Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released July 12, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 8 Percent from June Durum Wheat Production Up Less Than 1 Percent from 2015 Other Spring Wheat Production Down 8 Percent from 2015 Orange Production Up 2 Percent from June Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.63 billion bushels, up 8 percent from the June 1 forecast and up 19 percent from 2015. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at a record high 53.9 bushels per acre, up 3.4 bushels from last month and up 11.4 bushels from last year. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 30.2 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but down 6 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter production, at 1.03 billion bushels, is up 10 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 370 million bushels, is up 4 percent from the June forecast. White Winter, at 224 million bushels, is up 4 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 21.2 million bushels are Hard White and 202 million bushels are Soft White. Durum wheat production is forecast at 82.8 million bushels, up less than 1 percent from 2015. The United States yield is forecast at 39.8 bushels per acre, down 3.7 bushels from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 2.08 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but up 10 percent from last year. Other spring wheat production is forecast at 550 million bushels, down 8 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 11.8 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but down 9 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 46.5 bushels per acre, up 0.2 bushel from the 2015 average yield. Of the total production, 511 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 9 percent from last year. The United States all orange forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 5.92 million tons, up 2 percent from the previous forecast but down 7 percent from the 2014-2015 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 81.5 million boxes (3.67 million tons), is up slightly from last month's forecast but down 16 percent from last season's final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 36.1 million boxes (1.63 million tons), unchanged from last month but down 24 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 45.4 million boxes (2.04 million tons), is up slightly from last month but down 8 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 10.5 million boxes (420,000 tons), unchanged from the previous forecast but up 11 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast is 44.0 million boxes (1.76 million tons), up 5 percent from the previous forecast and up 13 percent from last season's final utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 1.70 million boxes (72,000 tons), is up 8 percent from the previous forecast and up 17 percent from last season's final utilization. This report was approved on July 12, 2016. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016...... 4 Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016... 4 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 6 Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................. 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 7 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 8 Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016................................................................................................ 8 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016..... 10 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016....... 12 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016................................. 14 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016................................... 15 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2012-2016............. 16 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2012-2016............................................. 17 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map......................................................................... 18 Departure from Normal Temperature Map....................................................................... 18 June Weather Summary........................................................................................ 19 June Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 19 Crop Comments............................................................................................... 21 Statistical Methodology..................................................................................... 25 Information Contacts........................................................................................ 27 Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- 1,000 acres -- ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : California .......: 10 10 60.0 80.0 600 800 Idaho ............: 15 15 86.0 88.0 1,290 1,320 Illinois .........: 25 25 77.0 73.0 1,925 1,825 Iowa .............: 57 53 73.0 65.0 4,161 3,445 Kansas ...........: 40 30 65.0 61.0 2,600 1,830 Maine ............: 29 24 80.0 65.0 2,320 1,560 Michigan .........: 50 30 67.0 64.0 3,350 1,920 Minnesota ........: 160 95 78.0 69.0 12,480 6,555 Montana ..........: 22 29 53.0 50.0 1,166 1,450 Nebraska .........: 40 40 67.0 65.0 2,680 2,600 : New York .........: 40 70 58.0 59.0 2,320 4,130 North Dakota .....: 140 160 74.0 54.0 10,360 8,640 Ohio .............: 40 55 63.0 65.0 2,520 3,575 Oregon ...........: 11 13 88.0 95.0 968 1,235 Pennsylvania .....: 65 60 55.0 60.0 3,575 3,600 South Dakota .....: 145 155 87.0 91.0 12,615 14,105 Texas ............: 55 55 48.0 43.0 2,640 2,365 Wisconsin ........: 195 130 72.0 66.0 14,040 8,580 : Other States 1/ ..: 137 116 57.8 61.0 7,925 7,074 : United States ....: 1,276 1,165 70.2 65.8 89,535 76,609 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ For 2015, Other States include: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming. For 2016, Other States include: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Washington, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 16 15 120.0 125.0 1,920 1,875 California .....: 25 30 55.0 50.0 1,375 1,500 Colorado .......: 63 57 130.0 135.0 8,190 7,695 Idaho ..........: 550 560 97.0 95.0 53,350 53,200 Minnesota ......: 120 75 77.0 53.0 9,240 3,975 Montana ........: 850 770 52.0 55.0 44,200 42,350 North Dakota ...: 1,050 700 64.0 62.0 67,200 43,400 Virginia .......: 16 18 75.0 64.0 1,200 1,152 Washington .....: 100 110 48.0 66.0 4,800 7,260 Wyoming ........: 86 81 95.0 107.0 8,170 8,667 : Other States 1/ : 233 162 62.9 72.2 14,652 11,697 : United States ..: 3,109 2,578 68.9 70.9 214,297 182,771 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ For 2015, Other States include: Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and Wisconsin. For 2016, Other States include: Delaware, Maryland, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2016 : : : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 :-------------------: 2015 : 2016 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 240 140 56.0 53.0 56.0 13,440 7,840 California .....: 150 175 70.0 73.0 70.0 10,500 12,250 Colorado .......: 2,140 2,120 37.0 42.0 45.0 79,180 95,400 Idaho ..........: 700 720 82.0 84.0 86.0 57,400 61,920 Illinois .......: 520 520 65.0 68.0 75.0 33,800 39,000 Indiana ........: 260 320 68.0 73.0 76.0 17,680 24,320 Kansas .........: 8,700 8,100 37.0 48.0 56.0 321,900 453,600 Kentucky .......: 440 410 73.0 72.0 74.0 32,120 30,340 Maryland .......: 270 260 64.0 69.0 67.0 17,280 17,420 Michigan .......: 475 