United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Ag Ch 1 (00) Agricultural Chemical Usage 1999 Cattle and Cattle Facilities April 2000 1999 Agricultural Chemical Use Estimates for Cattle and Cattle Facilities Overview: The agricultural chemical use estimates in this report are based on data compiled from a survey conducted in the fall of 1999. This report provides insecticide use information on the cattle sector of agriculture. Data are published separately for beef cattle and dairy cattle. All data refer to the on-farm use of chemical active ingredients contained in insecticides applied during the 1999 calendar year. Insecticides are applied to cattle and cattle facilities to control pasture and confinement flies, lice, grubs, and other pests. This report excludes pharmaceutical products that treat cattle for only internal pests. A pharmaceutical is classified as a drug and is regulated by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). Pharmaceuticals generally target internal livestock pests such as viruses, bacteria, and worms. Some products can be classified as either a pesticide or a pharmaceutical because they can treat both external and internal pests. Examples of dual purpose products are Doramectin, Eprinomectin, and Ivermectin. These products can be applied to cattle internally as an injectable or orally, or externally as a pour-on, and are included in this report. Some active ingredients, such as xylene, piperonyl butoxide, and petroleum distillate are primarily carriers, diluents, synergists, or repellents. These are classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as pesticides and are included in this report. Cattle inventories by State, region, and U.S. are reprinted in this report from a previous NASS release. This table is included for informational purposes only. Chemical data are provided on a rate per head per application and rate per head per year basis. Some cattle received no chemical applications in 1999, other cattle received multiple applications of the same chemical, and other cattle received applications of different chemicals. The number of times a chemical is applied varies significantly based on product formulation, method of application and pest stress at particular locations. The rate per head data cannot be used to calculate the actual number of head treated with a particular chemical. Insecticide use information on chemical applications made to cattle facilities is also included in this report. Herbicide and termite chemical applications are excluded. Insecticide use data on cattle facilities are published separately for beef and dairy. Sample sizes were adequate to publish data only by region and U.S. level. Number of Summarized Reports Cattle Chemical Use by Region and U.S., 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Treatment :-------------------------------------------: Site : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : Beef Cattle : 94 3,779 4,098 1,897 9,868 Dairy Cattle : 217 489 162 53 921 All Cattle : 311 4,268 4,260 1,950 10,789 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Facility Chemical Use by Region and U.S., 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Treatment :-------------------------------------------: Site : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : Beef Cattle Facilities : 20 122 137 67 346 Dairy Cattle Facilities : 227 378 98 58 761 All Cattle Facilities : 247 500 235 125 1,107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Inventories: Total Number of Head, by State and Region, 1999 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : :: State : and : All Cattle :: and : All Cattle Region : :: Region : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Head :: : 1,000 Head : :: : CT : 65 :: AL : 1,500 DE : 29 :: AR : 1,820 ME : 102 :: FL : 1,830 MD : 250 :: GA : 1,300 MA : 58 :: KY : 2,420 NH : 47 :: LA : 900 NJ : 53 :: MS : 1,160 NY : 1,460 :: NC : 980 PA : 1,670 :: OK : 5,300 RI : 6 :: SC : 480 VT : 310 :: TN : 2,180 : :: TX : 14,100 Northeast : 4,050 :: VA : 1,700 : :: WV : 440 : :: : IL : 1,510 :: South : 36,110 IN : 1,010 :: : IA : 3,700 :: AZ : 810 KS : 6,550 :: CA : 5,100 MI : 1,050 :: CO : 3,200 MN : 2,500 :: ID : 1,900 MO : 4,400 :: MT : 2,600 NE : 6,700 :: NV : 510 ND : 1,920 :: NM : 1,630 OH : 1,230 :: OR : 1,530 SD : 3,900 :: UT : 890 WI : 3,400 :: WA : 1,170 : :: WY : 1,560 North Central : 37,870 :: : : :: West : 20,900 : :: : US 2/ : 98,930 :: : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ January 1, 1999. 