Sp Sy 8 (2-03) Farm Labor National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released February 21, 2003, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Farm Labor" call Mark Aitken at 202-720-6146, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Hired Workers Down 1 Percent, Wage Rates Up 4 Percent From a Year Ago There were 884,000 hired workers on the Nation s farms and ranches the week of January 12-18, 2003, down 1 percent from a year ago. Of these hired workers, 724,000 workers were hired directly by farm operators. Agricultural service employees on farms and ranches made up the remaining 160,000 workers. Farm operators paid their hired workers an average wage of $9.32 per hour during the January 2003 reference week, up 35 cents from a year earlier. Field workers received an average of $8.29 per hour, up 4 cents from last January, while livestock workers earned $8.91 per hour compared with $8.20 a year earlier. The field and livestock worker combined wage rate, at $8.50 per hour, was up 27 cents from last year. The number of hours worked averaged 37.8 hours for hired workers during the survey week compared with 38.5 hours a year ago. The largest decreases in number of hired farm workers from a year ago were in the Southern Plains (Oklahoma and Texas), Northeast II (Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey and Pennsylvania), Mountain I (Idaho, Montana and Wyoming) and Corn Belt I (Indiana, Illinois and Ohio) regions. In the Southern Plains, livestock herding activity was kept at a minimum to reduce pasture trampling and allow grasses to regrow. Unseasonably cold weather kept Christmas tree activity down, and poultry production was down, which lessened the demand for workers in the Northeast II region. The prolonged drought in the Mountain I region kept field work needs at a minimum, and calving, lambing and shearing activities were just getting underway. In the Corn Belt I region, hired worker numbers in January 2002 were much higher than usual due to unseasonably warm weather. This year, a return to more normal weather patterns decreased the demand for hired workers. The largest increases in number of hired farm workers over last year occurred in California, Florida, and in the Appalachian II (Kentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia) and Lake (Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin) regions. California's hired farm work force was up considerably due to the much warmer and drier conditions compared to the January 2002 reference week. Winter vegetable harvest was in full swing, along with field preparation for spring vegetable plantings. In Florida, freezing temperatures and ensuing frost protection measures in citrus, strawberry and nursery operations required more part time workers. A major winter storm in Tennessee necessitated more livestock care and feeding in the Appalachian II region, thus increasing the need for hired workers. In the western half of the Lake region, the relative lack of snow cover led to increased herding activity on livestock operations and a higher demand for hired workers. Hired farm worker wage rates were generally above a year ago in most regions. The largest increases occurred in the Northeast II, Northern Plains (Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota), Southern Plains and Southeast (Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina) regions. The higher wages in the Northeast II and Southeast regions were mainly due to a higher percentage of nursery and greenhouse workers in the work force. Wages in the Northern and Southern Plains were higher due to fewer seasonal workers on the payroll. Farm Labor: Employment and Wage Rates, United States, January 12-18, 2003, with Comparisons 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 6-12, : October 6-12, : January 12-18, Farm Employment : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 : Hired Workers : 707 *940 724 150 Days or More : 584 *685 609 149 Days or Less : 123 *255 115 : Agricultural Services : Workers Working on Farms : 183 *271 160 : Hired Farm & Service Workers : 890 *1,211 884 : : : Hours per Week : Hours Worked : Hired : 38.5 40.4 37.8 : : : Dollars per Hour : Wage Rate for : All Hired Workers 2/ 3/ : 8.97 *8.95 9.32 : Field & Livestock Combined : 8.23 *8.36 8.50 Field : 8.25 *8.34 8.29 Livestock : 8.20 *8.42 8.91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Excludes AK. 2/ Benefits, such as housing and meals, are provided some workers but the values are not included in the wage rates. 