570 81.0 82.0 81.0 38,475 46,170 : Mississippi ....: 120 70 48.0 58.0 58.0 5,760 4,060 Missouri .......: 610 600 53.0 57.0 69.0 32,330 41,400 Montana ........: 2,220 2,200 41.0 45.0 45.0 91,020 99,000 Nebraska .......: 1,210 1,200 38.0 50.0 50.0 45,980 60,000 North Carolina .: 570 420 53.0 52.0 48.0 30,210 20,160 North Dakota ...: 190 130 44.0 56.0 54.0 8,360 7,020 Ohio ...........: 480 550 67.0 75.0 76.0 32,160 41,800 Oklahoma .......: 3,800 3,300 26.0 35.0 40.0 98,800 132,000 Oregon .........: 735 705 47.0 63.0 61.0 34,545 43,005 South Dakota ...: 970 1,070 44.0 55.0 54.0 42,680 57,780 : Tennessee ......: 395 390 68.0 71.0 71.0 26,860 27,690 Texas ..........: 3,550 2,800 30.0 32.0 34.0 106,500 95,200 Virginia .......: 210 175 66.0 63.0 59.0 13,860 10,325 Washington .....: 1,590 1,670 56.0 65.0 67.0 89,040 111,890 Wisconsin ......: 210 265 74.0 76.0 78.0 15,540 20,670 : Other States 1/ : 1,502 1,296 49.8 53.5 52.0 74,768 67,404 : United States ..: 32,257 30,176 42.5 50.5 53.9 1,370,188 1,627,664 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2016 : : : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 :-------------------: 2015 : 2016 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : -- 1,000 acres -- --------- bushels -------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 140 97 101.0 107.0 107.0 14,140 10,379 California .....: 60 45 103.0 104.0 105.0 6,180 4,725 Montana ........: 605 665 31.0 (NA) 34.0 18,755 22,610 North Dakota ...: 1,075 1,260 39.5 (NA) 35.0 42,463 44,100 : Other States 1/ : 16 15 59.1 (NA) 63.7 946 956 : United States ..: 1,896 2,082 43.5 (NA) 39.8 82,484 82,770 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- --- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Idaho ..........: 425 440 70.0 75.0 29,750 33,000 Minnesota ......: 1,430 1,350 60.0 63.0 85,800 85,050 Montana ........: 2,440 2,240 31.0 34.0 75,640 76,160 North Dakota ...: 6,650 6,200 48.0 45.0 319,200 279,000 Oregon .........: 93 98 50.0 58.0 4,650 5,684 South Dakota ...: 1,260 950 48.0 48.0 60,480 45,600 Washington .....: 625 540 36.0 46.0 22,500 24,840 : Other States 1/ : 18 17 58.9 68.2 1,060 1,160 : United States ..: 12,941 11,835 46.3 46.5 599,080 550,494 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2015 : 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ............: 826,913 1,034,058 Soft red ............: 359,055 370,105 Hard white ..........: 15,914 21,230 Soft white ..........: 168,306 202,271 : Spring : Hard red ............: 564,107 511,460 Hard white ..........: 5,526 6,154 Soft white ..........: 29,447 32,880 Durum ...............: 82,484 82,770 : Total ............ : 2,051,752 2,260,928 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ : Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 : 2014-2015 : 2015-2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 boxes ------- ------- 1,000 tons ------ Oranges : California, all ..............: 48,600 54,500 1,944 2,180 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ....: 39,100 44,000 1,564 1,760 Valencia ....................: 9,500 10,500 380 420 : Florida, all .................: 96,950 81,500 4,363 3,668 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ....: 47,400 36,100 2,133 1,625 Valencia ....................: 49,550 45,400 2,230 2,043 : Texas, all ...................: 1,452 1,695 62 72 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ....: 1,170 1,355 50 58 Valencia ....................: 282 340 12 14 : United States, all ...........: 147,002 137,695 6,369 5,920 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ....: 87,670 81,455 3,747 3,443 Valencia ....................: 59,332 56,240 2,622 2,477 : Grapefruit : California ...................: 4,300 3,900 172 156 Florida, all .................: 12,900 10,850 548 461 Red .........................: 9,650 8,350 410 355 White .......................: 3,250 2,500 138 106 Texas ........................: 4,250 4,830 170 193 : United States ................: 21,450 19,580 890 810 : Tangerines and mandarins : Arizona 3/ 4/ ................: 170 (NA) 7 (NA) California 3/ ................: 18,500 22,000 740 880 Florida ......................: 2,265 1,430 108 68 : United States ................: 20,935 23,430 855 948 : Lemons : Arizona ......................: 2,000 1,550 80 62 California ...................: 20,600 21,800 824 872 : United States ................: 22,600 23,350 904 934 : Tangelos : Florida ......................: 665 390 30 18 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of Temples in Florida. 3/ Includes tangelos and tangors. 4/ Estimates discontinued in 2015-2016. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested :Yield per acre : Production Class and type :--------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- acres ----- --- pounds -- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ....................: 13,500 13,500 2,400 2,300 32,400 31,050 North Carolina .............: 172,000 160,000 2,200 2,300 378,400 368,000 South Carolina .............: 13,000 14,500 2,000 2,500 26,000 36,250 Virginia ...................: 21,500 21,000 2,300 2,400 49,450 50,400 : United States ..............: 220,000 209,000 2,210 2,324 486,250 485,700 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop - States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted July 1, 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production Crop and State :------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Apricots : California ...............: 34,500 55,000 Utah 1/ ..................: 7 (NA) Washington ...............: 7,150 6,400 : United States ............: 41,657 61,400 : : 1,000 pounds : Almonds, shelled basis 2/ : California ...............: 1,900,000 2,050,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 2/ Utilized production. This page intentionally left blank. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3,558 2,967 3,109 2,578 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 87,999 94,148 80,749 86,550 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,221 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 54,437 56,127 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 17,778 18,065 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 36,659 38,062 Oats ...................................: 3,088 3,027 1,276 1,165 Proso millet ...........................: 445 410 418 Rice ...................................: 2,614 3,212 2,575 3,190 Rye ....................................: 1,569 1,760 360 443 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 8,459 7,225 7,851 6,456 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 306 Wheat, all .............................: 54,644 50,816 47,094 44,093 Winter ...............................: 39,461 36,538 32,257 30,176 Durum ................................: 1,936 2,145 1,896 2,082 Other spring .........................: 13,247 12,133 12,941 11,835 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,777.0 1,704.5 1,714.5 1,662.3 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 463 342 456 333 Mustard seed ...........................: 44.0 60.5 40.1 57.3 Peanuts ................................: 1,625.0 1,563.0 1,567.0 1,531.