Prospective Plantings ISSN: 1949-159X Released March 31, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Corn Planted Acreage Up 6 Percent from 2015 Soybean Acreage Down Less Than 1 Percent All Wheat Acreage Down 9 Percent All Cotton Acreage Up 11 Percent Corn planted area for all purposes in 2016 is estimated at 93.6 million acres, up 6 percent from last year. If realized, this will represent the highest planted acreage in the United States since 2013, and will be the third highest planted acreage in the United States since 1944. Soybean planted area for 2016 is estimated at 82.2 million acres, down less than 1 percent from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage intentions are down or unchanged in 23 of the 31 estimating States. All wheat planted area for 2016 is estimated at 49.6 million acres, down 9 percent from 2015. The 2016 winter wheat planted area, at 36.2 million acres, is down 8 percent from last year and down 1 percent from the previous estimate. Of this total, about 26.2 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 6.60 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.37 million acres are White Winter. Area planted to other spring wheat for 2016 is estimated at 11.3 million acres, down 14 percent from 2015. Of this total, about 10.7 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. The intended Durum planted area for 2016 is estimated at 2.00 million acres, up 3 percent from the previous year. All cotton planted area for 2016 is estimated at 9.56 million acres, 11 percent above last year. Upland area is estimated at 9.35 million acres, up 11 percent from 2015. American Pima area is estimated at 215,000 acres, up 36 percent from 2015. This report was approved on March 31, 2016. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson James M. Harris Contents Corn Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.................................................. 6 Corn and Soybean Planted Acreage - United States Chart................................................... 7 Sorghum Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................... 7 Oat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................................... 8 Barley Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................................ 9 All Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................. 10 Winter Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.......................................... 11 Durum Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016........................................... 12 Other Spring Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.................................... 12 All Hay Area Harvested - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................. 13 Rice Area Planted by Class - States and United States: 2014-2016......................................... 14 Canola Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................................ 14 Soybean Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................... 15 Peanut Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................................ 15 Sunflower Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2014-2016..................................... 16 Flaxseed Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.............................................. 16 Cotton Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2014-2016........................................ 17 Sugarbeet Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested - States and United States: 2014-2016............................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type - States and United States: 2014-2016........................... 19 Dry Edible Bean Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016....................................... 20 Chickpea (Garbanzo Bean) Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.............................. 21 Lentil Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................................ 22 Dry Edible Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016........................................ 22 Austrian Winter Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016................................... 22 Spring Potato Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016......................................... 23 Sweet Potato Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016.......................................... 23 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016.. 24 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016.... 26 Winter Weather Summary .................................................................................. 28 Crop Comments............................................................................................ 30 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................. 34 Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates........................................... 35 Information Contacts..................................................................................... 36 This page intentionally left blank. Corn Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 300 260 340 131 Arizona ............: 75 70 65 93 Arkansas ...........: 540 460 790 172 California .........: 520 430 440 102 Colorado ...........: 1,150 1,100 1,250 114 Connecticut ........: 26 26 25 96 Delaware ...........: 175 170 175 103 Florida ............: 75 80 100 125 Georgia ............: 350 330 390 118 Idaho ..............: 320 280 320 114 : Illinois ...........: 11,900 11,700 12,100 103 Indiana ............: 5,900 5,650 5,800 103 Iowa ...............: 13,700 13,500 13,900 103 Kansas .............: 4,050 4,150 4,800 116 Kentucky ...........: 1,520 1,400 1,500 107 Louisiana ..........: 400 400 730 183 Maine ..............: 31 31 31 100 Maryland ...........: 500 440 490 111 Massachusetts ......: 16 16 15 94 Michigan ...........: 2,550 2,350 2,450 104 : Minnesota ..........: 8,200 8,100 8,200 101 Mississippi ........: 510 510 800 157 Missouri ...........: 3,500 3,250 3,600 111 Montana ............: 130 105 95 90 Nebraska ...........: 9,300 9,400 9,700 103 Nevada .............: 4 2 4 200 New Hampshire ......: 15 15 14 93 New Jersey .........: 85 80 75 94 New Mexico .........: 125 125 105 84 New York ...........: 1,140 1,080 1,100 102 : North Carolina .....: 840 790 930 118 North Dakota .......: 2,800 2,750 3,400 124 Ohio ...............: 3,700 3,550 3,550 100 Oklahoma ...........: 320 310 360 116 Oregon .............: 80 65 75 115 Pennsylvania .......: 1,460 1,340 1,400 104 Rhode Island .......: 2 2 2 100 South Carolina .....: 295 295 320 108 South Dakota .......: 5,800 5,400 5,700 106 Tennessee ..........: 920 780 840 108 : Texas ..............: 2,250 2,300 2,600 113 Utah ...............: 75 60 75 125 Vermont ............: 92 92 95 103 Virginia ...........: 500 450 490 109 Washington .........: 215 170 210 124 West Virginia ......: 51 50 50 100 Wisconsin ..........: 4,000 4,000 4,000 100 Wyoming ............: 90 85 100 118 : United States ......: 90,597 87,999 93,601 106 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Sorghum Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arizona 2/ .........: 25 24 (NA) (X) Arkansas ...........: 170 450 140 31 Colorado ...........: 345 440 360 82 Georgia ............: 40 50 35 70 Illinois ...........: 23 38 25 66 Kansas .............: 2,850 3,400 3,150 93 Louisiana ..........: 100 77 66 86 Mississippi ........: 110 120 50 42 Missouri ...........: 85 155 75 48 Nebraska ...........: 210 270 270 100 : New Mexico .........: 110 125 125 100 North Carolina 3/ ..: (NA) (NA) 50 (X) Oklahoma ...........: 370 440 420 95 South Dakota .......: 200 270 250 93 Texas ..............: 2,500 2,600 2,200 85 : United States ......: 7,138 8,459 7,216 85 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 3/ Estimates began in 2016. Oat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 50 55 60 109 Arkansas ...........: 12 11 10 91 California .........: 120 120 85 71 Colorado ...........: 45 45 30 67 Georgia ............: 60 65 55 85 Idaho ..............: 70 75 55 73 Illinois ...........: 35 40 30 75 Indiana 2/ .........: 20 15 (NA) (X) Iowa ...............: 145 125 90 72 Kansas .............: 85 95 120 126 : Maine ..............: 32 30 31 103 Michigan ...........: 55 75 50 67 Minnesota ..........: 230 280 200 71 Missouri ...........: 25 30 30 100 Montana ............: 45 50 55 110 Nebraska ...........: 110 135 145 107 New York ...........: 55 70 75 107 North Carolina .....: 33 35 40 114 North Dakota .......: 235 275 320 116 Ohio ...............: 50 70 75 107 : Oklahoma ...........: 60 40 40 100 Oregon .............: 30 35 30 86 Pennsylvania .......: 90 95 85 89 South Carolina .....: 21 24 25 104 South Dakota .......: 250 325 310 95 Texas ..............: 450 520 450 87 Utah 2/ ............: 20 20 (NA) (X) Virginia 2/ ........: 10 12 (NA) (X) Washington .........: 25 18 15 83 Wisconsin ..........: 255 280 220 79 Wyoming ............: 30 23 20 87 : United States ......: 2,753 3,088 2,751 89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. Barley Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arizona ............: 36 17 15 88 California .........: 80 70 80 114 Colorado ...........: 57 65 78 120 Delaware ...........: 41 32 28 88 Idaho ..............: 600 580 560 97 Kansas 2/ ..........: 16 13 (NA) (X) Maine 2/ ...........: 13 13 (NA) (X) Maryland ...........: 70 50 50 100 Michigan 2/ ........: 9 11 (NA) (X) Minnesota ..........: 75 135 100 74 : Montana ............: 