3/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. Hired Workers: Number and Hours Worked by Region and United States, January 12-18, 2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hired :--------------------------------------------------------------- U.S. : : Expected to be Employed : and : Number :-------------------------------: Number Region 2/ : of : 150 Days : 149 Days : of Hours : Workers : or More : or Less : Worked -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------- 1,000 -------------- Hours per Week : Northeast I : 32 29 3 37.3 Northeast II : 23 19 4 37.2 : Appalachian I : 27 24 3 35.3 Appalachian II : 32 20 12 29.3 : Southeast : 24 22 2 35.6 FL : 70 56 14 37.2 : Lake : 45 40 5 31.7 : Cornbelt I : 23 21 2 33.5 Cornbelt II : 20 17 3 27.2 : Delta : 18 16 2 38.3 : Northern Plains : 23 22 1 37.8 : Southern Plains : 50 40 10 37.9 : Mountain I : 10 9 1 35.7 Mountain II : 20 18 2 39.7 Mountain III : 22 20 2 47.2 : Pacific : 48 40 8 37.7 CA : 230 190 40 41.2 : HI : 7 6 1 37.9 : US 3/ : 724 609 115 37.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. Hired Workers: Wage Rates for Type of Workers and All Hired Workers by Region and United States, January 12-18, 2003 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Type of Worker : U.S. :--------------------------------------------: Wage Rates for and : : :Field & Lvstk :All Hired Workers Region 2/ : Field : Livestock : Combined : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Hour : Northeast I : 10.02 8.36 9.12 10.03 Northeast II : 9.16 8.34 8.83 9.83 : Appalachian I : 8.22 8.58 8.40 9.34 Appalachian II : 7.34 7.87 7.60 7.98 : Southeast : 7.50 8.96 8.12 8.87 FL : 7.80 8.30 7.87 8.81 : Lake : 10.51 9.44 9.65 10.54 : Cornbelt I : 9.68 8.64 9.01 9.72 Cornbelt II : 9.24 9.01 9.08 9.50 : Delta : 8.56 7.89 8.30 8.63 : Northern Plains : 9.18 9.43 9.37 10.00 : Southern Plains : 8.13 8.51 8.29 8.85 : Mountain I : 8.51 8.17 8.25 8.53 Mountain II : 9.15 8.73 8.85 9.66 Mountain III : 6.92 8.22 7.48 8.12 : Pacific : 8.63 9.93 8.87 9.71 CA : 8.20 10.10 8.46 9.38 : HI 4/ : 9.31 9.36 11.04 : US 3/ : 8.29 8.91 8.50 9.32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. 4/ Insufficient data for livestock. Hired Workers: Number and Hours Worked by Region and United States, October 6-12, 2002 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hired :--------------------------------------------------------------- U.S. : : Expected to be Employed : and : Number :-------------------------------: Number Region 2/ : of : 150 Days : 149 Days : of Hours : Workers : or More : or Less : Worked -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 -------------- Hours per Week : Northeast I : 50 36 14 41.2 Northeast II : 41 34 7 36.4 : Appalachian I : 42 25 17 33.1 Appalachian II : 36 17 19 30.3 : Southeast : 33 21 12 36.4 FL : 57 51 6 38.9 : Lake : 64 41 23 34.7 : Cornbelt I : 42 25 17 38.7 Cornbelt II : 25 13 12 34.7 : Delta : 38 29 9 38.9 : Northern Plains : 34 25 9 43.8 : Southern Plains : 58 46 12 41.7 : Mountain I : 30 21 9 45.1 Mountain II : 16 10 6 35.7 Mountain III : 19 16 3 45.7 : Pacific : 77 46 31 39.2 CA : *270 *222 *48 45.5 : HI : 8 7 1 37.9 : US 3/ : *940 *685 *255 40.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. Hired Workers: Wage Rates for Type of Worker and All Hired Workers by Region and United States, October 6-12, 2002 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Type of Worker : U.S. :--------------------------------------------: Wage Rates for and : : :Field & Lvstk :All Hired Workers Region 2/ : Field : Livestock : Combined : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Hour : Northeast I : 9.16 7.70 8.76 9.36 Northeast II : 8.61 8.17 8.51 9.29 : Appalachian I : 7.57 8.00 7.70 8.21 Appalachian II : 7.13 7.46 7.21 7.50 : Southeast : 7.30 8.25 7.56 8.18 FL : 7.50 8.60 7.72 8.67 : Lake : 9.28 9.11 9.21 9.73 : Cornbelt I : 8.49 8.89 8.54 8.90 Cornbelt II : 8.69 8.30 8.59 8.81 : Delta : 7.12 7.72 7.27 7.77 : Northern Plains : 9.01 9.03 9.02 9.32 : Southern Plains : 7.05 7.32 7.18 7.57 : Mountain I : 7.84 7.95 7.89 8.13 Mountain II : 8.31 8.79 8.50 8.79 Mountain III : 7.07 8.24 7.42 8.25 : Pacific : 8.91 9.36 8.99 9.47 CA : *8.60 *9.30 *8.68 *9.39 : HI 4/ : 9.25 9.32 11.02 : US 3/ : *8.34 *8.42 *8.36 *8.95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. 4/ Insufficient data for livestock. Hired Workers: Number and Hours Worked by Region and United States, January 6-12, 2002 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hired :--------------------------------------------------------------- U.S. : : Expected to be Employed : and : Number :-------------------------------: Number Region 2/ : of : 150 Days : 149 Days : of Hours : Workers : or More 3/ : or Less 3/ : Worked -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------------- 1,000 -------------- Hours per Week : Northeast I : 33 31 2 40.0 Northeast II : 33 29 4 38.1 : Appalachian I : 29 26 3 36.6 Appalachian II : 25 15 10 34.4 : Southeast : 25 21 4 35.7 FL : 62 50 12 37.2 : Lake : 38 33 5 33.5 : Cornbelt I : 30 25 5 40.4 Cornbelt II : 24 21 3 33.5 : Delta : 24 18 6 33.1 : Northern Plains : 28 25 3 38.5 : Southern Plains : 61 54 7 41.5 : Mountain I : 18 16 2 34.5 Mountain II : 17 13 4 33.2 Mountain III : 18 16 2 47.7 : Pacific : 48 39 9 34.6 CA : 186 145 41 42.1 : HI : 8 7 1 37.0 : US 3/ : 707 584 123 38.