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.2 13.9 1.1 13.2 Safflower ..............................: 168.2 150.0 159.1 144.7 Soybeans for beans .....................: 82,650 83,688 81,814 83,037 Sunflower ..............................: 1,859.1 1,645.4 1,799.4 1,584.9 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 8,580.5 10,023.0 8,074.9 Upland ...............................: 8,422.0 9,824.0 7,920.0 American Pima ........................: 158.5 199.0 154.9 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,159.8 1,165.9 1,145.4 1,148.8 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 887.3 918.2 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 328.7 311.2 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 34.0 34.0 21.0 24.0 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,764.4 1,689.0 1,711.4 1,629.5 Chickpeas, all 3/ ....................: 207.5 281.3 203.1 277.5 Large ...............................: 135.3 190.3 131.2 186.9 Small ...............................: 72.2 91.0 71.9 90.6 Dry edible peas ........................: 1,143.0 1,268.0 1,083.5 1,202.0 Lentils ................................: 493.0 930.0 476.0 888.0 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 43.6 51.1 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 65.2 Potatoes, all ..........................: 1,065.2 1,027.2 1,053.3 1,018.4 Spring ...............................: 70.1 52.0 68.5 50.9 Summer ...............................: 50.5 58.8 47.1 56.4 Fall .................................: 944.6 916.4 937.7 911.1 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 27.2 Sweet potatoes .........................: 156.9 164.4 153.1 161.2 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: (NA) 0.3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production Crop :---------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 ------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 68.9 70.9 214,297 182,771 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 168.4 13,601,198 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.4 126,894 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.47 134,388 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.32 58,974 All other ........................tons: 2.06 75,414 Oats ............................bushels: 70.2 65.8 89,535 76,609 Proso millet ....................bushels: 33.9 14,159 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,470 192,343 Rye .............................bushels: 31.9 11,496 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 76.0 596,751 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 14.6 4,475 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 43.6 51.3 2,051,752 2,260,928 Winter ........................bushels: 42.5 53.9 1,370,188 1,627,664 Durum .........................bushels: 43.5 39.8 82,484 82,770 Other spring ..................bushels: 46.3 46.5 599,080 550,494 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,677 2,875,010 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 4,043.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 22.1 10,095 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 671 26,927 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,963 6,210,590 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,382 1,520 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,347 214,251 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 48.0 3,929,160 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,625 2,923,730 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 766 12,888.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 755 12,455.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,342 433.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 30.9 35,359 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 36.4 32,275 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,178 715,946 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ .............cwt: 1,238 260 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,760 30,121 Chickpeas, all 2/ 3/ ..............cwt: 1,242 2,523 Large 2/ .........................cwt: 1,231 1,615 Small 2/ .........................cwt: 1,263 908 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,687 18,283 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,108 5,276 Wrinkled seed peas ..................cwt: (NA) 384 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,807 78,846.0 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 3,434 4,207 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 952,619 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 90 5,882 Potatoes, all .......................cwt: 418 440,498 Spring ............................cwt: 296 328 20,251 16,677 Summer ............................cwt: 334 15,734 Fall ..............................cwt: 431 404,513 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 113 3,070 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 203 31,016 Taro (Hawaii) ....................pounds: 10,300 3,502 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,439,890 1,200,720 1,258,180 1,043,290 Corn for grain 1/ ..............:35,612,320 38,100,750 32,678,310 35,025,920 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,517,580 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 22,030,110 22,714,040 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 7,194,580 7,310,720 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,835,530 15,403,310 Oats ...........................: 1,249,680 1,225,000 516,380 471,460 Proso millet ...................: 180,090 165,920 169,160 Rice ...........................: 1,057,860 1,299,860 1,042,080 1,290,960 Rye ............................: 634,960 712,250 145,690 179,280 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 3,423,270 2,923,890 3,177,220 2,612,680 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 123,840 Wheat, all 2/ ..................:22,113,880 20,564,730 19,058,470 17,844,000 Winter .......................:15,969,470 14,786,560 13,054,090 12,211,930 Durum ........................: 783,480 868,060 767,290 842,560 Other spring .................: 5,360,930 4,910,100 5,237,090 4,789,510 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 719,130 689,790 693,840 672,720 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 187,370 138,400 184,540 134,760 Mustard seed ...................: 17,810 24,480 16,230 23,190 Peanuts ........................: 657,620 632,530 634,150 619,580 Rapeseed .......................: 490 5,630 450 5,340 Safflower ......................: 68,070 60,700 64,390 58,560 Soybeans for beans .............:33,447,630 33,867,700 33,109,310 33,604,240 Sunflower ......................: 752,360 665,880 728,200 641,390 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 3,472,440 4,056,210 3,267,830 Upland .......................: 3,408,300 3,975,670 3,205,140 American Pima ................: 64,140 80,530 62,690 Sugarbeets .....................: 469,360 471,830 463,530 464,910 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 359,080 371,590 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 133,000 125,920 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 13,760 13,760 8,500 9,710 Dry edible beans ...............: 714,040 683,520 692,590 659,440 Chickpeas 3/ .................: 83,970 113,840 82,190 112,300 Large .......................: 54,750 77,010 53,100 75,640 Small .......................: 29,220 36,830 29,100 36,660 Dry edible peas ................: 462,560 513,150 438,480 486,440 Lentils ........................: 199,510 376,360 192,630 359,360 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 17,660 20,690 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 26,390 Potatoes, all 2/ ...............: 431,080 415,700 426,260 412,140 Spring .......................: 28,370 21,040 27,720 20,600 Summer .......................: 20,440 23,800 19,060 22,820 Fall .........................: 382,270 370,860 379,480 368,710 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 11,010 Sweet potatoes .................: 63,500 66,530 61,960 65,240 Taro (Hawaii) ..................: (NA) 