 240 270 South Dakota .....: 260 245 200 180 Texas ............: 1,550 1,550 1,350 1,400 : United States ....: 5,690 5,260 5,061 4,715 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-----------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1: October 1 : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---------- bushels ---------- 1,000 bushels : Arkansas 1/ ........: 10 (NA) 77.0 (NA) (NA) 770 (NA) Colorado ...........: 325 325 53.0 48.0 45.0 17,225 14,625 Georgia 1/ .........: 15 (NA) 53.0 (NA) (NA) 795 (NA) Illinois 1/ ........: 16 (NA) 111.0 (NA) (NA) 1,776 (NA) Kansas .............: 2,650 2,400 88.0 82.0 82.0 233,200 196,800 Louisiana 1/ .......: 6 (NA) 84.0 (NA) (NA) 504 (NA) Mississippi 1/ .....: 3 (NA) 90.0 (NA) (NA) 270 (NA) Missouri 1/ ........: 21 (NA) 100.0 (NA) (NA) 2,100 (NA) Nebraska ...........: 170 140 94.0 93.0 93.0 15,980 13,020 New Mexico 1/ ......: 47 (NA) 38.0 (NA) (NA) 1,786 (NA) : North Carolina 1/ ..: 8 (NA) 60.0 (NA) (NA) 480 (NA) Oklahoma ...........: 240 270 50.0 53.0 52.0 12,000 14,040 South Dakota .......: 200 180 80.0 83.0 83.0 16,000 14,940 Texas ..............: 1,350 1,400 46.0 68.0 68.0 62,100 95,200 : United States ......: 5,061 4,715 72.1 74.3 73.9 364,986 348,625 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-------------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1 : October 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------------ pounds ----------- ---- 1,000 cwt --- : Arkansas .....: 1,427 1,126 7,520 7,450 7,500 107,325 84,450 California ...: 504 493 8,620 8,700 8,800 43,425 43,384 Louisiana ....: 436 415 7,130 6,700 6,650 31,094 27,598 Mississippi ..: 139 116 7,350 7,350 7,350 10,217 8,526 Missouri .....: 220 173 7,770 7,500 7,500 17,090 12,975 Texas ........: 189 154 7,970 7,300 7,600 15,060 11,704 : United States : 2,915 2,477 7,692 7,563 7,616 224,211 188,637 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes sweet rice production. Rice Production by Class - United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Year : Long grain : Medium grain : Short grain 1/ : All : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 cwt : 2018 .......: 163,956 57,339 2,916 224,211 2019 2/ ....: 127,536 58,817 2,284 188,637 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Sweet rice production included with short grain. 2/ The 2019 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all rice yield. Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Alabama ..........: 345 270 335 265 Arkansas .........: 3,270 2,650 3,210 2,600 Delaware .........: 170 155 168 153 Florida 2/ .......: 18 (NA) 12 (NA) Georgia ..........: 145 100 130 95 Illinois .........: 10,800 10,000 10,500 9,940 Indiana ..........: 6,000 5,400 5,960 5,370 Iowa .............: 9,950 9,200 9,830 9,130 Kansas ...........: 4,750 4,600 4,690 4,540 Kentucky .........: 1,950 1,700 1,930 1,690 : Louisiana ........: 1,340 890 1,190 860 Maryland .........: 530 480 515 475 Michigan .........: 2,330 1,750 2,310 1,720 Minnesota ........: 7,750 6,900 7,650 6,820 Mississippi ......: 2,230 1,650 2,190 1,620 Missouri .........: 5,850 5,100 5,780 5,030 Nebraska .........: 5,650 5,000 5,590 4,950 New Jersey .......: 110 97 107 95 New York .........: 335 235 325 230 North Carolina ...: 1,650 1,550 1,570 1,530 : North Dakota .....: 6,900 5,600 6,840 5,550 Ohio .............: 5,050 4,300 5,020 4,270 Oklahoma .........: 640 460 600 440 Pennsylvania .....: 640 630 630 625 South Carolina ...: 390 340 330 330 South Dakota .....: 5,650 3,600 5,580 3,560 Tennessee ........: 1,700 1,400 1,670 1,380 Texas ............: 175 80 135 68 Virginia .........: 600 570 590 560 West Virginia 2/ .: 29 (NA) 27 (NA) Wisconsin ........: 2,220 1,750 2,180 1,730 : United States ....: 89,167 76,457 87,594 75,626 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-----------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1: October 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---------- bushels --------- -- 1,000 bushels -- : Alabama .........: 335 265 40.0 44.0 40.0 13,400 10,600 Arkansas ........: 3,210 2,600 50.5 50.0 50.0 162,105 130,000 Delaware ........: 168 153 41.5 45.0 43.0 6,972 6,579 Florida 1/ ......: 12 (NA) 37.0 (NA) (NA) 444 (NA) Georgia .........: 130 95 39.5 33.0 28.0 5,135 2,660 Illinois ........: 10,500 9,940 63.5 53.0 51.0 666,750 506,940 Indiana .........: 5,960 5,370 57.5 49.0 48.0 342,700 257,760 Iowa ............: 9,830 9,130 56.0 54.0 53.0 550,480 483,890 Kansas ..........: 4,690 4,540 43.0 44.0 43.0 201,670 195,220 Kentucky ........: 1,930 1,690 51.0 53.0 49.0 98,430 82,810 : Louisiana .......: 1,190 860 51.5 49.0 48.0 61,285 41,280 Maryland ........: 515 475 47.5 44.0 45.0 24,463 21,375 Michigan ........: 2,310 1,720 47.5 42.0 44.0 109,725 75,680 Minnesota .......: 7,650 6,820 49.0 45.0 44.0 374,850 300,080 Mississippi .....: 2,190 1,620 54.0 51.0 51.0 118,260 82,620 Missouri ........: 5,780 5,030 44.5 46.0 46.0 257,210 231,380 Nebraska ........: 5,590 4,950 58.0 58.0 56.0 324,220 277,200 New Jersey ......: 107 95 39.5 42.0 41.0 4,227 3,895 New York ........: 325 230 52.0 47.0 46.0 16,900 10,580 North Carolina ..: 1,570 1,530 33.0 38.0 37.0 51,810 56,610 : North Dakota ....: 6,840 5,550 35.0 35.0 35.0 239,400 194,250 Ohio ............: 5,020 4,270 56.0 48.0 48.0 281,120 204,960 Oklahoma ........: 600 440 28.0 26.0 28.0 16,800 12,320 Pennsylvania ....: 630 625 44.5 48.0 50.0 28,035 31,250 South Carolina ..: 330 330 29.0 34.0 29.0 9,570 9,570 South Dakota ....: 5,580 3,560 45.0 44.0 43.0 251,100 153,080 Tennessee .......: 1,670 1,380 45.5 50.0 47.0 75,985 64,860 Texas ...........: 135 68 31.5 29.0 29.0 4,253 1,972 Virginia ........: 590 560 42.0 38.0 38.0 24,780 21,280 West Virginia 1/ : 27 (NA) 53.0 (NA) (NA) 1,431 (NA) Wisconsin .......: 2,180 1,730 48.0 47.0 46.0 104,640 79,580 : United States ...: 87,594 75,626 50.6 47.9 46.9 4,428,150 3,550,281 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Sunflower Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Varietal type : Area planted : Area harvested and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Oil : California .......: 58.0 49.0 57.0 48.5 Colorado .........: 58.0 47.0 49.0 43.0 Kansas ...........: 43.0 37.0 41.0 35.0 Minnesota ........: 45.0 53.0 44.0 51.0 Nebraska .........: 25.0 28.0 24.0 27.0 North Dakota .....: 395.0 475.0 380.0 460.0 South Dakota .....: 520.0 485.0 480.0 470.0 Texas ............: 20.0 26.0 19.0 24.0 : United States ....: 1,164.0 1,200.0 1,094.0 1,158.5 : Non-oil : California .......: 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6 Colorado .........: 8.0 12.0 7.0 11.0 Kansas ...........: 10.0 12.0 8.5 11.0 Minnesota ........: 7.5 5.2 6.9 4.8 Nebraska .........: 12.0 10.0 9.5 9.0 North Dakota .....: 41.0 65.0 40.0 62.0 South Dakota .....: 51.0 48.0 45.0 45.0 Texas ............: 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 : United States ....: 137.0 158.8 123.4 148.4 : All : California .......: 60.0 50.6 59.0 50.1 Colorado .........: 66.0 59.0 56.0 54.0 Kansas ...........: 53.0 49.0 49.5 46.0 Minnesota ........: 52.5 58.2 50.9 55.8 Nebraska .........: 37.0 38.0 33.5 36.0 North Dakota .....: 436.0 540.0 420.0 522.0 South Dakota .....: 571.0 533.0 525.0 515.0 Texas ............: 25.5 31.0 23.5 28.0 : United States ....: 1,301.0 1,358.8 1,217.4 1,306.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Sunflower Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Varietal type : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ : 2018 : 2019 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 acres --- ----- pounds ---- ---- 1,000 pounds --- : Oil : California .....: 57.0 48.5 1,300 74,100 Colorado .......: 49.0 43.0 1,100 53,900 Kansas .........: 41.0 35.0 1,500 61,500 Minnesota ......: 44.0 51.0 2,250 99,000 Nebraska .......: 24.0 27.0 1,420 34,080 North Dakota ...: 380.0 460.0 1,750 665,000 South Dakota ...: 480.0 470.0 1,830 878,400 Texas ..........: 19.0 24.0 1,120 21,280 : United States ..: 1,094.0 1,158.5 1,725 1,887,260 : Non-oil : California .....: 2.0 1.6 1,200 2,400 Colorado .......: 7.0 11.0 1,150 8,050 Kansas .........: 8.5 11.0 1,500 12,750 Minnesota ......: 6.9 4.8 2,150 14,835 Nebraska .......: 9.5 9.0 1,400 13,300 North Dakota ...: 40.0 62.0 1,860 74,400 South Dakota ...: 45.0 45.0 1,950 87,750 Texas ..........: 4.5 4.0 1,400 6,300 : United States ..: 123.4 148.4 1,781 219,785 : All : California .....: 59.0 50.1 1,297 1,197 76,500 59,960 Colorado .......: 56.0 54.0 1,106 1,061 61,950 57,300 Kansas .........: 49.5 46.0 1,500 1,698 74,250 78,100 Minnesota ......: 50.9 55.8 2,236 1,937 113,835 108,090 Nebraska .......: 33.5 36.0 1,414 1,438 47,380 51,750 North Dakota ...: 420.0 522.0 1,760 1,832 739,400 956,400 South Dakota ...: 525.0 515.0 1,840 1,773 966,150 912,900 Texas ..........: 23.5 28.0 1,174 1,007 27,580 28,200 : United States ..: 1,217.4 1,306.9 1,731 1,724 2,107,045 2,252,700 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 2019 yield and production estimates for oil and non-oil varieties will be published in the "Crop Production 2019 Summary." Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama ........: 165.0 160.0 161.0 157.0 Arkansas .......: 26.0 35.0 23.0 34.0 Florida ........: 155.0 165.0 143.0 155.0 Georgia ........: 665.0 670.0 655.0 660.0 Mississippi ....: 25.0 20.0 24.0 19.0 New Mexico .....: 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.0 North Carolina .: 102.0 104.0 98.0 101.0 Oklahoma .......: 16.0 16.0 15.0 15.0 South Carolina .: 87.0 65.0 80.0 62.0 Texas ..........: 155.0 160.0 145.0 150.0 Virginia .......: 24.0 25.0 24.0 25.0 : United States ..: 1,425.5 1,425.0 1,373.5 1,383.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : : 2019 : : : 2018 :-------------------------: 2018 : 2019 : :September 1 : October 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- pounds ----------- ---- 1,000 pounds ---- : Alabama ........: 3,550 3,400 3,300 571,550 518,100 Arkansas .......: 4,900 5,000 5,000 112,700 170,000 Florida ........: 3,950 4,000 4,000 564,850 620,000 Georgia ........: 4,390 4,400 4,200 2,875,450 2,772,000 Mississippi ....: 3,900 4,300 4,300 93,600 81,700 New Mexico .....: 2,850 3,200 3,200 15,675 16,000 North Carolina .: 3,870 4,200 4,300 379,260 434,300 Oklahoma .......: 3,070 3,700 3,700 46,050 55,500 South Carolina .: 3,400 3,600 3,500 272,000 217,000 Texas ..........: 3,200 3,500 3,300 464,000 495,000 Virginia .......: 4,200 3,900 4,100 100,800 102,500 : United States ..: 4,001 4,086 3,964 5,495,935 5,482,100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Canola Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Idaho 2/ .........: 43.0 (NA) 42.0 (NA) Kansas ...........: 47.0 29.0 35.0 18.0 Minnesota ........: 46.0 51.0 45.0 49.0 Montana ..........: 120.0 150.0 116.0 145.0 North Dakota .....: 1,590.0 1,700.0 1,580.0 1,690.0 Oklahoma .........: 70.0 35.0 53.0 21.0 Oregon 2/ ........: 4.7 (NA) 4.5 (NA) Washington .......: 70.0 75.0 67.0 71.0 : United States ....: 1,990.7 2,040.0 1,942.5 1,994.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Canola Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 acres --- ----- pounds ---- ---- 1,000 pounds --- : Idaho 1/ .....: 42.0 (NA) 2,100 (NA) 88,200 (NA) Kansas .......: 35.0 18.0 960 1,370 33,600 24,660 Minnesota ....: 45.0 49.0 2,060 2,130 92,700 104,370 Montana ......: 116.0 145.0 1,120 1,450 129,920 210,250 North Dakota .: 1,580.0 1,690.0 1,960 1,900 3,096,800 3,211,000 Oklahoma .....: 53.0 21.0 880 1,410 46,640 29,610 Oregon 1/ ....: 4.5 (NA) 1,700 (NA) 7,650 (NA) Washington ...: 67.0 71.0 1,790 1,820 119,930 129,220 : United States : 1,942.5 1,994.0 1,861 1,860 3,615,440 3,709,110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production 1/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type and State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-----------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1: October 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :--- 1,000 acres -- ---------- pounds ---------- 1,000 bales 2/ : Upland : Alabama .........: 497.0 535.0 858 942 951 888.0 1,060.0 Arizona .........: 159.0 159.0 1,319 1,509 1,525 437.0 505.0 Arkansas ........: 480.0 610.0 1,133 1,157 1,157 1,133.0 1,470.0 California ......: 47.0 54.0 1,910 1,644 1,742 187.0 196.0 Florida .........: 93.0 111.0 532 908 930 103.0 215.0 Georgia .........: 1,305.0 1,390.0 719 932 932 1,955.0 2,700.0 Kansas ..........: 152.0 160.0 1,077 960 960 341.0 320.0 Louisiana .......: 189.0 270.0 1,067 978 1,013 420.0 570.0 Mississippi .....: 615.0 710.0 1,141 1,115 1,115 1,462.0 1,650.0 Missouri ........: 322.0 368.0 1,373 1,304 1,265 921.0 970.0 : New Mexico ......: 56.0 45.0 977 1,067 1,120 114.0 105.0 North Carolina ..: 415.0 495.0 812 931 921 702.0 950.0 Oklahoma ........: 550.0 575.0 595 651 701 682.0 840.0 South Carolina ..: 275.0 295.0 733 830 765 420.0 470.0 Tennessee .......: 355.0 400.0 1,041 1,116 1,128 770.0 940.0 Texas ...........: 4,350.0 6,000.0 756 640 624 6,850.0 7,800.0 Virginia ........: 97.0 104.0 896 1,062 1,015 181.0 220.0 : United States ...: 9,957.0 12,281.0 847 826 820 17,566.0 20,981.0 : American Pima : Arizona .........: 14.5 8.0 943 1,020 1,020 28.5 17.0 California ......: 210.0 204.0 1,662 1,576 1,593 727.0 677.0 New Mexico ......: 6.8 5.4 812 800 800 11.5 9.0 Texas ...........: 17.5 11.0 933 916 916 34.0 21.0 : United States ...: 248.8 228.4 1,545 1,507 1,522 801.0 724.0 : All : Alabama .........: 497.0 535.0 858 942 951 888.0 1,060.0 Arizona .........: 173.5 167.0 1,288 1,486 1,500 465.5 522.0 Arkansas ........: 480.0 610.0 1,133 1,157 1,157 1,133.0 1,470.0 California ......: 257.0 258.0 1,707 1,591 1,624 914.0 873.0 Florida .........: 93.0 111.0 532 908 930 103.0 215.0 Georgia .........: 1,305.0 1,390.0 719 932 932 1,955.0 2,700.0 Kansas ..........: 152.0 160.0 1,077 960 960 341.0 320.0 Louisiana .......: 189.0 270.0 1,067 978 1,013 420.0 570.0 Mississippi .....: 615.0 710.0 1,141 1,115 1,115 1,462.0 1,650.0 Missouri ........: 322.0 368.0 1,373 1,304 1,265 921.0 970.0 : New Mexico ......: 62.8 50.4 959 1,038 1,086 125.5 114.0 North Carolina ..: 415.0 495.0 812 931 921 702.0 950.0 Oklahoma ........: 550.0 575.0 595 651 701 682.0 840.0 South Carolina ..: 275.0 295.0 733 830 765 420.0 470.0 Tennessee .......: 355.0 400.0 1,041 1,116 1,128 770.0 940.0 Texas ...........: 4,367.5 6,011.0 757 641 625 6,884.0 7,821.0 Virginia ........: 97.0 104.0 896 1,062 1,015 181.0 220.0 : United States ...:10,205.8 12,509.4 864 839 833 18,367.0 21,705.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-pound net weight bale. Cottonseed Production - United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 tons : United States ...: 5,631.0 6,725.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 acres --- ------ tons ----- ---- 1,000 tons --- : Arizona ........: 260 285 8.30 8.10 2,158 2,309 California .....: 620 560 6.90 6.00 4,278 3,360 Colorado .......: 730 730 3.40 3.80 2,482 2,774 Idaho ..........: 1,050 1,020 4.20 4.00 4,410 4,080 Illinois .......: 250 240 3.30 3.60 825 864 Indiana ........: 240 270 3.00 3.60 720 972 Iowa ...........: 620 700 3.70 3.20 2,294 2,240 Kansas .........: 610 560 3.50 3.50 2,135 1,960 Kentucky .......: 145 115 3.10 3.20 450 368 Michigan .......: 590 570 2.40 2.10 1,416 1,197 : Minnesota ......: 720 850 2.85 2.90 2,052 2,465 Missouri .......: 270 280 2.40 2.80 648 784 Montana ........: 1,900 2,000 2.05 2.00 3,895 4,000 Nebraska .......: 850 900 4.30 3.90 3,655 3,510 Nevada .........: 185 215 4.70 5.20 870 1,118 New Mexico .....: 160 170 4.70 5.40 752 918 New York .......: 300 290 2.40 2.80 720 812 North Dakota ...: 1,470 1,350 1.70 1.70 2,499 2,295 Ohio ...........: 350 320 3.10 2.60 1,085 832 Oklahoma .......: 230 200 2.70 3.40 621 680 : Oregon .........: 420 430 4.10 4.70 1,722 2,021 Pennsylvania ...: 300 315 2.90 2.80 870 882 South Dakota ...: 1,750 1,800 2.15 2.70 3,763 4,860 Texas ..........: 140 165 5.60 4.30 784 710 Utah ...........: 500 530 3.70 4.20 1,850 2,226 Virginia .......: 40 45 3.00 3.00 120 135 Washington .....: 350 320 4.50 5.20 1,575 1,664 Wisconsin ......: 820 850 2.35 2.80 1,927 2,380 Wyoming ........: 590 610 2.70 2.30 1,593 1,403 : Other States 1/ : 148 138 3.14 2.90 465 400 : United States ..: 16,608 16,828 3.17 3.22 52,634 54,219 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2019 Summary." All Other Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 acres -- ----- tons ----- --- 1,000 tons --- : Alabama 1/ ......: 850 760 2.80 2.50 2,380 1,900 Arkansas ........: 1,200 1,180 1.80 2.00 2,160 2,360 California ......: 360 330 3.90 3.50 1,404 1,155 Colorado ........: 690 730 1.65 1.80 1,139 1,314 Georgia 1/ ......: 600 580 2.90 2.90 1,740 1,682 Idaho ...........: 290 240 2.10 2.00 609 480 Illinois ........: 220 230 2.20 2.20 484 506 Indiana .........: 270 300 2.45 2.10 662 630 Iowa ............: 320 380 2.20 2.60 704 988 Kansas ..........: 1,750 1,700 1.50 1.90 2,625 3,230 : Kentucky ........: 1,750 2,000 2.65 2.40 4,638 4,800 Louisiana 1/ ....: 380 390 2.20 2.40 836 936 Michigan ........: 220 230 1.80 1.60 396 368 Minnesota .......: 500 450 2.05 2.00 1,025 900 Mississippi 1/ ..: 590 600 2.10 2.30 1,239 1,380 Missouri ........: 2,800 2,900 1.70 2.20 4,760 6,380 Montana .........: 1,000 900 1.70 1.50 1,700 1,350 Nebraska ........: 1,850 1,600 1.80 1.70 3,330 2,720 New York ........: 920 920 2.20 2.00 2,024 1,840 North Carolina ..: 810 810 2.70 2.40 2,187 1,944 : North Dakota ....: 1,200 1,300 1.60 1.70 1,920 2,210 Ohio ............: 620 640 2.05 2.10 1,271 1,344 Oklahoma ........: 3,000 3,100 1.50 1.90 4,500 5,890 Oregon ..........: 580 620 2.30 2.40 1,334 1,488 Pennsylvania ....: 890 820 2.10 2.40 1,869 1,968 South Dakota ....: 1,500 1,450 1.35 1.70 2,025 2,465 Tennessee .......: 1,700 1,750 2.45 2.80 4,165 4,900 Texas ...........: 4,600 4,300 1.65 2.20 7,590 9,460 Virginia ........: 1,100 1,100 2.20 2.20 2,420 2,420 Washington ......: 410 360 2.90 3.00 1,189 1,080 : West Virginia ...: 520 480 1.70 1.80 884 864 Wisconsin .......: 540 550 1.90 1.90 1,026 1,045 Wyoming .........: 500 530 1.60 1.60 800 848 : Other States 2/ .: 1,701 1,715 2.31 2.26 3,931 3,868 : United States ...: 36,231 35,945 1.96 2.13 70,966 76,713 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures included in all other hay. 2/ Other States include Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, and Vermont. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2019 Summary." Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : California .......: 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.2 Colorado .........: 26.3 25.1 25.5 24.5 Idaho ............: 163.0 171.0 163.0 166.0 Michigan .........: 150.0 146.0 147.0 145.0 Minnesota ........: 415.0 427.0 408.0 421.0 Montana ..........: 43.5 41.9 42.4 41.6 Nebraska .........: 45.5 44.1 44.1 43.6 North Dakota .....: 202.0 212.0 199.0 208.0 Oregon ...........: 9.3 9.9 9.3 9.7 Washington .......: 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 Wyoming ..........: 32.1 31.3 30.7 30.6 : United States ....: 1,113.1 1,134.9 1,095.4 1,116.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 [Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-------------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1 : October 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- 1,000 acres -- ------------ tons ----------- -- 1,000 tons -- : California 1/ : 24.6 24.2 44.4 43.9 43.9 1,092 1,062 Colorado .....: 25.5 24.5 32.6 33.0 33.0 831 809 Idaho ........: 163.0 166.0 40.5 40.2 40.2 6,602 6,673 Michigan .....: 147.0 145.0 29.1 28.1 27.5 4,278 3,988 Minnesota ....: 408.0 421.0 25.7 26.7 27.0 10,486 11,367 Montana ......: 42.4 41.6 31.1 31.5 31.3 1,319 1,302 Nebraska .....: 44.1 43.6 31.9 28.1 27.6 1,407 1,203 North Dakota .: 199.0 208.0 28.8 28.0 28.3 5,731 5,886 Oregon .......: 9.3 9.7 39.4 39.2 39.3 366 381 Washington ...: 1.8 2.0 48.2 48.2 48.3 87 97 Wyoming ......: 30.7 30.6 30.8 27.4 27.4 946 838 : United States : 1,095.4 1,116.2 30.3 30.0 30.1 33,145 33,606 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre 1/ : Production 1/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-------------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1 : October 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres ------------ tons ----------- -- 1,000 tons -- : Florida ......: 412.3 411.0 41.9 44.1 44.2 17,256 18,166 Louisiana ....: 448.5 480.0 35.4 32.4 32.0 15,861 15,360 Texas ........: 38.9 33.3 36.6 37.0 37.5 1,425 1,249 : United States : 899.7 924.3 38.4 37.8 37.6 34,542 34,775 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Net tons. Dry Edible Bean Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2018 and 2019 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published. Excludes beans grown for garden seed. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : California .......: 48.0 26.5 47.7 25.5 Colorado .........: 42.0 37.0 31.5 35.0 Idaho ............: 185.0 58.0 183.0 57.5 Michigan .........: 195.0 190.0 193.0 187.0 Minnesota ........: 175.0 210.0 168.0 201.0 Montana 2/ .......: 395.0 (NA) 386.0 (NA) Nebraska .........: 140.0 120.0 131.0 110.0 North Dakota .....: 635.0 620.0 615.0 600.0 Texas 2/ .........: 18.0 (NA) 16.0 (NA) Washington .......: 218.0 25.0 217.0 25.0 Wyoming ..........: 30.0 21.0 27.8 19.5 : United States ....: 2,081.0 1,307.5 2,016.0 1,260.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Dry Edible Bean Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 [Excludes beans grown for garden seed. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre 1/ : Production 1/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 acres ----- ------- pounds ------ ------ 1,000 cwt ----- : California .....: 47.7 25.5 2,500 2,200 1,191 561 Colorado .......: 31.5 35.0 2,120 1,920 668 672 Idaho ..........: 183.0 57.5 1,710 2,100 3,127 1,208 Michigan .......: 193.0 187.0 2,400 2,100 4,635 3,927 Minnesota ......: 168.0 201.0 2,360 2,150 3,964 4,322 Montana 2/ .....: 386.0 (NA) 1,350 (NA) 5,214 (NA) Nebraska .......: 131.0 110.0 2,480 2,020 3,249 2,222 North Dakota ...: 615.0 600.0 1,760 1,660 10,806 9,960 Texas 2/ .......: 16.0 (NA) 1,100 (NA) 176 (NA) Washington .....: 217.0 25.0 1,780 2,100 3,857 525 Wyoming ........: 27.8 19.5 2,180 2,130 607 415 : United States ..: 2,016.0 1,260.5 1,860 1,889 37,494 23,812 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Clean basis. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :-------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :-----------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : :September 1: October 1 : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- acres ----- ---------- pounds ---------- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Georgia .........: 12,500 9,000 1,900 2,000 2,000 23,750 18,000 Kentucky ........: 68,100 57,700 1,973 2,196 2,197 134,370 126,790 North Carolina ..: 152,750 118,400 1,649 1,999 1,799 251,925 213,040 Pennsylvania ....: 7,800 5,700 2,231 2,326 2,326 17,400 13,260 South Carolina ..: 12,300 8,000 1,800 2,000 1,700 22,140 13,600 Tennessee .......: 15,700 13,800 2,523 2,332 2,278 39,610 31,440 Virginia ........: 22,280 16,020 1,977 2,181 1,993 44,046 31,932 : United States ...: 291,430 228,620 1,830 2,090 1,960 533,241 448,062 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class, type, and State : : : : 2019 : : : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 :---------------------------: 2018 : 2019 : : : : September 1 : October 1 : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ acres ----- ------------ pounds ------------ -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ................................: 12,500 9,000 1,900 2,000 2,000 23,750 18,000 North Carolina .........................: 152,000 118,000 1,650 2,000 1,800 250,800 212,400 South Carolina .........................: 12,300 8,000 1,800 2,000 1,700 22,140 13,600 Virginia ...............................: 21,000 15,000 2,000 2,200 2,000 42,000 30,000 : United States ..........................: 197,800 150,000 1,712 2,020 1,827 338,690 274,000 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 11,000 9,500 3,200 3,100 3,100 35,200 29,450 Tennessee ..............................: 7,600 6,400 3,050 2,700 2,700 23,180 17,280 Virginia ...............................: 280 320 1,950 2,100 2,100 546 672 : United States ..........................: 18,880 16,220 3,121 2,920 2,922 58,926 47,402 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 50,000 41,000 1,600 1,900 1,900 80,000 77,900 North Carolina .......................: 750 400 1,500 1,600 1,600 1,125 640 Pennsylvania .........................: 4,000 2,500 2,200 2,400 2,400 8,800 6,000 Tennessee ............................: 5,300 4,000 1,700 1,600 1,500 9,010 6,000 Virginia .............................: 1,000 700 1,500 1,800 1,800 1,500 1,260 : United States ........................: 61,050 48,600 1,645 1,897 1,889 100,435 91,800 : Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt : Pennsylvania .........................: 1,400 1,000 2,200 2,200 2,200 3,080 2,200 : United States ........................: 1,400 1,000 2,200 2,200 2,200 3,080 2,200 : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 62,450 49,600 1,658 1,903 1,895 103,515 94,000 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 7,100 7,200 2,700 2,800 2,700 19,170 19,440 Tennessee ..............................: 2,800 3,400 2,650 2,500 2,400 7,420 8,160 : United States ..........................: 9,900 10,600 2,686 2,704 2,604 26,590 27,600 : Class 4, Cigar filler : Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,400 2,200 2,300 2,300 2,300 5,520 5,060 : United States ........................: 2,400 2,200 2,300 2,300 2,300 5,520 5,060 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 291,430 228,620 1,830 2,090 1,960 533,241 448,062 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2018-2019 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ------ ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all ............: 49,800 47,000 1,992 1,880 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 40,800 38,000 1,632 1,520 Valencia ..................: 9,000 9,000 360 360 : Florida, all ...............: 71,750 74,000 3,229 3,330 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 30,400 32,000 1,368 1,440 Valencia ..................: 41,350 42,000 1,861 1,890 : Texas, all .................: 2,500 2,700 106 115 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 2,210 2,050 94 87 Valencia ..................: 290 650 12 28 : United States, all .........: 124,050 123,700 5,327 5,325 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 73,410 72,050 3,094 3,047 Valencia ..................: 50,640 51,650 2,233 2,278 : Grapefruit : California .................: 3,200 4,200 128 168 Florida, all ...............: 4,510 4,600 192 196 Red .......................: 3,740 3,900 159 166 White .....................: 770 700 33 30 Texas ......................: 6,100 5,700 244 228 : United States ..............: 13,810 14,500 564 592 : Tangerines and mandarins 3/ : California .................: 26,000 23,000 1,040 920 Florida ....................: 990 1,050 47 50 : United States ..............: 26,990 24,050 1,087 970 : Lemons : Arizona ....................: 1,350 1,400 54 56 California .................: 22,800 20,000 912 800 : United States ..............: 24,150 21,400 966 856 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 3/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Pecan Production by Variety - States and United States: 2018 and Forecasted October 1, 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production (in-shell basis) State and variety :------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Alabama 1/ ..............: 1,600 (NA) Improved ...............: 1,490 (NA) Native and seedling ....: 110 (NA) : Arizona .................: 27,900 38,000 Improved ...............: 27,900 38,000 : California 1/ ...........: 3,700 (NA) Improved ...............: 3,700 (NA) : Georgia .................: 70,000 76,000 Improved ...............: 70,000 76,000 : Louisiana 1/ ............: 6,030 (NA) Improved ...............: 2,510 (NA) Native and seedling ....: 3,520 (NA) : New Mexico ..............: 91,100 97,000 Improved ...............: 91,100 97,000 : Oklahoma ................: 9,000 23,000 Improved ...............: 2,970 4,600 Native and seedling ....: 6,030 18,400 : Texas ...................: 33,600 47,000 Improved ...............: 28,800 37,600 Native and seedling ....: 4,800 9,400 : United States ...........: 242,930 281,000 Improved ...............: 228,470 253,200 Native and seedling ....: 14,460 27,800 --------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,548 2,721 1,982 2,214 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 89,129 89,942 81,740 81,815 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,113 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,839 52,773 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 16,608 16,828 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 36,231 35,945 Oats ...................................: 2,746 2,810 865 842 Proso millet ...........................: 443 433 403 Rice ...................................: 2,946 2,540 2,915 2,477 Rye ....................................: 2,011 1,865 273 310 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 5,690 5,260 5,061 4,715 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 264 Wheat, all .............................: 47,815 45,158 39,612 38,052 Winter ...............................: 32,542 31,159 24,742 24,327 Durum ................................: 2,073 1,339 1,974 1,290 Other spring .........................: 13,200 12,660 12,896 12,435 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,990.7 2,040.0 1,942.5 1,994.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 208 355 198 340 Mustard seed ...........................: 102.5 110.0 97.5 104.5 Peanuts ................................: 1,425.5 1,425.0 1,373.5 1,383.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 5.7 14.8 5.4 14.0 Safflower ..............................: 167.5 153.0 156.4 145.5 Soybeans for beans .....................: 89,167 76,457 87,594 75,626 Sunflower ..............................: 1,301.0 1,358.8 1,217.4 1,306.9 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 14,100.3 13,761.5 10,205.8 12,509.4 Upland ...............................: 13,850.0 13,531.0 9,957.0 12,281.0 American Pima ........................: 250.3 230.5 248.8 228.4 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,113.1 1,134.9 1,095.4 1,116.2 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 899.7 924.3 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 291.4 228.6 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ ................: 16.4 (NA) 10.9 (NA) Chickpeas 3/ ...........................: 859.6 445.2 842.8 437.0 Dry edible beans 3/ ....................: 2,081.0 1,307.5 2,016.0 1,260.5 Dry edible peas 2/ .....................: 856.5 1,097.0 807.9 1,046.0 Lentils ................................: 780.0 481.0 718.0 459.0 Wrinkled seed peas 2/ ..................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 55.0 55.8 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 58.5 Potatoes ...............................: 1,026.5 967.5 1,014.8 959.6 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 20.8 Taro (Hawaii) 4/ .......................: (NA) (NA) 0.3 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 77.5 77.4 153,527 171,343 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 176.4 168.4 14,420,101 13,779,335 Corn for silage ....................tons: 19.9 121,361 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.34 2.48 123,600 130,932 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.17 3.22 52,634 54,219 All other ........................tons: 1.96 2.13 70,966 76,713 Oats ............................bushels: 64.9 64.4 56,130 54,194 Proso millet ....................bushels: 29.8 11,991 Rice 5/ .............................cwt: 7,692 7,616 224,211 188,637 Rye .............................bushels: 30.9 34.3 8,432 10,622 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 72.1 73.9 364,986 348,625 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 12.6 3,326 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 47.6 51.6 1,885,156 1,961,734 Winter ........................bushels: 47.9 53.6 1,183,939 1,304,003 Durum .........................bushels: 39.5 44.8 77,985 57,741 Other spring ..................bushels: 48.3 48.3 623,232 599,990 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,861 1,860 3,615,440 3,709,110 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) (X) 5,631.0 6,725.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 22.6 4,466 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 750 73,078 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 4,001 3,964 5,495,935 5,482,100 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,524 8,230 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,511 236,380 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 50.6 46.9 4,428,150 3,550,281 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,731 1,724 2,107,045 2,252,700 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 5/ ....................bales: 864 833 18,367.0 21,705.0 Upland 5/ .......................bales: 847 820 17,566.0 20,981.0 American Pima 5/ ................bales: 1,545 1,522 801.0 724.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 30.3 30.1 33,145 33,606 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 38.4 37.6 34,542 34,775 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 1,830 1,960 533,241 448,062 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ 5/ ..........cwt: 1,138 (NA) 124 (NA) Chickpeas 3/ 5/ .....................cwt: 1,512 1,642 12,742 7,174 Dry edible beans 3/ 5/ ..............cwt: 1,860 1,889 37,494 23,812 Dry edible peas 2/ 5/ ...............cwt: 1,972 2,131 15,929 22,289 Lentils 5/ ..........................cwt: 1,171 1,428 8,408 6,553 Wrinkled seed peas 2/ ...............cwt: (NA) (NA) 389 (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,943 1,906 106,906.7 106,371.0 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,199 4,240 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) (NA) 917,235 846,491 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 92 5,377 Potatoes ............................cwt: 443 450,020 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 124 2,571 Taro (Hawaii) 4/ .................pounds: 9,630 (NA) 2,985 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Beginning in 2019, Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas are included in dry edible peas. 3/ Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans. 4/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. 5/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,031,150 1,101,160 802,100 895,980 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 36,069,620 36,398,630 33,079,360 33,109,710 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,473,870 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,383,410 21,356,710 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 6,721,090 6,810,120 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,662,320 14,546,580 Oats ...........................: 1,111,280 1,137,180 350,060 340,750 Proso millet ...................: 179,280 175,230 163,090 Rice ...........................: 1,192,220 1,027,910 1,179,670 1,002,420 Rye ............................: 813,830 754,750 110,480 125,450 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,302,690 2,128,670 2,048,140 1,908,110 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 106,840 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 19,350,250 18,274,990 16,030,580 15,399,260 Winter .......................: 13,169,420 12,609,740 10,012,840 9,844,890 Durum ........................: 838,920 541,880 798,860 522,050 Other spring .................: 5,341,910 5,123,380 5,218,880 5,032,320 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 805,620 825,570 786,110 806,950 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 84,180 143,660 80,130 137,590 Mustard seed ...................: 41,480 44,520 39,460 42,290 Peanuts ........................: 576,890 576,680 555,840 559,690 Rapeseed .......................: 2,310 5,990 2,190 5,670 Safflower ......................: 67,790 61,920 63,290 58,880 Soybeans for beans .............: 36,084,990 30,941,380 35,448,420 30,605,090 Sunflower ......................: 526,500 549,890 492,670 528,890 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 5,706,250 5,569,140 4,130,190 5,062,430 Upland .......................: 5,604,960 5,475,860 4,029,500 4,970,000 American Pima ................: 101,290 93,280 100,690 92,430 Sugarbeets .....................: 450,460 459,280 443,300 451,710 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 364,100 374,050 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 117,940 92,520 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 3/ ........: 6,640 (NA) 4,410 (NA) Chickpeas 4/ ...................: 347,870 180,170 341,070 176,850 Dry edible beans 4/ ............: 842,160 529,130 815,860 510,110 Dry edible peas 3/ .............: 346,620 443,940 326,950 423,310 Lentils ........................: 315,660 194,660 290,570 185,750 Wrinkled seed peas 3/ ..........: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 22,270 22,580 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 23,670 Potatoes .......................: 415,410 391,540 410,680 388,340 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 8,420 Taro (Hawaii) 5/ ...............: (NA) (NA) 130 (NA) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2018 and 2019 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2019 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.17 4.16 3,342,660 3,730,550 Corn for grain .........................: 11.07 10.57 366,287,440 350,011,230 Corn for silage ........................: 44.50 110,096,850 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.24 5.56 112,128,030 118,779,510 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.10 7.22 47,748,760 49,186,650 All other ............................: 4.39 4.78 64,379,270 69,592,860 Oats ...................................: 2.33 2.31 814,720 786,620 Proso millet ...........................: 1.67 271,950 Rice ...................................: 8.62 8.54 10,170,040 8,556,430 Rye ....................................: 1.94 2.15 214,180 269,810 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.53 4.64 9,271,070 8,855,480 Sorghum for silage .....................: 28.24 3,017,300 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.20 3.47 51,305,540 53,389,650 Winter ...............................: 3.22 3.60 32,221,540 35,489,150 Durum ................................: 2.66 3.01 2,122,400 1,571,450 Other spring .........................: 3.25 3.24 16,961,600 16,329,050 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.09 2.08 1,639,940 1,682,420 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) 5,108,360 6,100,820 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.42 113,440 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.84 33,150 Peanuts ................................: 4.48 4.44 2,492,910 2,486,640 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.71 3,730 Safflower ..............................: 1.69 107,220 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.40 3.16 120,514,490 96,622,810 Sunflower ..............................: 1.94 1.93 955,740 1,021,810 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.97 0.93 3,998,940 4,725,710 Upland ...............................: 0.95 0.92 3,824,550 4,568,070 American Pima ........................: 1.73 1.71 174,400 157,630 Sugarbeets .............................: 67.83 67.49 30,068,640 30,486,850 Sugarcane ..............................: 86.06 84.34 31,335,980 31,547,350 Tobacco ................................: 2.05 2.20 241,870 203,240 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 3/ ................: 1.28 (NA) 5,620 (NA) Chickpeas 4/ ...........................: 1.69 1.84 577,970 325,410 Dry edible beans 4/ ....................: 2.08 2.12 1,700,700 1,080,090 Dry edible peas 3/ .....................: 2.21 2.39 722,530 1,011,010 Lentils ................................: 1.31 1.60 381,380 297,240 Wrinkled seed peas 3/ ..................: (NA) (NA) 17,640 (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.18 2.14 48,490 48,250 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 21,000 21,200 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) 416,050 383,960 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 2,440 Potatoes ...............................: 49.70 20,412,570 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.14 1,170 Taro (Hawaii) 5/ .......................: 10.80 (NA) 1,350 (NA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. 3/ Beginning in 2019, Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas are included in dry edible peas. 4/ Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans. 5/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2019-2020 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 564 592 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 966 856 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 5,327 5,325 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 1,087 970 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 10,630.0 Apricots ..............................tons: 64,500 Avocados ..............................tons: Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 362,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 290.2 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: Cranberries .........................barrel: 9,040,000 : Dates .................................tons: Grapes ................................tons: 7,500,000 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: Nectarines (California) ...............tons: Olives (California) ...................tons: Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: Peaches ...............................tons: 733,500 Pears .................................tons: 805,000 Plums (California) ....................tons: Prunes (California) ...................tons: 110,000 Raspberries, all .............1,000 pounds: Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,200,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 49,000 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 281,000 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 630,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2019-2020 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 511,650 537,050 Lemons ....................................: 876,340 776,550 Oranges ...................................: 4,832,570 4,830,760 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 986,110 879,970 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 4,821,690 Apricots ..................................: 58,510 Avocados ..................................: Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 328,400 Cherries, Tart ............................: 131,630 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: Cranberries ...............................: 410,050 : Dates .....................................: Grapes ....................................: 6,803,890 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: Nectarines (California) ...................: Olives (California) .......................: Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: Peaches ...................................: 665,420 Pears .....................................: 730,280 Plums (California) ........................: Prunes (California) .......................: 99,790 Raspberries, all ..........................: Strawberries ..............................: : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 997,900 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 44,450 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 127,460 Pistachios (California) ...................: Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 571,530 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during 2019. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey. Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre - Selected States: 2015-2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 :: and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 31,800 31,100 30,800 32,000 31,100 :: All corn : October .......: 31,750 31,100 30,900 32,000 30,950 :: September ....: 26,650 25,900 25,950 27,100 25,850 November ......: 31,750 31,100 30,950 32,000 :: October ......: 26,750 25,950 25,800 26,750 25,850 Final .........: 31,750 31,100 30,950 32,000 :: November .....: 26,700 26,000 25,700 26,750 : :: Final ........: 26,700 26,000 25,700 26,750 Indiana : :: : September .....: 30,400 30,200 29,550 30,450 29,300 :: Irrigated : October .......: 30,100 29,950 29,350 30,400 29,050 :: September ....: 29,100 28,200 29,050 30,300 28,300 November ......: 30,000 29,800 29,200 30,400 :: October ......: 29,300 28,200 29,000 29,900 28,350 Final .........: 29,950 29,800 29,200 30,400 :: November .....: 29,250 28,300 28,750 29,900 : :: Final ........: 29,250 28,300 28,750 29,900 Iowa : :: : September .....: 31,500 31,250 31,300 31,350 30,850 :: Non-irrigated : October .......: 31,450 31,050 31,150 31,150 30,800 :: September ....: 23,500 22,900 22,500 23,350 23,300 November ......: 31,450 31,050 31,150 31,100 :: October ......: 23,550 23,000 22,200 23,100 23,250 Final .........: 31,450 31,050 31,150 31,100 :: November .....: 23,550 23,000 22,250 23,150 : :: Final ........: 23,550 23,000 22,250 23,150 Kansas : :: : September .....: 23,400 22,550 22,050 22,600 21,350 :: Ohio : October .......: 23,750 22,550 22,100 22,450 21,200 :: September .....: 30,000 30,250 29,250 30,550 30,050 November ......: 23,800 22,550 22,300 22,450 :: October .......: 30,000 30,100 29,150 30,400 30,100 Final .........: 23,800 22,550 22,300 22,450 :: November ......: 29,950 30,250 29,100 30,400 : :: Final .........: 29,950 30,250 29,100 30,400 Minnesota : :: : September .....: 30,650 30,800 30,750 30,950 30,700 :: South Dakota : October .......: 30,750 30,700 30,550 30,900 30,650 :: September .....: 26,350 26,200 26,250 27,000 26,400 November ......: 30,750 30,550 30,600 30,900 :: October .......: 26,250 26,100 26,200 26,750 26,100 Final .........: 30,750 30,550 30,600 30,900 :: November ......: 26,200 26,000 26,200 27,000 : :: Final .........: 26,200 26,000 26,200 27,000 Missouri : :: : September .....: 27,900 27,300 27,850 28,500 28,200 :: Wisconsin : October .......: 27,600 27,750 27,850 28,400 27,500 :: September .....: 29,900 30,100 29,450 31,000 30,250 November ......: 27,600 27,800 27,950 28,400 :: October .......: 29,700 29,900 29,100 30,600 30,150 Final .........: 27,600 27,800 27,950 28,400 :: November ......: 29,450 29,800 29,150 30,650 : :: Final .........: 29,450 29,800 29,100 30,650 : :: : : :: 10 State : : :: September .....: 29,550 29,050 28,800 29,500 28,650 : :: October .......: 29,500 28,950 28,700 29,350 28,500 : :: November ......: 29,450 28,950 28,700 29,400 : :: Final .........: 29,450 28,950 28,700 29,350 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre - Selected States: 2015-2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 :: and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 30,800 30,350 30,200 31,550 30,300 :: All corn : October .......: 30,750 30,450 30,300 31,500 30,300 :: September ....: 26,650 25,700 25,800 27,100 25,850 November ......: 30,800 30,450 30,250 31,500 :: October ......: 26,700 25,350 26,050 26,750 25,950 Final .........: 30,800 30,450 30,250 31,500 :: November .....: 26,700 25,400 25,950 26,800 : :: Final ........: 26,700 25,400 25,950 26,800 Indiana : :: : September .....: 29,550 29,600 28,900 30,000 28,900 :: Irrigated : October .......: 29,300 29,400 29,100 29,800 28,700 :: September ....: 29,000 27,850 28,650 29,950 28,200 November ......: 29,250 29,250 28,850 29,750 :: October ......: 29,250 27,500 28,950 29,350 28,150 Final .........: 29,150 29,250 28,850 29,750 :: November .....: 29,200 27,550 28,750 29,300 : :: Final ........: 29,200 27,550 28,750 29,300 Iowa : :: : September .....: 30,950 30,550 30,600 31,150 30,250 :: Non-irrigated : October .......: 30,800 30,400 30,600 30,900 30,200 :: September ....: 23,650 22,850 22,600 23,850 23,500 November ......: 30,850 30,500 30,600 30,800 :: October ......: 23,550 22,550 22,800 23,650 23,700 Final .........: 30,850 30,500 30,600 30,800 :: November .....: 23,550 22,550 22,900 23,850 : :: Final ........: 23,550 22,550 22,900 23,850 Kansas : :: : September .....: 23,300 22,650 22,800 22,350 21,550 :: Ohio : October .......: 23,700 22,450 22,600 21,650 22,250 :: September .....: 29,650 29,750 29,500 30,750 29,850 November ......: 23,650 22,450 22,650 21,700 :: October .......: 29,650 29,200 29,250 30,300 29,750 Final .........: 23,650 22,450 22,650 21,700 :: November ......: 29,600 29,600 29,150 30,300 : :: Final .........: 29,600 29,600 29,150 30,300 Minnesota : :: : September .....: 30,500 30,550 30,750 30,850 30,050 :: South Dakota : October .......: 30,400 30,350 30,850 30,850 29,800 :: September .....: 26,200 25,650 26,250 28,100 26,450 November ......: 30,450 30,250 30,850 30,800 :: October .......: 25,900 25,350 26,150 27,750 25,300 Final .........: 30,450 30,250 30,600 30,800 :: November ......: 25,750 25,450 26,200 27,950 : :: Final .........: 25,750 25,450 25,850 28,050 Missouri : :: : September .....: 27,350 26,900 27,750 27,400 26,950 :: Wisconsin : October .......: 26,900 27,150 27,800 27,300 26,950 :: September .....: 29,500 29,300 28,950 30,700 29,850 November ......: 26,850 27,150 27,850 27,300 :: October .......: 28,950 28,900 28,800 30,450 30,250 Final .........: 26,850 27,150 27,850 27,300 :: November ......: 28,600 28,750 28,600 30,450 : :: Final .........: 28,600 28,750 28,550 30,450 : :: : : :: 10-State : : :: September .....: 29,050 28,550 28,550 29,350 28,200 : :: October .......: 28,950 28,350 28,550 29,100 28,200 : :: November ......: 28,900 28,400 28,500 29,100 : :: Final .........: 28,900 28,400 28,450 29,100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : October : November Year :----------------------------------------------------------- :Dent stage 1/ : Mature 2/ :Dent stage 1/ : Mature 2/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2015 ..........: 16 70 (Z) 96 2016 ..........: 17 73 (Z) 96 2017 ..........: 41 51 (Z) 96 2018 ..........: 13 80 (Z) 96 2019 ..........: 49 29 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Z) Less than half of the unit shown. 1/ Includes corn in the dent stage of development. Ears are firm and solid. Kernels fully dented with no milk present in most kernels. 2/ Includes that portion of the crop that is mature and ready for harvest. No green foliage is present. Soybean Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during 2019. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey. Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet - Selected States: 2015-2019 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 :: and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Arkansas : :: Missouri : September .....: 1,729 1,884 1,992 1,841 1,759 :: September .....: 1,612 1,881 2,041 1,777 1,719 October .......: 1,737 1,805 1,898 1,795 1,731 :: October .......: 1,755 2,006 2,172 1,899 1,754 November ......: 1,813 1,820 2,039 1,943 :: November ......: 1,869 2,123 2,253 1,948 Final .........: 1,818 1,826 2,075 1,973 :: Final .........: 1,899 2,164 2,239 1,961 : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 1,980 1,969 1,917 2,132 1,696 :: September .....: 1,816 1,947 1,653 1,736 1,669 October .......: 2,052 2,109 1,886 2,225 1,683 :: October .......: 1,863 2,036 1,795 2,071 1,777 November ......: 2,086 2,193 1,947 2,249 :: November ......: 1,884 2,074 1,853 2,174 Final .........: 2,079 2,197 1,947 2,264 :: Final .........: 1,884 2,074 1,853 2,174 : :: : Indiana : :: North Dakota : September .....: 1,641 1,683 1,795 1,880 1,496 :: September .....: 1,321 1,395 1,406 1,418 1,147 October .......: 1,703 1,775 1,772 2,001 1,501 :: October .......: 1,330 1,444 1,430 1,485 1,246 November ......: 1,691 1,873 1,774 2,054 :: November ......: 1,337 1,442 1,465 1,515 Final .........: 1,691 1,873 1,774 2,052 :: Final .........: 1,337 1,470 1,451 1,514 : :: : Iowa : :: Ohio : September .....: 1,779 1,808 1,644 1,823 1,601 :: September .....: 1,621 1,773 1,765 2,019 1,563 October .......: 1,805 1,801 1,670 1,984 1,642 :: October .......: 1,691 1,715 1,714 2,180 1,760 November ......: 1,834 1,861 1,717 2,082 :: November ......: 1,776 1,782 1,828 2,210 Final .........: 1,834 1,890 1,735 2,097 :: Final .........: 1,776 1,782 1,823 2,210 : :: : Kansas : :: South Dakota : September .....: 1,285 1,467 1,487 1,552 1,561 :: September .....: 1,541 1,561 1,511 1,649 1,504 October .......: 1,602 1,643 1,472 1,456 1,604 :: October .......: 1,557 1,639 1,472 1,867 1,316 November ......: 1,715 1,720 1,561 1,548 :: November ......: 1,563 1,709 1,457 1,822 Final .........: 1,715 1,737 1,561 1,558 :: Final .........: 1,563 1,665 1,457 1,724 : :: : Minnesota : :: 11-State : September .....: 1,637 1,614 1,359 1,605 1,465 :: September .....: 1,672 1,741 1,678 1,786 1,561 October .......: 1,644 1,625 1,407 1,616 1,474 :: October .......: 1,731 1,800 1,692 1,895 1,593 November ......: 1,612 1,658 1,480 1,569 :: November ......: 1,763 1,862 1,751 1,938 Final .........: 1,612 1,658 1,480 1,569 :: Final .........: 1,764 1,870 1,752 1,938 : :: : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2015-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : October : November Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2015 ..........: 54 95 2016 ..........: 53 93 2017 ..........: 49 93 2018 ..........: 57 93 2019 ..........: 25 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes soybeans with brown pods and are considered mature or almost mature. Cotton Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in four cotton-producing States during 2019. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts - Selected States: 2015-2019 [Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : State and month : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Arkansas : September ..........: 763 800 911 891 900 October ............: 769 769 839 910 896 November ...........: 856 779 825 892 December ...........: 856 779 825 892 Final ..............: 856 779 825 892 : Georgia : September ..........: 645 562 593 605 598 October ............: 630 668 608 737 783 November ...........: 748 719 680 712 December ...........: 759 725 684 719 Final ..............: 759 725 684 713 : Louisiana 1/ : September ..........: 676 654 648 759 (NA) October ............: 776 760 667 734 (NA) November ...........: 794 784 665 739 December ...........: 793 784 665 739 Final ..............: 793 784 665 739 : Mississippi : September ..........: 887 953 904 871 944 October ............: 839 942 810 895 895 November ...........: 898 974 804 846 December ...........: 898 974 797 846 Final ..............: 898 974 797 846 : North Carolina 1/ : September ..........: 551 558 637 601 (NA) October ............: 620 599 705 641 (NA) November ...........: 624 660 769 714 December ...........: 632 660 769 719 Final ..............: 632 660 769 719 : Texas : September ..........: 566 467 592 570 458 October ............: 442 474 602 576 438 November ...........: 481 528 603 553 December ...........: 492 547 615 583 Final ..............: 495 546 614 582 : 4-State 2/ : September ..........: 601 532 633 627 551 October ............: 518 554 635 661 562 November ...........: 571 604 649 640 December ...........: 581 618 656 659 Final ..............: 583 618 656 657 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Objective yield survey discontinued in 2019. 2/ 6-State total prior to 2019. September Weather Summary Summer-like heat (monthly temperatures 5 to 10°F above normal) baked the Southeast, favoring summer crop maturation and harvesting. However, the hot weather-accompanied by little or no rainfall in most areas-stressed pastures and depleted topsoil moisture. The hot, dry weather extended as far north as the Ohio Valley and Mid-Atlantic States. By September 29, pastures were rated more than 40 percent very poor to poor in Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and the Carolinas. In addition, topsoil moisture was at least 90 percent very short to short on that date in in Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, and Maryland. In stark contrast, excessively wet conditions across the northern Plains hampered late-season small grain harvest efforts and threatened the quality of crops remaining in the field. In late September, a particularly strong storm delivered heavy precipitation, including wind-driven snow, in northern sections of the Rockies and High Plains. Heavy precipitation also extended into the Northwest, providing drought relief, and across the northern and western Corn Belt. The upper Midwestern wetness was detrimental to crops, maintaining a slow pace of development for late-planted corn and soybeans. Although warm, dry weather benefited crops in the southeastern Corn Belt, overall development remained significantly behind the normal pace. By September 29, just 43 percent of the Nation's corn crop was fully mature-the slowest crop development pace since 2009. Only 55 percent of the soybeans were dropping leaves on that date, comparable to the slowest development pace in the last one-quarter century-56 percent in 1996. Farther south, shower activity increased during September across portions of the southern Plains, improving prospects for newly planted winter wheat and benefiting rangeland and pastures. In Texas, topsoil moisture rated very short to short improved from 84 to 64 percent between September 1 and 29. Showers also provided some limited drought relief in the Southwest, particularly across southern Arizona. Elsewhere, two named tropical systems affected the mainland United States during September. Hurricane Dorian grazed the southern Atlantic Coast early in the month, officially making landfall on Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, on September 6, with maximum sustained winds near 90 mph. Although heavy rain and high winds affected some coastal locations, Dorian's inland agricultural impacts were relatively minor. Less than 2 weeks later, on September 17, Tropical Storm Imelda suddenly developed and moved inland near Freeport, Texas. Imelda delivered inundating rainfall (1 to 3 feet or more) across a relatively small geographic area, mainly in southeastern Texas, but caused only localized agricultural losses. September Agricultural Summary September was warmer than average for parts of Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, the Mississippi Valley, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, the southern Plains, Virginia, and West Virginia with temperatures averaging 6°F or more above normal. However, temperatures were cooler in parts of Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New England, and the Pacific Northwest. During the month of September the United States remained extremely dry except along the Carolina coastline, northern Illinois, western North Dakota, southeast Texas, and southern Wisconsin. By September 1, eighty-one percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 14 percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-one percent of the acreage was denting by September 1, thirty-two percentage points behind the previous year and 22 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Six percent of the 2019 corn acreage had reached maturity as of September 1, fourteen percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, ninety-three percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-eight percent of the acreage was dented by September 15, twenty-four percentage points behind last year and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighteen percent of the 2019 corn acreage had reached maturity as of September 15, thirty-three percentage points behind the previous year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, four percent of the 2019 acreage was harvested, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. Eighty-eight percent of the acreage was dented by September 29, twelve percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 29, forty-three percent of the 2019 corn acreage had reached maturity, forty-one percentage points behind the previous year and 30 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eleven percent of the 2019 acreage was harvested by September 29, fourteen percentage points behind the previous year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. Overall, 57 percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, twelve percentage points below the same time last year. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had reached the blooming stage by September 1, four percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. By September 1, eighty-six percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was setting pods, 12 percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, ninety-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was setting pods, 5 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Fifteen percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was at or beyond the leaf dropping stage by September 15, thirty-five percentage points behind the previous year and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was at or beyond the leaf dropping stage by September 29, twenty-six percentage points behind the previous year and 21 percentage points behind 5-year average. By September 29, soybean harvest was 7 percent complete across the Nation, 15 percentage points behind the previous year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 55 percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, thirteen percentage points below the same time last year. Eight percent of the Nations intended 2020 winter wheat acreage was sown by September 15, four percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. By September 29, producers had sown 39 percent of the intended 2020 winter wheat acreage, two percentage points behind the previous year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 11 percent of the winter wheat acreage had emerged by September 29, one percentage point behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 1, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had set bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-six percent of the Nation's cotton had open bolls by September 1, eight percentage points ahead of the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By September 15, fifty-four percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had open bolls, 6 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nine percent of the Nation's cotton acreage was harvested by September 15, four percentage points behind last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By September 29, seventy-seven percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had open bolls, 11 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixteen percent of the Nation's cotton acreage was harvested by September 29, three percentage points behind the previous year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 40 percent of the 2019 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, two percentage points below the same time last year. By September 1, ninety-two percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the heading stage, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-two percent of Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by September 1, fifteen percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 1, twenty-four percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was considered mature, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-six percent of Texas' sorghum acreage had reached the mature stage by September 1, two percentage points ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year average. Twenty-one percent of the 2019 sorghum acreage was harvested by September 1, one percentage point behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. By September 15, seventy-nine percent of Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage, eight percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-four percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was considered mature by September 15, six percentage points behind the previous year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-seven percent of Texas' sorghum acreage had reached maturity by September 15, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By September 15, twenty-four percent of the 2019 sorghum acreage was harvested, two percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by September 29, two percentage points behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. By September 29, fifty-four percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was considered mature, 6 percentage points behind the previous year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-one percent of Texas' sorghum acreage had reached maturity by September 29, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty percent of the 2019 sorghum acreage was harvested by September 29, three percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 65 percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, eleven percentage points above the same time last year. Nationally, 21 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by September 1, eight percentage points behind the previous year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 46 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by September 15, two percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Overall, 69 percent of the Nation's rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 15, five percentage points below the same time last year. Nationally, 68 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by September 29, one percentage point behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested by September 1, nine percentage points behind the previous year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, ninety-two percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested by September 22, four percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 1, seventy-two percent of the Nation's barley acreage was harvested, 11 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Eighty-seven percent of the Nation's barley acreage was harvested by September 15, eight percentage points behind the previous year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 29, ninety-six percent of the Nation's barley acreage was harvested, 4 percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. Fifty-five percent of the spring wheat acreage was harvested by September 1, thirty-one percentage points behind last year and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 67 percent of the Nation's spring wheat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 1, seven percentage points below the same time last year. By September 15, seventy-six percent of the spring wheat acreage was harvested, 20 percentage points behind the previous year and 17 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety percent of the spring wheat acreage was harvested by September 29, ten percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, five percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Twenty-six percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was harvested as of September 29, seven percentage points ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year average. Overall, 55 percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, sixteen percentage points below the same time last year. Sugarbeet producers harvested 8 percent of the Nation's acreage by September 15, three percentage points behind the previous year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By September 29, sugarbeet producers had harvested 16 percent of the Nation's acreage, 5 percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Crop Comments Corn: Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Total planted area, at 89.9 million acres, is down slightly from the previous estimate. Acreage harvested for grain is forecast at 81.8 million acres, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but up slightly from 2018. The October 1 corn objective yield data indicate the lowest number of ears since 2012 for the combined 10 objective yield States, (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin). At 13.8 billion bushels, 2019 corn production for grain is forecast to be the 6th highest production on record for the United States. The forecasted yield, at 168.4 bushels per acre, is up 0.2 bushel from the previous forecast of 168.2 bushels per acre. Record high yields are forecast for Kentucky and Tennessee. By September 1, eighty-one percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 14 percentage points behind last year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 1, forty-one percent of the corn acreage was denting, 32 percentage points behind last year and 22 percentage points behind the 5-year average. All of the estimating States, except Texas, were behind their respective 5-year average for denting progress on September 1. Six percent of the 2019 corn acreage had matured by September 1, fourteen percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, ninety-three percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 6 percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By September 15, sixty-eight percent of the corn acreage was dented, 24 percentage points behind last year and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighteen percent of the 2019 corn acreage had reached maturity as of September 15, thirty-three percentage points behind last year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Four percent of the 2019 acreage was harvested by September 15, four percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. By September 29, eighty-eight percent of the corn acreage was dented, 12 percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-three percent of the 2019 corn acreage had reached maturity by September 29, forty-one percentage points behind last year and 30 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eleven percent of the corn acreage was harvested by September 29, fourteen percentage points behind last year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 57 percent of the Nation's corn was rated in good to excellent condition as of September 29, twelve percentage points below the same time last year. Sorghum: Production is forecast at 349 million bushels, down 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 4 percent from last year. Acreage updates were made in several States following a thorough review of all available data. Planted area, at 5.26 million acres, is down 1 percent from the previous estimate and down 8 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 4.72 million acres, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 7 percent from 2018. Based on October 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 73.9 bushels per acre, 0.4 bushel lower than the previous forecast but 1.8 bushels per acre above the 2018 yield of 72.1 bushels per acre. Growers are expecting a record high yield in South Dakota. As of September 29, ninety-five percent of the acreage was at the coloring stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Fifty-four percent of the acreage was considered mature, 6 percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty percent of the acreage was harvested, 3 percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-five percent of the acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, eleven percentage points above the same time last year. Rice: Production is forecast at 189 million cwt, up 1 percent from the previous forecast, but down 16 percent from last year. Area for harvest is expected to total 2.48 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 15 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of October 1, the average United States yield is forecast at 7,616 pounds per acre, up 53 pounds from the previous forecast, but 76 pounds lower than the 2018 average yield of 7,692 pounds per acre. As of September 29, sixty-eight percent of the rice acreage was harvested, 1 percentage point behind the same time last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. As of September 29, harvest was virtually complete in Louisiana and Texas. Soybeans: Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Planted area, at 76.5 million acres, is down less than 1 percent from the previous estimate. Harvested area is forecast at 75.6 million acres, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 14 percent from 2018. The October objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a lower pod count compared to the previous year. Compared with final counts for 2018, pod counts are down in 10 of the 11 published States. A decrease of more than 400 pods per 18 square feet from 2018's final pod count is expected in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, and South Dakota. As of September 29, fifty-five percent of the United States soybean acreage was at or beyond the leaf dropping stage, 26 percentage points behind last year and 21 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Soybean harvest was 7 percent complete as of September 29, fifteen percentage points behind last year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. At that time, harvest progress was at or behind the respective State 5-year average pace in 15 of the 18 estimating States. As of September 29, fifty-four percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 14 percentage points below the same time last year. If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Pennsylvania. Sunflower: The first production forecast for 2019 is 2.25 billion pounds, up 7 percent from the revised 2018 production of 2.11 billion pounds. Area planted, at 1.36 million acres, is down 2 percent from the June estimate but up 4 percent from last year. Sunflower growers expect to harvest 1.31 million acres, down 1 percent from the June forecast but up 7 percent from the 2018 acreage. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Both planted area and the harvested area forecast for the Nation will be the second lowest since 1976. The October yield forecast, at 1,724 pounds per acre, is 7 pounds lower than last year's yield but will be the third highest on record, if realized. As of October 1, lower yields are expected in 5 of the 8 published States compared with last year, with increases only expected in Kansas, Nebraska, and North Dakota. Compared with last year, the average yield forecast in South Dakota is down 67 pounds per acre from 2018, but will represent the fifth highest yield on record, if realized. In contrast, the average yield forecast in North Dakota is up 72 pounds per acre to a record high 1,832 pounds per acre, if realized. The forecasted production in North Dakota, the leading sunflower-producing State this year, is 956 million pounds, an increase of 29 percent from 2018. By the beginning of October, harvest was underway in Colorado and Kansas but had not yet begun in the Dakotas. As of October 6, harvest was one percent complete, 4 percentage points behind both last year's pace and the 5-year average. Peanuts: Production is forecast at 5.48 billion pounds, down 3 percent from the previous forecast and down less than 1 percent from the revised 2018 total of 5.50 billion pounds. Harvested area is expected to total 1.38 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 1 percent from 2018. Based on conditions as of October 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 3,964 pounds per acre, down 122 pounds from the previous forecast and down 37 pounds from the 2018 average yield of 4,001 pounds per acre. Record high production is forecast in Arkansas. As of September 29, twenty-six percent of the 2019 peanut acreage had been harvested, 7 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Fifty-five percent of the acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 29, compared with 71 percent at the same time last year. Canola: The first production forecast for 2019 is 3.71 billion pounds, up 3 percent from the 2018 revised production of 3.62 billion pounds. If realized, this will be the largest production on record for the United States. Area planted, at 2.04 million acres, is up 1 percent from the June estimate and up 2 percent from last year's area. Canola farmers expect to harvest 1.99 million acres, up less than 1 percent from June and up 3 percent from 2018. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Both planted and the harvested area forecast for the Nation will be the second largest on record. The October yield forecast, at 1,860 pounds per acre, is 1 pound below last year's record high yield. If realized, the yield forecast in Minnesota will be the highest on record since the published data series began in that State. The yield in North Dakota, the largest canola-producing State, is forecast at 1,900 pounds per acre, down 60 pounds from last year's yield. Planted area in North Dakota is estimated at a record high 1.70 million acres, up 7 percent from last year. Planting of the this year's canola crop in North Dakota was generally similar to last year's pace, but did not catch up to the 5-year average until the end of May. Blooming of the canola crop began in late June, behind both last year's pace and the 5-year average pace. As of June 30, only 15 percent of the canola acreage was blooming, 52 percentage points behind last year's pace and 44 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. Maturation of the crop remained behind both last year's pace and the 5-year average pace through July and into August. Harvest began in mid-August and progressed to 67 percent complete by September 29, twenty-seven percentage points behind last year and 28 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-nine percent of the crop was harvested by October 6. Cotton: Upland harvested area for the Nation is expected to total 12.3 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 23 percent from last year. Expected Pima harvested area, at 228,400 acres, is unchanged from the previous forecast but down 8 percent from last year. As of September 29, forty percent of the cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 42 percent at the same time last year. As of September 29, seventy-seven percent of the cotton acreage had open bolls, 11 percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixteen percent of the cotton acreage had been harvested by September 29, three percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. If realized, the forecasted yield for Upland cotton in Florida and Tennessee will be a record high. Ginnings totaled 1,282,950 running bales prior to October 1, compared with 1,287,350 running bales ginned prior to the same date last year. Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures: Production of alfalfa and alfalfa mixture dry hay for 2019 is forecast at 54.2 million tons, down 2 percent from the previous forecast but up 3 percent from 2018. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 3.22 tons per acre, down 0.07 ton from the previous forecast but up 0.05 ton from last year. Harvested area is forecast at 16.8 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but up 1 percent from 2018. Record high yields are expected in Nevada and New Mexico. Other hay: Production of other hay is forecast at 76.7 million tons, up 1 percent from the previous forecast and up 8 percent from 2018. Based on October 1 conditions, the United States yield is expected to average 2.13 tons per acre, up 0.02 ton from the previous forecast and up 0.17 ton from last year. If realized, this would represent a new record high for the United States, surpassing the previous record of 2.09 tons per acre in 2016. Harvested area is forecast at 35.9 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but down 1 percent from 2018. Much of the country has received significant precipitation this year. While moisture has hindered fieldwork at times, it has encouraged forage growth. Favorable conditions in Iowa, Missouri, and Tennessee have producers expecting record high yields in 2019. Dry beans: Production of dry edible beans is forecast at 23.8 million cwt, down 3 percent from the August forecast and down 37 percent from 2018. Area planted is estimated at 1.31 million acres, down 2 percent from the August forecast and down 37 percent from 2018. Area harvested is forecast at 1.26 million acres, down 2 percent from the August forecast and 37 percent below 2018. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. The average United States yield is forecast at 1,889 pounds per acre, a decrease of 30 pounds from the August forecast, but an increase of 29 pounds from last season. Beginning in 2019, estimates no longer include chickpeas. Tobacco: The 2019 United States all tobacco production is forecast at 448 million pounds, down 7 percent from the previous forecast and down 16 percent from 2018. Area harvested, at 228,620 acres, is down 1 percent from the previous month and down 22 percent from last year. If realized, this will be the lowest harvested acreage on record. Yield for the 2019 crop year is forecast at 1,960 pounds per acre, down 130 pounds from last month but 130 pounds above last year. Flue-cured production is expected to total 274 million pounds, down 10 percent from last month and 19 percent from 2018. North Carolina growers reported suffering wind damage from Hurricane Dorian, with reports of bruised leaves, leaning plants, and leaves blown to the ground. Burley production is expected to total 91.8 million pounds, down 4 percent from the last month and 9 percent from last year. Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2019 crop year is forecast at 33.6 million tons, up slightly from last month and up 1 percent from last year. Area planted, at 1.13 million acres, is up slightly from the August forecast and up 2 percent from last year's planted area. Sugarbeet producers expect to harvest 1.12 million acres, down slightly from the previous forecast but up 2 percent from 2018. Acreage updates were made in several States based on a thorough review of all available data. Yield is forecast at 30.1 tons per acre, an increase of 0.1 ton from the previous forecast but a decrease of 0.2 ton from last year. Michigan's early harvest was going well until some rainfall in late September. Montana's harvest was also delayed due to excessive rain. Crop development was behind in Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. Minnesota and North Dakota's sugarbeet growing regions were suffering from either too much rain or not enough. Cercospora Leaf Spot continued to be of concern in both States, but was still under control. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2019 is forecast at 34.8 million tons, up slightly from last month, and one percent above last year. Producers intend to harvest 924,300 acres for sugar and seed during the 2019 crop year, up one percent from last month and up 3 percent from last year. Yields for sugar and seed are expected to average 37.6 tons per acre down 0.2 ton from last month, and down 0.8 ton from 2018. Crop height was below average in Louisiana fields. Favorable weather for the past three weeks allowed growers to complete planting. Harvest in Louisiana is expected to start the first of October, and harvest in Texas should begin mid-October. Grapefruit: The United States 2019-2020 grapefruit crop is forecast at 592,000 tons, up 5 percent from last season's final utilization. In Texas, expected production, at 5.70 million boxes (228,000 tons), is down 7 percent from last year. Lemons: The forecast for the 2019-2020 United States lemon crop is 856,000 tons, down 11 percent from last season's final utilization. The California production forecast, at 20.0 million boxes (800,000 tons), is down 12 percent from the 2018-2019 season. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 970,000 tons, down 11 percent from last season's final utilization. The California forecast, at 23.0 million boxes (920,000 tons), is down 12 percent from the previous year. The Florida tangerine and mandarin forecast is up 6 percent from last year. Pecans: Production is forecast at 281 million pounds (utilized, in-shell basis), up 21 percent for comparable States in 2018. Improved varieties are expected to produce 253 million pounds or 90 percent of the total. The native and seedling varieties are expected to produce 27.8 million pounds, making up the remaining 10 percent of production. Beginning in 2019, pecan estimates were discontinued in Alabama, California, and Louisiana. Statistical Methodology Field crop survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between September 24 and October 4 to gather information on expected yield as of October 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The counts made within each sample plot depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, plant counts are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are visited starting in September and are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. Starting in 2019, NASS eliminated the August objective yield survey for cotton (except Texas), corn, and soybeans. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewers. Approximately 10,900 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: In Florida, during August and September, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Field crop estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published October 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective measurement estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published October 1 forecast. Revision policy: The October 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in the September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains Annual report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. Revisions to planted acres will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency program "sign up" data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in August's Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the October 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the October 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the October 1 corn for grain production forecast is 1.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.7 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.9 percent. Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the October 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the October 1 forecast and the final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 166 million bushels, ranging from 3 million bushels to 374 million bushels. The October 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the October 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------- : :90 percent : Production : Years Crop : Root mean :confidence :---------------------------------------- :square error: interval : : : : Below : Above : : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- percent --- ------ millions ----- number : Corn for grain ........bushels: 1.7 2.9 166 3 374 9 10 Dry edible beans ..........cwt: 3.6 6.2 1 (Z) 3 14 5 Oranges 1/ ...............tons: 8.5 14.7 530 2 1,676 4 15 Oranges 1/ 2/ ..........tons: 6.9 11.9 433 2 1,192 4 12 Rice ......................cwt: 2.0 3.5 3 (Z) 12 10 9 Sorghum for grain .....bushels: 5.2 9.0 15 3 31 10 9 Soybeans for beans ....bushels: 2.7 4.6 65 1 261 12 7 Upland cotton 1/ ........bales: 5.1 8.9 760 76 1,675 9 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Z) Less than half of the unit shown. 1/ Quantity is in thousands of units. 2/ Excluding freeze and hurricane seasons. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................... (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section........................................ (202) 720-2127 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports............................. (202) 720-3338 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.................................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay......................................... (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.................................................. (202) 690-3234 Sammy Neal - Peanuts, Rice..................................................... (202) 720-7688 Jannety Mosley - Crop Weather, Barley.......................................... (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat....................................................... (202) 720-8068 Chris Singh - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................. (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................... (202) 720-7369 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section.................. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates- Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.................................................. (202) 720-4288 Vincent Davis - Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................... (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................ (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons -Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries.................................................. (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons .. (202) 720-3250 Fleming Gibson - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans............................ 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