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. Hired Workers: Wage Rates for Type of Worker and All Hired Workers by Region and United States, January 6-12, 2002 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Type of Worker : U.S. :--------------------------------------------: Wage Rates for and : : :Field & Lvstk :All Hired Workers Region 2/ : Field : Livestock : Combined : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Hour : Northeast I : 9.58 7.80 8.69 9.46 Northeast II : 8.71 6.88 7.95 8.87 : Appalachian I : 7.73 7.94 7.83 8.72 Appalachian II : 6.72 7.18 6.93 7.29 : Southeast : 7.56 7.61 7.58 8.08 FL : 8.15 8.55 8.20 8.97 : Lake : 10.22 8.26 8.94 9.91 : Cornbelt I : 9.03 9.22 9.15 9.75 Cornbelt II : 8.62 9.41 9.26 9.74 : Delta : 7.90 7.21 7.61 7.95 : Northern Plains : 8.34 8.41 8.39 9.00 : Southern Plains : 7.82 7.37 7.57 8.05 : Mountain I : 8.02 7.74 7.81 8.34 Mountain II : 8.54 8.48 8.51 9.15 Mountain III : 7.57 8.48 7.85 8.42 : Pacific : 8.18 9.64 8.42 9.21 CA : 8.25 9.69 8.36 9.22 : HI 4/ : 9.36 9.33 10.90 : US 3/ : 8.25 8.20 8.23 8.97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Region map on page 13. 3/ Excludes AK. 4/ Insufficient data for livestock. Field and Livestock Workers Combined: Wage Rates, by Type of Farm, by Region and 48 States 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 6-12, 2002 : January 12-18, 2003 :--------------------------------------------------------------- Region 2/ : Field : Other :L'stk &: All : Field : Other :L'stk &: All : Crops : Crops :Poultry: Farms : Crops : Crops :Poultry: Farms -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Hour : Northeast : 9.13 9.32 7.37 8.32 3/ 9.63 8.30 9.00 Appalachian : 6.43 7.94 7.64 7.40 3/ 7.98 7.68 7.99 Southeast : 7.58 8.05 8.37 8.07 7.20 7.77 8.59 7.93 Lake : 12.92 10.75 7.93 8.94 11.85 9.52 9.57 9.65 Cornbelt : 9.82 9.13 8.99 9.19 9.38 8.53 8.95 9.04 Delta : 8.42 7.00 7.23 7.61 6.64 3/ 7.40 8.30 Northern Plains : 9.19 3/ 7.90 8.39 9.04 8.25 7.73 9.37 Southern Plains : 7.45 8.57 7.24 7.57 7.19 6.83 9.29 8.29 Mountain : 7.70 8.33 7.81 8.02 6.86 8.08 8.82 8.14 Pacific : 7.42 8.21 9.90 8.39 3/ 8.26 9.86 8.53 48 States : 7.93 8.37 8.20 8.25 8.20 8.25 8.86 8.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Hired Workers: Wage Rates, by Economic Class of Farm by Region and 48 States 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 6-12, 2002 : January 12-18, 2003 Region :---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2/ : Gross Value Sales-$1,000's : : Gross Value Sales-$1,000's : :----------------------------: All :----------------------------: All : <50 :50-99 :100-249 :250+ :Farms: <50 :50-99 :100-249 : 250+ :Farms -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Dollars per Hour : N. East : 9.63 7.75 8.66 9.32 9.17 10.03 7.60 9.74 10.38 9.95 Appal. : 7.08 6.51 7.71 9.03 8.08 8.46 7.42 8.31 9.67 8.67 S. East : 7.65 7.50 8.26 8.88 8.76 8.21 7.93 8.74 8.89 8.82 Lake : 3/ 3/ 3/ 10.46 9.91 10.61 7.60 9.33 10.80 10.54 Cornbelt : 8.53 6.27 9.58 10.03 9.75 9.27 3/ 8.76 10.00 9.63 Delta : 7.37 7.37 7.14 8.67 7.95 7.00 7.22 7.50 8.93 8.63 N. Plains: 3/ 7.56 7.98 9.29 9.00 7.47 6.70 9.63 10.23 10.00 S. Plains: 6.18 8.08 7.33 8.43 8.05 3/ 7.93 8.88 8.49 8.85 Mountain : 3/ 7.53 7.37 8.54 8.60 7.43 7.68 8.14 9.13 8.75 Pacific : 9.64 8.85 8.39 9.21 9.16 8.83 9.36 10.14 9.87 9.43 48 States: 8.75 7.57 8.06 9.19 8.94 8.73 9.12 9.09 9.60 9.31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 2/ Regions consist of the following States: Northeast: CT, DE, MD, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT. Appalachian: KY, NC, TN, VA, WV. Southeast: AL, FL, GA, SC. Lake: MI, MN, WI. Cornbelt: IA, IL, IN, MO, OH. Delta: AR, LA, MS. Northern Plains: KS, NE, ND, SD. Southern Plains: OK, TX. Mountain: AZ, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, UT, WY. Pacific: CA, OR, WA. 48 States: All States, excluding AK and HI. 3/ Insufficient data. Field and Livestock Workers: Distribution by Type of Farm, 48 States 1/ 2/ 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type of : January 6-12, : October 6-12, : January 12-18, Farm : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent of Field and Livestock Workers : Field Crops : 13 14 8 Other Crops : 50 57 54 Livestock, Dairy, : & Poultry : 37 29 38 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hired Workers: Distribution by Economic Class of Farm, 48 States 1/ 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gross Value : January 6-12, : October 6-12, : January 