140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3.71 3.81 4,665,770 3,979,370 Corn for grain .........................: 10.57 345,486,340 Corn for silage ........................: 45.73 115,116,300 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.53 121,914,740 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.44 53,500,310 All other ............................: 4.61 68,414,430 Oats ...................................: 2.52 2.36 1,299,600 1,111,980 Proso millet ...........................: 1.90 321,120 Rice ...................................: 8.37 8,724,530 Rye ....................................: 2.00 292,010 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.77 15,158,170 Sorghum for silage .....................: 32.78 4,059,650 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 2.93 3.45 55,839,540 61,532,380 Winter ...............................: 2.86 3.63 37,290,410 44,297,750 Durum ................................: 2.93 2.67 2,244,850 2,252,630 Other spring .........................: 3.11 3.13 16,304,290 14,981,990 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1.88 1,304,080 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 3,667,750 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.39 256,420 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.75 12,210 Peanuts ................................: 4.44 2,817,080 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.55 690 Safflower ..............................: 1.51 97,180 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.23 106,934,210 Sunflower ..............................: 1.82 1,326,180 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.86 2,806,030 Upland ...............................: 0.85 2,711,760 American Pima ........................: 1.50 94,270 Sugarbeets .............................: 69.20 32,077,150 Sugarcane ..............................: 81.54 29,279,390 Tobacco ................................: 2.44 324,750 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 1.39 11,790 Dry edible beans .......................: 1.97 1,366,270 Chickpeas, all 3/ ....................: 1.39 114,440 Large ...............................: 1.38 73,260 Small ...............................: 1.42 41,190 Dry edible peas ........................: 1.89 829,300 Lentils ................................: 1.24 239,320 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) 17,420 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.03 35,760 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 17,170 21,040 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 432,100 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 2,670 Potatoes, all 2/ .......................: 46.87 19,980,650 Spring ...............................: 33.14 36.72 918,570 756,460 Summer ...............................: 37.44 713,680 Fall .................................: 48.35 18,348,400 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.13 1,390 Sweet potatoes .........................: 22.71 1,406,860 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: 11.55 1,590 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. 3/ Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 890 810 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 904 934 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 6,369 5,920 Tangelos (Florida) ..............1,000 tons: 30 18 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 855 948 : Noncitrus : Apples ......................million pounds: 10,003.9 Apricots ..............................tons: 41,657 61,400 Avocados ..............................tons: 224,010 Bananas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 12,040 Blackberries (Oregon) .........1,000 pounds: 51,250 Blueberries : Cultivated ..................1,000 pounds: 560,010 Wild (Maine) ................1,000 pounds: 101,110 Boysenberries (Oregon) ........1,000 pounds: 2,460 : Raspberries, All ..............1,000 pounds: 262,940 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 338,430 318,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 252.5 309.1 Coffee ........................1,000 pounds: 36,570 Cranberries .........................barrel: 8,563,000 Dates (California) ....................tons: 43,600 Figs (California) .....................tons: 30,200 Grapes ................................tons: 7,677,150 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 23,700 Nectarines ............................tons: 167,700 : Olives (California) ...................tons: 179,000 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 27,300 Peaches ...............................tons: 847,210 Pears .................................tons: 820,520 Plums (California) ....................tons: 106,000 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 112,000 45,000 Prunes and Plums ......................tons: 9,680 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 30,867 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 1,900,000 2,050,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 31,000 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 47,000 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 254,290 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 270,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 603,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 807,390 734,820 Lemons ....................................: 820,100 847,310 Oranges ...................................: 5,777,860 5,370,530 Tangelos (Florida) ........................: 27,220 16,330 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 775,640 860,010 : Noncitrus : Apples ....................................: 4,537,690 Apricots ..................................: 37,790 55,700 Avocados ..................................: 203,220 Bananas (Hawaii) ..........................: 5,460 Blackberries (Oregon) .....................: 23,250 Blueberries : Cultivated ..............................: 254,020 Wild (Maine) ............................: 45,860 Boysenberries (Oregon) ....................: 1,120 : Raspberries, All ..........................: 119,270 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 307,020 288,480 Cherries, Tart ............................: 114,530 140,210 Coffee ....................................: 16,590 Cranberries ...............................: 388,410 Dates (California) ........................: 39,550 Figs (California) .........................: 27,400 Grapes ....................................: 6,964,590 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 21,500 Nectarines ................................: 152,130 : Olives (California) .......................: 162,390 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 12,380 Peaches ...................................: 768,580 Pears .....................................: 744,360 Plums (California) ........................: 96,160 Prunes (California) .......................: 101,600 40,820 Prunes and Plums ..........................: 8,780 Strawberries ..............................: 1,400,100 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 861,830 929,860 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 28,120 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 21,320 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 115,340 Pistachios (California) ...................: 122,470 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 547,030 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2016. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2012-2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2012 ..........: 57 77 92 2013 ..........: 12 55 92 2014 ..........: 15 58 92 2015 ..........: 16 64 93 2016 ..........: 21 68 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2012-2016 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2012 : 2013 : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July ................: 41.0 32.1 42.4 51.1 43.0 August ..............: 41.0 31.9 43.2 49.3 Final ...............: 41.0 31.9 43.4 49.3 : Illinois : July ................: 56.5 60.9 63.5 56.7 57.4 August ..............: 56.5 61.2 63.7 56.9 Final ...............: 56.5 61.2 63.7 56.9 : Kansas : July ................: 46.5 50.4 36.4 43.1 54.7 August ..............: 46.7 50.4 36.4 43.1 Final ...............: 46.7 50.4 36.4 43.1 : Missouri : July ................: 49.9 54.6 51.2 52.5 53.7 August ..............: 49.9 55.8 50.9 52.5 Final ...............: 49.9 55.8 50.9 52.5 : Montana : July ................: 44.1 43.7 43.4 48.9 54.6 August ..............: 44.7 45.1 44.2 47.7 Final ...............: 45.0 45.1 44.2 47.7 : Nebraska : July ................: 50.7 38.5 48.2 47.9 60.2 August ..............: 50.7 38.8 48.2 47.6 Final ...............: 50.7 38.8 48.2 47.6 : Ohio : July ................: 58.3 53.0 58.8 51.0 58.0 August ..............: 58.3 54.0 58.4 51.2 Final ...............: 58.3 54.0 58.4 51.2 : Oklahoma : July ................: 47.7 51.7 34.9 39.6 41.8 August ..............: 47.7 51.7 34.9 39.4 Final ...............: 47.7 51.7 34.9 39.4 : Texas : July ................: 34.3 33.3 32.8 34.3 34.4 August ..............: 34.3 33.3 32.8 34.3 Final ...............: 34.3 33.0 33.1 34.2 : Washington : July ................: 37.3 38.0 32.3 31.3 36.1 August ..............: 36.6 38.6 32.1 31.3 Final ...............: 36.9 38.6 32.3 31.3 : 10 State : July ................: 44.8 46.4 39.5 42.8 48.3 August ..............: 44.9 46.6 39.6 42.4 Final ...............: 44.9 46.6 39.5 42.4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2016 Summary." June Weather Summary The Nation experienced its warmest June on record, according to preliminary climate data, although periods of extreme heat were mostly confined to the West and portions of the Nation's southern tier. Above-normal temperatures covered the Midwest, with the most consistent warmth occurring in the southwestern Corn Belt. Pockets of dryness accompanied the June warmth, leading to drought development in several Midwestern areas, including parts of South Dakota, Iowa, and Michigan. Nevertheless, crops primarily grown in the Midwest were overall in better condition on July 3 than at the same time last year, with three-quarters of the United States corn and 70 percent of the soybeans rated in good to excellent condition. Dry conditions stretched eastward from the lower Great Lakes Region, extending into parts of the Northeast. Meanwhile, intensifying drought across the interior Southeast, from northern and central Mississippi to the southern Appalachians, led to increased crop stress and diminishing soil moisture reserves. Between Northeastern and Southeastern drought areas, a late-month deluge triggered deadly flooding in southern West Virginia. Farther west, most of the Plains remained free of drought, despite a warm June, courtesy of scattered showers and thunderstorms and the lingering benefits of a wet spring. However, June rain was neither heavy nor sustained enough to prevent rapid northward progress of the winter wheat harvest, which had gotten off to a slow start across the southern Plains. By July 3, more than half (58 percent) of the Nation's winter wheat had been harvested, compared with the 5-year average of 55 percent. Elsewhere, hot, mostly dry weather resulted in rapid winter wheat maturation in the Northwest, where the harvest began ahead of schedule. The remainder of the western United States also experienced a hot month, with record-setting high temperatures occurring at times-especially in the Southwest. However, the Southwestern monsoon arrived a few days early, leading to a late-month increase in shower activity. Prior to the monsoon's arrival, wildfires were a problem in parts in the Southwest. Southern California, completing a fifth consecutive year of drought, also contended with several large fires. June Agricultural Summary Warmer than normal temperatures blanketed the Nation during the month of June. NOAA ranked this June as having the warmest average temperature on record for the contiguous United States. From the Pacific Coast to the middle Mississippi Valley, average temperatures were especially high for the month. Parts of the Four Corners region and upper Missouri Valley experienced temperatures 6°F above normal. Drier than normal conditions prevailed across many parts of the Nation during June. Notable exceptions occurred in portions of the upper Midwest, Mid-Atlantic States, and Texas. Some areas along the Gulf Coast and West Virginia recorded over 10 inches of precipitation for the month. Planting of the 2016 corn crop was 98 percent complete by June 5, slightly behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety percent of this year's corn crop had emerged by June 5, slightly ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 12, corn emerged had advanced to 96 percent complete, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. More than 90 percent of the crop was emerged in all estimating States except Kentucky and Pennsylvania by June 12. Fifteen percent of this year's corn was silking by July 3, five percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 75 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, equal to the percentage rated in these two categories on June 5 but 6 percentage points above the same time last year. Iowa and Illinois, the two largest corn-producing States, were rated at 79 percent and 72 percent, respectively, in good to excellent condition. Producers had planted 58 percent of this year's sorghum crop by June 5, six percentage points ahead of last year but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was more than 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average in Kansas and Illinois after the first week of the month. By June 26, ninety-five percent of the Nation's sorghum was planted, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Heading advanced to 26 percent complete by June 26, six percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Major heading progress was limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, but small percentages of heading were reported in the more northern States of Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and South Dakota by June 26. Twenty-nine percent of the sorghum was at or beyond the heading stage by July 3, six percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 69 percent of the sorghum was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, down 2 percentage points from the first National sorghum crop rating on June 12 but 2 percentage points better than at the same time last year. Thirty-eight percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 5, two percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average By June 19, sixty-eight percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Heading progress was ahead of the 5-year average in all 9 estimating States. Heading of this year's oat crop advanced to 92 percent complete by July 3, three percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Oat heading progress was 46 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average in North Dakota and 23 percentage points ahead in Minnesota by month's end. Overall, 67 percent of the oats were reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, down 4 percentage points from the June 5 rating and slightly below