2/ Excluding AK and HI. Regions: Northeast CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT North Central IL, IN, IA, KS, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI South AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV West AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the survey. 1/ Percent of total quantity of chemical active ingredients applied to cattle and cattle facilities. Highlights All Cattle: Agricultural producers applied 2.16 million pounds of insect- icides to beef and dairy cattle in 1999. Applications made to beef cattle accounted for 72 percent of the total while insecticide use on dairy cattle accounted for 28 percent. Xylene was the top active ingredient in total quantity used at 459,700 pounds followed by tetrachlorvinphos at 287,300 pounds and piperonyl butoxide at 154,300 pounds. These three active ingredients accounted for 42 percent of the U.S. total. Of the total chemical applications made to cattle in 1999, the method of application was 37 percent by spray, 28 percent by pour-on, 9 percent by rubbing device, 9 percent by dust and 7 percent by injectable shot. All other methods (dip, mineral block, pill, ear tags, and other) accounted for the remaining 10 percent of applications. Beef Cattle: A total of 1.55 million pounds of insecticides was applied to beef cattle in 1999. The top active ingredients in total pounds used on beef cattle were xylene, at 452,400 pounds, tetrachlorvinphos at 219,300 pounds, malathion at 140,900 pounds and famphur at 129,200 pounds. Of the total chemical applications made to beef cattle in 1999, the method of application was 39 percent by pour-on, 18 percent by spray, and 11 percent by injectable shot. All other methods (dip, dust, mineral block, rubbing device, pill, ear tags, and other) accounted for the remaining 32 percent of applications. Dairy Cattle: A total of 606,400 pounds of insecticides was applied to dairy cattle in 1999. Piperonyl butoxide was the predominant active ingredient in total quantity used on dairy cattle at 101,700 pounds. Dichlorvos had the second highest quantity used at 96,200 pounds followed by cyfluthrin with 92,200 pounds. Of the total chemical applications made to dairy cattle in 1999, the method of application was 65 percent by spray, 13 percent by pour-on, and 10 percent by both rubbing device and dust. All other methods (dip, mineral block, injectable shots, pill, ear tags, and other) accounted for the remaining 2 percent of applications. All Cattle Facilities: A total of 354,400 pounds of insecticides was applied to cattle facilities in 1999. Tetrachlorvinphos had the highest quantity used at 125,200 pounds. Dimethoate had the second highest quantity used at 98,700 pounds followed by diazinon with 39,300 pounds. Beef Cattle Facilities: A total of 148,400 pounds of insecticides was used to treat beef cattle facilities in 1999. Diazinon was the predominant active ingredient in treating beef cattle facilities with 39,300 pounds used. Malathion had the second highest quantity used at 15,100 pounds followed by dichlorvos with 14,600 pounds. Dairy Cattle Facilities: A total of 206,000 pounds of insecticides was applied to milk cattle facilities in 1999. Dimethoate accounted for 48 percent of the total at 98,700 pounds. Piperonyl butoxide accounted for 29,500 pounds or 14 percent of the total. Insecticide Use by Region, 1999 Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : All Cattle : Beef Cattle : Dairy Cattle -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Northeast : 118.9 6.5 112.4 North Central : 1,164.2 786.2 378.1 South : 544.2 431.8 112.4 West : 328.0 324.5 3.5 : United States : 2,155.3 1,548.9 606.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * * Amitraz : * * * Bendiocarb : * * * 0.2 Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 0.9 * 2.1 Carbaryl : 83.5 23.4 0.1 107.0 Chlorpyrifos : 2.8 * * 6.5 Coumaphos : 0.8 20.6 26.3 10.4 58.1 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 14.9 78.9 1.0 0.2 95.0 Cypermethrin : 0.4 * * 0.5 Cyromazine : * * 0.2 Diazinon : * 17.3 19.5 * 47.2 Dichlorvos : * 88.9 21.1 * 114.9 Diflubenzuron : * * * 4.1 Dimethoate : * * 3.6 8.4 Dioxathion : * * 0.4 Dipropyl isocinchom. : 0.7 * * 0.7 Doramectin : * 1.5 * 1.0 3.2 Eprinomectin : 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.0 Ethion : 4.8 3.7 0.4 8.8 Famphur : 72.9 * * 131.3 Fenthion : * 14.2 * 6.2 26.1 Fenvalerate : 0.5 0.5 0.1 1.1 Flucythrinate : * * * 0.4 Ivermectin : 0.4 3.6 5.5 1.3 10.9 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 