12-18, of Sales : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent of Hired Workers : Less than $50,000 4/: 7 11 16 $50,000-$99,999 5/ : 6 4 29 $100,000-$249,999 : 12 13 9 $250,000 and over : 75 72 46 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hired Workers: Distribution by Category, United States, 1/ 3/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : January 6-12, : October 6-12, : January 12-18, Category : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent of Hired Workers Employed on Farms Hiring : 1 Worker : 10 7 9 2 Workers : 9 13 10 3-6 Workers : 22 17 19 7-10 Workers : 8 9 10 At least 11 Workers : 51 54 52 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 48 States, excluding AK and HI. 2/ Field and Livestock Workers combined. 3/ Excludes Agricultural Service Workers. 4/ Sales category changed from "Less than $40,000" to "Less than $50,000" beginning July 2002. 5/ Sales category changed from "$40,000 - $99,999" to "$50,000 - $99,999" beginning July 2002. Agricultural Services Crew leaders and custom crews provided 160,000 workers for the Nation's farms and ranches during the week of January 12-18, 2003. Service workers in California numbered 75,000 this January, up 6 percent from last year. Florida's number of service workers was 17,000, down 11 percent from last year. The average wages received by agricultural service workers in California and Florida were $8.70 and $9.35 per hour, respectively. Comparable wages in January 2002 were $8.36 in California and $8.25 in Florida. Agricultural Service Workers: Number, Hours Worked, and Wage Rates, for California, Florida, and United States 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number of Workers : Hours : Wage : Working on Farms : Worked 2/ : Rates 2/ 3/ State:------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jan : Oct : Jan : Jan : Oct : Jan : Jan : Oct : Jan : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 : 2002 : 2002 : 2003 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 ------- ------- Hours ------ Dollars per Hour : CA : 71.0 121.0 75.0 35.4 42.1 35.5 8.36 *8.10 8.70 FL : 19.0 5.0 17.0 38.5 31.5 32.0 8.25 9.00 9.35 : US : 183.0 271.0 160.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Revised. 1/ Data are for Agricultural Services performed on the farm by custom service units such as crew leaders or custom crews. These statistics are not included in the State-Regional tables. 2/ United States data not available. 3/ Benefits, such as housing and meals, are provided to some workers but the values are not included in the wage rates. Farm Labor Regions Region States Northeast I CT, ME, MA, NH, NY, RI, VT. Northeast II DE, MD, NJ, PA. Appalachian I NC, VA. Appalachian II KY, TN, WV. Southeast AL, GA, SC. Lake MI, MN, WI. Cornbelt I IL, IN, OH. Cornbelt II IA, MO. Delta AR, LA, MS. Northern Plains KS, NE, ND, SD. Southern Plains OK, TX. Mountain I ID, MT, WY. Mountain II CO, NV, UT. Mountain III AZ, NM. Pacific OR, WA. Reliability of Farm Labor Estimates Survey Procedures: These data were collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) during the last two weeks of January using sampling procedures to ensure every employer of agricultural workers had a chance of being selected. Two samples of farm operators are selected. First, NASS maintains a list of farms that hire farm workers. Farms on this list are classified by size and type. Those expected to employ large numbers of workers are selected with greater frequency than those hiring few or no workers. A second sample consists of segments of land scientifically selected from an area sampling frame. Each June, highly trained interviewers locate each selected land segment and identify every farm operating land within the sample segment's boundaries. The names of farms found in these area segments are matched against the NASS list of farms; those not found on the list are included in the labor survey sample to represent all farms. This methodology is known as multiple frame sampling, with an area sample used to measure the incompleteness of the list. Additionally, a list of agricultural service firms was sampled in California and Florida. The survey reference week was January 12-18, 2003. Reliability: Two types of errors, sampling and non-sampling, are always present in an estimate based on a sample survey. Both types affect the "accuracy" of the estimates. Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The sampling error measures the variation in estimates from the average of all possible samples. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean that chances are 19 out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples averaged together would be between 98 and 102; which is the survey estimate, plus or minus two times the sampling error. The sampling error expressed as a percent of the estimate is called the relative sampling error. The relative sampling error for number of hired workers at the U.S. level is normally less than 5 percent. The relative sampling error for the number of hired workers generally ranged between 11 and 23 percent at the regional level. The U.S. all hired farm worker wage rate had a relative sampling error of 1.0 percent. The relative sampling error was 0.8 percent for the combined field and livestock worker wage rate. Relative sampling errors for the all hired farm worker wage rate generally ranged between 2 and 6 percent at the regional levels. Relative sampling errors for wage rates published by type of farm and economic class of farm ranged between 1 and 21 percent at the regional level. Non-sampling errors can occur in a complete census as well as in sample surveys. They are caused by the inability to obtain correct information from each operation sampled, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, and mistakes in editing, coding or processing the data. Special efforts are taken at each step of the survey to minimize non-sampling errors. Revision Policy: Farm labor information is subject to revision the next time the information is published or the year after the original publication date. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. Worker numbers and wage rates for January 2002 and October 2002 were subject to revision with this report. Revisions were made and previous data are reprinted in this report for your information. Next Farm Labor Publication Date: The May 16th report will have information for the survey week of April 6-12, 2003. The report will include the number of All Hired Workers, Average Hours Worked by Hired Workers and the All Hired Worker Wage Rates at the regional and U.S. levels. The wage rate for field, livestock, and combined field and livestock workers will also be available at the regional and U.S. level. The number of Agricultural Service Workers and the corresponding wage rates will be published for California and Florida. Index Page U.S. Hired Workers on Farms, Wage Rates and Hours Worked . .3 Number of Workers and Average Hours Worked by Region and U.S. January 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 October 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 January 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Wage Rates by Region and U.S. January 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 October 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 January 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Agricultural Services: Workers, Average Hours Worked, and Wages January 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 October 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 January 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Other Labor Estimates U.S. Distribution of Workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Wage Rates by Type of Farm, by Region and 48 States . 10 Wage Rates by Economic Class of Farm, by Region and 48 States10 Farm Labor Region Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Reliability of Farm Labor Estimates. . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Revision Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Next Farm Labor Publication Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. For access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS Home Page at: http:/www.usda.gov/nass/. Select "Today's Reports" or Publications and then Reports Calendar or Publications and then Search, by Title or Subject. E-MAIL SUBSCRIPTION All NASS reports are available by subscription free of charge direct to your e-mail address. Starting with the NASS Home Page at http:/www.usda.gov/nass/, click on Publications, then click on the Subscribe by E-mail button which takes you to the page describing e-mail delivery of reports. Finally, click on Go to the Subscription Page and follow the instructions. AUTOFAX ACCESS NASSFax service is available for some reports from your fax machine. Please call 202-720-2000, using the handset attached to your fax. Respond to the voice prompts. Document 0411 is a list of available reports. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - PRINTED REPORTS OR DATA PRODUCTS CALL OUR TOLL-FREE ORDER DESK: 800-999-6779 (U.S. and Canada) Other areas, please call 703-605-6220 FAX: 703-605-6900 (Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order acceptable for payment.) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ASSISTANCE For assistance with general agricultural statistics or further information about NASS or its products or services, contact the Agricultural Statistics Hotline at 800-727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov.