Prospective Plantings ISSN: 1949-159X Released March 31, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Corn Planted Acreage Up 8 Percent from 2019 Soybean Acreage Up 10 Percent All Wheat Acreage Down 1 Percent All Cotton Acreage Down Less Than 1 Percent Corn planted area for all purposes in 2020 is estimated at 97.0 million acres, up 8 percent or 7.29 million acres from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 38 of the 48 estimating States. Soybean planted area for 2020 is estimated at 83.5 million acres, up 10 percent from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 22 of the 29 estimating States. All wheat planted area for 2020 is estimated at 44.7 million acres, down 1 percent from 2019. This represents the lowest all wheat planted area since records began in 1919. The 2020 winter wheat planted area, at 30.8 million acres, is down 1 percent from last year and down slightly from the previous estimate. Of this total, about 21.7 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 5.69 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.42 million acres are White Winter. Area expected to be planted to other spring wheat for 2020 is estimated at 12.6 million acres, down 1 percent from 2019. Of this total, about 11.9 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Durum planted area for 2020 is expected to total 1.29 million acres, down 4 percent from the previous year. All cotton planted area for 2020 is estimated at 13.7 million acres, down less than 1 percent from last year. Upland area is estimated at 13.5 million acres, down less than 1 percent from 2019. American Pima area is estimated at 228,000 acres, down 1 percent from 2019. This report was approved on March 31, 2020. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Principal Crops Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020....................................... 5 Corn Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020.................................................. 6 Corn and Soybean Planted Acreage - United States Chart................................................... 7 Sorghum Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................... 7 Oat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020................................................... 8 Barley Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020................................................ 9 All Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................. 10 Winter Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020.......................................... 11 Durum Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020........................................... 12 Other Spring Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020.................................... 12 All Hay Area Harvested - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................. 13 Rice Area Planted by Class - States and United States: 2018-2020......................................... 14 Canola Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020................................................ 14 Soybean Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................... 15 Peanut Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020................................................ 15 Sunflower Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2018-2020..................................... 16 Flaxseed Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020.............................................. 16 Cotton Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2018-2020........................................ 17 Sugarbeet Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested - States and United States: 2018-2020............................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018-2020........................... 19 Dry Edible Bean Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020....................................... 20 Chickpea Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020.............................................. 21 Lentil Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020................................................ 22 Dry Edible Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020........................................ 22 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2019 and 2020.. 23 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2019 and 2020.... 25 Winter Weather Summary .................................................................................. 27 Crop Comments............................................................................................ 29 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................. 32 Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates........................................... 33 Information Contacts..................................................................................... 34 Principal Crops Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Crops included in area planted are corn, sorghum, oats, barley, rye, winter wheat, Durum wheat, other spring wheat, rice, soybeans, peanuts, sunflower, cotton, dry edible beans, chickpeas, potatoes, sugarbeets, canola, and proso millet. Harvested acreage is used for all hay, tobacco, and sugarcane in computing total area planted. Values for 2020 were carried forward from 2019 for potatoes, proso millet, rye, and sugarcane. Includes double cropped acres and unharvested small grains planted as cover crops] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama ......................: 2,325 2,115 2,175 Alaska .......................: 28 28 30 Arizona ......................: 665 634 634 Arkansas .....................: 7,282 6,598 7,229 California ...................: 2,946 2,941 2,809 Colorado .....................: 6,140 6,091 5,910 Connecticut ..................: 70 70 76 Delaware .....................: 453 435 404 Florida ......................: 1,114 1,075 1,103 Georgia ......................: 3,653 3,354 3,429 : Idaho ........................: 4,177 4,096 4,098 Illinois .....................: 22,936 21,590 22,950 Indiana ......................: 12,120 11,250 12,040 Iowa .........................: 24,241 23,935 24,840 Kansas .......................: 23,465 23,113 24,075 Kentucky .....................: 5,693 5,712 5,856 Louisiana ....................: 3,287 3,024 3,209 Maine ........................: 227 229 220 Maryland .....................: 1,572 1,556 1,548 Massachusetts ................: 93 65 64 : Michigan .....................: 6,390 5,541 6,474 Minnesota ....................: 19,484 18,349 19,492 Mississippi ..................: 4,144 3,822 4,055 Missouri .....................: 13,782 12,827 13,779 Montana ......................: 9,835 9,946 9,847 Nebraska .....................: 19,742 19,176 19,854 Nevada .......................: 401 450 457 New Hampshire ................: 52 61 57 New Jersey ...................: 314 282 285 New Mexico ...................: 874 823 793 : New York .....................: 2,828 2,591 2,909 North Carolina ...............: 4,593 4,400 4,583 North Dakota .................: 24,163 23,221 23,429 Ohio .........................: 10,065 8,595 10,010 Oklahoma .....................: 10,036 9,390 9,444 Oregon .......................: 1,997 1,905 1,845 Pennsylvania .................: 3,443 3,686 3,856 Rhode Island .................: 8 7 7 South Carolina ...............: 1,498 1,428 1,443 South Dakota .................: 17,300 13,816 17,631 : Tennessee ....................: 4,896 4,836 5,023 Texas ........................: 21,833 21,419 22,495 Utah .........................: 871 907 911 Vermont ......................: 255 241 261 Virginia .....................: 2,634 2,609 2,712 Washington ...................: 3,697 3,542 3,494 West Virginia ................: 617 567 596 Wisconsin ....................: 8,014 7,624 7,960 Wyoming ......................: 1,474 1,504 1,539 : United States 2/ .............: 319,305 302,626 319,088 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ States do not add to United States due to rye unallocated acreage. Corn Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 255 320 370 116 Arizona ............: 80 90 100 111 Arkansas ...........: 660 770 800 104 California .........: 430 460 440 96 Colorado ...........: 1,460 1,550 1,650 106 Connecticut ........: 23 23 23 100 Delaware ...........: 170 185 170 92 Florida ............: 95 90 100 111 Georgia ............: 325 395 440 111 Idaho ..............: 350 385 400 104 : Illinois ...........: 11,000 10,500 11,300 108 Indiana ............: 5,300 5,000 5,800 116 Iowa ...............: 13,200 13,500 14,100 104 Kansas .............: 5,450 6,400 6,300 98 Kentucky ...........: 1,330 1,550 1,500 97 Louisiana ..........: 460 570 680 119 Maine ..............: 30 29 28 97 Maryland ...........: 440 510 500 98 Massachusetts ......: 14 14 16 114 Michigan ...........: 2,250 2,000 2,500 125 : Minnesota ..........: 7,900 7,800 8,400 108 Mississippi ........: 480 660 710 108 Missouri ...........: 3,500 3,200 3,600 113 Montana ............: 115 115 135 117 Nebraska ...........: 9,600 10,100 10,500 104 Nevada .............: 13 15 17 113 New Hampshire ......: 13 12 12 100 New Jersey .........: 70 77 90 117 New Mexico .........: 135 145 135 93 New York ...........: 1,070 1,020 1,180 116 : North Carolina .....: 910 990 1,050 106 North Dakota .......: 3,150 3,500 3,200 91 Ohio ...............: 3,500 2,800 3,700 132 Oklahoma ...........: 310 370 400 108 Oregon .............: 75 80 85 106 Pennsylvania .......: 1,300 1,450 1,480 102 Rhode Island .......: 2 2 2 100 South Carolina .....: 340 380 390 103 South Dakota .......: 5,300 4,350 6,000 138 Tennessee ..........: 720 970 1,040 107 : Texas ..............: 2,200 2,500 2,700 108 Utah ...............: 70 85 80 94 Vermont ............: 85 81 81 100 Virginia ...........: 485 540 540 100 Washington .........: 165 170 200 118 West Virginia ......: 46 52 56 108 Wisconsin ..........: 3,900 3,800 3,900 103 Wyoming ............: 95 95 90 95 : United States ......: 88,871 89,700 96,990 108 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Sorghum Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arkansas 2/ ........: 12 (NA) (NA) (X) Colorado ...........: 355 365 410 112 Georgia 2/ .........: 25 (NA) (NA) (X) Illinois 2/ ........: 18 (NA) (NA) (X) Kansas .............: 2,800 2,600 2,800 108 Louisiana 2/ .......: 8 (NA) (NA) (X) Mississippi 2/ .....: 4 (NA) (NA) (X) Missouri 2/ ........: 30 (NA) (NA) (X) Nebraska ...........: 230 200 200 100 New Mexico 2/ ......: 80 (NA) (NA) (X) : North Carolina 2/ ..: 18 (NA) (NA) (X) Oklahoma ...........: 300 300 340 113 South Dakota .......: 260 250 270 108 Texas ..............: 1,550 1,550 1,800 116 : United States ......: 5,690 5,265 5,820 111 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Oat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama 2/ .........: 40 (NA) (NA) (X) Arkansas ...........: 10 5 8 160 California .........: 110 75 75 100 Colorado 2/ ........: 95 (NA) (NA) (X) Georgia ............: 60 70 70 100 Idaho ..............: 40 60 45 75 Illinois ...........: 40 70 100 143 Iowa ...............: 135 215 240 112 Kansas .............: 120 120 170 142 Maine ..............: 21 22 22 100 : Michigan ...........: 75 70 60 86 Minnesota ..........: 180 240 250 104 Missouri ...........: 35 50 50 100 Montana ............: 70 70 75 107 Nebraska ...........: 125 120 120 100 New York ...........: 69 56 59 105 North Carolina .....: 30 22 28 127 North Dakota .......: 300 355 320 90 Ohio ...............: 55 75 80 107 Oklahoma ...........: 50 100 90 90 : Oregon .............: 20 20 20 100 Pennsylvania .......: 65 85 90 106 South Carolina 2/ ..: 19 (NA) (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 290 245 345 141 Texas ..............: 450 400 415 104 Washington 2/ ......: 17 (NA) (NA) (X) Wisconsin ..........: 200 265 280 106 Wyoming 2/ .........: 25 (NA) (NA) (X) : United States ......: 2,746 2,810 3,012 107 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Barley Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alaska .............: 5 6 5 83 Arizona ............: 14 17 17 100 California .........: 65 60 65 108 Colorado ...........: 60 54 45 83 Delaware ...........: 25 21 22 105 Idaho ..............: 550 540 510 94 Kansas .............: 17 14 15 107 Maine ..............: 17 16 13 81 Maryland ...........: 45 32 43 134 Michigan ...........: 20 11 15 136 : Minnesota ..........: 80 70 65 93 Montana ............: 790 920 1,010 110 New York ...........: 10 10 10 100 North Carolina .....: 11 11 15 136 North Dakota .......: 470 580 640 110 Oregon .............: 43 40 35 88 Pennsylvania .......: 45 35 40 114 South Dakota .......: 48 37 45 122 Utah ...............: 21 17 21 124 Virginia ...........: 30 30 30 100 : Washington .........: 85 95 115 121 Wisconsin ..........: 25 24 30 125 Wyoming ............: 72 81 115 142 : United States ......: 2,548 2,721 2,921 107 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. All Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 160 130 150 115 Arizona ............: 96 34 50 147 Arkansas ...........: 175 110 160 145 California .........: 425 420 425 101 Colorado ...........: 2,260 2,150 1,850 86 Delaware ...........: 75 60 55 92 Florida 2/ .........: 15 (NA) (NA) (X) Georgia ............: 200 150 190 127 Idaho ..............: 1,191 1,195 1,205 101 Illinois ...........: 600 650 570 88 : Indiana ............: 310 330 340 103 Iowa 2/ ............: 16 (NA) (NA) (X) Kansas .............: 7,700 6,900 6,800 99 Kentucky ...........: 450 460 540 117 Louisiana 2/ .......: 15 (NA) (NA) (X) Maryland ...........: 360 345 345 100 Michigan ...........: 510 540 520 96 Minnesota ..........: 1,621 1,450 1,350 93 Mississippi ........: 55 45 45 100 Missouri ...........: 740 550 480 87 : Montana ............: 5,390 5,450 5,470 100 Nebraska ...........: 1,100 1,070 920 86 Nevada 2/ ..........: 23 (NA) (NA) (X) New Jersey .........: 18 19 25 132 New Mexico .........: 320 360 330 92 New York ...........: 110 90 160 178 North Carolina .....: 460 290 480 166 North Dakota .......: 7,735 7,505 6,800 91 Ohio ...............: 490 500 510 102 Oklahoma ...........: 4,400 4,200 4,300 102 : Oregon .............: 800 740 740 100 Pennsylvania .......: 195 180 240 133 South Carolina .....: 80 70 110 157 South Dakota .......: 1,883 1,500 1,500 100 Tennessee ..........: 380 280 310 111 Texas ..............: 4,500 4,500 4,800 107 Utah ...............: 130 125 120 96 Virginia ...........: 230 180 260 144 Washington .........: 2,220 2,260 2,220 98 West Virginia 2/ ...: 7 (NA) (NA) (X) Wisconsin ..........: 240 195 160 82 Wyoming ............: 130 125 125 100 : United States ......: 47,815 45,158 44,655 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings for 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Winter Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Includes area planted in preceding fall] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 160 130 150 115 Arizona 1/ .........: 22 (NA) (NA) (X) Arkansas ...........: 175 110 160 145 California .........: 380 390 400 103 Colorado ...........: 2,250 2,150 1,850 86 Delaware ...........: 75 60 55 92 Florida 1/ .........: 15 (NA) (NA) (X) Georgia ............: 200 150 190 127 Idaho ..............: 720 730 730 100 Illinois ...........: 600 650 570 88 : Indiana ............: 310 330 340 103 Iowa 1/ ............: 16 (NA) (NA) (X) Kansas .............: 7,700 6,900 6,800 99 Kentucky ...........: 450 460 540 117 Louisiana 1/ .......: 15 (NA) (NA) (X) Maryland ...........: 360 345 345 100 Michigan ...........: 510 540 520 96 Minnesota 1/ .......: 11 (NA) (NA) (X) Mississippi ........: 55 45 45 100 Missouri ...........: 740 550 480 87 : Montana ............: 1,650 2,000 1,600 80 Nebraska ...........: 1,100 1,070 920 86 Nevada 1/ ..........: 13 (NA) (NA) (X) New Jersey .........: 18 19 25 132 New Mexico .........: 320 360 330 92 New York ...........: 110 90 160 178 North Carolina .....: 460 290 480 166 North Dakota .......: 85 85 60 71 Ohio ...............: 490 500 510 102 Oklahoma ...........: 4,400 4,200 4,300 102 : Oregon .............: 720 740 740 100 Pennsylvania .......: 195 180 240 133 South Carolina .....: 80 70 110 157 South Dakota .......: 830 860 650 76 Tennessee ..........: 380 280 310 111 Texas ..............: 4,500 4,500 4,800 107 Utah ...............: 120 125 120 96 Virginia ...........: 230 180 260 144 Washington .........: 1,700 1,750 1,700 97 West Virginia 1/ ...: 7 (NA) (NA) (X) Wisconsin ..........: 240 195 160 82 Wyoming ............: 130 125 125 100 : United States ......: 32,542 31,159 30,775 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Durum Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Includes area planted in preceding fall in Arizona and California] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Arizona ............: 74 34 50 147 California .........: 45 30 25 83 Idaho ..............: 11 5 5 100 Montana ............: 840 550 570 104 North Dakota .......: 1,100 720 640 89 South Dakota 2/ ....: 3 (NA) (NA) (X) : United States ......: 2,073 1,339 1,290 96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimate discontinued in 2019. Other Spring Wheat Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Colorado 2/ ........: 10 (NA) (NA) (X) Idaho ..............: 460 460 470 102 Minnesota ..........: 1,610 1,450 1,350 93 Montana ............: 2,900 2,900 3,300 114 Nevada 2/ ..........: 10 (NA) (NA) (X) North Dakota .......: 6,550 6,700 6,100 91 Oregon 2/ ..........: 80 (NA) (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 1,050 640 850 133 Utah 2/ ............: 10 (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .........: 520 510 520 102 : United States ......: 13,200 12,660 12,590 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. All Hay Area Harvested - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 850 700 700 100 Alaska .............: 22 22 25 114 Arizona ............: 300 325 325 100 Arkansas ...........: 1,203 1,253 1,340 107 California .........: 980 1,010 920 91 