1.5 * * 5.3 Lindane : * 11.3 * 11.3 Malathion : * 30.8 107.6 * 143.3 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 2.1 0.3 0.2 2.6 Methoxychlor : 43.9 * 62.4 * 111.6 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * 0.4 0.4 * 6.8 N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 1.7 * 1.7 Naled : * * * 8.2 Permethrin : 10.1 67.6 36.3 8.6 122.6 Petroleum distillate : * 38.7 77.7 * 122.0 Phosmet : * 13.5 * 24.0 Piperonyl butoxide : 14.1 128.4 10.4 1.5 154.3 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : * 2.1 2.0 * 4.9 Pyrethrins : 2.3 20.1 * * 22.9 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : 17.5 182.3 76.1 11.3 287.3 Toxaphene : * * 1.7 Trichlorfon : * 4.5 * 5.1 Xylene : 255.2 * * 459.7 Zeta-cypermethrin : * 0.7 * 1.3 : Total Insecticides : 118.9 1,164.2 544.2 328.0 2,155.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Beef Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * * * Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 0.9 * 2.1 Carbaryl : * * 0.1 55.4 Chlorpyrifos : * * * 6.1 Coumaphos : 0.2 19.2 25.2 10.1 54.8 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : * 1.8 0.8 * 2.8 Cypermethrin : 0.4 * * * Cyromazine : * * * Diazinon : * * * 37.8 Dichlorvos : * 10.1 * * 18.7 Diflubenzuron : * * * * Dimethoate : * * * * Dioxathion : * * 0.4 Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * * * Doramectin : * * * * 3.1 Eprinomectin : * * 0.3 * 0.5 Ethion : * * 0.4 * Famphur : * * * 129.2 Fenthion : * * * 6.2 25.7 Fenvalerate : * * 0.1 1.0 Flucythrinate : * * * * Ivermectin : 0.1 3.3 5.4 1.2 10.0 Lambda-cyhalothrin : * * * 4.1 Lindane : * 11.3 * 11.3 Malathion : * * * * 140.9 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7 Methoxychlor : * * 45.8 * 50.7 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * * * * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : * * 0.3 Naled : * * * 8.2 Permethrin : 4.5 33.2 25.1 8.0 70.7 Petroleum distillate : * * * * 91.1 Phosmet : * 13.5 * * Piperonyl butoxide : * 42.4 * * 52.6 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : * 1.8 * 4.5 Pyrethrins : * 6.9 * * 7.4 Pyriproxyfen : Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : * 180.8 * * 219.3 Toxaphene : * * * Trichlorfon : * 4.5 * 5.1 Xylene : * * * 452.4 Zeta-cypermethrin : * * * * : Total Insecticides : 6.5 786.2 431.8 324.5 1,548.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * Bomyl : Butoxypolypr. glycol : Carbaryl : * * 51.6 Chlorpyrifos : * * 0.4 Coumaphos : 0.6 1.4 1.0 0.2 3.3 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : * 77.1 0.2 * 92.2 Cypermethrin : * * Cyromazine : * * Diazinon : * * * * 9.4 Dichlorvos : * 78.7 * 96.2 Diflubenzuron : * * Dimethoate : * * * * Dioxathion : Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * Doramectin : * * * * 0.1 Eprinomectin : * * 0.1 * 0.5 Ethion : * * * Famphur : * * 2.1 Fenthion : * * 0.4 Fenvalerate : * * 0.2 Flucythrinate : * * Ivermectin : 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 Lambda-cyhalothrin : * * 1.2 Lindane : Malathion : * * 2.4 Methomyl : * * Methoprene : 1.9 1.9 Methoxychlor : * * 16.6 60.9 Mineral Oil : Moxidectin : * * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : * * * 1.4 Naled : Permethrin : 5.7 34.3 11.2 0.7 51.9 Petroleum distillate : * * * 30.9 Phosmet : * * Piperonyl butoxide : * 86.0 * * 101.7 Potassium Salts : Pirimiphos-methyl : * * 0.2 0.3 Pyrethrins : * 13.2 * 15.5 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : Tetrachlorvinphos : * 1.5 * * 67.9 Toxaphene : * * Trichlorfon : Xylene : * * 7.3 Zeta-cypermethrin : * * * * : Total Insecticides : 112.4 378.10 112.40 3.50 606.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. All Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Application, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * * Amitraz : * * * Bendiocarb : * * * 2.1 Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 13.3 * 14.9 Carbaryl : 26.4 12.9 1.7 21.3 Chlorpyrifos : 4.2 6.8 1.9 4.6 Coumaphos : 0.5 2.9 2.1 2.9 2.3 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 16.0 19.1 0.7 1.0 14.4 Cypermethrin : 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 Cyromazine : * * 0.3 Diazinon : * 12.1 11.0 4.1 10.7 Dichlorvos : 0.5 6.2 4.1 4.8 4.1 Diflubenzuron : * * * 4.8 Dimethoate : * 30.1 18.8 21.6 Dioxathion : * 30.3 28.4 Dipropyl isocinchom. : 1.7 * * 1.5 Doramectin : 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 Eprinomectin : 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 Ethion : 4.7 6.1 4.3 5.2 Famphur : 13.5 13.7 14.6 14.0 Fenthion : * 6.4 4.4 5.7 5.6 Fenvalerate : 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 Flucythrinate : 1.2 0.8 * 0.9 Ivermectin : 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.9 Lindane : * 6.3 * 6.2 Malathion : * 18.0 31.7 2.0 19.1 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 Methoxychlor : 31.3 3.7 20.8 * 23.7 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.4 N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 0.6 0.1 0.5 Naled : * * * 89.9 Permethrin : 1.6 3.0 2.1 2.5 2.5 Petroleum distillate : * 19.3 17.4 26.2 18.3 Phosmet : 11.3 5.4 2.0 6.2 Piperonyl butoxide : 1.0 2.6 1.5 1.7 2.2 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : * 2.7 2.5 2.0 2.5 Pyrethrins : 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.4 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : 12.5 36.5 6.8 19.8 15.9 Toxaphene : * 3.4 8.5 Trichlorfon : 6.8 5.0 * 5.3 Xylene : 47.1 28.3 50.9 48.0 Zeta-cypermethrin : 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Beef Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Application, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * * 2.3 Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 13.3 * 14.9 Carbaryl : 25.3 13.2 1.7 18.1 Chlorpyrifos : 4.7 10.8 1.9 5.4 Coumaphos : 2.3 2.9 2.2 3.9 2.7 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : * 1.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 Cypermethrin : 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 Cyromazine : * * 0.3 Diazinon : 12.6 11.5 4.0 10.9 Dichlorvos : * 2.9 2.6 4.8 2.8 Diflubenzuron : * * * 5.1 Dimethoate : * * 12.8 19.5 Dioxathion : * 30.3 28.4 Dipropyl isocinchom. : 2.1 * * 1.7 Doramectin : * 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 Eprinomectin : * 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 Ethion : 4.7 7.7 4.3 5.3 Famphur : 13.6 13.7 14.6 14.0 Fenthion : * 6.3 4.4 5.7 5.6 Fenvalerate : 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 Flucythrinate : 1.2 0.8 * 0.9 Ivermectin : 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 1.0 0.6 1.3 0.8 Lindane : * 6.3 * 6.2 Malathion : * 21.3 33.5 2.0 20.3 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Methoxychlor : * * 29.6 * 28.7 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 N-octy-bicycloheptene : 0.9 * 0.8 Naled : * * * 89.9 Permethrin : 5.9 3.7 2.0 2.8 2.8 Petroleum distillate : * 34.3 23.9 26.2 26.0 Phosmet : 12.7 5.4 2.0 6.4 Piperonyl butoxide : 0.5 3.7 1.5 1.7 2.8 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : 2.7 2.4 2.0 2.5 Pyrethrins : 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.7 Pyriproxyfen : Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : * 51.5 12.2 18.2 34.3 Toxaphene : * 3.4 8.2 Trichlorfon : 6.8 5.0 * 5.3 Xylene : 47.3 28.3 50.9 48.1 Zeta-cypermethrin : 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Application, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * Bomyl : Butoxypolypr. glycol : Carbaryl : * * 26.2 Chlorpyrifos : * * 1.3 Coumaphos : 0.4 2.7 0.9 0.2 0.7 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 16.0 31.1 0.8 * 24.8 Cypermethrin : * * Cyromazine : * * Diazinon : * * * * 10.0 Dichlorvos : 0.5 7.2 6.3 4.6 Diflubenzuron : * * Dimethoate : * * * * Dioxathion : Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * Doramectin : * 0.2 * * 0.1 Eprinomectin : 0.3 0.2 0.3 * 0.3 Ethion : * * * Famphur : 12.0 * 12.2 Fenthion : 7.8 * 7.7 Fenvalerate : * * 1.5 Flucythrinate : * * Ivermectin : 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 Lambda-cyhalothrin : * 1.0 1.0 Lindane : Malathion : 5.5 * 4.3 Methomyl : * * Methoprene : 1.2 1.2 Methoxychlor : * * 11.5 20.7 Mineral Oil : Moxidectin : * * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 0.6 * 0.5 Naled : Permethrin : 1.0 2.6 2.5 1.3 2.2 Petroleum distillate : * * * 9.8 Phosmet : * * Piperonyl butoxide : 1.1 2.3 1.3 * 2.0 Potassium Salts : Pirimiphos-methyl : * * 3.3 3.1 Pyrethrins : 0.2 0.4 * 0.4 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : Tetrachlorvinphos : 12.5 1.0 5.4 * 5.8 Toxaphene : * * Trichlorfon : Xylene : 42.1 * 42.7 Zeta-cypermethrin : * * * * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. All Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Year, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * * Amitraz : * * * Bendiocarb : * * * 2.1 Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 42.5 * 58.0 Carbaryl : 148.9 39.0 3.5 90.2 Chlorpyrifos : 5.8 8.1 1.9 5.5 Coumaphos : 2.0 8.0 6.3 8.3 6.9 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 42.5 40.3 1.2 1.2 28.7 Cypermethrin : 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 Cyromazine : * * 0.9 Diazinon : * 14.7 11.7 4.1 14.1 Dichlorvos : 31.7 26.8 20.3 4.8 25.2 Diflubenzuron : * * * 35.6 Dimethoate : * 45.8 56.7 47.5 Dioxathion : * 39.7 35.9 Dipropyl isocinchom. : 5.1 * * 3.7 Doramectin : 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 Eprinomectin : 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 Ethion : 7.4 9.5 4.9 8.0 Famphur : 14.2 14.1 14.9 14.5 Fenthion : * 7.0 5.9 5.9 6.4 Fenvalerate : 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 Flucythrinate : 1.2 0.8 * 0.9 Ivermectin : 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 Lindane : * 34.6 * 31.5 Malathion : * 44.1 107.2 19.0 73.1 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 5.8 0.8 2.9 3.3 Methoxychlor : * 15.2 86.5 * 132.4 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 3.4 0.2 2.9 Naled : * * * 111.5 Permethrin : 6.4 11.6 7.6 4.4 8.6 Petroleum distillate : * 101.1 100.3 36.7 93.8 Phosmet : 39.3 13.2 2.1 13.4 Piperonyl butoxide : 15.8 25.2 3.2 1.8 15.4 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : * 2.9 2.6 2.0 2.6 Pyrethrins : 6.9 10.9 0.8 1.1 8.2 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : 99.4 82.0 74.1 57.2 79.2 Toxaphene : * 12.6 21.3 Trichlorfon : 7.2 8.3 * 8.3 Xylene : 49.5 41.5 52.1 50.3 Zeta-cypermethrin : 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Beef Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Year, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * * 2.3 Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * 42.5 * 58.0 Carbaryl : 100.5 39.8 3.5 60.1 Chlorpyrifos : 5.8 10.8 1.9 5.9 Coumaphos : 2.7 8.1 6.6 9.4 7.4 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : * 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.2 Cypermethrin : 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 Cyromazine : * * 1.3 Diazinon : 15.1 12.2 4.0 12.0 Dichlorvos : * 3.5 10.8 4.8 5.0 Diflubenzuron : * * * 69.3 Dimethoate : * * 36.5 39.5 Dioxathion : * 39.7 35.9 Dipropyl isocinchom. : 4.9 * * 3.5 Doramectin : * 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 Eprinomectin : * 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 Ethion : 7.5 7.7 4.9 7.3 Famphur : 14.2 14.1 14.9 14.5 Fenthion : * 6.9 5.9 5.9 6.4 Fenvalerate : 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 Flucythrinate : 1.2 0.8 * 0.9 Ivermectin : 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.0 Lindane : * 34.6 * 31.5 Malathion : * 46.1 111.1 19.0 76.2 Methomyl : * * * Methoprene : 0.7 0.8 2.9 1.0 Methoxychlor : * * 75.1 * 75.7 Mineral Oil : * * Moxidectin : * 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 N-octy-bicycloheptene : 2.0 * 1.5 Naled : * * * 111.5 Permethrin : 12.1 8.1 6.4 5.1 7.1 Petroleum distillate : * 68.6 103.2 36.7 84.2 Phosmet : 40.0 13.2 2.1 13.4 Piperonyl butoxide : 2.4 11.4 2.8 1.8 6.8 Potassium Salts : * * Pirimiphos-methyl : 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.6 Pyrethrins : 2.9 11.7 0.8 1.1 6.2 Pyriproxyfen : Sulfur : * * * * Tetrachlorvinphos : * 87.9 32.6 63.0 70.7 Toxaphene : * 12.6 21.0 Trichlorfon : 7.2 8.3 * 8.3 Xylene : 49.4 41.5 52.1 50.3 Zeta-cypermethrin : 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Dairy Cattle: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Rate per Head per Year, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Grams : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Amitraz : * * Bendiocarb : * * Bomyl : Butoxypolypr. glycol : Carbaryl : * * 195.5 Chlorpyrifos : * * 2.7 Coumaphos : 1.9 7.5 2.7 1.3 3.1 Crotoxyphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 42.6 160.5 1.3 * 91.3 Cypermethrin : * * Cyromazine : * * Diazinon : * * * * 44.5 Dichlorvos : 32.9 183.2 47.1 114.4 Diflubenzuron : * * Dimethoate : * * * * Dioxathion : Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * Doramectin : * 0.2 * * 0.2 Eprinomectin : 0.4 0.3 0.4 * 0.3 Ethion : * * * Famphur : 16.1 * 16.0 Fenthion : 7.8 * 7.7 Fenvalerate : * * 1.5 Flucythrinate : * * Ivermectin : 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 Lambda-cyhalothrin : * 5.3 5.0 Lindane : Malathion : 27.2 * 21.4 Methomyl : * * Methoprene : 30.9 30.9 Methoxychlor : * * 149.7 351.5 Mineral Oil : Moxidectin : * * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 4.1 * 3.6 Naled : Permethrin : 4.6 19.8 13.2 1.6 12.3 Petroleum distillate : * * * 141.7 Phosmet : * * Piperonyl butoxide : 21.8 62.1 6.5 * 43.3 Potassium Salts : Pirimiphos-methyl : * * 3.3 3.1 