the same time last year. Ninety-three percent of the barley crop was emerged by June 5, six percentage points behind last year but 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Emergence was complete in Minnesota at that time. Nationwide, 95 percent of the barley crop had emerged by June 12, five percentage points behind last year but 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-three percent of this year's barley crop was headed by June 19, eight percentage points behind last year but 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Heading of the Nation's barley crop advanced to 72 percent complete by July 3, six percentage points behind last year but 24 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Dry weather aided crop maturation in North Dakota, with barley heading advancing 30 percentage points during the last week of the month to reach 90 percent complete. Overall, 75 percent of the barley was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, down 3 percentage points from the beginning of the month but 2 percentage points better than at the same time last year. Heading of this year's winter wheat crop advanced to 91 percent complete by June 5, two percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 5, producers had harvested 2 percent of this year's winter wheat crop, slightly behind last year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 12, ninety-six percent of the winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, slightly ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest progress, at 11 percent complete, was 2 percentage points ahead of last year but 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average by June 12. At least 20 percent of the winter wheat crop was harvested during the second week of June in Arkansas, California, Missouri, and Oklahoma. By July 3, producers had harvested 58 percent of the winter wheat crop, 8 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Despite significant rain in Kansas, producers were able to harvest 21 percent of the winter wheat crop during last the week of the month. The Kansas harvest was 79 percent complete by July 3. Overall, 62 percent of the winter wheat was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, equal to the percentage rated in these two categories on June 5 but 22 percentage points better than at the same time last year. The Nation's spring wheat crop was 96 percent emerged by June 5, slightly ahead of last year and 18 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 19, twenty-eight percent of the spring wheat was at or beyond the heading stage, 9 percentage points ahead of last year and 14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Warm weather in the northern Great Plains accelerated heading, which was 28 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average in Minnesota and 17 percentage points ahead in South Dakota by mid-June. By July 3, seventy-four percent of the spring wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 29 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Spring wheat progress remained well ahead of normal in all 5 estimating States. Overall, 72 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, down 7 percentage points from the beginning of the month but 2 percentage points better than at the same time last year. Emergence of the 2016 rice crop was 94 percent complete by June 5, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-nine percent of the rice crop had emerged by June 12, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eight percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 19, three percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Heading progress was most advanced in Louisiana at 34 percent complete on June 19, fifteen percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 3, twenty percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Despite slow heading progress during the last week of June, California still remained 20 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 69 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, up 2 percentage points from the June 5 rating but slightly below the same time last year. By June 5, eighty-three percent of the Nation's soybean crop was planted, 6 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Nationally, 65 percent of the soybean crop had emerged by June 5, five percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 5, North Dakota soybean emergence was 36 percentage points, or about 2 weeks, ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's soybean crop was planted by June 19, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 19, eighty-nine percent of the soybeans were emerged, 8 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation's soybean crop was emerged by June 26, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 26, nine percent of the soybean crop was blooming, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced in the Mississippi Delta by June 26, with 62 percent blooming in Louisiana, 49 percent in Arkansas, and 43 percent in Mississippi. By month's end, 22 percent of the soybean crop was blooming, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 70 percent of the soybeans were reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, down 2 percentage points from the June 5 rating but 7 percentage points above the same time last year. By June 5, producers had planted 90 percent of this year's peanut crop, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Peanut planting advanced to 96 percent complete by June 12, also slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Twenty-one percent of this year's peanut crop was pegging by June 19, nine percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Pegging was 28 percent complete in Georgia by June 19, nineteen percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 3, forty-eight percent of the peanut crop had advanced to the pegging stage, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 71 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 68 percent on June 5 and 73 percent at the same time last year. By June 5, sunflower producers had planted 61 percent of this year's crop, 17 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sunflower planting progress was rapid in South Dakota during the first week of the month, advancing 20 percentage points to 50 percent complete. Sunflower producers had planted 87 percent of this year's crop by June 19, ten percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Seeding was nearly complete in North Dakota, with 98 percent of the crop planted by June 19. By June 26, ninety-seven percent of the sunflower crop was planted, 11 percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 5, seventy-five percent of the cotton crop was planted, equal to last year but 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 7 percent of the cotton crop was squaring on June 5, slightly ahead of last year but slightly behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the cotton was planted by June 19, two percentage points ahead of last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting delays continued on the central Great Plains during mid-June, with progress 22 percentage points behind the 5-year average in Kansas. Cotton squaring advanced to 22 percent complete by June 19, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 29 percent of the cotton crop was squaring by June 26, two percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Early planting continued to affect squaring progress in Arkansas and Missouri, which were 17 and 24 percentage points ahead of their respective 5-year averages. Six percent of this year's cotton crop was setting bolls by June 26, two percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Nationally, 42 percent of the cotton crop was squaring by July 3, two percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Double-digit square development was observed in 12 of the 15 estimating States during the last week of the month. Nationally, 11 percent of this year's cotton crop was setting bolls by July 3, two percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Overall, 56 percent of the cotton was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 47 percent on June 5 and 57 percent at the same time last year. Crop Comments Oats: Production is forecast at 76.6 million bushels, down 14 percent from 2015. Growers expect to harvest 1.17 million acres for grain or seed, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016, but down 9 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 65.8 bushels per acre, down 4.4 bushels from 2015. The 2016 oat crop developed ahead of the normal pace in all nine of the major producing States due to favorable planting and growing conditions. As of July 3, ninety-two percent of the oat acreage was headed, 3 percentage points ahead of last year's pace and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. As of July 3, sixty-seven percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 68 percent at the same time last year. Barley: Production is forecast at 183 million bushels, down 15 percent from 2015. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 70.9 bushels per acre, up 2 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 2.58 million acres, is unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but down 17 percent from 2015. When compared with last year, the largest yield increases are expected in Washington and Wyoming due to favorable spring weather. Wet conditions have negatively impacted the yield in Virginia. Record barley yields are expected in Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming. Generally dry spring weather and timely rains facilitated beneficial conditions for planting and the development of barley in 2016. By June 12, ninety-five percent of the Nation's barley crop was emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-two percent of the barley crop was headed by July 3, twenty-four percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 75 percent of the barley crop was rated in the good to excellent categories on July 3, two percentage points better than at the same time last year. Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.63 billion bushels, up 8 percent from the June 1 forecast and up 19 percent from 2015. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at a record high 53.9 bushels per acre, up 3.4 bushels from last month and up 11.4 bushels from last year. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 30.2 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but down 6 percent from last year. As of July 3, sixty-two percent of the winter wheat crop in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 22 percentage points better than at the same time last year. As of July 3, harvest progress was equal to or ahead of normal in all Hard Red Winter (HRW) States except Colorado and Nebraska. Yield increases from last month in the HRW growing area are expected in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, but are down in North Dakota and South Dakota. As of July 3, harvest progress in the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area was ahead of normal in all major producing States except Michigan. Record high yields are forecast in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Wisconsin in 2016. Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 82.8 million bushels, up less than 1 percent from 2015. The United States yield is forecast at 39.8 bushels per acre, down 3.7 bushels from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 2.08 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but up 10 percent from last year. Crop development has progressed ahead of normal this year in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. As of July 3, fifty-two percent of the acreage in Montana and 82 percent of the acreage in North Dakota was rated in good to excellent condition. Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 550 million bushels, down 8 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 46.5 bushels per acre, up 0.2 bushel from 2015. Of the total production, 511 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 9 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 11.8 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2016 but down 9 percent from last year. Crop development has been ahead of normal this spring primarily due to favorable weather conditions. In the six major producing States, 74 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage as of July 3, six percentage points ahead of last year and 29 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Compared with last year, yield increases are expected in Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, Oregon, and Washington, but a decrease is expected in North Dakota. If realized, the forecasted yield in Minnesota will be a record high. As of July 3, seventy-two percent of the other spring wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 70 percent at the same time last year. Tobacco: United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 486 million pounds, virtually unchanged from the 2015 crop. Area harvested, at 209,000, is 5 percent below last year. Yield per acre for flue-cured tobacco is forecast at 2,324 pounds, up 114 pounds from a year ago. If realized, the South Carolina flue-cured tobacco yield will be a record high. Apricots: The 2016 apricot crop is forecast at 61,400 tons, up 47 percent from last year. The California crop represents 90 percent of the total United States production. Harvest in California began in early May. Growers reported a good crop with similar size, quality, and yield to 2014. Almonds: The 2016 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 2.05 billion pounds, up 8 percent from the 2015 production of 1.90 billion pounds. The 2016 bloom was fast and fairly uniform, with good weather conditions. Precipitation has been significantly better than last year and trees were reportedly showing signs of recovery from the insufficient water supply of previous years. Grapefruit: The United States 2015-2016 grapefruit crop is forecast at 810,000 tons, down 2 percent from last month's forecast and down 9 percent from last season's final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 10.9 million boxes, is unchanged from last month but down 16 percent from last year. Texas grapefruit production is down 7 percent from the previous forecast but California's production is unchanged. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 948,000 tons, unchanged from last month but up 11 percent from last season's final utilization. If realized, this will be the largest production since records began in 1964-1965. The California and Florida forecasts are unchanged from the previous month. Beginning in 2015-2016 tangerine and mandarin estimates were discontinued for Arizona. Lemons: The forecast for the 2015-2016 United States lemon crop is 934,000 tons, up 4 percent from the previous forecast and up 3 percent from last season's final utilization. California's production is up from last season, while Arizona's production is down from 2014-2015. Tangelos: Florida's tangelo forecast is 390,000 boxes (18,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 41 percent from last season's final utilization. The production is the lowest since the 1958-1959 season. Florida citrus: In the citrus growing region, daily high temperatures were about average for this time of the year. All reporting stations had highs in the upper 80s to lower 90s on most days. Morning lows were mostly in the 60s and 70s. Rainfall was very sporadic across the citrus growing region. About half the weather stations reported above average rainfall. The most was in Immokalee (Hendry County) at 14.03 inches, while the least was in St. Lucie West (St. Lucie County) at 4.73 inches. According to the July 5, 2016 U.S. Drought Monitor, the entire citrus growing region was drought free. Some growers observed postbloom fruit drop (PFD) in their groves due to stress from greening, weather conditions, and other environmental factors. Planting new trees, regular irrigation, thermotherapy, spraying for psyllids several times a year, and managing tree stress were some of the ways growers are managing greening. Other cultural practices included fertilizing, applications of summer oils, copper spraying, mowing, hedging, and topping. As caretakers were taking out old non-productive trees, they were leaving younger healthy trees and replanting new trees in hope of a productive crop next season. Some growers were planting new varieties of tangerines in place of oranges. Grove workers reported various fruit sizes on next season's crop due to multiple blooms during the bloom period. California citrus: Late Navel orange harvest wound down by mid-month. Valencia orange harvest continued. Citrus fruit drop increased due to hot weather. In Fresno County, citrus orchards were treated for ants and Mandarin oranges and lemons were planted. In Santa Barbara County, fire threatened citrus and avocado orchards late in June. In Stanislaus County, the re-greening of Valencia oranges had become more prevalent with the higher temperatures, and had packers color sorting. Ruby Red grapefruit and lemon harvesting began. California noncitrus fruits and nuts: In Madera County, apricots and pluots were harvested. Orchards continued to be mowed and/or sprayed for weeds. In Fresno County, growers reported continued mitigating practices for mildew in grapes and for mold and mildew controls on tree fruit orchards. Bunch closure stage occurred for grapes. Almond growers reported limb-breaking crops, with orchard cleaning and mildew spraying continuing. Walnuts were sprayed for coddling moth and mites. Pistachio orchards exhibited heavy nut set and growers continued to spray for weeds. In Stanislaus County, orchards, vineyards, and row crops were all irrigated by drip, flood, or sprinklers. Olives were sprayed for weed control. The cherry harvest was completed in many counties by months' end. In Fresno County, rain during mid-month caused cherries to crack and rot came into sight. Stone fruit trees were thinned and the harvest of early varieties of peaches and nectarines began. Miticide was applied to almond orchards. In Tulare County, the early variety peach, nectarine, and plum harvest tapered off by mid-month, with fruits being packed and shipped to local and foreign markets. Stone fruit exports remained strong throughout the month. Mid-season varieties of stone fruit approached maturity. Reflective plastic was placed in some orchards to help get more sun to the fruit and promote color. Grape vines had some leaves pulled to improve air flow and sun light, and were being trellised. Olives were pruned and irrigated and began to size up. Some olive groves were removed due to the lack of water resulting in continued low yields. Pomegranate trees had set its fruits. In Tulare County, new almond and pistachio trees were planted. In Merced County, almond growers reported that the almond hull split on the Nonpareil variety began after mid-month. Pistachios were still in shell hardening and were expected to be easing into the kernel fill phase next. Overall, hull split sprays have begun on a wider basis, with more applications anticipated. Blueberry harvest had slowed. Avocado harvest was ongoing. Fig growers began preparations for harvest of the second crop. Wine grapes in the Central Valley approached veraison. Table grape harvest continued. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 25 and July 7 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for 68 percent of the 2015 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewers. Approximately 7,400 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the July 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which accounts for about 62 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based on a tree inventory survey conducted every year combined with special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components and are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 2.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 2.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 4.2 percent. Differences between the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 27 million bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 85 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 orange production forecast is 1.5 percent. However, if you exclude the three abnormal production seasons (one freeze and two hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.5 percent, or 1.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.6 percent, or 2.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Changes between the July 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 116,000 tons (108,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 9,000 tons to 370,000 tons regardless of exclusions. The July 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times (below 4 times and above 13 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the July 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch............................................... (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section................................... (202) 720-2127 Angie Considine - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................ (202) 720-5944 Tony Dahlman - Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet............................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay.................................... (202) 690-8533 Scott Matthews - Crop Weather, Barley..................................... (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat.................................................. (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Peanuts, Rice............................................ (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................ (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section........ (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Cherries................................................ (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits.......................... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ............ (202) 720-4285 Dave Losh - Hops.......................................................... (360) 709-2400 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ............ (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .. (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Apricots, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ................... (202) 720-4288 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) 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