Colorado ...........: 1,420 1,460 1,430 98 Connecticut ........: 47 47 53 113 Delaware ...........: 13 14 12 86 Florida ............: 280 270 270 100 Georgia ............: 600 560 590 105 : Idaho ..............: 1,340 1,300 1,350 104 Illinois ...........: 470 420 480 114 Indiana ............: 510 520 500 96 Iowa ...............: 940 1,020 1,200 118 Kansas .............: 2,360 2,280 2,700 118 Kentucky ...........: 1,895 1,945 1,965 101 Louisiana ..........: 380 390 420 108 Maine ..............: 110 110 105 95 Maryland ...........: 195 189 190 101 Massachusetts ......: 79 51 48 94 : Michigan ...........: 810 780 780 100 Minnesota ..........: 1,220 1,100 1,150 105 Mississippi ........: 590 610 620 102 Missouri ...........: 3,070 3,360 3,250 97 Montana ............: 2,900 3,000 2,800 93 Nebraska ...........: 2,700 2,450 2,650 108 Nevada .............: 365 435 440 101 New Hampshire ......: 39 49 45 92 New Jersey .........: 114 91 90 99 New Mexico .........: 250 245 250 102 : New York ...........: 1,220 1,180 1,210 103 North Carolina .....: 816 816 825 101 North Dakota .......: 2,670 2,420 2,600 107 Ohio ...............: 970 920 920 100 Oklahoma ...........: 3,230 3,005 2,800 93 Oregon .............: 1,000 970 910 94 Pennsylvania .......: 1,190 1,210 1,270 105 Rhode Island .......: 6 5 5 100 South Carolina .....: 270 270 270 100 South Dakota .......: 3,250 3,350 3,400 101 : Tennessee ..........: 1,720 1,763 1,800 102 Texas ..............: 4,740 4,920 4,900 100 Utah ...............: 650 680 690 101 Vermont ............: 170 160 180 113 Virginia ...........: 1,140 1,145 1,145 100 Washington .........: 760 640 620 97 West Virginia ......: 535 515 540 105 Wisconsin ..........: 1,360 1,300 1,350 104 Wyoming ............: 1,090 1,150 1,150 100 : United States ......: 52,839 52,425 53,283 102 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Rice Area Planted by Class - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted Class and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Long grain : Arkansas ...........: 1,250 950 1,190 125 California .........: 11 10 10 100 Louisiana ..........: 395 370 390 105 Mississippi ........: 140 115 150 130 Missouri ...........: 215 180 190 106 Texas ..............: 187 153 170 111 : United States ......: 2,198 1,778 2,100 118 : Medium grain : Arkansas ...........: 190 205 205 100 California .........: 455 455 450 99 Louisiana ..........: 45 55 40 73 Mississippi ........: - 2 - (X) Missouri ...........: 9 7 9 129 Texas ..............: 8 4 2 50 : United States ......: 707 728 706 97 : Short grain : Arkansas ...........: 1 1 1 100 California 2/ ......: 40 33 40 121 : United States ......: 41 34 41 121 : All : Arkansas ...........: 1,441 1,156 1,396 121 California .........: 506 498 500 100 Louisiana ..........: 440 425 430 101 Mississippi ........: 140 117 150 128 Missouri ...........: 224 187 199 106 Texas ..............: 195 157 172 110 : United States ......: 2,946 2,540 2,847 112 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Includes sweet rice. Canola Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Idaho 2/ ...........: 43.0 (NA) (NA) (X) Kansas .............: 47.0 29.0 10.0 34 Minnesota ..........: 46.0 51.0 62.0 122 Montana ............: 120.0 150.0 175.0 117 North Dakota .......: 1,590.0 1,700.0 1,660.0 98 Oklahoma ...........: 70.0 35.0 12.0 34 Oregon 2/ ..........: 4.7 (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .........: 70.0 75.0 70.0 93 : United States ......: 1,990.7 2,040.0 1,989.0 98 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Soybean Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Alabama ............: 345 265 260 98 Arkansas ...........: 3,270 2,650 2,900 109 Delaware ...........: 170 155 145 94 Florida 2/ .........: 18 (NA) (NA) (X) Georgia ............: 145 100 90 90 Illinois ...........: 10,800 9,950 10,500 106 Indiana ............: 6,000 5,400 5,400 100 Iowa ...............: 9,950 9,200 9,300 101 Kansas .............: 4,750 4,550 5,000 110 Kentucky ...........: 1,950 1,700 1,800 106 : Louisiana ..........: 1,340 890 980 110 Maryland ...........: 530 480 470 98 Michigan ...........: 2,330 1,760 2,200 125 Minnesota ..........: 7,750 6,850 7,400 108 Mississippi ........: 2,230 1,660 1,850 111 Missouri ...........: 5,850 5,100 5,800 114 Nebraska ...........: 5,650 4,900 5,100 104 New Jersey .........: 110 95 80 84 New York ...........: 335 235 290 123 North Carolina .....: 1,650 1,540 1,480 96 : North Dakota .......: 6,900 5,600 6,600 118 Ohio ...............: 5,050 4,300 4,800 112 Oklahoma ...........: 640 465 550 118 Pennsylvania .......: 640 620 630 102 South Carolina .....: 390 335 320 96 South Dakota .......: 5,650 3,500 5,400 154 Tennessee ..........: 1,700 1,400 1,500 107 Texas ..............: 175 80 115 144 Virginia ...........: 600 570 600 105 West Virginia 2/ ...: 29 (NA) (NA) (X) Wisconsin ..........: 2,220 1,750 1,950 111 : United States ......: 89,167 76,100 83,510 110 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Peanut Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Alabama ............: 165.0 160.0 165.0 103 Arkansas ...........: 26.0 34.0 35.0 103 Florida ............: 155.0 165.0 175.0 106 Georgia ............: 665.0 670.0 740.0 110 Mississippi ........: 25.0 20.0 20.0 100 New Mexico .........: 5.5 4.7 5.0 106 North Carolina .....: 102.0 104.0 105.0 101 Oklahoma ...........: 16.0 15.0 12.0 80 South Carolina .....: 87.0 65.0 75.0 115 Texas ..............: 155.0 165.0 170.0 103 Virginia ...........: 24.0 25.0 27.0 108 : United States ......: 1,425.5 1,427.7 1,529.0 107 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Sunflower Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Varietal type : Area planted and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Oil : California .........: 58.0 49.0 49.0 100 Colorado ...........: 58.0 47.0 43.0 91 Kansas .............: 43.0 37.0 60.0 162 Minnesota ..........: 45.0 53.0 71.0 134 Nebraska ...........: 25.0 28.0 30.0 107 North Dakota .......: 395.0 470.0 500.0 106 South Dakota .......: 520.0 485.0 570.0 118 Texas ..............: 20.0 28.0 33.0 118 : United States ......: 1,164.0 1,197.0 1,356.0 113 : Non-oil : California .........: 2.0 1.6 1.0 63 Colorado ...........: 8.0 12.0 20.0 167 Kansas .............: 10.0 8.0 20.0 250 Minnesota ..........: 7.5 5.0 6.0 120 Nebraska ...........: 12.0 9.0 10.0 111 North Dakota .......: 41.0 65.0 70.0 108 South Dakota .......: 51.0 48.0 50.0 104 Texas ..............: 5.5 5.0 25.0 500 : United States ......: 137.0 153.6 202.0 132 : All : California .........: 60.0 50.6 50.0 99 Colorado ...........: 66.0 59.0 63.0 107 Kansas .............: 53.0 45.0 80.0 178 Minnesota ..........: 52.5 58.0 77.0 133 Nebraska ...........: 37.0 37.0 40.0 108 North Dakota .......: 436.0 535.0 570.0 107 South Dakota .......: 571.0 533.0 620.0 116 Texas ..............: 25.5 33.0 58.0 176 : United States ......: 1,301.0 1,350.6 1,558.0 115 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Flaxseed Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 acres --------------- percent : Montana ............: 39 99 80 81 North Dakota .......: 165 275 190 69 South Dakota 2/ ....: 4 (NA) (NA) (X) : United States ......: 208 374 270 72 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Cotton Area Planted by Type - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted Type and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------ 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : Upland : Alabama ............: 510.0 540.0 530.0 98 Arizona ............: 160.0 160.0 130.0 81 Arkansas ...........: 485.0 620.0 590.0 95 California .........: 48.0 55.0 45.0 82 Florida ............: 117.0 112.0 120.0 107 Georgia ............: 1,430.0 1,400.0 1,300.0 93 Kansas .............: 165.0 175.0 200.0 114 Louisiana ..........: 195.0 280.0 230.0 82 Mississippi ........: 620.0 710.0 660.0 93 Missouri ...........: 325.0 380.0 400.0 105 : New Mexico .........: 77.0 63.0 65.0 103 North Carolina .....: 430.0 510.0 500.0 98 Oklahoma ...........: 780.0 640.0 680.0 106 South Carolina .....: 300.0 300.0 270.0 90 Tennessee ..........: 360.0 410.0 360.0 88 Texas ..............: 7,750.0 7,050.0 7,300.0 104 Virginia ...........: 98.0 103.0 95.0 92 : United States ......: 13,850.0 13,508.0 13,475.0 100 : American Pima : Arizona ............: 14.5 7.5 12.0 160 California .........: 211.0 205.0 195.0 95 New Mexico .........: 6.8 5.3 8.0 151 Texas ..............: 18.0 12.0 13.0 108 : United States ......: 250.3 229.8 228.0 99 : All : Alabama ............: 510.0 540.0 530.0 98 Arizona ............: 174.5 167.5 142.0 85 Arkansas ...........: 485.0 620.0 590.0 95 California .........: 259.0 260.0 240.0 92 Florida ............: 117.0 112.0 120.0 107 Georgia ............: 1,430.0 1,400.0 1,300.0 93 Kansas .............: 165.0 175.0 200.0 114 Louisiana ..........: 195.0 280.0 230.0 82 Mississippi ........: 620.0 710.0 660.0 93 Missouri ...........: 325.0 380.0 400.0 105 : New Mexico .........: 83.8 68.3 73.0 107 North Carolina .....: 430.0 510.0 500.0 98 Oklahoma ...........: 780.0 640.0 680.0 106 South Carolina .....: 300.0 300.0 270.0 90 Tennessee ..........: 360.0 410.0 360.0 88 Texas ..............: 7,768.0 7,062.0 7,313.0 104 Virginia ...........: 98.0 103.0 95.0 92 : United States ......: 14,100.3 13,737.8 13,703.0 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Sugarbeet Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : California 2/ ......: 24.6 24.5 24.4 100 Colorado ...........: 26.3 25.1 25.2 100 Idaho ..............: 163.0 171.0 168.0 98 Michigan ...........: 150.0 146.0 150.0 103 Minnesota ..........: 415.0 424.0 427.0 101 Montana ............: 43.5 41.8 42.5 102 Nebraska ...........: 45.5 44.0 44.0 100 North Dakota .......: 202.0 212.0 214.0 101 Oregon .............: 9.3 10.0 9.9 99 Washington .........: 1.8 2.0 2.0 100 Wyoming ............: 32.1 31.6 31.5 100 : United States ......: 1,113.1 1,132.0 1,138.5 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from processors. 2/ Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California. Tobacco Area Harvested - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------------- acres -------------------- percent : Georgia ............: 12,500 9,000 9,000 100 Kentucky ...........: 68,100 57,400 51,400 90 North Carolina .....: 152,750 117,400 100,300 85 Pennsylvania .......: 7,800 5,700 5,700 100 South Carolina .....: 12,300 8,300 7,500 90 Tennessee ..........: 15,700 13,300 12,900 97 Virginia ...........: 22,280 16,020 15,000 94 : United States ......: 291,430 227,120 201,800 89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested Class, type, and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- acres --------------- percent : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ................................: 12,500 9,000 9,000 100 North Carolina .........................: 152,000 117,000 100,000 85 South Carolina .........................: 12,300 8,300 7,500 90 Virginia ...............................: 21,000 15,000 14,000 93 : United States ..........................: 197,800 149,300 130,500 87 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 11,000 9,500 8,000 84 Tennessee ..............................: 7,600 6,300 6,000 95 Virginia ...............................: 280 320 300 94 : United States ..........................: 18,880 16,120 14,300 89 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 50,000 41,000 37,000 90 North Carolina .......................: 750 400 300 75 Pennsylvania .........................: 4,000 2,500 2,500 100 Tennessee ............................: 5,300 4,000 4,000 100 Virginia .............................: 1,000 700 700 100 : United States ........................: 61,050 48,600 44,500 92 : Type 32, Southern Maryland : Pennsylvania .........................: 1,400 1,000 400 40 : United States ........................: 1,400 1,000 400 40 : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 62,450 49,600 44,900 91 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 7,100 6,900 6,400 93 Tennessee ..............................: 2,800 3,000 2,900 97 : United States ..........................: 9,900 9,900 9,300 94 : Class 4, Cigar filler : Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,400 2,200 2,800 127 : United States ........................: 2,400 2,200 2,800 127 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 291,430 227,120 201,800 89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Dry Edible Bean Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Excludes beans grown for garden seed. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- 1,000 acres ----------------- percent : California .........: 48.0 27.4 16.0 58 Colorado ...........: 42.0 37.0 45.0 122 Idaho ..............: 185.0 47.0 48.0 102 Michigan ...........: 195.0 185.0 200.0 108 Minnesota ..........: 185.0 210.0 215.0 102 Montana 2/ .........: 395.0 (NA) (NA) (X) Nebraska ...........: 140.2 120.0 145.0 121 North Dakota .......: 635.0 615.0 650.0 106 Texas 2/ ...........: 20.3 (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .........: 218.0 25.0 26.0 104 Wyoming ............: 31.0 21.0 27.0 129 : United States ......: 2,094.5 1,287.4 1,372.0 107 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Chickpea Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted Size and State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Small chickpeas 2/ : California .............................: (D) (D) (D) (D) Colorado 3/ ............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Idaho ..................................: 62.0 20.0 12.0 60 Michigan 3/ ............................: - (NA) (NA) (X) Minnesota 3/ ...........................: - (NA) (NA) (X) Montana ................................: (D) 51.0 56.0 110 Nebraska 3/ ............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) North Dakota ...........................: 18.4 (D) (D) (D) Texas 3/ ...............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 70.0 25.0 22.0 88 Wyoming 3/ .............................: - (NA) (NA) (X) : Other States 4/ ........................: 75.3 9.0 10.0 111 : United States ..........................: 225.7 105.0 100.0 95 : Large chickpeas 5/ : California .............................: (D) (D) (D) (D) Colorado 3/ ............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Idaho ..................................: 72.0 68.0 50.0 74 Michigan 3/ ............................: - (NA) (NA) (X) Minnesota 3/ ...........................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Montana ................................: (D) 148.0 83.0 56 Nebraska 3/ ............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) North Dakota ...........................: 96.0 (D) (D) (D) Texas 3/ ...............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 120.0 85.0 54.0 64 Wyoming 3/ .............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) : Other States 4/ ........................: 349.5 45.4 19.0 42 : United States ..........................: 637.5 346.4 206.0 59 : All chickpeas : California .............................: 15.1 13.4 12.0 90 Colorado 3/ ............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Idaho ..................................: 134.0 88.0 62.0 70 Michigan 3/ ............................: - (NA) (NA) (X) Minnesota 3/ ...........................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Montana ................................: 390.0 199.0 139.0 70 Nebraska 3/ ............................: 12.7 (NA) (NA) (X) North Dakota ...........................: 114.4 41.0 17.0 41 Texas 3/ ...............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) Washington .............................: 190.0 110.0 76.0 69 Wyoming 3/ .............................: (D) (NA) (NA) (X) : Other States 4/ ........................: 7.0 - - (X) : United States ..........................: 863.2 451.4 306.0 68 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Chickpeas 20/64 inches or smaller. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. 4/ Includes data withheld above. 5/ Chickpeas larger than 20/64 inches. Lentil Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 35.0 34.0 32.0 94 Montana ............: 500.0 295.0 315.0 107 North Dakota .......: 185.0 95.0 85.0 89 Washington .........: 60.0 62.0 42.0 68 : United States ......: 780.0 486.0 474.0 98 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. Dry Edible Pea Area Planted - States and United States: 2018-2020 [Beginning in 2019, includes Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 1/ : Percent of : : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 acres ---------------- percent : Idaho ..............: 8.0 29.0 25.0 86 Montana ............: 335.0 530.0 495.0 93 Nebraska ...........: 58.0 31.0 28.0 90 North Dakota .......: 375.0 425.0 325.0 76 Oregon 2/ ..........: 6.5 (NA) (NA) (X) South Dakota .......: 22.0 16.0 11.0 69 Washington .........: 52.0 72.0 87.0 121 : United States ......: 856.5 1,103.0 971.0 88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2019. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,721 2,921 2,182 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 89,700 96,990 81,482 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,587 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,425 53,283 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) 16,743 All other ............................: (NA) 35,682 Oats ...................................: 2,810 3,012 826 Proso millet ...........................: 506 465 Rice ...................................: 2,540 2,847 2,472 Rye ....................................: 1,865 310 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 5,265 5,820 4,675 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 339 Wheat, all .............................: 45,158 44,655 37,162 Winter ...............................: 31,159 30,775 24,327 Durum ................................: 1,339 1,290 1,175 Other spring .........................: 12,660 12,590 11,660 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2,040.0 1,989.0 1,910.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 374 270 319 Mustard seed ...........................: 98.0 90.0 Peanuts ................................: 1,427.7 1,529.0 1,391.7 Rapeseed ...............................: 11.3 10.4 Safflower ..............................: 165.8 152.7 Soybeans for beans .....................: 76,100 83,510 75,021 Sunflower ..............................: 1,350.6 1,558.0 1,244.5 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 13,737.8 13,703.0 11,804.5 Upland ...............................: 13,508.0 13,475.0 11,580.0 American Pima ........................: 229.8 228.0 224.5 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,132.0 1,138.5 979.3 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) 913.2 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 227.1 201.8 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 451.4 306.0 404.0 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,287.4 1,372.0 1,176.5 Dry edible peas ........................: 1,103.0 971.0 1,052.0 Lentils ................................: 486.0 474.0 431.0 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) 56.5 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 52.4 Potatoes ...............................: 968.3 942.2 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 18.5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production Crop :---------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 ----- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 77.7 169,566 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 168.0 13,691,561 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.2 132,807 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.46 128,864 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.28 54,875 All other ........................tons: 2.07 73,989 Oats ............................bushels: 64.3 53,148 Proso millet ....................bushels: 35.7 16,608 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,471 184,675 Rye .............................bushels: 34.3 10,622 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 73.0 341,460 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 11.9 4,019 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 51.7 1,920,139 Winter ........................bushels: 53.6 1,304,003 Durum .........................bushels: 45.7 53,756 Other spring ..................bushels: 48.2 562,380 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,781 3,402,000 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 6,232.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 20.0 6,395 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 706 63,580 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,949 5,496,087 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 2,160 22,464 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,272 194,295 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 47.4 3,558,281 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,562 1,943,435 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 817 20,102.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 803 19,380.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,544 722.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 29.2 28,600 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 35.0 31,937 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,060 467,956 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 1,544 6,237 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,769 20,811 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 2,124 22,346 Lentils 5/ ..........................cwt: 1,250 5,388 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,981 112,041.2 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) 4,240 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 846,491 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 104 5,452 Potatoes ............................cwt: 449 422,890 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 130 2,413 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,101,160 1,182,100 883,030 Corn for grain 1/ ..............:36,300,690 39,250,880 32,974,950 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,665,690 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,215,870 21,563,100 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) 6,775,720 All other ....................: (NA) 14,440,150 Oats ...........................: 1,137,180 1,218,930 334,270 Proso millet ...................: 204,770 188,180 Rice ...........................: 1,027,910 1,152,150 1,000,390 Rye ............................: 754,750 125,450 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,130,690 2,355,300 1,891,930 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 137,190 Wheat, all 2/ ..................:18,274,990 18,071,430 15,039,090 Winter .......................:12,609,740 12,454,330 9,844,890 Durum ........................: 541,880 522,050 475,510 Other spring .................: 5,123,380 5,095,050 4,718,690 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 825,570 804,930 772,960 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 151,350 109,270 129,100 Mustard seed ...................: 39,660 36,420 Peanuts ........................: 577,780 618,770 563,210 Rapeseed .......................: 4,570 4,210 Safflower ......................: 67,100 61,800 Soybeans for beans .............:30,796,910 33,795,660 30,360,250 Sunflower ......................: 546,570 630,510 503,640 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 5,559,550 5,545,470 4,777,160 Upland .......................: 5,466,550 5,453,200 4,686,310 American Pima ................: 93,000 92,270 90,850 Sugarbeets .....................: 458,110 460,740 396,310 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) 369,560 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 91,910 81,670 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ......................: 182,680 123,840 163,490 Dry edible beans ...............: 521,000 555,230 476,120 Dry edible peas ................: 446,370 392,950 425,730 Lentils ........................: 196,680 191,820 174,420 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) 22,880 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 21,210 Potatoes .......................: 391,860 381,300 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 7,490 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2019 and 2020 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.18 3,691,860 Corn for grain .........................: 10.55 347,781,670 Corn for silage ........................: 45.20 120,480,480 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.51 116,903,450 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.35 49,781,760 All other ............................: 4.65 67,121,690 Oats ...................................: 2.31 771,440 Proso millet ...........................: 2.00 376,660 Rice ...................................: 8.37 8,376,720 Rye ....................................: 2.15 269,810 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.58 8,673,480 Sorghum for silage .....................: 26.58 3,645,980 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.47 52,257,620 Winter ...............................: 3.60 35,489,150 Durum ................................: 3.08 1,463,000 Other spring .........................: 3.24 15,305,480 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.00 1,543,120 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 5,653,580 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.26 162,440 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.79 28,840 Peanuts ................................: 4.43 2,492,980 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.42 10,190 Safflower ..............................: 1.43 88,130 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.19 96,840,540 Sunflower ..............................: 1.75 881,530 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.92 4,376,690 Upland ...............................: 0.90 4,219,500 American Pima ........................: 1.73 157,200 Sugarbeets .............................: 65.47 25,945,480 Sugarcane ..............................: 78.40 28,972,760 Tobacco ................................: 2.31 212,260 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 1.73 282,910 Dry edible beans .......................: 1.98 943,970 Dry edible peas ........................: 2.38 1,013,600 Lentils ................................: 1.40 244,400 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.22 50,820 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) 21,200 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 383,960 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.12 2,470 Potatoes ...............................: 50.31 19,181,970 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.15 1,090 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Winter Weather Summary Highlights: Despite fleeting cold outbreaks, warmth dominated the country during the winter of 2019-2020. Above-normal temperatures were especially notable east of the Mississippi River, leading to one of the ten warmest winters on record in most States. Meanwhile, wet weather persisted through another season in much of the central and eastern United States, leading to pockets of mid- to late-winter flooding. Much of the Southeast was especially wet, with Alabama and Georgia reporting record-high winter precipitation. However, parts of the Deep South, mostly from southern Texas to peninsular Florida, experienced drier-than-normal weather. In fact, drought appreciably intensified during the winter in the western Gulf Coast region, including Deep South Texas. In California, a promising start to the winter wet season faded into a protracted stretch of dry weather. Aside from a brief period of precipitation in January, the last 2 months of winter were almost completely dry in California's key watershed areas. By February 29, the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack stood at 11 inches-just 45 percent of the end-of-winter normal, according to the California Department of Water Resources. A different scenario unfolded across the Northwest, where a slow start to the winter wet season was replaced by extremely wet condition-and even some flooding-in January. Elsewhere, the Southwest experienced several periods of significant winter precipitation, but continued to deal with chronically low reservoir levels-especially in New Mexico-and premature melting of high-elevation snowpack. Winter wheat did not suffer major calamities during the winter months, although several factors contributed to less-than-ideal crop conditions in some areas. On the central and southern High Plains, pockets of drought and harsh autumn cold snaps led to locally poor winter wheat stands as the crop entered dormancy. By March 1, at least one-fifth of the wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition in Texas (23 percent) and Kansas (20 percent). Elsewhere, 22 percent of Michigan's winter wheat was rated very poor to poor in late February, partly due to late planting, poor establishment, and excessive wetness. According to the United States Drought Monitor, winter drought coverage across the Lower 48 States stayed in a narrow range from 10 to 13 percent. Prior to the winter of 2019-2020, the last time exceptional drought (D4) was observed anywhere in the country was March 12, 2019. By winter's end, primary areas of drought concern included southern Texas, parts of the Far West, including much of California, and an area stretching from the Four Corners region eastward to the High Plains. The driest area covered southern Texas. Statewide, extreme drought (D3) affected nearly 6 percent of Texas by early March. Historical Perspective: According to preliminary data provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information, it was the Nation's 6th-warmest, 19th-wettest winter during the 125-year period of record. The country's winter average temperature of 36.0°F was 3.8°F above the 1901-2000 mean, while precipitation averaged 7.71 inches (114 percent of normal). All Lower 48 States had a December-February ranking on the "warm" side of the historical distribution; Utah, with its 42nd-warmest winter, was the "coolest" State. Meanwhile, top-ten rankings for winter warmth were observed in 24 of 26 States east of the Mississippi River-all but Mississippi and Wisconsin. Statewide precipitation rankings ranged from the 22nd-driest winter in California to the wettest winter on record in Alabama and Georgia. It was also among the ten wettest winters in Mississippi, South Carolina, and Tennessee. December: Active weather prevailed across most of the country, especially in the Southeast and an area stretching from California and the Southwest to the northern Plains and upper Great Lakes region. Across the far upper Midwest, a persistently deep snow cover hampered final harvest efforts for corn and sunflowers. In the last national report, dated December 8, only 92 percent of the Nation's corn and 73 percent of the sunflowers had been harvested. In North Dakota, 43 percent of the corn had been cut on that date, while 60 percent of the sunflowers had been harvested. By the end of December, North Dakota's harvest had advanced to 48 and 66 percent complete, respectively, for corn and sunflowers. Snow also remained on the ground for much (or all) of the month in parts of the Northeast, following an early-month storm. In contrast, drier-than-normal weather prevailed across portions of the southern Plains, as well as the western Gulf Coast region. Several factors, including drought and periodic cold snaps, continued to adversely affect winter wheat in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. During December, as much as 15 percent of the Nation's winter wheat production area was in drought, according to the United States Drought Monitor. However, a late-month storm system provided some of the Plains' driest wheat areas with highly beneficial moisture. Portions of the Northwest also experienced drier-than-normal conditions, despite a late-month increase in precipitation. In addition, Northwestern snow accumulations were limited by mild weather, leaving high-elevation snowpack 25 to 75 percent of the late-December average in much of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Elsewhere, near- or above-average snowpack dominated areas from the Sierra Nevada to the central and southern Rockies, as well as the eastern slopes of the northern Rockies, courtesy of multiple storms in late November and throughout December. Above-normal December temperatures dominated the country, despite periodic cold spells. The warmest weather, relative to normal, stretched from the central and southern Plains into the lower Midwest and the Southeast. East of the Rockies, impressive warmth developed late in the month, causing the Nation's snow coverage to retreat to 25.5 percent by December 24, down from a peak of 48.4 percent just 7 days earlier. January: Western weather patterns flipped in January, with wetter conditions developing in the Northwest and a drier regime arriving across California and the Southwest. As a result, Northwestern snowpack dramatically improved to near-normal values by month's end, while little snow accumulated in California's key watershed areas. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack increased only 3 inches (from 9 to 12 inches) during the month-and was only about 70 percent of the late-January average. Meanwhile, most of the central and eastern United States experienced unsettled January weather. Relative to normal, precipitation was particularly heavy in the Midwest, further delaying final harvest efforts. By late January, harvesting of corn and sunflowers was 96 percent complete in South Dakota. In North Dakota, where many areas have experienced continuous snow coverage since late November, the corn and sunflower harvests were just 49 and 67 percent complete, respectively. Heavy precipitation from the Midwest southward to the central Gulf Coast also led to a rare, mid-winter flood event. Some of the most significant flooding developed around mid-January from Mississippi to Michigan, fueled by a series of storms. Midwestern basins such as the Illinois and Wabash Rivers experienced mostly minor to moderate flooding. Flooding also affected the lower Mississippi Valley and environs. Late in the month, topsoil moisture was rated at least 40 percent surplus in many Midwestern States, including Michigan (63 percent), Ohio (59 percent), South Dakota (48 percent), Missouri (45 percent), North Dakota (44 percent), and Illinois (40 percent). In contrast, lingering pockets of drought across the High Plains and the Southwest left topsoil moisture rated 65 percent very short to short in New Mexico, along with 61 percent in Colorado and 32 percent in Kansas. By late January, nearly one-quarter of the winter wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition in Colorado (24 percent) and Kansas (23 percent). Despite brief cold episodes, near- or above-normal January temperatures dominated the country. Warmth was especially notable east of the Mississippi River, where monthly temperatures averaged as much as 6 to 10°F above normal. For most areas east of the Rockies, the harshest period of cold weather lasted about a week and culminated with a freeze across parts of Florida's peninsula on January 22. During Florida's brief cold outbreak, high winds and temperatures near the freezing mark may have reduced the yield potential of highly sensitive vegetables. February: Significant precipitation deficits persisted through a second consecutive month in much of California and the Great Basin. In fact, parts of California received no precipitation during the month, setting February records for dryness. In addition, little mid- to late-winter snow in the Sierra Nevada left the average water equivalency of the high-elevation snowpack less than one-half of the end-of-February average. Other areas of the West received occasional rain and snow. Northwestern snowpack, which had stabilized during a wet January, continued to benefit from periods of stormy weather. Pockets of drought persisted, however, along the eastern slopes of the Cascades and in south-central Idaho. In contrast, an early-February deluge-following heavy snow-triggered significant flooding in northeastern Oregon and environs. Farther east, most areas from the Plains to the Atlantic Seaboard experienced another wet month. In some cases, Southern rivers that had flooded in mid- to late January surged to even higher levels during the second half of February. Lowland flooding also extended northward into the lower Midwest, while parts of the northern Corn Belt continued to brace for spring flooding. Conversely, drier-than-normal February weather affected a few areas, including southern Texas, the upper Great Lakes region, parts of New England, and the northern part of peninsular Florida. Since late November, parts of the upper Midwest, including the eastern Dakotas, have reported a continuous snow cover, beneath which soils remain saturated. During February, North Dakota's corn harvest advanced from 49 to 61 percent complete, while the State's sunflower harvest advanced from 67 to 79 percent complete. Other States, including Minnesota and Wisconsin, reported some corn still standing in the field. Elsewhere, relatively benign weather prevailed on the Plains, as generally mild weather accompanied frequent precipitation events. However, short-lived cold outbreaks delivered sub-zero temperatures as far south as Colorado and Nebraska. Similarly, a mid-month cold blast produced Midwestern readings below 0°F into northern Missouri and central Illinois. Despite the brief cold waves, above-normal February temperatures dominated the country. The warmest weather, relative to normal, covered areas east of the Mississippi River, where many locations reported monthly readings more than 5°F above normal. Slightly cooler-than-normal weather was mostly confined to the Pacific Northwest and Desert Southwest. Crop Comments Corn: Growers intend to plant 97.0 million acres of corn for all purposes in 2020, up 8 percent from last year. If realized, this will be the highest planted acreage since 2012. Planted acreage for 2020 is expected to be up or unchanged from 2019 in 38 of the 48 estimating States. Record high acreage is expected in Arizona, Idaho, Nevada, and Oregon. Record low acreage is expected in Connecticut and Rhode Island. Acreage increases from last year of 800,000 or more are expected in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and South Dakota. Sorghum: Growers intend to plant 5.82 million acres of sorghum for all purposes in 2020, up 11 percent from last year. Kansas, the leading sorghum producing State, is expecting 8 percent more sorghum acres in 2020 than last year. Texas growers are expecting to plant 16 percent more acres in 2020 than last year. As of March 23, Texas growers had planted 31 percent of their expected acreage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Oats: Area expected to be seeded to oats for the 2020 crop year is estimated at 3.01 million acres, up 7 percent from 2019. If realized, the United States planted area will be the ninth lowest on record. Record low planted acreage is expected in California and Oregon. Barley: Producers seeded 2.92 million acres of barley for the 2020 crop year, up 7 percent from the previous year. A record low planted acreage is estimated for Colorado, Minnesota, New York and Oregon. However, in Montana, planted acreage is expected to increase by 10 percent from last year. Winter wheat: The 2020 winter wheat planted area is estimated at 30.8 million acres, down 1 percent from last year and down slightly from the previous estimate. This represents the second lowest planted acreage on record for the United States. Of the total acreage, about 21.7 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 5.69 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.42 million acres are White Winter. Record low planted acreage is estimated in Nebraska and Utah. Durum wheat: Area seeded to Durum wheat for 2020 is estimated at 1.29 million acres, down 4 percent from 2019. Acreage decreases are expected in California and North Dakota while increases are expected in Arizona and Montana. Record low planted acreages are estimated in Idaho and North Dakota. Durum wheat seeding and emergence was nearly complete in Arizona and California by March 28 at 95 percent and 93 percent, respectively. Other spring wheat: Growers intend to plant 12.6 million acres of other spring wheat, down 1 percent from 2019. Of this total, about 11.9 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Compared with last year, acreage increases are expected in all spring wheat-producing States except Minnesota and North Dakota. Planted area in North Dakota, the largest producing State, is estimated at 6.10 million acres, down 9 percent from last year. Hay: Producers intend to harvest 53.3 million acres of all hay in 2020, up 2 percent from 2019. The Northern Plains and Upper Midwestern States are expecting increases in harvested acres in 2020. Record low all hay harvested area is expected in California, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Washington in 2020. Meanwhile, Alaska is expecting a record high acreage. Rice: Area planted to rice in 2020 is expected to total 2.85 million acres, up 12 percent from 2019. Arkansas, the largest long grain-producing State, is expected to increase long grain acres by 25 percent from the previous year. Compared with the last year, medium grain acres are expected to decrease 3 percent but short grain acres are expected to increase 21 percent. California, the largest medium and short grain-producing State, is expected to reduce medium grain planted area by 1 percent but increase short grain planted area by 21 percent in 2020. Canola: Producers intend to plant 1.99 million acres of canola in 2020, down 3 percent from last year's planted area. Despite the decline, planted acreage for the Nation will represent the third highest planted area on record. Compared with last year, planted area is expected to decline in 4 of the 6 major canola-producing States, with acreage increases only expected in Minnesota and Montana. Planted area in Oklahoma, at 12,000 acres, is the lowest since 2009, the first year estimates were published for the State. Planted area in North Dakota, the leading canola-producing State, is down 2 percent from last year. If realized, planted area in Montana, at 175,000 acres, will be a record high. Soybeans: Growers intend to plant 83.5 million acres in 2020, up 10 percent from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage intentions are up or unchanged in 22 of the 29 estimating States. Increases of 250,000 acres or more are anticipated in Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota. Peanuts: Growers intend to plant 1.53 million acres in 2020, up 7 percent from 2019. Compared with last year, all States are expecting an increase or no change in planted area except for Oklahoma. In Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State, expected planted area is up 10 percent from 2019. If realized, it will be the most acres planted since 2017. Sunflower: Growers intend to plant 1.56 million acres in 2020, an increase of 15 percent from 2019. If realized, this will be the highest planted area for the Nation since 2016, but still the fifth lowest planted area since 1976. Compared with last year, growers in seven of the eight major sunflower-producing States expect an increase in acreage this year. The only State expecting a decline is California, where planted area is expected to be down less than 1,000 acres from last year. Area intended for oil type varieties, at 1.36 million acres, is up 13 percent from 2019, but will be the seventh lowest since 1976, if realized. Compared with last year, growers in seven of the eight major sunflower-producing States expect an increase in acreage for oil type varieties or are unchanged this year. The only State expecting a decline is Colorado, where the expected planted area of 43,000 acres will represent the third lowest on record, if realized. Area intended for non-oil varieties, at 202,000 acres, is up 32 percent from last year and if realized will be the highest planted area for the Nation since 2015. Record low planted area for non-oil varieties is expected in California. Flaxseed: Growers intend to plant 270,000 acres of flaxseed in 2020, twenty- eight percent less than was planted in 2019. Acreage in North Dakota, the largest flaxseed-producing State, is expected to be down 31 percent, or 85,000 acres from 2019. Cotton: Growers intend to plant 13.7 million acres in 2020, down less than 1 percent from last year. Upland area is expected to total 13.5 million acres, down less than 1 percent from 2019. American Pima area is expected to total 228,000 acres, down 1 percent from 2019. The largest increase in acres is expected in Texas. Compared with the previous year, 11 States are expected to plant fewer Upland cotton acres in 2020. If realized, Upland cotton planted area in Kansas, at 200,000 acres, will be a record high. Sugarbeets: Area expected to be planted to sugarbeets for the 2020 crop year is estimated at 1.14 million acres, up 1 percent from 2019. Intended acreages are above the previous year in 5 of the 11 estimating States. Tobacco: United States all tobacco area for harvest in 2020 is expected to total 201,800 acres, down 11 percent from 2019. If realized, this will be the lowest tobacco acres harvested on record. Flue-cured tobacco, at 130,500 acres, is 13 percent below 2019 and accounts for 65 percent of this year's total expected tobacco acreage. Total light air-cured tobacco type area, at 44,900 acres, is down 9 percent from 2019. The burley portion of light-air cured tobacco, at 44,500 acres, is down 8 percent from last year. Fire-cured tobacco, at 14,300 acres, is down 11 percent from 2019. Dark air- cured tobacco, at 9,300 acres, is down 6 percent from last year. Cigar filler tobacco, at 2,800 acres, is up 27 percent from the previous year. Dry beans: Growers intend to plant 1.37 million acres of dry edible beans in 2020, up 7 percent from the previous season's 1.29 million acres. Planted area is expected to be above last year in all estimating States except California. Chickpeas: Area intended to be planted for all chickpeas is estimated at 306,000 acres, down 32 percent from last season. Small chickpea intentions, at 100,000 acres, are 5 percent below 2019, while large chickpea intentions, at 206,000 acres, are expected to decrease 41 percent from the previous year. If realized, chickpea acreage will be at the lowest level since 2015. Lentils: Area planted for the 2020 crop year is expected to total 474,000 acres, down 2 percent from 2019. Planted area is expected to be lower than last season in Idaho, North Dakota, and Washington, while planting intentions are above last year in Montana. If realized, this will be the lowest planted area since 2014. Dry edible peas: Area planted for the 2020 crop year is expected to total 971,000 acres, down 12 percent from last year. Intended plantings are down from a year ago in Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Growers in Washington intend to plant more acres than last season. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: The acreage estimates in this report are based primarily on surveys conducted during the first two weeks of March. The March Agricultural Survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of approximately 80,000 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be selected. Data from operators was collected by mail, internet, telephone, or personal interview to obtain information on crop acreage intentions for the 2020 crop year. Estimating Procedures: National, Regional, State, and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are compiled to the National level and are reviewed at this level independently of each State's review. Acreage estimates were based on survey data and the historical relationship of official estimates to the survey data. Revision Policy: Acreage estimates in the Prospective Plantings report will not be revised. These estimates are intended to reflect grower intentions as of the survey period. New acreage estimates will be made based on surveys conducted in June when crop acreages have been established or planting intentions are firm. These new estimates will be published in the Acreage report scheduled for June 30, 2020. Winter wheat is an exception. Since winter wheat was seeded prior to the March survey, any changes in estimates in this report are considered revisions. The estimate of the harvested acreage of winter wheat will be published on May 12, 2020, along with the first production forecast of the crop year. Reliability: The survey used to make acreage estimates is subject to sampling and non-sampling errors that are common to all surveys. Sampling errors represent the variability between estimates that would result if many different samples were surveyed at the same time. Sampling errors for major crops are generally between 1.0 and 3.0 percent, but they cannot be applied directly to the acreage published in this report to determine confidence intervals because the official estimates represent a composite of information from more than a single source. Non-sampling errors cannot be measured directly. They may occur due to incorrect reporting and/or recording, data omissions or duplications, and errors in processing. To minimize non-sampling errors, vigorous quality controls are used in the data collection process and all data are carefully reviewed for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of acreage estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviations between the acreage estimates in this report and the final estimates are expressed as a percentage of the final estimates. The average of squared percentage deviations for the latest 20 year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current estimates relative to the final end of season estimates, assuming that factors affecting this year's estimates are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the corn planted estimate is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current corn acreage estimate will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.7 percent. Also, shown in the following table is a 20 year record for selected crops of the difference between the Prospective Plantings planted acreage estimates and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the intentions estimates and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 1.07 million acres, ranging from 32,000 acres to 3.09 million acres. The prospective plantings estimates have been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the planted estimate this year is likely to understate or overstate the final estimate. Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates [Based on data for the past twenty years] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------------------------------- : : 90 percent : Thousand acres : Years Crop : Root mean : confidence :---------------------------------------------------------------- : square error : interval : : : : Below : Above : : : Average : Smallest : Largest : final : final --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ percent ------ --------- 1,000 acres --------- ---- number --- : Barley .......................: 7.3 12.7 203 31 401 7 13 Corn .........................: 1.6 2.7 1,066 32 3,092 10 10 Hay ..........................: 2.9 4.9 1,278 34 3,769 2 18 Oats .........................: 6.5 11.2 152 21 490 6 14 Peanuts ......................: 7.6 13.1 95 8 216 12 8 Rice .........................: 6.8 11.8 164 16 335 10 10 Sorghum ......................: 8.3 14.3 487 31 1,114 11 9 Soybeans .....................: 3.2 5.5 1,642 185 8,517 9 11 Sugarbeets ...................: 2.0 3.4 18 - 67 8 12 Upland cotton ................: 6.3 10.9 586 6 2,115 13 7 Wheat : Winter wheat ................: 1.7 2.9 558 21 1,242 7 13 Durum wheat .................: 21.0 36.3 253 45 1,028 13 7 Other spring ................: 5.5 9.6 545 78 2,083 10 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section........................................... (202) 720-2127 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports........................ (202) 720-8800 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.................................. (202) 720-2127 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay......................................... (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.................................................. (202) 690-3234 Irwin Anolik - Crop Weather.................................................... (202) 720-7621 Chris Hawthorn - Peanuts, Rice................................................. (202) 720-2127 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat....................................................... (202) 720-8068 Chris Singh - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum...................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Barley, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds............................. (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.................................................. (202) 720-4288 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................ (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons - Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries.................................................. (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons .. (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................... (202) 720-2157 Dawn Smoker - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans............................ 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