920 970 1,010 104 New York 2/ ........: 12 11 (NA) (X) North Carolina 2/ ..: 20 19 (NA) (X) North Dakota .......: 620 1,120 800 71 Oregon .............: 50 49 60 122 Pennsylvania .......: 70 55 55 100 South Dakota 2/ ....: 28 37 (NA) (X) Utah ...............: 32 27 30 111 Virginia ...........: 56 46 44 96 Washington .........: 115 110 125 114 Wisconsin 2/ .......: 26 28 (NA) (X) Wyoming ............: 85 100 105 105 : United States ......: 3,031 3,558 3,140 88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. All Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 255 260 195 75 Arizona ............: 85 150 101 67 Arkansas ...........: 465 350 220 63 California .........: 530 465 460 99 Colorado ...........: 2,759 2,408 2,206 92 Delaware ...........: 80 70 80 114 Florida ............: 15 25 20 80 Georgia ............: 300 215 200 93 Idaho ..............: 1,271 1,200 1,221 102 Illinois ...........: 740 540 560 104 : Indiana ............: 390 290 350 121 Iowa ...............: 26 20 25 125 Kansas .............: 9,600 9,200 8,500 92 Kentucky ...........: 630 560 550 98 Louisiana ..........: 160 110 40 36 Maryland ...........: 340 355 360 101 Michigan ...........: 550 510 580 114 Minnesota ..........: 1,262 1,532 1,385 90 Mississippi ........: 230 150 90 60 Missouri ...........: 880 760 690 91 : Montana ............: 5,985 5,520 4,930 89 Nebraska ...........: 1,550 1,490 1,350 91 Nevada .............: 21 12 18 150 New Jersey .........: 33 27 25 93 New Mexico .........: 380 385 370 96 New York ...........: 120 120 130 108 North Carolina .....: 830 650 490 75 North Dakota .......: 7,960 7,990 7,040 88 Ohio ...............: 620 520 600 115 Oklahoma ...........: 5,300 5,300 5,000 94 : Oregon .............: 830 835 785 94 Pennsylvania .......: 185 195 190 97 South Carolina .....: 230 170 90 53 South Dakota .......: 2,514 2,756 2,284 83 Tennessee ..........: 530 455 440 97 Texas ..............: 6,000 6,000 5,000 83 Utah ...............: 130 125 126 101 Virginia ...........: 290 260 240 92 Washington .........: 2,320 2,280 2,180 96 West Virginia ......: 10 9 8 89 Wisconsin ..........: 295 230 290 126 Wyoming ............: 140 145 140 97 : United States ......: 56,841 54,644 49,559 91 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings for 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Winter Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 255 260 195 75 Arizona ............: 8 5 11 220 Arkansas ...........: 465 350 220 63 California .........: 490 400 400 100 Colorado ...........: 2,750 2,400 2,200 92 Delaware ...........: 80 70 80 114 Florida ............: 15 25 20 80 Georgia ............: 300 215 200 93 Idaho ..............: 780 750 750 100 Illinois ...........: 740 540 560 104 : Indiana ............: 390 290 350 121 Iowa ...............: 26 20 25 125 Kansas .............: 9,600 9,200 8,500 92 Kentucky ...........: 630 560 550 98 Louisiana ..........: 160 110 40 36 Maryland ...........: 340 355 360 101 Michigan ...........: 550 510 580 114 Minnesota ..........: 42 52 35 67 Mississippi ........: 230 150 90 60 Missouri ...........: 880 760 690 91 : Montana ............: 2,500 2,350 2,200 94 Nebraska ...........: 1,550 1,490 1,350 91 Nevada .............: 15 8 12 150 New Jersey .........: 33 27 25 93 New Mexico .........: 380 385 370 96 New York ...........: 120 120 130 108 North Carolina .....: 830 650 490 75 North Dakota .......: 870 200 140 70 Ohio ...............: 620 520 600 115 Oklahoma ...........: 5,300 5,300 5,000 94 : Oregon .............: 750 740 680 92 Pennsylvania .......: 185 195 190 97 South Carolina .....: 230 170 90 53 South Dakota .......: 1,210 1,420 1,150 81 Tennessee ..........: 530 455 440 97 Texas ..............: 6,000 6,000 5,000 83 Utah ...............: 120 115 115 100 Virginia ...........: 290 260 240 92 Washington .........: 1,700 1,650 1,700 103 West Virginia ......: 10 9 8 89 Wisconsin ..........: 295 230 290 126 Wyoming ............: 140 145 140 97 : United States ......: 42,409 39,461 36,216 92 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Includes area planted in preceding fall in Arizona and California] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arizona ............: 77 145 90 62 California .........: 40 65 60 92 Idaho ..............: 11 10 11 110 Montana ............: 435 620 630 102 North Dakota .......: 840 1,090 1,200 110 South Dakota .......: 4 6 4 67 : United States ......: 1,407 1,936 1,995 103 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Other Spring Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Colorado ...........: 9 8 6 75 Idaho ..............: 480 440 460 105 Minnesota ..........: 1,220 1,480 1,350 91 Montana ............: 3,050 2,550 2,100 82 Nevada .............: 6 4 6 150 North Dakota .......: 6,250 6,700 5,700 85 Oregon .............: 80 95 105 111 South Dakota .......: 1,300 1,330 1,130 85 Utah ...............: 10 10 11 110 Washington .........: 620 630 480 76 : United States ......: 13,025 13,247 11,348 86 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. All Hay Area Harvested - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 750 730 730 100 Arizona ............: 300 335 330 99 Arkansas ...........: 1,225 1,125 1,120 100 California .........: 1,345 1,180 1,160 98 Colorado ...........: 1,340 1,450 1,400 97 Connecticut ........: 53 53 55 104 Delaware ...........: 13 14 14 100 Florida ............: 320 290 300 103 Georgia ............: 580 570 570 100 Idaho ..............: 1,390 1,330 1,330 100 : Illinois ...........: 520 490 480 98 Indiana ............: 600 560 550 98 Iowa ...............: 1,155 1,160 1,200 103 Kansas .............: 2,300 2,450 2,400 98 Kentucky ...........: 2,265 2,370 2,400 101 Louisiana ..........: 470 430 400 93 Maine ..............: 150 135 135 100 Maryland ...........: 195 215 220 102 Massachusetts ......: 75 92 99 108 Michigan ...........: 980 970 930 96 : Minnesota ..........: 1,910 1,570 1,700 108 Mississippi ........: 600 680 700 103 Missouri ...........: 3,480 2,960 3,200 108 Montana ............: 2,730 2,500 2,500 100 Nebraska ...........: 2,580 2,700 2,700 100 Nevada .............: 430 320 310 97 New Hampshire ......: 54 48 48 100 New Jersey .........: 106 102 102 100 New Mexico .........: 305 280 260 93 New York ...........: 1,370 1,230 1,230 100 : North Carolina .....: 830 777 830 107 North Dakota .......: 2,700 2,750 2,800 102 Ohio ...............: 960 1,080 1,000 93 Oklahoma ...........: 3,590 3,020 2,800 93 Oregon .............: 1,030 1,060 1,100 104 Pennsylvania .......: 1,400 1,290 1,210 94 Rhode Island .......: 7 6 7 117 South Carolina .....: 270 300 290 97 South Dakota .......: 3,250 3,400 3,250 96 Tennessee ..........: 1,766 1,765 1,800 102 : Texas ..............: 5,440 4,730 4,750 100 Utah ...............: 680 670 680 101 Vermont ............: 185 145 145 100 Virginia ...........: 1,175 1,175 1,180 100 Washington .........: 870 750 720 96 West Virginia ......: 618 590 620 105 Wisconsin ..........: 1,640 1,510 1,500 99 Wyoming ............: 1,060 1,080 1,050 97 : United States ......: 57,062 54,437 54,305 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended area harvested in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Rice Area Planted by Class - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted Class and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Long grain : Arkansas ...........: 1,270 1,060 1,430 135 California .........: 4 7 7 100 Louisiana ..........: 396 355 410 115 Mississippi ........: 190 150 220 147 Missouri ...........: 210 175 200 114 Texas ..............: 141 127 185 146 : United States ......: 2,211 1,874 2,452 131 : Medium grain : Arkansas ...........: 215 245 150 61 California .........: 405 380 390 103 Louisiana ..........: 70 65 30 46 Mississippi ........: 1 - - (X) Missouri ...........: 6 7 7 100 Texas ..............: 9 6 4 67 : United States ......: 706 703 581 83 : Short grain : Arkansas ...........: 1 1 1 100 California 2/ ......: 36 36 30 83 : United States ......: 37 37 31 84 : All : Arkansas ...........: 1,486 1,306 1,581 121 California .........: 445 423 427 101 Louisiana ..........: 466 420 440 105 Mississippi ........: 191 150 220 147 Missouri ...........: 216 182 207 114 Texas ..............: 150 133 189 142 : United States ......: 2,954 2,614 3,064 117 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Includes sweet rice. Canola Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 35.0 28.0 25.0 89 Kansas 2/ ..........: (D) (D) 40.0 (D) Minnesota ..........: 15.0 23.0 24.0 104 Montana ............: 63.0 82.0 75.0 91 North Dakota .......: 1,200.0 1,410.0 1,450.0 103 Oklahoma ...........: 270.0 140.0 90.0 64 Oregon .............: 11.0 4.3 6.5 151 Washington .........: 51.0 37.0 37.0 100 : Other States 3/ ....: 70.0 52.7 - (X) : United States ......: 1,715.0 1,777.0 1,747.5 98 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Beginning in 2016, Kansas is published individually. 3/ For 2014 and 2015, Other States include Colorado and Kansas. Beginning in 2016, Other States is discontinued. Soybean Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 480 500 470 94 Arkansas ...........: 3,230 3,200 3,050 95 Delaware ...........: 185 175 165 94 Florida ............: 39 33 30 91 Georgia ............: 300 325 320 98 Illinois ...........: 9,800 9,800 10,000 102 Indiana ............: 5,450 5,550 5,550 100 Iowa ...............: 9,850 9,850 9,700 98 Kansas .............: 4,000 3,900 3,850 99 Kentucky ...........: 1,760 1,840 1,650 90 : Louisiana ..........: 1,410 1,430 1,150 80 Maryland ...........: 510 520 510 98 Michigan ...........: 2,050 2,030 2,100 103 Minnesota ..........: 7,350 7,600 7,400 97 Mississippi ........: 2,210 2,300 2,000 87 Missouri ...........: 5,650 4,550 5,500 121 Nebraska ...........: 5,400 5,300 5,300 100 New Jersey .........: 105 105 100 95 New York ...........: 330 305 315 103 North Carolina .....: 1,750 1,820 1,700 93 : North Dakota .......: 5,900 5,750 5,900 103 Ohio ...............: 4,700 4,750 4,650 98 Oklahoma ...........: 375 395 350 89 Pennsylvania .......: 570 580 590 102 South Carolina .....: 450 475 440 93 South Dakota .......: 5,150 5,150 5,000 97 Tennessee ..........: 1,640 1,750 1,650 94 Texas ..............: 155 130 190 146 Virginia ...........: 650 630 630 100 West Virginia ......: 27 27 26 96 Wisconsin ..........: 1,800 1,880 1,950 104 : United States ......: 83,276 82,650 82,236 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Peanut Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Alabama ............: 175.0 200.0 170.0 85 Arkansas 2/ ........: (NA) (NA) 18.0 (X) Florida ............: 175.0 190.0 150.0 79 Georgia ............: 600.0 785.0 730.0 93 Mississippi ........: 32.0 44.0 40.0 91 New Mexico .........: 4.5 5.0 5.0 100 North Carolina .....: 94.0 90.0 95.0 106 Oklahoma ...........: 12.0 10.0 9.0 90 South Carolina .....: 112.0 112.0 110.0 98 Texas ..............: 130.0 170.0 130.0 76 Virginia ...........: 19.0 19.0 19.0 100 : United States ......: 1,353.5 1,625.0 1,476.0 91 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates began in 2016. Sunflower Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Varietal type : Area planted and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Oil : California .........: 44.0 33.0 42.0 127 Colorado ...........: 35.0 60.0 40.0 67 Kansas .............: 45.0 57.0 45.0 79 Minnesota ..........: 47.0 77.0 75.0 97 Nebraska ...........: 27.0 29.0 27.0 93 North Dakota .......: 520.0 620.0 630.0 102 Oklahoma 2/ ........: 3.0 3.5 (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 410.0 580.0 530.0 91 Texas ..............: 43.0 91.0 55.0 60 : United States ......: 1,174.0 1,550.5 1,444.0 93 : Non-oil : California .........: 3.5 1.4 1.4 100 Colorado ...........: 11.5 13.0 9.0 69 Kansas .............: 18.0 27.0 13.0 48 Minnesota ..........: 15.0 24.0 21.0 88 Nebraska ...........: 11.0 20.0 17.0 85 North Dakota .......: 145.0 100.0 95.0 95 Oklahoma 2/ ........: 1.3 2.2 (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 125.0 99.0 75.0 76 Texas ..............: 61.0 22.0 18.0 82 : United States ......: 391.3 308.6 249.4 81 : All : California .........: 47.5 34.4 43.4 126 Colorado ...........: 46.5 73.0 49.0 67 Kansas .............: 63.0 84.0 58.0 69 Minnesota ..........: 62.0 101.0 96.0 95 Nebraska ...........: 38.0 49.0 44.0 90 North Dakota .......: 665.0 720.0 725.0 101 Oklahoma 2/ ........: 4.3 5.7 (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 535.0 679.0 605.0 89 Texas ..............: 104.0 113.0 73.0 65 : United States ......: 1,565.3 1,859.1 1,693.4 91 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. Flaxseed Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 acres --------------- percent : Minnesota 2/ .......: 2 3 (NA) (X) Montana ............: 28 31 38 123 North Dakota .......: 275 410 340 83 South Dakota .......: 6 19 12 63 : United States ......: 311 463 390 84 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. Cotton Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted Type and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------ 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Upland : Alabama ............: 350.0 315.0 320.0 102 Arizona ............: 150.0 89.0 115.0 129 Arkansas ...........: 335.0 210.0 330.0 157 California .........: 57.0 47.0 45.0 96 Florida ............: 107.0 85.0 90.0 106 Georgia ............: 1,380.0 1,130.0 1,150.0 102 Kansas .............: 31.0 16.0 22.0 138 Louisiana ..........: 170.0 115.0 150.0 130 Mississippi ........: 425.0 320.0 450.0 141 Missouri ...........: 250.0 185.0 270.0 146 : New Mexico .........: 43.0 35.0 40.0 114 North Carolina .....: 465.0 385.0 290.0 75 Oklahoma ...........: 240.0 215.0 270.0 126 South Carolina .....: 280.0 235.0 190.0 81 Tennessee ..........: 275.0 155.0 235.0 152 Texas ..............: 6,200.0 4,800.0 5,300.0 110 Virginia ...........: 87.0 85.0 80.0 94 : United States ......: 10,845.0 8,422.0 9,347.0 111 : American Pima : Arizona ............: 15.0 17.5 20.0 114 California .........: 155.0 117.0 165.0 141 New Mexico .........: 5.4 7.0 8.0 114 Texas ..............: 17.0 17.0 22.0 129 : United States ......: 192.4 158.5 215.0 136 : All : Alabama ............: 350.0 315.0 320.0 102 Arizona ............: 165.0 106.5 135.0 127 Arkansas ...........: 335.0 210.0 330.0 157 California .........: 212.0 164.0 210.0 128 Florida ............: 107.0 85.0 90.0 106 Georgia ............: 1,380.0 1,130.0 1,150.0 102 Kansas .............: 31.0 16.0 22.0 138 Louisiana ..........: 170.0 115.0 150.0 130 Mississippi ........: 425.0 320.0 450.0 141 Missouri ...........: 250.0 185.0 270.0 146 : New Mexico .........: 48.4 42.0 48.0 114 North Carolina .....: 465.0 385.0 290.0 75 Oklahoma ...........: 240.0 215.0 270.0 126 South Carolina .....: 280.0 235.0 190.0 81 Tennessee ..........: 275.0 155.0 235.0 152 Texas ..............: 6,217.0 4,817.0 5,322.0 110 Virginia ...........: 87.0 85.0 80.0 94 : United States ......: 11,037.4 8,580.5 9,562.0 111 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Sugarbeet Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : California 2/ ......: 24.3 25.0 25.0 100 Colorado ...........: 29.6 27.5 32.8 119 Idaho ..............: 170.0 171.0 174.0 102 Michigan ...........: 151.0 152.0 151.0 99 Minnesota ..........: 440.0 443.0 444.0 100 Montana ............: 45.1 44.1 42.0 95 Nebraska ...........: 49.1 47.5 40.8 86 North Dakota .......: 215.0 208.0 210.0 101 Oregon .............: 7.5 9.2 7.0 76 Washington 3/ ......: (NA) (NA) 2.0 (X) Wyoming ............: 30.9 31.5 30.0 95 : United States ......: 1,162.5 1,158.8 1,158.6 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from processors. 2/ Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern California. 3/ Estimates began in 2016. Tobacco Area Harvested - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------------- acres -------------------- percent : Connecticut 2/ .....: (D) (D) (NA) (X) Georgia ............: 15,000 13,500 13,500 100 Kentucky ...........: 91,700 72,900 75,700 104 Massachusetts 2/ ...: (D) (D) (NA) (X) North Carolina .....: 193,400 171,000 160,950 94 Ohio 2/ ............: 2,000 1,900 (NA) (X) Pennsylvania .......: 9,100 7,900 7,000 89 South Carolina .....: 15,800 13,000 14,500 112 Tennessee ..........: 24,250 20,800 20,350 98 Virginia ...........: 24,330 23,050 22,450 97 : Other States 3/ ....: 2,780 2,500 - (X) : United States ......: 378,360 326,550 314,450 96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended area harvested in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 3/ Includes data withheld above. Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested Class, type, and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- acres --------------- percent : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ................................: 15,000 13,500 13,500 100 North Carolina .........................: 192,000 170,000 160,000 94 South Carolina .........................: 15,800 13,000 14,500 112 Virginia ...............................: 22,500 21,500 21,000 98 : United States ..........................: 245,300 218,000 209,000 96 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 10,700 9,900 10,000 101 Tennessee ..............................: 7,600 7,600 7,100 93 Virginia ...............................: 330 250 250 100 : United States ..........................: 18,630 17,750 17,350 98 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 76,000 58,000 61,000 105 North Carolina .......................: 1,400 1,000 950 95 Ohio 2/ ..............................: 2,000 1,900 (NA) (X) Pennsylvania .........................: 5,100 4,700 4,000 85 Tennessee ............................: 15,500 12,000 12,000 100 Virginia .............................: 1,500 1,300 1,200 92 : United States ........................: 101,500 78,900 79,150 100 : Type 32, Southern Maryland : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,000 1,600 1,600 100 : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 103,500 80,500 80,750 100 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 5,000 5,000 4,700 94 Tennessee ..............................: 1,150 1,200 1,250 104 : United States ..........................: 6,150 6,200 5,950 96 : Class 4, Cigar filler : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,000 1,600 1,400 88 : Class 5, Cigar binder : Type 51, Connecticut Valley Broadleaf : Connecticut 2/ .......................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) Massachusetts 2/ .....................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) : United States 2/ .....................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) : Class 6, Cigar wrapper : Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown : Connecticut 2/ .......................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) Massachusetts 2/ .....................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) : United States 2/ .....................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) : Other cigar types (51-61) ........... : 2,780 2,500 (NA) (X) : Total cigar types (41-61) 3/ ........ : 4,780 4,100 1,400 34 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 378,360 326,550 314,450 96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended area harvested in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 3/ Beginning in 2016, estimates only include Class 4 Cigar filler. Dry Edible Bean Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Excludes beans grown for garden seed] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Arizona 2/ .........: 11.0 9.1 (NA) (X) California .........: 48.0 45.0 39.0 87 Colorado ...........: 46.0 50.0 55.0 110 Idaho ..............: 125.0 120.0 120.0 100 Kansas 2/ ..........: 7.5 8.0 (NA) (X) Michigan ...........: 230.0 275.0 215.0 78 Minnesota ..........: 155.0 190.0 155.0 82 Montana ............: 37.5 49.0 80.0 163 Nebraska ...........: 170.0 140.0 115.0 82 New Mexico 2/ ......: 10.5 12.9 (NA) (X) : New York 2/ ........: 8.0 8.0 (NA) (X) North Dakota .......: 630.0 655.0 590.0 90 Oregon 2/ ..........: 8.5 9.0 (NA) (X) South Dakota 2/ ...: 14.0 12.5 (NA) (X) Texas ..............: 23.0 31.0 30.0 97 Washington .........: 127.7 110.0 120.0 109 Wisconsin 2/ ......: 7.9 7.9 (NA) (X) Wyoming ............: 42.0 32.0 40.0 125 : United States ......: 1,701.6 1,764.4 1,559.0 88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. Chickpea (Garbanzo Bean) Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 [Chickpea acres included with dry bean acres] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted Size and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Small chickpeas 2/ : Idaho ..................................: 29.0 32.0 30.0 94 Montana ................................: (D) (D) 18.0 (D) North Dakota ...........................: 2.0 5.0 5.0 100 Oregon 3/ ..............................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) South Dakota 3/ ........................: (D) - (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 22.0 20.0 30.0 150 : Other States 4/ ........................: 13.8 15.2 - (X) : United States ..........................: 66.8 72.2 83.0 115 : Large chickpeas 5/ : California .............................: 9.3 7.7 7.0 91 Idaho ..................................: 45.0 38.0 40.0 105 Montana ................................: (D) (D) 50.0 (D) Nebraska 3/ ............................: - 0.2 (NA) (X) North Dakota ...........................: 4.4 2.4 6.0 250 Oregon 3/ ..............................: (D) (D) (NA) (X) South Dakota 3/ ........................: (D) 3.2 (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 68.0 55.0 60.0 109 : Other States 4/ ........................: 21.6 28.8 - (X) : United States ..........................: 148.3 135.3 163.0 120 : All chickpeas (Garbanzo) : California .............................: 9.3 7.7 7.0 91 Idaho ..................................: 74.0 70.0 70.0 100 Montana ................................: 31.5 43.0 68.0 158 Nebraska 3/ ............................: - 0.2 (NA) (X) North Dakota ...........................: 6.4 7.4 11.0 149 Oregon 3/ ..............................: 1.1 1.0 (NA) (X) South Dakota 3/ ........................: 2.8 3.2 (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 90.0 75.0 90.0 120 : United States ..........................: 215.1 207.5 246.0 119 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Chickpeas (or Garbanzo beans) smaller than 20/64 inches. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 4/ Includes data withheld above. 5/ Chickpeas (or Garbanzo beans) larger than 20/64 inches. Lentil Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 25.0 33.0 40.0 121 Montana ............: 130.0 235.0 500.0 213 North Dakota .......: 75.0 165.0 240.0 145 Washington .........: 51.0 60.0 70.0 117 : United States ......: 281.0 493.0 850.0 172 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Dry Edible Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 46.0 51.0 40.0 78 Montana ............: 525.0 595.0 580.0 97 Nebraska 2/ ........: (NA) (NA) 50.0 (X) North Dakota .......: 265.0 385.0 640.0 166 Oregon .............: 9.0 7.0 8.0 114 South Dakota 2/ ....: (NA) (NA) 25.0 (X) Washington .........: 90.0 105.0 80.0 76 : United States ......: 935.0 1,143.0 1,423.0 124 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates began in 2016. Austrian Winter Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres --------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 9.0 13.0 14.0 108 Montana ............: 12.0 15.0 11.0 73 Oregon .............: 3.0 6.0 6.0 100 : United States ......: 24.0 34.0 31.0 91 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. Spring Potato Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arizona 2/ .........: 3.8 3.6 (NA) (X) California .........: 25.0 23.0 26.0 113 Florida ............: 30.5 30.0 29.0 97 North Carolina 3/ ..: 14.5 13.5 (NA) (X) : United States ......: 73.8 70.1 55.0 78 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 3/ Beginning in 2016, North Carolina estimates included with summer states. Sweet Potato Area Planted - States and United States: 2014-2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama 2/ .........: 2.1 2.6 (NA) (X) Arkansas ...........: 4.0 4.0 (D) (D) California .........: 19.0 18.5 20.0 108 Florida ............: 6.0 5.6 (D) (D) Louisiana ..........: 9.0 10.0 10.0 100 Mississippi ........: 22.0 27.0 25.0 93 New Jersey 2/ ......: 1.2 1.2 (NA) (X) North Carolina .....: 73.0 87.0 105.0 121 Texas 2/ ...........: 1.0 1.0 (NA) (X) : Other States 3/ ....: - - 9.4 (X) : United States ......: 137.3 156.9 169.4 108 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2016 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2016. 3/ Includes data withheld above. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3,558 3,140 3,109 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 87,999 93,601 80,749 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,221 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 54,437 54,305 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) 17,778 All other ............................: (NA) 36,659 Oats ...................................: 3,088 2,751 1,276 Proso millet ...........................: 445 418 Rice ...................................: 2,614 3,064 2,575 Rye ....................................: 1,569 360 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 8,459 7,216 7,851 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 306 Wheat, all .............................: 54,644 49,559 47,094 Winter ...............................: 39,461 36,216 32,257 Durum ................................: 1,936 1,995 1,896 Other spring .........................: 13,247 11,348 12,941 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1,777.0 1,747.5 1,714.5 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 463 390 456 Mustard seed ...........................: 44.0 40.1 Peanuts ................................: 1,625.0 1,476.0 1,567.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.2 1.1 Safflower ..............................: 168.2 159.1 Soybeans for beans .....................: 82,650 82,236 81,814 Sunflower ..............................: 1,859.1 1,693.4 1,799.4 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 8,580.5 9,562.0 8,057.9 Upland ...............................: 8,422.0 9,347.0 7,903.0 American Pima ........................: 158.5 215.0 154.9 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,158.8 1,158.6 1,144.3 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) 891.7 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 326.6 314.5 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 34.0 31.0 21.0 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,764.4 1,559.0 1,711.4 Chickpeas, all 3/ ....................: 207.5 246.0 203.1 Large ...............................: 135.3 163.0 131.2 Small ...............................: 72.2 83.0 71.9 Dry edible peas ........................: 1,143.0 1,423.0 1,083.5 Lentils ................................: 493.0 850.0 476.0 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) 43.6 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 65.2 Potatoes, all ..........................: 1,065.2 1,053.3 Spring ...............................: 70.1 55.0 68.5 Summer ...............................: 50.5 47.1 Fall .................................: 944.6 937.7 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 27.2 Sweet potatoes .........................: 156.9 169.4 153.1 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: (NA) 0.3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production Crop :---------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 ----- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 68.9 214,297 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 168.4 13,601,198 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.4 126,894 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.47 134,388 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.32 58,974 All other ........................tons: 2.06 75,414 Oats ............................bushels: 70.2 89,535 Proso millet ....................bushels: 33.9 14,159 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,470 192,343 Rye .............................bushels: 31.9 11,496 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 76.0 596,751 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 14.6 4,475 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 43.6 2,051,752 Winter ........................bushels: 42.5 1,370,188 Durum .........................bushels: 43.5 82,484 Other spring ..................bushels: 46.3 599,080 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,677 2,875,010 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 4,153.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 22.1 10,095 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 671 26,927 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,963 6,210,590 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,382 1,520 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,347 214,251 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 48.0 3,929,160 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,625 2,923,730 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 771 12,943.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 760 12,508.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,348 435.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 30.8 35,278 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 37.3 33,244 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,178 711,236 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas 2/ .............cwt: 1,238 260 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,760 30,121 Chickpeas, all 2/ 3/ ..............cwt: 1,242 2,523 Large 2/ .........................cwt: 1,231 1,615 Small 2/ .........................cwt: 1,263 908 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,687 18,283 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,108 5,276 Wrinkled seed peas ..................cwt: (NA) 384 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,807 78,846.0 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) 3,414 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 952,619 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 90 5,882 Potatoes, all .......................cwt: 418 440,498 Spring ............................cwt: 296 20,251 Summer ............................cwt: 334 15,734 Fall ..............................cwt: 431 404,513 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 113 3,070 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 203 31,016 Taro (Hawaii) ....................pounds: 10,300 3,502 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. 3/ Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,439,890 1,270,730 1,258,180 Corn for grain 1/ ..............:35,612,320 37,879,390 32,678,310 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,517,580 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 22,030,110 21,976,690 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 7,194,580 All other ....................: (NA) 14,835,530 Oats ...........................: 1,249,680 1,113,300 516,380 Proso millet ...................: 180,090 169,160 Rice ...........................: 1,057,860 1,239,970 1,042,080 Rye ............................: 634,960 145,690 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 3,423,270 2,920,240 3,177,220 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 123,840 Wheat, all 2/ ..................:22,113,880 20,056,030 19,058,470 Winter .......................:15,969,470 14,656,250 13,054,090 Durum ........................: 783,480 807,360 767,290 Other spring .................: 5,360,930 4,592,420 5,237,090 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 719,130 707,200 693,840 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 187,370 157,830 184,540 Mustard seed ...................: 17,810 16,230 Peanuts ........................: 657,620 597,320 634,150 Rapeseed .......................: 490 450 Safflower ......................: 68,070 64,390 Soybeans for beans .............:33,447,630 33,280,090 33,109,310 Sunflower ......................: 752,360 685,300 728,200 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 3,472,440 3,869,650 3,260,950 Upland .......................: 3,408,300 3,782,640 3,198,270 American Pima ................: 64,140 87,010 62,690 Sugarbeets .....................: 468,950 468,870 463,090 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 360,860 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 132,150 127,250 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...........: 13,760 12,550 8,500 Dry edible beans ...............: 714,040 630,910 692,590 Chickpeas 3/ .................: 83,970 99,550 82,190 Large .......................: 54,750 65,960 53,100 Small .......................: 29,220 33,590 29,100 Dry edible peas ................: 462,560 575,870 438,480 Lentils ........................: 199,510 343,990 192,630 Wrinkled seed peas .............: (NA) (NA) : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) 17,660 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 26,390 Potatoes, all 2/ ...............: 431,080 426,260 Spring .......................: 28,370 22,260 27,720 Summer .......................: 20,440 19,060 Fall .........................: 382,270 379,480 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 11,010 Sweet potatoes .................: 63,500 68,550 61,960 Taro (Hawaii) ..................: (NA) 140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3.71 4,665,770 Corn for grain .........................: 10.57 345,486,340 Corn for silage ........................: 45.73 115,116,300 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.53 121,914,740 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.44 53,500,310 All other ............................: 4.61 68,414,430 Oats ...................................: 2.52 1,299,600 Proso millet ...........................: 1.90 321,120 Rice ...................................: 8.37 8,724,530 Rye ....................................: 2.00 292,010 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.77 15,158,170 Sorghum for silage .....................: 32.78 4,059,650 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 2.93 55,839,540 Winter ...............................: 2.86 37,290,410 Durum ................................: 2.93 2,244,850 Other spring .........................: 3.11 16,304,290 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1.88 1,304,080 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 3,767,540 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.39 256,420 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.75 12,210 Peanuts ................................: 4.44 2,817,080 Rapeseed ...............................: 1.55 690 Safflower ..............................: 1.51 97,180 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.23 106,934,210 Sunflower ..............................: 1.82 1,326,180 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.86 2,818,010 Upland ...............................: 0.85 2,723,300 American Pima ........................: 1.51 94,710 Sugarbeets .............................: 69.11 32,003,660 Sugarcane ..............................: 83.57 30,158,450 Tobacco ................................: 2.44 322,610 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Austrian winter peas ...................: 1.39 11,790 Dry edible beans .......................: 1.97 1,366,270 Chickpeas, all 3/ ....................: 1.39 114,440 Large ...............................: 1.38 73,260 Small ...............................: 1.42 41,190 Dry edible peas ........................: 1.89 829,300 Lentils ................................: 1.24 239,320 Wrinkled seed peas .....................: (NA) 17,420 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.03 35,760 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) 17,070 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 432,100 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 2,670 Potatoes, all 2/ .......................: 46.87 19,980,650 Spring ...............................: 33.14 918,570 Summer ...............................: 37.44 713,680 Fall .................................: 48.35 18,348,400 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.13 1,390 Sweet potatoes .........................: 22.71 1,406,860 Taro (Hawaii) ..........................: 11.55 1,590 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. 3/ Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. Winter Weather Summary Highlights: A strong El Niņo brought some widely expected winter weather impacts to the United States, but also provided some surprises. For example, atmospheric warmth in part supplied by the balmy central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean contributed to the Nation's warmest December-February period on record. Similarly, the contiguous United States experienced its wettest winter since the record-setting El Niņo of 1997-98. However, El Niņo's impacts on the Western winter wet season were somewhat reversed, with wetter conditions in the Pacific Northwest and drier weather in the Southwest. In addition, uncharacteristically wet conditions affected much of the Midwest, especially in December. The cool conditions that often cover the South during El Niņo were present only periodically, mainly in January and February. In fact, December seemed like anything but a winter month, ranking first all-time for both United States warmth and wetness. The wet conditions peaked in late December, culminating in record flooding in parts of the middle Mississippi Valley. Despite the overall December warmth, a late-month blizzard on the southern High Plains proved devastating for livestock. Elsewhere, storms during December and January provided Western drought relief. Although many of January's storms were focused across the West, several had impacts farther east. For example, a blizzard struck the Mid-Atlantic States on January 22-23, with significant snow extending as far west as the interior Southeast. Warmth returned to nearly all of the United States during February, while storminess largely vacated the West. Despite the lack of late-winter storms in the West, overall United States drought coverage plunged from more than one-third (34.8 percent) of the Lower 48 States on October 20, 2015, to approximately one-seventh (14.3 percent) of the Country on March 1, 2016. Historical Perspective: Given the warming influence of El Niņo and the lack of sustained cold waves, it was not surprisingly the warmest United States winter during the period of record that began in 1895-96. According to preliminary information provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), the Nation's winter average temperature of 36.8°F was 4.6°F above the 1901-2000 mean, edging the 1999-2000 standard of 36.5°F. It was the warmest winter on record in all six New England States, and among the ten warmest in 28 other States. All 48 States were in the "warm" half of the historical distribution; Nevada and Utah were the "coolest" States, each reporting its 41st warmest winter. Meanwhile, the Nation experienced its 12th-wettest winter-and wettest December-February period since the record-wet El Niņo winter of 1997-98. December-February precipitation averaged 8.05 inches across the Lower 48 States, 119 percent of normal. It was the 39th-driest winter in Louisiana and Wyoming, but among the ten wettest winters in Washington, Nebraska, three Midwestern States, and four Southeastern States. December: Record-setting December warmth covered much of the Midwest and East, while heavy to record-setting precipitation fell across the Northwest, mid-South, and upper Midwest. Relentless precipitation further eased or eradicated Northwestern drought, but southern California and the Desert Southwest received little December moisture. Farther east, an already wet pattern in the Nation's mid-section culminated in a late-month deluge that drove the Mississippi River to record-high levels from Cape Girardeau, Missouri, to Thebes, Illinois. Record-breaking crests were also noted along several Mississippi River tributaries, especially in Missouri. The wetness across the mid-South and lower Midwest increased concerns about soft red winter wheat due to standing water and lowland flooding. During December, the portion of Illinois' winter wheat rated in good to excellent condition fell from 67 to 58 percent. Excessively wet conditions also plagued parts of the Southeast, hampering final harvest and winter wheat planting efforts. In North Carolina, only 42 percent of the winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at the end of December, down from 69 percent on November 29. Unusual warmth accompanied the general wetness across the eastern half of the Country. In the Southeast, warm conditions allowed winter grains and cool-season pastures to continue to develop. Farther north, periods of snow blanketed the upper Midwest, despite above-normal temperatures. Occasional snow also fell across the Plains, providing winter wheat with some moisture and insulation. On the southern High Plains, however, a late-month blizzard caused significant livestock losses due to bitter cold and wind-driven snow. According to NCEI, the contiguous United States experienced unprecedented December warmth and wetness. The Nation's monthly average temperature of 38.6°F was 6.0°F above the 1901-2000 mean and easily topped the December 1939 standard of 37.7°F. It was the warmest December on record in Iowa, Minnesota, and Missouri, along with every State east of the Mississippi River. Meanwhile, December precipitation averaged 3.93 inches, 167 percent of normal. Another El Niņo-influenced December, 1982, slipped to second place on the all-time list with 3.76 inches. Two States, Iowa and Wisconsin, weathered their wettest December, and it was among the ten wettest in eighteen other States stretching from Washington and Oregon to the Carolinas and Georgia. January: Frequent storms, in part fueled by a strong El Niņo, further dented Western drought and maintained generally adequate to locally excessive soil moisture across the central and eastern United States. In early January and again at month's end, a southward shift in the storm track brought significant precipitation to southern California and the Southwest. For the remainder of January, storms primarily crossed the Northwest, with meaningful precipitation often falling as far south as northern and central California. By the end of January, the average water content of the high-elevation Sierra Nevada snowpack stood at 20 inches, about 115 percent of average for the date. Meanwhile, wet weather in southern Florida resulted in numerous January rainfall records and adversely affected winter vegetables and other crops. At times, high winds accompanied southern Florida's heavy rain. Farther north, a major winter storm on January 22-23 produced freezing rain in parts of the Carolinas and heavy snow from the interior Southeast to the northern Mid-Atlantic States. Some of the coldest air of the season trailed the storm into the Southeast from January 23-25, although Florida's citrus belt escaped without a significant freeze. Elsewhere, near- to above-normal temperatures dominated the Country during January, with colder-than-normal conditions mostly limited to the Southeast and areas blanketed by the January 22-23 snowfall. Amid the overall stormy January pattern, a few areas began to turn dry. However, drier-than-normal January conditions across the southern Plains, mid-south, and parts of the Southeast were mostly favorable, following the excessive rainfall and flooding of October-December 2015. At the end of January, USDA categorized more than two-thirds of the winter wheat in good to excellent condition in several major production States, including Oklahoma (74 percent good to excellent); Ohio (74 percent); Michigan (73 percent); Montana (72 percent); Indiana (71 percent); and South Dakota (67 percent). In contrast, North Carolina's wheat continued to struggle from the effects of autumn wetness and delayed planting; only 36 percent of the State's crop was rated good to excellent on January 31. By February 2, the United States drought coverage of 15.5 percent represented the smallest area drought extent since October 26, 2010. As recently as October 20, 2015, contiguous United States drought coverage stood at 34.8 percent. In January, most of the remaining Western drought was only apparent when looking at long-term indicators such as below-average reservoir storage, groundwater shortages, and tree mortality. According to NCEI, the contiguous United States experienced its 34th-warmest, and 36th-driest January during the 122-year period of record. The Nation's monthly average temperature of 32.2°F was 2.1°F above the 1901-2000 mean. State temperature rankings ranged from the 33rd-coolest January in West Virginia to the 11th-warmest January in Maine. Meanwhile, January precipitation averaged 2.03 inches, 88 percent of normal. However, Florida's precipitation averaged 5.96 inches, 201 percent of normal, marking its fourth-wettest January. California (6.16 inches, 145 percent of normal) experienced its wettest January since 2010. It was also California's wettest October-January period (13.62 inches; 117 percent of normal) since 2009-10. In contrast, Ohio noted its ninth-driest January. February: For the second time in 3 months, warmth stretched nearly coast to coast, with only small sections of the southern Atlantic States experiencing cooler-than-normal weather. Unlike December, when unprecedented warmth covered areas from the Mississippi Valley to the East Coast, February's record-setting high temperatures were focused across the Plains. As a result, winter wheat prematurely broke dormancy across the central and southern Plains, leaving the crop vulnerable to potential spring freezes. On the northern Plains, where February temperatures averaged more than 10°F above normal in some locations, wheat lost some winter hardiness and was often buffeted by breezy conditions. The Plains' most impressive warm spells peaked on February 18 and 27, with numerous monthly record highs established on both dates. During February, the portion of the winter wheat crop rated in good to excellent condition declined in Texas, from 49 to 40 percent, in part due to short-term dryness. Pockets of dryness also developed elsewhere across the southern half of the Plains. In contrast, early-month snowfall provided wheat with beneficial moisture across much of Nebraska, eastern Colorado, and northwestern Kansas. Uncharacteristic of a strong, mature El Niņo, February was unusually dry across much of the West. During February, the average water content of the high-elevation Sierra Nevada snowpack was nearly steady at 20 to 22 inches, with only minor storms affecting key watersheds. Since February is typically an important month for Sierra Nevada snowpack accumulation, the percent of historic average dropped from about 115 percent of average on February 1 to just 85 percent by month's end. Farther north, occasional precipitation benefited Northwestern winter grains. Meanwhile, mild, occasionally stormy conditions prevailed across the Midwest, although a mid-month cold snap briefly resulted in some of the coldest weather of the season. Overwintering conditions remained mostly favorable for Midwestern wheat, with more than two-thirds of the crop rated in good to excellent condition at the end of February in Ohio (72 percent) and Indiana (67 percent). Similarly, the mid-month cold spell interrupted an otherwise mild regime in the Northeast, while cool conditions were a little more persistent in the Southeast. An abundance of precipitation fell during February across most of the eastern one-third of the Country, with some of the heaviest rain occurring in the coastal Carolinas. Severe weather outbreaks were noted across portions of the South and East on February 2-3, 15-16, and 23-24. From the Ohio Valley into the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic States, some of the precipitation-especially around mid-month-fell as snow, sleet, or freezing rain. By February 29, only one-eighth (12.5 percent) of the Country was covered by snow, compared to 60.2 percent at the end of February 2015. At the same time, just 14.3 percent of the Nation was experiencing drought on March 1, according to the United States Drought Monitor. Drought coverage across the contiguous United States had not been lower in more than 5 years, since October 2010. According to NCEI, the contiguous United States experienced its seventh-warmest, 46th-driest February during the 122-year period of record. The Nation's monthly average temperature of 39.5°F was 5.7°F above the 1901-2000 mean, while the average precipitation of 1.93 inches was 91 percent of normal. Overall, it was the Nation's warmest February since 2000. All States reported a February average temperature in the upper (warm) half of the historical distribution. For a dozen States across the western and central United States, as well as three States in New England, temperatures were among the ten highest respective February values on record. In Montana, where the monthly average temperature of 33.6°F was 12.3°F above the 20th century mean, it was the second-warmest February behind 1991. Meanwhile, State precipitation rankings ranged from the 14th-driest February in California to top-ten values for February wetness in New Hampshire, New York, Maine, and Vermont. California's monthly precipitation averaged 1.14 inches, just 30 percent of normal. Crop Comments Corn: Growers intend to plant 93.6 million acres of corn for all purposes in 2016, up 6 percent from last year and up 3 percent from 2014. If realized, this will be the third highest planted acreage in the United States since 1944. Compared with last year, planted acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 41 of the 48 estimating States. The increase in planted acres is mainly due to the expectation of higher returns in 2016 compared with other crops. Acreage increases of 400,000 or more compared with last year are expected in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, and North Dakota. Sorghum: Growers intend to plant 7.22 million acres of sorghum for all purposes in 2016, down 15 percent from last year. Kansas and Texas, the leading sorghum producing States, account for 74 percent of the expected United States acreage. As of March 20, Texas growers had planted 22 percent of their expected acreage, 16 percentage points ahead of last year but identical to the five-year average. Oats: Area seeded to oats for the 2016 crop year is estimated at 2.75 million acres, down 11 percent from 2015. If realized, United States planted acres will be the third lowest on record. Record low planted acreage is estimated in Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wyoming. Barley: Producers intend to seed 3.14 million acres of barley for the 2016 crop year, down 12 percent from the previous year. If realized, this will be the fourth smallest seeded area on record. In Montana, the planted area is expected to be up 4 percent from 2015. In North Dakota, planted acreage is expected to decrease by 29 percent from last year. Winter wheat: The 2016 winter wheat planted area is estimated at 36.2 million acres, down 8 percent from 2015 and down 1 percent from the previous estimate. States with notable acreage decreases from the previous year are Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Texas, while notable increases occurred in the Great Lakes region. Record low acreage is estimated for Nebraska, New Jersey, and Utah. Of the total acreage, about 26.2 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 6.60 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.37 million acres are White Winter. Durum wheat: Area seeded to Durum wheat for 2016 is estimated at 2.00 million acres, up 3 percent from 2015. Planted acreage is expected to increase in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. If realized, planted acres will tie a record low in South Dakota. Other spring wheat: Growers intend to plant 11.3 million acres, down 14 percent from 2015. If realized, this will represent the lowest United States acreage since 1972. Of the total, about 10.7 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Compared with last year, acreage increases are expected in Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Utah. Acreage decreases are expected in Colorado, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Washington. If realized, planted acres will be a record low in Colorado. Rice: Area planted to rice in 2016 is expected to total 3.06 million acres, up 17 percent from 2015. Lower prices for competing commodities is contributing to the expected increase in rice acres compared with last year. The expected acres planted to long grain rice in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas account for the increase in both long grain and all rice planted acres. Arkansas, the largest long grain producing State, is expected to increase long grain acres by 35 percent. Medium and short grain acres are expected to decline by 17 and 16 percent, respectively from 2015. California, the largest medium and short grain producing State, is expected to increase medium grain acres by 3 percent in 2016. Hay: Producers intend to harvest 54.3 million acres of all hay in 2016, down slightly from 2015. Harvested area of all hay is expected to hold steady or decline in all Western States, except Oregon and Utah. Increases in harvested acreage are expected in many Upper and Middle Mississippi Valley, Tennessee Valley, and Mid-Atlantic States. In the Northeast, several States expect harvested acreage to remain unchanged from last year. A record low for all hay harvested area is expected in California, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Wisconsin in 2016. Soybeans: Growers intend to plant 82.2 million acres in 2016, down less than 1 percent from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage intentions are down or unchanged in 23 of the 31 estimating States. Decreases of 200,000 acres or more are anticipated in Louisiana, Minnesota, and Mississippi. Compared with last year, the largest increase in acreage is expected in Missouri. If realized, the planted area in North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin will be the largest on record. Peanuts: Growers intend to plant 1.48 million acres in 2016, down 9 percent from the previous year. The expected decrease in planted area is largely driven by price concerns due to the large supply of peanuts. Over the last two years, growers increased peanut acres in many States due to relatively low prices of other crops creating a large supply going into the 2016 crop year. In Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State, expected planted area is down 7 percent from 2015. Sunflower: Growers intend to plant a total of 1.69 million acres in 2016, down 9 percent from last year. If realized, planted area for the Nation will be the fourth lowest since 1977. Area intended for oil type varieties, at 1.44 million acres, is down 7 percent from 2015. The area intended for non-oil varieties, estimated at 249,400 acres, is down 19 percent from last year and will be the lowest since 1987, if realized. Compared with last year, growers in six of the eight major sunflower-producing States expect a decline in sunflower acreage this year. Producers in South Dakota, the leading sunflower-producing State, intend to plant 605,000 acres, down more than 70,000 acres from last year. Canola: Producers intend to plant 1.75 million acres in 2016, down 2 percent from 2015. Despite the decline, planted area in the United States will be the third largest on record, if realized. Compared with last year, planted area is expected to decrease in three of the major canola-producing States, with acreage in Oklahoma expected to decrease 50,000 acres from the previous year. Producers in North Dakota, the leading canola-producing State, intend to plant 1.45 million acres this year, an increase of 40,000 acres from 2015. Flaxseed: Producers intend to plant 390,000 acres of flaxseed in 2016, down 73,000 acres, or 16 percent less than was planted in 2015. Acreage in North Dakota, the largest flaxseed-producing State, is down 17 percent or 70,000 acres from the previous year. Cotton: Growers intend to plant 9.56 million acres in 2016, up 11 percent from last year. Despite the expected increase, if realized, this will be the seventh lowest planted acreage on record in the United States. Upland area is expected to total 9.35 million acres, up 11 percent from 2015. American Pima area is expected to total 215,000 acres, up 36 percent from 2015. Growers in all States except North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia are expected to increase planted acreage from last year. If realized, upland cotton planted area in California for 2016 will be a record low. Sugarbeets: Area expected to be planted to sugarbeets for the 2016 crop year is estimated at 1.16 million acres, virtually unchanged from 2015. Intended plantings are below the previous year in five of the eleven estimating States and above in three States. Tobacco: United States all tobacco area for harvest in 2016 is expected to be 314,450 acres, down 4 percent from 2015. Flue-cured tobacco, at 209,000 acres, is 4 percent below 2015 and accounts for 66 percent of this year's total tobacco acreage. Total light air-cured tobacco type area, at 80,750 acres, is virtually unchanged from 2015. Burley tobacco, at 79,150 acres, is up slightly from last year. Fire-cured tobacco, at 17,350 acres, is down 2 percent from 2015. Dark air- cured tobacco, at 5,950 acres, is 4 percent below last year. Cigar filler tobacco, at 1,400 acres is down 13 percent from the previous year. Spring potatoes: Area planted to spring potatoes is expected to be 55,000 acres for the 2016 season, down 22 percent from 2015. Beginning with the 2016 season, Arizona was removed from the spring potato estimating program, and North Carolina was moved to the summer potato estimating program. Sweet potatoes: Planted area of sweet potatoes in 2016 is expected to be 169,400 acres, up 8 percent from the previous year. January ending temperatures were above the norm in Mississippi. Rainy conditions during February and March either halted any field preparation, or made it sporadic at best. North Carolina's February topsoil moisture was rated 46 percent adequate and 54 percent surplus making it difficult to progress with field preparation. Dry beans: Area planted to dry beans in 2016 is expected to be 1.56 million acres, down 12 percent from the previous season. Expected area planted for all chickpeas is 246,000 acres, up 19 percent from last season. Small chickpeas, at 83,000 acres, is 15 percent above 2015, while large chickpeas, at 163,000 acres, increased 20 percent from the previous year. If realized, both small and all chickpea acreage will be a record high. Strong prices and demand have encouraged farmers to increase chickpea area. Six of the 11 estimating States expect a decrease in planted acres from last year. The top four producing States in 2015, which included Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, and North Dakota, are expecting lower acreage than a year ago. Lentils: Area planted for the 2016 crop year is expected to total 850,000 acres, up 72 percent from 2015. Prospective plantings are up in all program States which includes Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, and Washington. Montana's anticipated area is up 113 percent from 2015, while North Dakota growers expect to plant 45 percent more acres than a year ago. If realized, planted acreage will be record high in Montana and the United States. Strong prices and demand have been reported. Dry edible peas: Area planted for the 2016 crop year is expected to total 1.42 million acres, up 24 percent from 2015. If realized, this will be a record high planted area. Prospective plantings are up in North Dakota and Oregon, but down in Idaho, Montana, and Washington. If realized, North Dakota's expected planted area, at 640,000 acres, will be a record high. Nebraska and South Dakota were added to the estimating program this year. Austrian winter peas: Intended planted area for 2016 is estimated at 31,000 acres, down 9 percent from 2015. Growers in Idaho indicated an acreage increase, while Montana farmers anticipate lower plantings from a year ago. No planted acreage change is anticipated in Oregon. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: The acreage estimates in this report are based primarily on surveys conducted during the first two weeks of March. The March Agricultural Survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of over 83,000 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be selected. These operators were contacted by mail, internet, telephone, or personal interview to obtain information on crop acreage intentions for the 2016 crop year. Estimating Procedures: National, Regional, State, and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are compiled to the National level and are reviewed at this level independently of each State's review. Acreage estimates were based on survey data and the historical relationship of official estimates to the survey data. Revision Policy: Acreage estimates in the Prospective Plantings report will not be revised. These estimates are intended to reflect grower intentions as of the survey period. New acreage estimates will be made based on surveys conducted in June when crop acreages have been established or planting intentions are firm. These new estimates will be published in the Acreage report scheduled for June 30, 2016. Winter wheat is an exception. Since winter wheat was seeded prior to the March survey, any changes in estimates in this report are considered revisions. The estimate of the harvested acreage of winter wheat will be published on May 10, 2016, along with the first production forecast of the crop year. Reliability: The survey used to make acreage estimates is subject to sampling and non-sampling errors that are common to all surveys. Sampling errors represent the variability between estimates that would result if many different samples were surveyed at the same time. Sampling errors for major crops are generally between 1.0 and 3.0 percent, but they cannot be applied directly to the acreage published in this report to determine confidence intervals because the official estimates represent a composite of information from more than a single source. Non-sampling errors cannot be measured directly. They may occur due to incorrect reporting and/or recording, data omissions or duplications, and errors in processing. To minimize non-sampling errors, vigorous quality controls are used in the data collection process and all data are carefully reviewed for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of acreage estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviations between the acreage estimates in this report and the final estimates are expressed as a percentage of the final estimates. The average of squared percentage deviations for the latest 20 year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current estimates relative to the final end of season estimates, assuming that factors affecting this year's estimates are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the corn planted estimate is 1.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current corn acreage estimate will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.6 percent. Also, shown in the following table is a 20 year record for selected crops of the difference between the Prospective Plantings planted acreage estimates and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the intentions estimates and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 1.04 million acres, ranging from 32,000 acres to 3.07 million acres. The prospective plantings estimates have been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times. This does not imply that the planted estimate this year is likely to understate or overstate the final estimate. Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates [Based on data for the past twenty years] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------------------------------- : : 90 percent : Thousand acres : Years Crop : Root mean : confidence :---------------------------------------------------------------- : square error : interval : : : : Below : Above : : : Average : Smallest : Largest : final : final --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ percent ------ --------- 1,000 acres --------- ---- number --- : Barley .......................: 7.1 12.3 234 31 455 5 15 Corn for grain ...............: 1.5 2.6 1,042 32 3,073 7 13 Oats .........................: 7.0 12.1 189 21 660 3 17 Sorghum for grain ............: 9.4 16.2 655 31 2,471 13 7 Soybeans for beans ...........: 2.1 3.6 1,290 25 3,296 10 10 Upland cotton ................: 6.4 11.0 620 6 2,115 11 9 Wheat : Winter wheat ................: 1.8 3.0 592 52 1,290 7 13 Durum wheat .................: 20.5 35.4 241 15 1,028 12 8 Other spring ................: 6.4 11.0 709 12 2,543 10 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch............................................... (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section................................... (202) 720-2127 Angie Considine - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................ (202) 720-5944 Tony Dahlman - Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet............................. (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay.................................... (202) 690-8533 Scott Matthews - Crop Weather, Barley..................................... (202) 720-7621 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat.................................................. (202) 720-8068 Bianca Pruneda - Peanuts, Rice............................................ (202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................ (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section........ (202) 720-2127 Vincent Davis - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Cherries................................................ (202) 720-2157 Fleming Gibson - Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits.......................... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ............ (202) 720-4285 Dave Losh - Hops.......................................................... (360) 709-2400 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ............ (202) 720-3250 Daphne Schauber - Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .. (202) 720-4215 Chris Singh - Apples, Apricots, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ................... (202) 720-4288 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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