Pyrethrins : 7.1 10.6 * 9.7 Pyriproxyfen : * * Sulfur : Tetrachlorvinphos : 101.6 9.2 341.2 * 129.8 Toxaphene : * * Trichlorfon : Xylene : 56.2 * 56.1 Zeta-cypermethrin : * * * * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Cattle: Chemical Applications Percent of Total Applications by Method of Application, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method : All Cattle : Beef Cattle : Dairy Cattle -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : Dip : 0.1 0.1 0.1 Dust/Bag : 8.6 7.7 10.1 Feed/Mineral Block : 4.3 7.1 0.2 Pour-on : 28.5 38.7 13.3 Rubbing Device : 8.8 7.9 10.3 Spray : 37.0 18.1 64.9 Injectable Shot : 7.0 11.5 0.3 Pill : 0.2 0.3 * Tag : 4.5 7.1 0.6 Other : 1.0 1.5 0.2 : Total : 100.0 100.0 100.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Method reported but less than 0.1 percent. Cattle Buildings and Structures: Pesticide Use by Region, 1999 Total Amount Applied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : All Cattle : Beef Cattle : Dairy Cattle -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Northeast : 53.6 0.7 52.9 North Central : 159.1 39.1 120.0 South : 70.8 41.5 29.3 West : 70.8 67.0 3.7 : United States : 354.4 148.4 206.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Cattle Buildings and Structures: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Bomyl : * * 0.1 Butoxypolypr. glycol : 4.4 4.4 Carbaryl : * * 2.9 Chlorpyrifos : * * 4.3 4.6 Coumaphos : * * 1.1 * 1.3 Cyfluthrin : 12.4 9.0 * * 23.2 Deltamethrin : * * Diazinon : * * 39.3 Dichlorvos : 8.1 14.4 2.0 1.1 25.7 Dimethoate : * 75.7 * 98.7 Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * Fenthion : * * Hydramethylnon : * * * Ivermectin : * * Lambda-cyhalothrin : 5.8 * * 17.1 Lindane : * * Malathion : 4.7 5.1 5.5 15.4 Methomyl : * * * * 0.4 Moxidectin : * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : 0.1 0.1 4.4 4.6 Naled : * * * Permethrin : 7.5 1.7 1.1 0.3 10.7 Petroleum distillate : 14.6 * * 15.1 Phosmet : * * 4.8 Piperonyl butoxide : 2.0 18.2 9.8 1.0 30.9 Pyrethrins : 0.3 3.1 2.3 0.1 5.8 Ronnel : * * * * * Rotenone : * * Sulfur : * * * Temephos : * * Tetrachlorvinphos : 1.2 * * 125.2 Tetramethrin : * * Toxaphene : * * Trichlorfon : * * Tricosene : * * Xylene : * * : Total Insecticides : 53.6 159.1 70.8 70.8 354.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Beef Cattle Buildings and Structures: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : * * Bomyl : * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * * Carbaryl : * * * Chlorpyrifos : * 0.1 Coumaphos : * * * * Cyfluthrin : 0.1 * * 0.1 Deltamethrin : Diazinon : * * 39.3 Dichlorvos : 0.6 12.7 0.9 0.3 14.6 Dimethoate : Dipropyl isocinchom. : Fenthion : * * Hydramethylnon : * * * Ivermectin : * * Lambda-cyhalothrin : Lindane : * * Malathion : * 5.1 * 15.1 Methomyl : * * * * Moxidectin : * * N-octy-bicycloheptene : * * * Naled : * * Permethrin : * 0.8 0.9 * 1.9 Petroleum distillate : * * * * Phosmet : * * * Piperonyl butoxide : 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.2 1.5 Pyrethrins : * 0.2 * * 0.3 Ronnel : * * * * * Rotenone : * * Sulfur : * * Temephos : * * Tetrachlorvinphos : * * * 1.0 Tetramethrin : * * Toxaphene : * * Trichlorfon : Tricosene : Xylene : * * : Total Insecticides : 0.7 39.1 41.5 67.0 148.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Dairy Cattle Buildings and Structures: Agricultural Chemical Applications, Total Applied, 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Region : Agricultural :---------------------------------------: Chemical : North- : North : : : United : east : Central : South : West : States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Lbs : Insecticides: : Acephate : Bomyl : * * * Butoxypolypr. glycol : * * Carbaryl : * * Chlorpyrifos : * * * 4.5 Coumaphos : * * Cyfluthrin : 12.4 9.0 * * 23.1 Deltamethrin : * * Diazinon : Dichlorvos : 7.5 1.7 1.1 0.8 11.1 Dimethoate : * 75.7 * 98.7 Dipropyl isocinchom. : * * Fenthion : Hydramethylnon : Ivermectin : Lambda-cyhalothrin : 5.8 * * 17.1 Lindane : Malathion : * * 0.3 Methomyl : * * * * * Moxidectin : N-octy-bicycloheptene : * 0.1 * * Naled : * * Permethrin : * 0.9 0.3 * 8.7 Petroleum distillate : * * Phosmet : * * * Piperonyl butoxide : 2.0 17.0 9.7 0.8 29.5 Pyrethrins : * 2.9 * * 5.6 Ronnel : * * * * * Rotenone : Sulfur : * * Temephos : Tetrachlorvinphos : * * 0.4 Tetramethrin : Toxaphene : Trichlorfon : * * Tricosene : * * Xylene : : Total Insecticides : 52.9 120.0 29.3 3.7 206.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Chemical reported but not published to avoid disclosure. Survey Procedures: The estimates in this report are based on the Fall Agricultural Survey conducted in December 1999. This survey was based on a sample of 6,930 segments or parcels of land which average approximately 1 square mile. Enumerators conducting the area survey contacted all farmers having operations within the sampled segments and collected a variety of information, including cattle insecticide applications for their entire operation. Estimates were then calculated, using the selection probability of each segment of land. Estimation Procedures: The chemical applications data, reported by product name or trade name, are reviewed within region and across regions for reasonableness and consistency. This review also compares reported data with manufacturer's recommendations and with data from other farm operators using the same product. Following this review, product information are converted to an active ingredient level. The chemical usage estimates in this publication consist of survey estimates of those active ingredients. Detailed data within a table may not sum to totals due to independent rounding of published values. Reliability: The survey was designed so that the estimates are statistically representative of chemical use on cattle and cattle facilities. The reliability of these survey results is affected by sampling variability and non-sampling errors. The results of this survey are subject to sampling variability. Sampling variability is a measure of how the estimates would differ if other samples had been drawn. The sampling variability expressed as a percent of the estimate is called the coefficient of variation (cv). Sampling variability of the estimates differed considerably by chemical, class of cattle, and region. In general, the more often the chemical was applied, the smaller the sampling variability. For example, estimates of use of a commonly used product, such as ivermectin will exhibit less variability than a more rarely used product. For more commonly used chemicals, cv's will range from 5-30 percent at the U.S. level and 5-65 percent at the regional level. Some rare items could have cv's near 100 percent. These rare items had an insufficient number of reports for publication and are noted with an asterisk (*). Non-sampling errors occur during a survey process, and unlike sampling variability, are difficult to measure. They may be caused by interviewers failing to follow instructions, poorly worded questions, non-response, problematic survey procedures, or data handling mistakes between collection and publication. In this survey, all survey procedures and analyses were carried out in a consistent and orderly manner to minimize the occurrence of these types of errors. Terms and Definitions Active ingredient: The active ingredient is the specific chemical which kills or controls the target pests. Usage data are reported by pesticide product and are converted to an amount of active ingredient. Agricultural chemicals: The phrase agricultural chemicals refers to the active ingredients in fertilizers and pesticides. Carrier: An inert liquid, solid, or gas added to an active ingredient to make a pesticide dispense effectively. A carrier is also the material, usually water or oil, used to dilute the formulated product for application. Common name: The common name is an officially recognized name for an active ingredient. This report shows active ingredient by common name. Diluent: Any liquid or solid material used to dilute or carry an active ingredient. Farm: Any establishment from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were sold or would normally be sold during the year. Government payments are included in sales. Places with all acreage enrolled in set aside or other government programs are considered operating. Pesticides: As defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); include any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest, and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. Repellent: A pesticide used to keep target pests away from a treated area by saturating the area with an odor that is disagreeable to the pest. Synergist: A material which exhibits synergism. The joint action of different agents results in an effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. Trade name: A trademark name given to a specific formulation of a pesticide product. A formulation contains a specific concentration of the active ingredient, carrier materials, and other ingredients such as emulsifiers and wetting agents. Some formulations as in the case of pre-mixes, can contain more than one active ingredient. Trade Name, Active Ingredient, and Pesticide Class The following is a list of the associated class, (I=insecticide, O=other) and active ingredients included in this report. Also provided are product trade names reported in the survey associated with the listed active ingredients. This list is provided as an aid in reviewing pesticide data. The list is not complete for all trade names used and NASS does not mean to imply the use of any specific trade name. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Class : Active Ingredient : Trade Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I Acephate Orthene I Amitraz Taktic I Bendiocarb Ficam I Bomyl Purina Fly Bait I Butoxypolypropylene glycol Repel X, Straight Arrow Fly Spray I Carbaryl Sevin I Chlorpyrifos Dursban, Lorsban, Max-Con/Warrior Tags I Coumaphos Co-Ral I Crotoxyphos Ciovap, Purina Lice Powder I Cyfluthrin Countdown, Cutter Tags, Cylence, Tempo I Cypermethrin Max-Con/ZetaGard Tags I Cyromazine Larvadex I Deltamethrin Suspend I Diazinon Diazinon, Optimizer/Patriot/ Terminator/Turbo/Warrior Tags I Dichlorvos several I Diflubenzuron Micromite, Vigilante I Dimethoate Cygon I Dioxathion Del-Tox I Dipropyl isocinchomeronate CSA, Tox-O-Wik I Doramectin Dectomax I Eprinomectin Eprinex I Ethion Commando Tags I Famphur Warbex I Fenthion Cutter Tags, Lysoff, Spotton, Tiguvon I Fenvalerate Ectrin I Flucythrinate Guardian Tags I Hydramethylnon Amdro I Ivermectin Ivomec I Lambda-cyhalothrin Demand, Double Barrel/Excalibur Tags, Grenade, Saber, Warrior I Lindane Lindane, Stock Tox I Malathion Malathion I Methomyl Appache/Die Fly/Stimukil Fly Bait I Methoprene Altosid, Diacon, MoorMan I Methoxychlor Marlate, Methoxychlor, Sur-Noxem O Mineral oil Screw-Worm Ear Tick Bomb I Moxidectin Cydectin I N-octy-bicycloheptene several I Naled Fly Killer D I Permethrin several I Petroleum distillate Ciovap, Co-Ral, Stock Tox, Vapona I Phosmet Del-Phos, Lintox, Prolate I Piperonyl butoxide several I Pirimiphos-methyl Dominator/Double Barrel/Rotator/ Tomahawk Tags ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --continued ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Class : Active Ingredient : Trade Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I Potassium salts Safer Insecticidal Soap I Pyrethrins several I Pyriproxyfen Bio Flea Halt Fogger I Ronnel Golden Marlin Fly Bait I Rotenone Rotenone I Sulfur Sulfur I Temephos Abate I Tetrachlorvinphos Insectaban, Rabon, Ravap, Vigortone I Tetramethrin Raid I Toxaphene Stock Tox I Trichlorfon Dipterex, Neguvon I Tricosene Stimukil Fly Bait I Xylene Stock Tox, Warbex I Zeta-cypermethrin Python Tags ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Index Cattle Chemical Use Tables Page All Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,10,13 Beef Cattle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,11,14 Dairy Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,12,15 Cattle Facilities Chemical Use Tables All Cattle Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Beef Cattle Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Dairy Cattle Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Cattle Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Estimation Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Methods of Chemical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Report Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Survey Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Survey Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Trade Names, Active Ingredients, and Pesticide Class . . . . . . . . .22 Released April 26, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Agricultural Chemical Usage 1999 Cattle and Cattle Facilities" call Chris Cadwallader at 202-690-0392, office hours 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Report Features Listed below are persons within the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Chris Cadwallader, Environmental Statistician (202) 690-0392 Norman Bennett, Head, Environmental and Demographics Section (202) 720-0684 Linda Hutton, Chief, Economics, Environmental and Demographics Branch (202) 720-6146 The next "Livestock Agricultural Chemical Usage" report will be "1999 Swine and Swine Facilities" to be released in late 2000. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) 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